elmenreich interoperability between smart and legacy devices in energy management systems
TRANSCRIPT
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Interoperability Between Smartand Legacy Devices in Energy Management Systems
Networked and Embedded Systems
Wilfried Elmenreich | 2015-09-28Workshop Energieinformatik45. GI-Jahrestagung "Informatik, Energie und Umwelt"
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Overview
• Home Energy Management System Architecture
• Smart Devices• Non-intrusive load monitoring for legacy
device integration• Modeling device profiles and load models
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Main reference
D. Egarter, A. Monacchi, T. Khatib, and W. Elmenreich. Integration of legacy appliances into home energy management systems. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 2015.
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1406.3252
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Possible components of an (H)EMS
• Smart Meter– Measures overall energy consumption in real time
• Smart Appliances– Is able to communicate its power consumption, future
operation– Can cooperatively switch off/on
• Legacy electric devices• Gateway
– Interconnection/Interoperability– Can run additional applications
• Human Computer Interface (HCI)
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HEMS architecture
Wilfried Elmenreich
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Smart Appliances
• A smart appliance consists of– a communication interface– a local processing and decision unit– the appliance's actual function
• Smart plug concept– plug with measurement, control and
communication features(+) Unified communication interface(-) Missing knowledge about device condition
• Embedded intelligent control– measurement, control and communication integrated with
device(+) Device parameters (e.g., fridge temperature) can be considered for control decisions(-) Different implementations of data structures and access
Self-Organizing Smart Microgrids
Wilfried Elmenreich
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Data Management
• Modeling– Building information– Building automation and description– User information and preferences– Energy management– Weather models– Sensors
• Interfaces and Query languages– Semantic web mechanisms– SPARQL Protocol and Query Language (SPARQL)– C-SPARQL, SPARQLstream, EP-SPARQL, CQELS for dynamic
systems
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Appliance and Description Model
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Integration of Legacy Devices
• From data management view– Device stub provides a unique
mapping of all devices• How to provide input from device side?
– Smart applicance– Smart outlet– Legacy devices?
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Power consumption as information
• A power draw is an information, e.g. on/off– Aggregated power draw measured at smart meter
– Need to disaggregate power draws Non-Intrusive load monitoring
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Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring
Wilfried Elmenreich
P
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Find out which com-bination of power pro-files match measuredpower consumption.
PP
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Measure the overall power consumption
over time
1.
2.
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• Knapsack problem base approach• NP-hard problem
• Used metaheuristic algorithms• Evolutionary algorithm• Differential Evolution• Particle swarm optimization• Firefly optimization• Cuckoo search optimization• Simulated annealing
Metaheuristic-based NILM
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Particle Filter Based Load DisaggregationPALDI
off
on
100W
0W
off
on
300W
0W
5Woff
on1
on2
0W
1000W
x1t-1 x1t x1t+1
yt-1 yt yt+1
x2t-1
x3t-1
x2t
x3t
x2t+1
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Appliance model Fractional hidden markov model – Household model
Aggregated power load
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• Using a dataset of power draws from measurement campaign• Dataset GREEND• Households in Austria, Italy• 1s measurement frequency, active power
• PALDI algorithm• NILM based on FHMM
• Modeling device profiles and identification models• Protégé tool• Ontologie Web Language
Evaluation
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Example of power readings from GREEND
Wilfried Elmenreich
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• Load disaggregation• Ground truth vs. estimated
Results – Load identification
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• Grouped appliances
Results – Multiple metering points
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Results – Device Profile
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Results – Load Identification Model
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Summary
• The smart home energy management systems needs– Smart appliances– Automated device integration– Support for legacy devices
• To support this, we provide– Applications for saving energy– NILM device detection– Load identification based on machine-readable device descriptions
• Cost/benefit of home energy management system?– Need for integration with other services (Ambient Assisted Living)– Possible via applications operating on the same data and interfaces
• Case study shows load disaggregation and classification• Future plan to integrate features into MJÖLNIR (open source HEMS)
Wilfried Elmenreich
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Thank you very much for your attention!
Questions andcomments are welcome!
D. Egarter, A. Monacchi, T. Khatib, and W. Elmenreich. Integration of legacy appliances into home energy management systems. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, 2015.
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1406.3252
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Further References
• Andrea Monacchi, Dominik Egarter, Wilfried Elmenreich, Salvatore D'Alessandro, Andrea M. Tonello. GREEND: An Energy Consumption Dataset of Households in Italy and Austria. arXiv:1405.3100, 2014.
• D. Egarter and W. Elmenreich. EvoNILM - Evolutionary appliance detection for miscellaneous household appliances. In Proc. of the Green and Efficient Energy Applications of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation at the 2013 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2013 GreenGEC). July 2013.
• A. Monacchi and W. Elmenreich. Insert-coin: turning the household into a prepaid billing system. In Poster Abstract, 5th ACM Workshop On Embedded Systems For Energy-Efficient Buildings. ACM, November 2013
• A. Monacchi, W. Elmenreich, Salvatore D'alessandro, and A. Tonello. Strategies for domestic energy conservation in carinthia and friuli-venezia giulia. In Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2013). IEEE, November 2013.
Wilfried Elmenreich
http://www.monergy-project.eu/