elements of organic farming: pest, insect, & disease management
DESCRIPTION
George Kuepper/Kate Atchley Oklahoma Beginning Farmer & Rancher Program 2013 Horticulture #3: July 13TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Elements of Organic Farming
George Kuepper & Kate Atchley
Kerr Center for Sustainable Agriculture
Pest Insect,& Disease
Management
OKBFRP Horticulture Program, July 2013
![Page 2: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Regarding Weeds Pest Insects & Diseases
Well-designed organic systems have higher ecological stability and lower pest pressure overall. “1000 tiny hammers”
![Page 3: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Organic System Effects On Pests
• Systemic Practices: rotation, cover cropping, organic fertilization, adapted and
resistant cultivars, composting and basic sanitation
practices. “Nurturing the soil food web plus…”
• Systemic Effects: innate and induced resistance/tolerancebiocontrol of pests and diseases in the soilbiocontrol of above ground pests life cycles of weeds and pests disruptedweed seedbank reducedbeneficial shift in weed populations
![Page 4: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Putting It Together:Setting the Foundation
B i o l o g i c a l l y H e a l t h y S o i l
A S o u n d O r g a n i c S y s t e mR o t a t i o n s , C o v e r C r o p s
C o m p o s t , M a n u r e
O r g a n i c C u l t u r a l P r a c t i c e s
O f f - F a r m I n p u t sF e r t i l i z e r s — P e s t i c i d e s
G o o dO r g a n i c
C r o p
![Page 5: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Well-designed organic systems have higher ecological stability and lower pest pressure overall.
However, many pests require additional management (i.e. cultural practices) to ensure that they don’t get out of control. “More tiny hammers…”
Regarding Weeds Pest Insects & Diseases
![Page 6: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Traditional Organic Pest Control Practices
Weeds
cultivationorganic mulchesmowinggrazingweeder geesehandweedingflame weedingplastic mulch
Insects & Disease
beneficial habitatsaugmentation of beneficialsphysical barriersnonsynthetic lures, traps, repellentsadjusting timingtrap cropsHand-picking
![Page 7: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Putting It Together:Second Level of Mgt.
B i o l o g i c a l l y H e a l t h y S o i l
A S o u n d O r g a n i c S y s t e mR o t a t i o n s , C o v e r C r o p s
C o m p o s t , M a n u r e
O r g a n i c C u l t u r a l P r a c t i c e s
O f f - F a r m I n p u t sF e r t i l i z e r s — P e s t i c i d e s
G o o dO r g a n i c
C r o p
![Page 8: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Well-designed organic systems have higher ecological stability and lower pest pressure overall.
However, many pests require additional management (i.e. cultural practices) to ensure that they don’t get out of control.
While organic management precludes most pesticides, many allowable materials are available.
Regarding Weeds Pest Insects & Diseases
![Page 9: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Organic-Allowed Pesticides(Insecticides, Miticides, Fungicides, Herbicides, etc.)
Mineral-based Coppers Sulfur DE Baking soda
Biologicals Bt (Dipel®, etc.) B. bassiana (Mycotrol®, etc.) Bacillus subtilis (Serenade®, etc.) Spinosad (Fire Ant bait, etc.)
Botanicals Pyrethrum (Pyganic®, etc.) Neem (Bioneem®, neem oil, etc.) Garlic
Refined oils Dormant oil Superior oil
Soaps Insecticidal soap Herbicidal soap
![Page 10: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Putting It Together:Third Level of Mgt.
B i o l o g i c a l l y H e a l t h y S o i l
A S o u n d O r g a n i c S y s t e mR o t a t i o n s , C o v e r C r o p s
C o m p o s t , M a n u r e
O r g a n i c C u l t u r a l P r a c t i c e s
O f f - F a r m I n p u t sP e s t i c i d e s
G o o dO r g a n i c
C r o p
![Page 11: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Organic Strategy For Weed & Pest Management
I. Organic System Effects
II. Traditional Organic Practices
III. Allowed Pesticides
![Page 12: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
IPM is a systematic strategy for managing pests which considers
prevention, avoidance, monitoring and suppression. Where chemical pesticides are necessary, a preference is given to
materials and methods which maximize public safety and reduce
environmental risk. MASSACHUSETTS IPM COUNCIL'S
DEFINITION OF IPMhttp://massnrc.org/ipm/what-is-ipm.html
![Page 13: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Insect/Arthropod Pests
![Page 14: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Traditional Organic Insect/Arthropod Control Practices
beneficial habitatsaugmentation of beneficialsphysical barrierstrapsadjusting timingtrap cropshand-picking/ vacuumsflaming/fire
![Page 15: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Pest I.D. is Critical
![Page 16: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Cue in Kate
![Page 17: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Flea Beatles
Ringo
Paul
![Page 18: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Phytophthora
![Page 19: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Septoria Blight
![Page 20: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
A Face Only a Mother Could Love!
A tomato hornworm—very pleased with itself!
![Page 21: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Tomato HornwormHandpickingFall cultivationBacillus thuringiensisBiological control
![Page 22: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Bio-control for Hornworm
Polistes wasps-predatory-
Braconid wasp-parasitic-
![Page 23: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Squash BugTimed plantingSanitationBarriersResistance/toleranceAllowed chemicals??Biological control
![Page 24: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Squash Bug Parasite
Tachinid flyTrichopoda pennipes
![Page 25: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Stink Bugsas tomato pestsSanitationTrap croppingAllowed chemicalsBiological control
![Page 26: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Buckwheat as a Trap Crop
![Page 27: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Stink Bugsas tomato pestsSanitationTrap croppingAllowed chemicalsBiological control
![Page 28: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Trissolcus basalis: a parasitic wasp
![Page 29: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Corn Earworm/Tomato Fruitworm
Resistant varietiesNatural oil ear treatmentBt spraysBiological control
![Page 30: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Zea-Later
Used to inject natural oils with or without allowed pesticides
![Page 31: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Corn Earworm/Tomato Fruitworm
Resistant varietiesNatural oil ear treatmentBt spraysBiological control
![Page 32: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Trichogramma spp: parasitic wasps
![Page 33: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Aphids aka: plant lice
Avoid excess nitrogen fertilizationAllowed pesticidesBiological control
![Page 34: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Aphid PredatorsLadybird Beetle
Ladybird Beetle larva
Lacewing
![Page 35: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Generalist PredatorsAssassin Bug
Preying Mantis
Robber Fly
Garden Spider
![Page 36: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Striped Blister BeetlePest on damn-near everything
![Page 37: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Two tools for blister beetle management
![Page 38: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Plant Diseases
![Page 39: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Plant Disease Triangle
![Page 41: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Reality Check!
• Some diseases are wind-borne or carried by mobile insect vectors. Rotation has little-to-no effect on such diseases.
Asters yellows, on Black-eyed susan.Vectored by leaf-hoppers.
![Page 42: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Early blightof tomato
Serenade®Bacillus subtilis
![Page 43: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Powdery MildewProblem on many crops
“Use of Baking Soda as a Fungicide”https://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/summaries/summary.php?pub=126
![Page 44: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
UsefulResource
http://web.pppmb.cals.cornell.edu/resourceguide/
![Page 46: Elements of Organic Farming: Pest, Insect, & Disease Management](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051616/55507351b4c905cc0f8b4e0a/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
George KuepperThe Kerr CenterP.O. Box 588Poteau, OK [email protected]