embryology of the ovary - medical university of south … of reproduction/bor pdfs 2… ·...
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Embryology of the OvaryBiology of Reproduction
ZOO 4926Spring 2008
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Outline1. Origin and migration of primordial germ cells2. Formation of basic gonad architecture3. Proliferation of oogonia and formation of
syncytium4. Oogenesis and Folliculogenesis
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Red= origin of primordial germ cells inmultiple species
Origin and migration ofprimordial germ cells
(similar in almost all animals)
3-week human
4-week human
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Female Male
Formation of basicgonad architecture
1. Germ cells2. Somatic gonad derived cells3. Mesonephros derived cells
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8 weekhuman
7 weekhuman
Medulla: inner part Cortex: outermost layer
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16-20 weekhuman
20-24 weekhuman
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4 month human
Proliferation ofoogonia and formation
of syncytium
Syncytium: a large cell-likestructure filled with cytoplasm
containing many nuclei.
Cytokinesis: the processwhereby the cytoplasm of a single
cell is divided to spawn twodaughter cells
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Meiotic prophase I
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http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/images/week1/ovary/oocytenumber.jpg
Programmed germ celldeath is normal and
frequent
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Folliculogenesis: maturation of a ovarian follicle
Oogenesis: creation and differentiation of an ovum
Embryonicdevelopment
Embryonicdevelopment
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Meiotic prophase I
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MeioticProphase I
Leptotene: Chromosomes condense andhomologs begin to align,
Zygotene: Full homologous chromosomesalignment, “synapsis” forming “tetrads” (4N)
Pachytene: Crossing over occurs, though notvisible
Diplotene: Homologous chromosomes pullapart, but stay connected a chiasmata
•Diapause arrest of meiosis until puberty•However, mRNA is synthesized and stored
Interphase: DNA replication 2N->4NFormation of sister chromatids
www.answers.com/topic/meiosis
Cyst Breakdown, Follicle Formation &
Recombination
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Cys
t Bre
akdo
wn,
Fo
llicle
For
mat
ion
& R
ecom
bina
tion
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Chiasmata:Visual evidence of crossing-over,
genetic recombination
Lampbrush Chromosome:“Open” DNA structure overtly
transcribing mRNA in adiapause oocyte