Elements of Elements of PoetryPoetry

http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8ZnUlxPKMsv=W8ZnUlxPKMs

ThemeTheme Theme is Theme is the message about life or human the message about life or human

nature that is communicated by a literary nature that is communicated by a literary work.work.

Watch/Read “The Tell-Tale Heart” and Watch/Read “The Tell-Tale Heart” and determine themedetermine theme

IDENTIFYING KEY ELEMENTS IN “THE TELL-TALE HEART”IDENTIFYING KEY ELEMENTS IN “THE TELL-TALE HEART”Key Elements CluesKey Elements Clues

TitleTitle

CharacterCharacter

SettingSetting

PlotPlot

FormForm

The way a poem looks-or its The way a poem looks-or its arrangement on the page-is its formarrangement on the page-is its form

Poets deliberately choose the form Poets deliberately choose the form they wish their poems to take an may they wish their poems to take an may even space the words and letters in a even space the words and letters in a poem to create a special arrangementpoem to create a special arrangement

Basically, it’s the way the poem looks Basically, it’s the way the poem looks and can affect the sound by creating a and can affect the sound by creating a rhythm.rhythm.

Page 188

Lines and StanzasLines and Stanzas

Poetry is written in Poetry is written in lineslines, which may , which may or may not be sentences. or may not be sentences.

Sometimes the lines are combined into Sometimes the lines are combined into groups called groups called stanzasstanzas..

The number of lines in a poem’s The number of lines in a poem’s stanzas can be the same or can vary.stanzas can be the same or can vary.

While some poems have a formal While some poems have a formal structure, others are written in a more structure, others are written in a more conversational style called conversational style called free versefree verse..

““The Fire of Driftwood”The Fire of Driftwood”

By Henry Wadsworth LongfellowBy Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

We spake of many a vanished scene,We spake of many a vanished scene,

Of what we once had thought and said,Of what we once had thought and said,

Of what had been, and might have been,Of what had been, and might have been,

And who was changed, and who was dead;And who was changed, and who was dead;

And all that fills the hearts of friends,And all that fills the hearts of friends,

When first they feel, with secret pain,When first they feel, with secret pain,

Their lives thenceforth have separate ends,Their lives thenceforth have separate ends,

And never can be one again.And never can be one again.

Stanza

Line

SpeakerSpeaker

The speaker of a poem is the voice The speaker of a poem is the voice that the reader hears relating the that the reader hears relating the ideas or story of the poemideas or story of the poem

Turn to page 576-577Turn to page 576-577 Answer “Close Read” in Fresh AirAnswer “Close Read” in Fresh Air

SoundSound

Rhyme Rhyme is the repetition of sounds at is the repetition of sounds at the ends of words such as shell and the ends of words such as shell and well.well.

Internal Rhyme is the use of rhyming Internal Rhyme is the use of rhyming words within a line.words within a line.

End Rhyme is the use of rhymes at End Rhyme is the use of rhymes at the end of lines.the end of lines.

Sound (continued)Sound (continued)

A poem’s rhythm/beat A poem’s rhythm/beat is the pattern of is the pattern of sound created by stressed and unstressed sound created by stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry.syllables in a line of poetry.

To mark parts with more emphasis a To mark parts with more emphasis a ( ´ )( ´ ) is usedis used

To mark parts with less emphasis a To mark parts with less emphasis a ( ˘ )( ˘ ) is usedis used

The pattern of sound that is being The pattern of sound that is being repeatedrepeated is the meter. is the meter.

““Forward, the Light Brigade!Forward, the Light Brigade!

Charge for the guns!” he said:Charge for the guns!” he said:

Into the valley of DeathInto the valley of Death

Rode the six hundredRode the six hundred

Sound (continued)Sound (continued)

The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lineslines is is repetitionrepetition. . The repeating of sounds, The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lineswords, phrases or lines is is repetitionrepetition. . The The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or linesrepeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is is repetitionrepetition. . The repeating of sounds, The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lineswords, phrases or lines is is repetitionrepetition. . The The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or linesrepeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is is repetitionrepetition. . The repeating of sounds, The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or lineswords, phrases or lines is is repetitionrepetition. . The The repeating of sounds, words, phrases or linesrepeating of sounds, words, phrases or lines is is repetitionrepetition..

Sound (continued)Sound (continued)

Alliteration is Alliteration is the repetition of the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning consonant sounds at the beginning of words.of words.

Listen to the repetition of sounds in Listen to the repetition of sounds in “then no one knows your name”“then no one knows your name”

Sound (continued)Sound (continued)

Onomatopoeia is Onomatopoeia is the use of words the use of words whose sounds suggest their whose sounds suggest their meanings, like buzz, pop, and click.meanings, like buzz, pop, and click.

Batman fight sceneBatman fight scene Assonance Assonance the repetition of vowel the repetition of vowel

sounds in words that don’t end with sounds in words that don’t end with the same consonant.the same consonant. Such as the Such as the owow in b in bowow and d and dowownn

Short AssignmentShort Assignment

Page 579Page 579 Complete both “Close Reads” in your Complete both “Close Reads” in your

fresh airfresh air

ImageryImagery Imagery Imagery refers to words and phrases refers to words and phrases

that appeal to the five sensesthat appeal to the five senses Poets use imagery to create a Poets use imagery to create a

picture in the reader’s mind or to picture in the reader’s mind or to remind the reader of a familiar remind the reader of a familiar sensationsensation

Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

Figurative language Figurative language conveys a conveys a meaning beyond the ordinary, literal meaning beyond the ordinary, literal meaningmeaning

Example: “I’m all ears”Example: “I’m all ears” Literal meaning is that the speaker Literal meaning is that the speaker

is made of ears.is made of ears. The figurative meaning is that the The figurative meaning is that the

speaker is ready to listen.speaker is ready to listen.

Figurative Language Figurative Language (cont.)(cont.)

When a poet describes an animal or When a poet describes an animal or object as if it were human or had human object as if it were human or had human qualitiesqualities, that is , that is personificationpersonification..

They that had fought so well They that had fought so well

Came thro’ the jaws of Death,Came thro’ the jaws of Death,

Back from the mouth of Hell,Back from the mouth of Hell,

All that was left of them,All that was left of them,

Left of six hundred.Left of six hundred.

Where’s the personification?

SimileSimile

A comparison that uses the word A comparison that uses the word likelike or or asas..

Example: “His hair is like dry hay”Example: “His hair is like dry hay” ““She walked into my office like a She walked into my office like a

centipede with 98 missing legs”centipede with 98 missing legs”

MetaphorMetaphor

A comparison that does not use A comparison that does not use like or aslike or as..

Example: “Example: “He was eager to help but He was eager to help but his legs were rubber”his legs were rubber”

AssignmentAssignment

““Lineage”Lineage” Page 581Page 581 Read and answer “Close Read” in fresh Read and answer “Close Read” in fresh

airair