Elements Elements of Poetryof PoetryElements Elements of Poetryof Poetry

• Poetry- – one of three types of literature,

others being prose and drama.

– Poetry uses concise, rhythmic, and emotionally charged language.

– The language of poetry emphasizes the re-creation of experiences..

Important Poetic Parts• Stanza

– is a group of lines in a poem, considered as a unit. Types of stanzas include:

– Couplet: 2-line– Quatrain: 4-line– Cinquain: 5-line– Sestet: 6-line

– Octave: 8-line

Types of PoetryNarrative Poem: • possesses the elements of a story like characters, conflicts and plot, but the story is told in verse instead of prose.

Lyric Poem: • a highly musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker.

Haiku: • a 3 line Japanese verse form. •The 1st& 3rd lines have 5 syllables. •The 2nd line has 7 syllables. •Haikus are usually about nature.

Free/ Blank Verse: •poetry not written in a regular rhythmical pattern. •Free verse doesn’t necessarily follow any of the rules of poetry.

Concrete Poem: •is a poem whose shape suggests its subject. •The words, punctuation, etc. are arranged to create a visual image.

Limerick: •is a humorous, rhyming, five line poem with a specific meter and rhyme scheme. •The 1st, 2nd, & 5th line rhyme and the 3rd & 4th line rhyme. •Most limericks have the rhyme scheme of aabba.

All Poems do not have to Rhyme

• Ballad: – is a song like poem that tells a story often

dealing with adventure and romance. – The earliest ballads were composed orally;

therefore, many of the stories exist in different versions.

– Many ballads have a refrain• a line or group of lines repeated at

the end of each stanza.

Elements of Poetry• Figurative Language:

– is meant to be interpreted imaginatively.– Simile, metaphor, personification and

imagery• Simile:

– a comparison between two unlike things using “like or as”.

• Metaphor: – compares 2 unlike things. Metaphors say

that one thing IS another.

• Rhyme scheme: – is a regular pattern of rhyming words in a

poem. Lower case letters are used to indicate the pattern.•Ex: aabba

• Repetition: – refers to sound, words, phrases or lines that

are used more than once.

• Assonance: – is the repetition of vowel sounds at the

beginning of words.• Ex: Adam ate a lot of apples

• Personification: – gives human characteristics or qualities

to animals, ideas or lifeless objects.

• Imagery/Sensory language: – appeals to the 5 senses.

• Theme: – is the central idea in the

work. Ex: love, compassion

• Hyperbole: – is exaggeration for effect.

• Allusion: – is a reference to a well-known

person, place, event, or literary work.

• Symbol: – is anything that stands for something

else. – They are usually concrete images

that represent ideas.

Concepts of Sound• Rhyme:

– is the repetition of sounds at the ends of words.

• Near Rhyme: – are words that almost rhyme. – They don’t have the same amount of

syllables– Ex: men--again so--aglow whey--

away

• Alliteration: – is the repetition of consonant sounds

at the beginnings of words. – Ex: Creamy crunchy pimples

• Rhythm: – is the pattern of stresses, or beats in

spoken or written language.

• Onomatopoeia: – is the use of words that imitate

sounds.