PREPARED BY

K.G.MALLIKARJUN

VICE PRINCIPAL

JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA

PRABHAT PATTAN

BETUL DISTRICT (M.P.)

CAUSES

SYMPTOMS

STATISTICS

TREATMENT

PRECAUTIONS

PREVENTION

CONTROL MEASURES

BIBILOGRAPHY

CAUSES:

Filariasis is a parasitic disease of the tropics. Microscopic,

threadlike worms called, filaria, cause the disease. The worm can be

up to 20 inches long. The adult female worm releases microfilaria to

be ingested by mosquitoes, gnats and flies. These insects then

transmit the infection into human’s blood and lymphatic vessels.

The lymph system maintains your body’s fluid balance and fights

infections. Once the worm is in the lymphatic vessels they grow to

adults. The worm mates and release millions of microscopic worms

in the blood.

Symptoms appear 5-18 months after the infected insect bite.

Filariasis is not life threatening but can permanently damage the

lymph system and kidneys. Fluid collects causing swelling, scarring

and infections in the arms, breasts, legs and for men, the genital

area. The name of this swelling is lymph edema. People with the

disease can suffer pain, disfigurement and sexual disability. The

swelling of the decreased function of the lymph system make it

difficult for the body to fight germs and infections. It will have more

bacterial infections in the skin and lymph system. This causes

hardening and thickening of the skin, which is referred to as

elephantiasis

Name of

DiseaseOrganism Vector Region

Malayan

filariasis

Brugia

malayiMosquito

South and East Asia, adjacent

islands

Timor

filariasis

Brugia

timoriMosquito Savu Sea Islands

Bancroft's

filariasis

Wucheria

bancroftiMosquito

Widespread - tropical areas of

Africa, Asia, Pacific, Central and

South America, and the Caribbean

Ozzard

filariasis

Mansonella

ozzardiBlack fly

Middle and South America,

Caribbean

Perstans

filariasis

Mansonella

perstansMidge

Tropical Africa, middle and South

America

Streptocer

ciasis

Mansonella

streptocercaMidge Central and western Africa

BANCROFT’S FILARIASIS MALAYAN FILARIASIS

TIMOR FILARIASIS OZZARD FILARIASIS

0ZZARD FILARIASIS

• Put more than a billion people at risk

• Elephantiasis is spread into 73 countries

• 43 million of them are seriously affected

• ⅓ live in Africa

• ⅓ live in India

• The remainder live in southeast Asia and the pacific and America

• In epidemic communities up to 10 – 50% of men are susceptible

• 10% of women are susceptible

• Appears in adult men 75% of the time

• 10-50% of men suffer from genital damage

• Swelling of entire leg, arm or breast occurs in more than 10% of

an epidemic community

• 14% of average incidence

Medicine kills circulating larvae and adult worms:

1. SURAMIN

> Very effective but high toxic

> Cause immediate nausea and anaphylactic shock

2. IVERMECTIN

> Effective for most species and less toxic

> Fever myalgia, headache, sore throat and cough

3. DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE

> Fever , malaise and headaches occur

> Side effects are increased with the number of worms in system

4. Parasite will be killed but effects may be irreversible.

5. Soap and water reduces infection as well as anti-bacterial cream.

6. Elevate and Exercise helps to reduce swelling.

No Vaccine available.

Occurs mostly in the tropical poor countries

Difficult to prevent transmission.

Nets and repellent may control mosquitoes.

Medical advice should be sought immediately if

infection is suspected.

Stay inside between dusk and dark.

When outside wear long pants and long – sleeved

shirts.

Sleep under a mosquito net.

•Remove stagnant pools of water near your home

•If traveling abroad, use mosquito nets treated with permethrin around your

bed.

•Use a flying insect killer spray to rid your sleeping area of these dangerous

insects.

•Outdoors, use a Deet insect Repellent on your skin, and permethrin

insecticide on your clothing. This combination has been proven to be almost

100% effective in preventing mosquito bites.

STAGINANT POOL SPRAY MOSQUITO NET MOSQUITO REPELLENT

• Farmer education on the proper management of agrochemicals

•Promotion of ecological farming practices and replacement of

chemical pest and disease control by integrated pest and disease

management(IPM).

•Better control of sales of banned pesticides.

•Introducing of cheap protective clothing and equipment.

•Monitoring of residues of agrochemicals in ground water.

1. MICROSOFT ENCARTA

2. BRITANNICA 2001.

3. www.ecureme.com

4. www.niaid.nih.gov

5. www.who.int

6. www.knowledgebank.irri.org

7. www.itcilo.it

Elephantiasis (or) filariasisPRESENTED BY: K.G.MALLIKARJUN

JNV PRABHAT PATTAN,

BETUL (M.P.).

SPECIAL THANKS :1.NVS(HR), BHOPAL

2. Sri.B.D.RAMTEKE,

PRINCIPAL

JNV,BETUL(M.P.)

3. Sri B.SUDHEER, FCSA

4. JNV STAFF,

BETUL (M.P.)

ALL THE COPY ® 2005 RESERVED

END OF THE PRESENTATION