element 6.pdf

7/24/2019 Element 6.pdf

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r i n c i p l e ~ I

o f ~ n t r o

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION

Avoid the risk e.g. eliminate the hazard or task

Evaluate risks which cannot be avoided

Combat risks

at

source

Adapt the work to the individual

Adapt to technical progress

Replace the dangerous by the less dangerous

Develop a coherent prevention policy

Give collective measures priority over individual

measure

GENERAL HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

Eliminate: remove trai ling cables

Reduce: use

low

voltage electrical equipment

Isolate: cover dangerous machinery

with

guards

Control:

limit

time and frequency o exposure

PPE: Issue safety footwear

Discipline: enforce rules and procedures

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Avoiding entry

Modify confined space so

entry not required

Have work

done

from outside

Precautions for

working

in

a confined space

Permit -to-work

Competent staf f

Appoint a supervisor

Isolate

Ensure suitable size of entry

Gas purging

Ventilation

Regular testing of the

atmosphere

Special tools nd lighting

PP

Communications

Limit working time

Emergency procedures

PERSON L

PROTECTIVE

EQUIPMENT PPE)

Benefits of

PPE

Often low cost

Can be used as short term

measure

Portable for worker away from

base

Disposable PP reduces risk

of infection

WHY PPE USED

AS

FACTORS

AFFECTING

LAST RESORT

THE WEARING OF PPE

Does

not eliminate the

Fit

hazard

Health of worker

Does not

reduce the hazard

Period of use

Only

protects the wearer

. Comfort

Always fail to danger

Maintenance

May introduce new

hazards

Training

Relies on

worker to

use

it

Interference

May

not e worn

correctly

Management commitment

It

may

e

uncomfortable

Peer pressure

Worn

for only

part

of

task

of

shift

Wrong size

Used when damaged

Not

properly

maintained

Management

may

not

enforce wearing

SELECTION OF PPE

What

are the hazards

Type of

equipment

Made to

suitable

standards

Comfort

Compatibility

Storage

Training

Cost


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SAFETY SIGNS

SAFETY SIGNS

Prohibition circular, red, white

background)

Warning triangular, yellow,

black edging)

Mandatory circular, blue,

white symbols)

Safe Condition green, white

symbols)

LONE

WORKER

FACTORS TO BE

CONSIDERED

Work location

Type

o

work

The equipment

Manual handling

Sex

o

the worker

Emergency facilities

Lack o training

Lack o supervision

Limited communication

PRECAUTIONS

FOR

LONE

WORKERS

Information on hazards

Training

to

deal with

hazards

Regular contact

Supervisors regularly visiting

oo 1.

Automatic warning devices

Check the worker has

returned home

PPE

Emergency action i worker

becomes

ill

AIMS OF

FIRST

AID:

To preserve life, prevent

deterioration and promote

recovery

ASSESSMENT

FOR

FIRST

AID

REQUIREMENTS

The nature o the work and

the size o the organisation

Past history and accident

type

The nature and distribution

o

the workforce

Remoteness o site from

emergency medical

services

The needs o travelling,

remote or

lone workers

Employees working on

shared sites

Absence

o

first aiders due

to holidays etc.

Compliance with legal

requirements

FACTORS

TO

BE

CONSIDERED

IN

DRAWING

UP

EMERGENCY

PROCEDURES

Type of emergency fire,

bomb, chemical spillage etc.)

Type/location of workplace

Emergency service contact

and response time

Appointed persons to deal

with the emergency

Communication systems

First Aid/medical facilities

Evacuation procedures

Effects on surrounding

community

Post emergency act ion e.g.

repairs, media, investigation

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Principles o Control

SYLL BUS

Overall ims

On

completion

of this

Element,

c ndid tes

will

understand:

fundamental strategies

for controlling hazards

and reducing risk

the various hazard

control nd risk reduction

methods available

Content

General principles of

prevention:

avoiding risks

evaluating unavoidable

risks

controlling hazards at

source

d pting work to the

individual

d pting

to technical

progress

replacing the dangerous

by the less I non

d ngerous

developing a coherent

prevention

policy

giving priority to collective

protective measures,

(e.g. engineering control)

over individual protective

measures, (e.g. personal

protection) concepts of

safe place and safe

person

providing appropriate

training, information and

supervision to workers,

including role, categories

and features of safety

signs

GENER L

HIER RCHY

OF CONTROL

elimination I substitution

changing work methods

patterns

isolation I segregation

engineering control

Personal Protective

Equipment (requirements,

benefits and limitations)

S FE SYSTEMS OF

WORK

expectation that the

employer should provide

safe system of work

role of competent persons

in the development of safe

systems

importance of worker

involvement in the

development of safe

systems

importance

nd

relevance

of written procedures

the distinction between

technical, procedural

and behavioural controls

development of a safe

system of work with

specific examples of

confined sp ces nd lone

wmking

in relation to

systems of work

- analysing tasks,

identifying hazards and

assessing risks

- introducing controls

and formulating

procedures

- instruction and training

in the operation of the

system

- monitoring the system

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PERMITS

TO WORK

operation and application

typical permits and circumstances in which

they may

be

appropriate, e.g. hot work,

work on electrical systems, maintenance

of

process equipment)

EMERGENCY

PROCEDURES

AND

ARRANGEMENTS

importance

of developing emergency

procedures in relation to fire, first-aid

and

other emergencies

principles, role and requirements of

emergency

medical response I first-aid

provision

arrangements for contact ing emergency

and rescue services

coverage in relation to shift work and

geographical location

SPECIFIC INTENDED LEARNING

OUTCOMES

The intended learning outcomes of this

Element are that candidates will be

able

to:

describe the general principles of control

and a basic hierarchy of risk reduction

measures that encompass technical,

behavioural and procedural controls

202

develop and apply safe systems

of

work for

general work activities

explain the key elements of a

safe

system

applied to the particular situations

of

working in confined spaces, lone

working

and travelling abroad

explain the role and function of a permit -to

work within a safe system

of

work

assess the adequacy of emergency

procedures

and

provision.

References

HSE

2000

Books

HSE 1998

Books

HSE

Books

IOSH

1998

1999

L7 4: First-Aid at Work

Approved

Code of

Practice.

L 101: Safe

Work

in

Confined Spaces Approved

Code of

Practice

IN G 98: Permit-to-Work

Systems.

Safety in the Global Village.

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