Emergency Management Education: A Status Report

Body of Knowledge & Higher Education Program Report

Carol L. CwiakNorth Dakota State University

Many thanks to Dr. Blanchard and Barbara Johnson for all

they do for our community on a day-to-day basis!

Thank You!

Thank you members ofthe Hi Ed

Community for your

participation!

Methodology

Invitation to participate in the online survey sent via email to all institutions on the FEMA Hi Ed webpage offering emergency management programs

One survey per institution Up to four requests for participation Initial solicitation April 19…accepted surveys through May 28

Methodology

Institutions solicited 140

Responses received 58

Response rate 41%

Institution increase from 2009: + 11 Still issues with repetitively non-responsive

institutions – contacts need updating

Methodology

58 surveys completed, but response n varies

This presentation is merely a brief summary of this year’s data collection

The full report will be posted on the Hi Ed website in the Surveys section:

http://www.training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu/surveys.asp

Students and Graduates7,730 Number of students that

graduated this year (extrapolated from response of 3,414/44%)

13,400 Number of students reached by EM

program courses - includes enrolled students (extrapolated from response of

5,494/41%)

2,029 Number of students that graduated this year (extrapolated from response of 832/41%)

11, 319 Number of students that have

graduated to-date from EM programs to date (current extrapolation added to 2009 figure of 9,290)

Students

60%40%

MalesFemales

n = 52

39%61%

NoYes

Employment Tracking

Number of programs that track what percentage of

their graduates have moved into

emergency management

oriented positions in the workplace in either the public or private sector

n = 57

24%

19%19%

38%19%

31%

34%

16%

0-25%

26-50%

51-75%

Morethan75%n = 32

Number of Graduates Who MoveInto EM-Oriented Positions

n = 21

Do not track employment Do track employment(estimated)

Programs Reported Doctoral

Concentration, 2Masters Concentration, 8

Doctoral, 5

Masters, 16

Bachelor, 14Grad Certificate, 12

Undergrad Concentration, 6

Associate, 14 Minor, 4

Undergrad Certificate, 25

106 programs reported

n=58

Programs –Years in Existence

25%

44%7%

24%

1 year or less

2-5 years

6-10 years

More than 10 years

51% of all reporting programs in existence for 5 years or less

New Programs

15 institutions reported plans to

develop a new program over the

next year

Types of new programs: M.S., A.S., Minor, Certificate Focus/Concentration/Emphasis

GIS, Meteorology, Search and RescueDisaster Mental HealthHomeland Security & Defense/TerrorismBusiness ContinuityPublic Policy Emergency Service

Going online with curriculum

Program Focus

66%

2%32% Public

PrivateOtherBoth

Global Business Continuity Public Health School Crisis Management Critical Infrastructure All EM markets – public/private

n = 53

Program Purpose

70%

13%17% Pre-employAdvanceBothOther

Existing EM practitioners seeking degree Military wanting to segue into field Non-profit sector/humanitarian assistance Undergrad focus - pre-employment/grad focus - advancement Advancement for fire and police chiefs

n = 54

Faculty Representation

Full-time Faculty

None 5% *1 41%2 22%3-10 32%

n = 37*

Part-time Faculty

None 8% 1 6%2-5 46%6-10 29%11-80 11%

Faculty Representation

n = 48

Associated Faculty

None 27% 1 15%2-5 46%6-10 8%11-50 4%

n = 26

Faculty Representation

Full-time Faculty Devoted to Program

None 37% 1 37%2 13%3 7%4-7 6%

n = 52

New Hires?

Did not attempt to hire 59%Attempted to hire, but did not hire 9%Hired new faculty 32%

17 institutions - 55 new hires Full-time 6 Part-time 49 Offering courses via distance ed 43

New Hires

n = 54

Programs Offering Distance Education

76%Yes

24%No

n = 54

Percentage of Offerings Available -Distance Education

n= 40

10%

28% 62%

100%50-99%1-49%

27%

15%

17%

41%100%50-99%1-49%0

Percentage of Offerings Available – Only via Distance Education

n= 41

29% of overall respondents reported all coursework was delivered only via distance education

Technology-based Instruction

n= 52

Technology Number ofInstitutions

TeachingGIS 28Hazus 16Web EOC/ Other web-based EOC system 22Social networking 19Media software 16Other (LMS, Blackboard, 2nd Life, Web Tycho) 8None 5

