elements of design...balance produces a sense of equality between opposite elements. two types are...
TRANSCRIPT
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ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN ARE THE
BUILDING BLOCKS OF DESIGN.
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THE ELEMENTS ARE…
• Line
• Space
• Shape and Form
• Texture
• Pattern
• Color (The Most Important)
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Line – Line divides the garment
into areas as well as giving a feeling of movement.
• Lines can be more than horizontal or vertical. They can be. . . .
• Curved
• Diagonal
• Zigzag
• Dashed
• Parallel
• Wavy
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SPACE
Space is the area inside the shape or outline
of an object.
Positive space is
occupied by the
main subject.
Negative space is
the area around
the positive
space.
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Shape
the outline or silhouette of an object.
It is two-dimensional and appears flat.
Form
the shape and structure of an item. It
is three-dimensional with length,
width, and depth.
(Example: A circle is a shape; a ball is a form.)
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Texture
• Refers to the surface feel of
fabrics.
• Texture should harmonize with
body size.
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Pattern – Repeating of a design.
• Man made design.
• Organic or geometric form
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COLOR
• Usually the first aspect of a garment
to which people respond.
• Consumers often select or reject
garments based on color.
• The most important element in
design.
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COLOR
• Color is the most significant
element of design.
• It’s possible to set a mood or
create an illusion with color.
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COLOR TERMS
• Hue- Color Name
• Value- Lightness or darkness of the hue
• Tint- Hue + White (EX: Pink or Light Blue)
• Shade- Hue + Black (EX: Maroon or Navy)
• Intensity- Brightness or Dullness of the hue
• Tone- Hue + Grey to dull the hue.
• Neutrals- whites, blacks, beige, or grays
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Hue – the name of a color
Value – the lightness or darkness of a color◦ Tints – values lighter than normal; adding white
◦ Shades – values that are darker; adding black
Intensity – the purity and strength of the color◦ Tones –add gray or the complementary color
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Hue• Hue: Another name for color
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Value• Lightness or darkness of a color
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Intensity
• Brightness or dullness of a color
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Tint• Color with white added to it
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Shade• Color with black added to it
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Primary: Red, Yellow & Blue
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PRIMARY COLORS
•Red
•Yellow
•Blue
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PRIMARY COLORS
http://www.fiber-images.com/Free_Things/Reference_Charts/color_wheel.htm
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Secondary:Green, Violet, & Orange
(made by combining primary colors)
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Created when you mix EQUAL amounts of 2 primary colors.
Green, violet and orange
When you mix primary colors together, you get secondary colors.
SECONDARY COLORS
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SECONDARY COLORS
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SECONDARY COLORS
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SECONDARY COLORS
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SECONDARY COLORS
http://www.fiber-images.com/Free_Things/Reference_Charts/color_wheel.htm
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Tertiary:yellow-green, blue-green, red-violet,
red-orange, and yellow-orange(made by combing secondary colors)
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TERTIARY COLORS
When you mix primary colors with secondary colors, you get tertiary colors.
http://grace.studio-zoe.com/tuttheory.html
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Color SchemesA plan, design, layout or vision.
A combination of colors selected for a design in order to create a mood or set a
tone.
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Monochromatic:
Using a single
color from the
color wheel.
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Monochromatic• A one-hue color scheme – using tints and shades
• Endless values are created by adding white or black
• Quiet and peaceful effect
• Boredom can be avoided by using different forms, textures, and spatial relationships.
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Complementary:
Two colors
positioned directly
opposite each
other on the color
wheel.
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Complementary
• Built by combining hues opposite each other on the color wheel
• Tend to be livelier than other schemes
• Values and intensities must be handled carefully
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Complimentary• Two Colors that are position across from each other
on the color wheel.
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Split-
Complementary:
Using one color with
the two colors
adjacent to its
complementary
color.
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Split Complimentary• Using one color with the two colors adjacent to its
complementary color.
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Triadic:
Any three colors
that are equal
distance from each
other on the color
wheel.
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Triadic• 3 colors equal distant
• Ex: red, yellow, blue
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Analogous:
Colors that are
next to each other
on the color
wheel.
Copyright © Notice: The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of The Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas Tech University.
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Analogous• Uses colors (3-4) that are adjacent to each other on
the color wheel.
• One color is used as a dominant color while others are used to enrich the scheme
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Double
Complementary:
Two
complements are
used.
Complements
are directly
across from each
other on the color
wheel.
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Double Complimentary
• Two complements are used.
• Complements are directly across from each other on the color wheel.
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Monochromatic Complementary Split Complementary
Triadic AnalogousDouble
Complementary
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Cool Colors Cool colors are based on
blues, greens, pinks, purples, blue-greens, magentas, and blue-based reds.
Because these colors have a tendency to feel like they are receding (or backing away from you), cool tones are often used to paint the walls of a small room to make the room appear larger.
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Cool Colors in Fashion
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Warm Colors• Warm colors are based on yellows,
oranges, browns, yellowish greens, orangish reds.
• The warmth that these colors radiate tends to make them seem warm, cozy, and inviting and they draw attention very easily.
• Warm colors are associated with happiness and comfort.
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Warm Colors in Fashion
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Neutral
• Uses no hue
• Neutral colors like white, grey, and black are achromatic.
• Utilizes only value variations, without intensity
• Usually requires an accent color
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Neutral Color Schemes Continued
• Easier to live with than with vibrant color schemes.
• Often used as background colors in rooms because they blend well with other colors
• Touches of accent colors are usually added for interest
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Value and Intensity Chart (Example)
Start
Here
Value Scale:
Add White
Intensity Scale:
Add Gray
Intensity Scale:
Add Complement
Value Scale:
Add Black
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THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
Rhythm
Emphasis
Balance
Proportion/Scale
Harmony
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THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
• Rhythm: related movement that leads the eye smoothly and easily from one part of the design to another
• Rhythm provides a sense of order and quality of gracefulness.
• Rhythm provides the illusion of motion as the eye moves easily from one part of the design to another.
• Four types of rhythm include the following:
3. transition
4. radiation1. repetition
2. gradation
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THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
• Emphasis: also known as the “center of
interest,” “focal point,” and “dominant idea”
• Emphasis centers attention on the most important item in
an arrangement and allows rhythm to carry the eye from
this point to other areas of interest.
• Emphasis creates order and captures attention.
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THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
• Balance: the arranging of design parts to create a feeling of rest and
equilibrium
Balance produces a sense of equality between opposite elements.
Two types are as follows:
1. Formal balance (symmetrical) – The design is the same on
each side of the design center.
2. Informal balance (asymmetrical) – The design is balanced but
is different on each side of the design center.
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THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
• Proportion/Scale:
• Proportion is the relationship of parts to each
other and to the design as a whole based on
division of space.
• Scale is the law of proportion when applied to the
size relationship of objects used together.
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THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
• Harmony: the combination of unity and variety. All parts of the
room or garment work together to create a pleasing, whole
design.
• Harmony occurs when the parts of a design are related by a unified
design and consistency of style.
• Harmony is essential to successful design.
• Harmony is the final goal of any arrangement.
• Harmony demands that the sizes, shapes, colors, textures, and ideas
used to create the arrangement or design be related.
Unity + Variety = Harmony