emerging food chemical safety and nutrition safety issues

8/11/2019 Emerging Food Chemical Safety and Nutrition Safety Issues

1/23

Emerging Food Chemical Safety and NutritionSafety Issues :

Drivers of Change

Stakeholder Panel on Strategic Food Analytical Methods

(SPSFAM)

Samuel Godefroy, Ph.D.

Director General,Food Directorate,Health Canada


2/23

2

Outline

Current trends influencing food safety emerging

issues:

Complexity of food supply chains

Globalisation and its consequences:Economically motivated adulteration

Current and emerging food chemical safety

challenges:

Continued emphasis on process-induced chemicals

Chemicals used in conjunction with food production

Food Allergen management : A continued concern

Nutrition Safety: an increasingly important field


3/23

3

Trends Influencing Emerging Issues

The Food Supply Chain remains amongst

the most complex industrial supply chains


4/23

4


Foods are amongst the most traded commodities

Local Food Supply Global Food Supply


5/23

5

35Products

60Countries

5 Continents

..... In 1 Box

This Man Delivers

Exerpt : Presentation by Dr. Paul Brent - FSANZ


6/23

6

In Just One Pizza!

Dough And then the toppings.......

Canada, USA

France, UK, Poland, USA Cheese from......

Yeast Chicken from................

UK, Ireland, Germany Chilli Peppers from .......

Salt Anchovies from............

UK, France, China Pepperoni from............

Sugar Vegetables from ..........

Brazil, Indonesia, Jamaica

Philippines

Tomato paste

Greece, France, Netherlands

Herbs

Greece, Italy, spain

Kenya, Asia, Tanzania,

Morocco

Exerpt : Presentation by Dr. Paul Brent - FSANZ


7/23

7

Globalization and CanadaLocal Issues

National Issues


8/23

8

Information age


9/23

9

Impact of Globalisation is further expressed in the

context of some emerging issues such asEconomically Motivated Adulteration (EMA)


10/23

10

Econmically Motivated

Adulteration (EMA) Fraudulent, intentional substitution or addition of

a substance in a product for the purpose ofincreasing the apparent valueof the product or

reducing the cost of its production, i.e., for

economic gain (US FDA working definition) =

Food Fraud

Intended not to be detected, therefore, typically

does not result in public health consequences

(Everstine and Kennedy, NCFPD, March 2012)


11/23

11

Types of EMA

Dilution

Substitution (Europe Horse Meat issue, 2013 ;

Sudan dyes in spices/Chil i)

Artificially increasing weight

Transshipment, disguising true country-of-origin

Port shopping

Mislabell ing, counterfeit, etc.Spink and Moyer, JFS Vol.76, No. 9, 2011)

When EMA turns bad , health repercussions can

be expected


12/23

12

EMA and Analytical Needs

- Chemical Methods for

unknown analytes /Adulterants

- Methods enabling

food authentication


13/23

13

Examples EMA incidents reported in the US

(Everstine et al. 2013)


14/23

14

Food Chemical Safety incidents continue to undermine consumerconfidence

Food Chemicals Scare


15/23

15

Generally managed through :

ALARA pr inciple : As low as reasonably achievable

approach

Codes of Practiceto reduce likelihood of formation

Advice to consumers on food preparation tips : e.g

reduct ion of acrylamide in home made fries, baked

toasts

Not deliberately introduced

Unexpected occurrence as a result

of processing

Levels may be considered ofconcern although limited

epidemiological data

Multiplication of incidence as a

result of improved analytical

capabilities : Chloropropanols (e.g.

3 MCPD), Ethyl-Carbamate,Acrylamide, Furan, Benzene in soft

drinks etc

Process-Induced Chemicals

Process Induced Chemicals : ability to detect exceed our ability

to characterise potential health effect


16/23

16

Analytical methods are required:

to identify chemical

to understand formation pathways

to monitor effectiveness of efforts of mitigation /

reduction e.g., to support establishment of

sentinel levels or maximum levels as required

Not deliberately introduced

Unexpected occurrence as a result

of processing

Levels may be considered ofconcern although limited

epidemiological data

Multiplication of incidence as a

result of improved analytical

capabilities : Chloropropanols (e.g.

3 MCPD), Ethyl-Carbamate,Acrylamide, Furan, Benzene in soft

drinks etc

Process-Induced Chemicals

Process Induced Chemicals : ability to detect exceed our ability

to characterise potential health effect


17/23

17

Changing food production practices:

Innovation in the food sector is leading to the emergence of novelprocessing aids, incidental additives and additives used in conjunction withfood production

Most significant change expected in food packaging practices e.g.emergence of new materials : nanotechnoologies etc..

Changes in levels of oversight related to introduction of preventivecontrol requirements : possibly affecting substances that had, until

now, lower oversight e.g. packaging applications

Uneven oversight,

Limited guidance

Limited predictability for the industry sector

Chemicals used in conjunction of food production


18/23

18


Climate Change :

Different Patterns of

Natural toxins

Pathogens

Novel crops : e.g. drought resistant


19/23

19


Changing Consumer demands / Interests :

Foods with added health benefits

Industry is introducing more functional foods: Include biologically active ingredients

Making health claims

With added vitamins and minerals

Development of a new sector of foods for

targeted populations:

Gluten free foods

Formulated Liquid diet and other foods


20/23

20


21/23

21

Continuing areas of concern

Continued focus on food allergies:

Food allergen-related incidents are topping food recalls inCanada, the US and other OECD countries

Food allergen methods are still not fully standardised

Threshold levels are still to be developed and adopted

Continued focus on reduction of nutrients

linked / associated with chronic disease:

Sodium

Transfat


22/23

22

Emerging food safety issues

are to be supported by new

and evolving analytical

methods

Ability to foresee emerging

issues should encompass

foresight of analytical method

availabil ity and validation


23/23

23

emerging food chemical safety and nutrition safety issues

Documents