Enrollment and Graduation Trends

0

20

40

60

80

100

Enrollment -Past 3 years

Enrollment -Next 3 Years

Graduations -Past 3 Years

Graduations -Next 3 Years

Increase No Change Decrease

n = 53 n = 52 n = 50 n = 51

70%

23%

7%

77%

20%

3%

65%

31%

4%

76%

21%

3%

Principles of Emergency Management

Awareness

96%Yes

4%No

Utilization

88%Yes

12%No

n = 52 n = 52

Principles are used in varying degrees across a wide variety of courses, both as course content and to structure courses

Resource Utilization

020406080

100

Utilization

EMI ISPrototypeHi Ed

n = 52

56%

12%

46%

EMI IS Courses

97%

3%

Use as a supplement

Use alone

n = 29

Disaster Response Operations & Management (15) Principles & Practice of Hazard Mitigation (10) Social Dimensions of Disaster (9) Terrorism & Emergency Management (9) Hazard Mapping & Modeling (9) Principles & Practice of Emergency Management (8) NIMS (working draft) (8) Building Disaster Resilient Communities (7) Business & Industry Crisis Management (7) Public Administration & Emergency Management (7) Homeland Security & Emergency Management (7)

Hi Ed Courses

Hi Ed Courses - Accolades

Availability Free of charge Assignment ideas Concise, focused, useful, complete Good starting point & background

information Helpful for course design Can be used in parts - don’t need to use entire

courseContain relevant research & provide class

activities

Access & Support Indicators: External Funding

Access to external funding opportunities to support your program (e.g., grants, contracts, etc.)

n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: Institutional Funding

Access to institutional funding (e.g., stipends to develop courses/materials)

n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: Library Resources

Access to library resources (e.g., ability to obtain new holdings)

n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: Institutional Administrative Support

Institutional administrative support (e.g., support attempts to develop and implement new program ideas)

n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: Local EM Community Support

Local emergency management community support (e.g., county and regional)

n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: State EM Community Support

State emergency management community support (e.g., state level agency and state professional organization)

n = 50

Access & Support Indicators: National EM Community Support

National emergency management professional community support (e.g., IAEM, NEMA, EMPOWER, etc.)

n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: FEMA-specific Support

FEMA-specific support (e.g., Hi Ed Program, EMI, etc.)

n = 51

Access & Support Indicators: DHS-specific Support

DHS-specific support (e.g., overarching DHS programs & agencies within DHS other than FEMA-specific support)

n = 49

Table 2- Representation Across Program Level

Access/Support n MeanStd.

Deviation

Access to external funding opportunities to support your program(e.g., grants, contracts, etc.)

51 3.76 2.83

Access to institutional funding (e.g., stipends to develop courses/materials)

51 4.18 2.75

Access to library resources (e.g., ability to obtain new holdings)

51 7.75 1.97

Institutional administrative support (e.g., support attempts to develop & implement new program ideas)

51 6.04 2.77

Local emergency management community support (e.g., county and regional)

51 7.02 2.65

State emergency management community support (e.g., state-level agency & state professional organization)

50 5.92 2.86

National emergency management professional community support (e.g., IAEM, NEMA, EMPOWER, etc.)

51 5.16 2.61

FEMA-specific support (e.g., Higher Education Program, EMI, etc.)

51 6.80 2.55

DHS-specific support (e.g., overarching DHS programs & agencies within DHS other than FEMA-specific support)

49 4.08 2.60

The Top Challenges Facing Emergency Management Programs

1. Funding Programs, faculty, research, students, travel

2. Faculty Ph.D., qualified, higher quality, research ability

The Top Challenges Facing Emergency Management Programs

3. Jobs Limited number of jobs, build and maintain good job

market, stronger job placement

4. Enrollment/recruitment Higher quality students, better marketing, increased competition

Qualifications and Characteristics for Director of FEMA Hi Ed Program

Clone Dr. Blanchard Holds a Ph.D. Experience- academic: classroom & administrative Experience- practitioner and ties to the field Knowledge of the literature Dedication to EM Appreciation of the value of Hi Ed Fully committed to FEMA ideals Collaborative approach with partners Stakeholder awareness

Qualifications and Characteristics for Director of FEMA Hi Ed Program

Understanding of the private sector Understands FEMA & FEMA/DHS disconnect Leadership skills Advocacy for EM as a profession Big picture viewpoint Ability to do and understand research Evidence of scholarship Strong communication skills Change agent – progressive thinker Strong advisory relationship

Qualifications and Characteristics for Director of FEMA Hi Ed Program

Politically astute, but not a politician Charismatic, outgoing, enthusiastic, energetic Ability to move bureaucracies Ability to work with ambiguity

Body of Knowledge Methodology

Following up on Body of Knowledge from prior years

This year program POCs were surveyed as part of the Hi Ed survey

The survey instrument asked for the top ten EM “must reads”

Very limited responses

Body of Knowledge Methodology

20 responses received that actually listed books

Of these 20, only 1 respondent listed 10 items

Most respondents provided one to four selections

POC frame problematic – defer to faculty

List of top seven provides all readings that were mentioned more than three times

Practitioner List 2009 Academic List 2008 Practitioner List 2007 Academic List 2006

1 Principles of Emergency Management (Blanchard, et al.)

Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell) Living with Hazards,Dealing with Disaster (Waugh)

Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti)

2 NIMS Introduction to Emergency Management(Haddow & Bullock)

Emergency Management:Principles and Practice for Local Government (Drabek & Hoetmer)

Introduction to Emergency Management(Haddow & Bullock)

3 NFPA 1600 Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) Emergency Management: Concepts and Strategies for Effective Programs (Canton)

Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin)

Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti)

Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the U.S. (Tierney, Lindell, Perry)

4 NRF* Introduction to Emergency Management (Lindell, Prater & Perry)

FEMA-IS 100/200 –ICS 300, 400 & 402

Living with Hazards,Dealing with Disaster (Waugh)

5 Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti)

The 9/11 Commission Report The 9/11 Commission Report The 9/11 Commission Report

6 Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin)

Emergency Management Principles and Practices for Local Government (Waugh & Tierney)

NIMS Disasters & Democracy (Platt)

7 Emergency Management:Principles and Practice for Local Government (Drabek & Hoetmer)*

Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell)

At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability & Disasters (Wisner, et al.) Disaster Response and Recovery (McEntire)

Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the U.S. (Tierney, Lindell, Perry)

Living with Hazards, Dealing with Disasters (Waugh)

NRF*

Technology in Emergency Management (Pine)

NRP* NIMS

Academic List 2010 Practitioner List 2009 Academic List 2008 Practitioner List 2007

1 Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti)

Principles of Emergency Management (Blanchard, et al.)

Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell) Living with Hazards,Dealing with Disaster (Waugh)

2 Introduction to Emergency Management(Lindell, Prater & Perry)

NIMS Introduction to Emergency Management(Haddow & Bullock)

Emergency Management:Principles and Practice for Local Government (Drabek & Hoetmer)

3 Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the U.S. (Tierney, Lindell, Perry)

NFPA 1600 Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti) Emergency Management: Concepts and Strategies for Effective Programs (Canton)

Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin)

Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti)

4 Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin)

NRF* Introduction to Emergency Management (Lindell, Prater & Perry)

FEMA-IS 100/200 –ICS 300, 400 & 402

5 Disaster Policy & Politics (Sylves) Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Disasters in the U.S. (Mileti)

The 9/11 Commission Report The 9/11 Commission Report

6 Emergency Management: Concepts and Strategies for Effective Programs (Canton)

Emergency Management: The American Experience (Rubin)

Emergency Management Principles and Practices for Local Government (Waugh & Tierney)

NIMS

7 Worst Cases (Clarke)

Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell)

Emergency Management:Principles and Practice for Local Government (Drabek & Hoetmer)*

Emergency Planning (Perry & Lindell)

At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability & Disasters (Wisner, et al.) Disaster Response and Recovery (McEntire)

Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the U.S. (Tierney, Lindell, Perry)

Living with Hazards, Dealing with Disasters (Waugh)

NRF*

Technology in Emergency Management (Pine)

NRP*

Calls, letters, emails, visits, gifts…

Carol L. Cwiak, J.D., Ph.D.Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Emergency ManagementNorth Dakota State UniversityNDSU Dept. 2350P.O. Box 6050Fargo, ND 58108-6050(701) 231-5847carol.cwiak@ndsu.eduwww.ndsu.edu/ndsu/em