1. Emerging Technologies in Chemical Transportation & Emergency Response TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS Under Chemical Disaster Management at Mascot Hotel, Thiruvananthapuram on 24th and 25th November, 2010 by Harsh Pandya Infinity Consulting Pandya.ace@gmail.com 2. Overview of Chemical industry India has a robust chemical industry Most diversified of the industries covering more than 70,000 commercial products Accounts for about 17.6% in the output of manufacturing sector 13-14% of total exports 3% of GDP 3. Prime Mover Chemical industries receive/dispatch several raw material/products Modes for transport include Road trucks/tankers Pipelines (primarily used by oil and gas industry) Rail (primarily containerized cargo and petroleum products) Ships (receipt of raw material and dispatch of finished products) also involves other modes for transport to/from ports 4. Hazchem Transport Chemical transport includes both hazardous and non-hazardous cargo. Share of hazardous chemicals steadily increasing in total freight traffic Road transportation is of major concern Hazchem carrier when involved in an accident, could lead to : Fire Explosion Release of toxic vapours Release of corrosive chemicals Has potential to cause disaster Fatalities, injuries, damage to environment and property 5. Factors Contributing to transport Accidents Methods People Environment Not adjusting mirrors/seats Hurrying Slippery surface Not "Aiming High" in steering Poor attention span Narrow lane size Not utilizing a spotter when backing Pulling forward before stopping/looking Heavy traffic Not checking behind vehicle before backing Poor backing Unfamiliar area Not fastening the seat belt Left a running vehicle unattended Damaged road Tired Acute level difference at road shoulders Eating Vehicle mix Using cell phone/radio Obstructed view Blaring music Driving too fast for conditions 6. Accident Statistics of India : 1970 -2004 Source : Dept. of Road Transport & Highways 7. Facts & Figures India has just over 1% of the world vehicle population These vehicles have a whooping 6%share of the global road accidents Which also contribute to over a third (34%) of fatalities world over Almost 50 accidents every hour Leading to 11 fatalities and 53 injuries every hour 8. Response Centre Dilemma Caller is unable to provide proper information Driver/Owner try to hide the facts/real cause/sometimes even cargo. Potential Danger is under estimated OR overlooked due to lack of knowledge. Unavailable/ Poor Emergency Services Language mis-match between the caller and the person manning the response center Gathering of curious onlookers add to the problem at hand 9. Different cargo EIP Driver Missing/u nable to communi cate Curious Onlookers Traffic Jam - Difficulty for Emergency vehicles to reach Difficulty in cordoning/ evacuation Problems Faced by First Responders 10. Issues in a nutshell Technology/Infra Very high rate of accidents, injuries, fatalities Lack of infrastructure Poor assimilation of modern Technology Poor facilities at existing response centers Overlapping legislations 11. Issues in a nutshell Administrative Lack of awareness amongst enforcement agencies regarding provisions related to hazardous chemical transportation Lack of enforcement of available legislative tools Driver training and awareness Sensitization of first responders Police, Fire and Medical Sensitization of general population Absence of Hazardous Chemical Transport Accident reporting and investigation system 12. Technology Solutions Infrastructure Roads, On-Road facilities, Signage Road improvement activity to be taken up on priority Identify accident prone zones Display appropriate signage's Dedicated transport corridors Substantial improvement in road travel after construction of GQ Provide facilities such as crane/ambulance at specific intervals (NHAI already has on certain stretches) Plan city/town by-pass Provide adequate and safe parking options with rest areas for the drivers Decongestion of traffic intersections flyovers, removal of encroachments Smart signals divert traffic on alternate routes for decongestion and emergency response 13. Technology Solutions Infrastructure Response centers - Health Using GIS techniques map the National and State highways Overlay the location of Major hospitals state-wide including DH, SDH, CHC and major private hospitals Establish Trauma-Center norms Identify gaps and evaluate cost to cover the gap Form a PPP model for upgradation, operation & maintenance 14. Ambulances Light beacons Siren GPS PA system Mobile phone Digital camera Intercom Inverter Side lights FM radio and CD player Pilot cabin also A/C 15. Interiors A/c Defibrillator with multipara monitor Ventilator Mini refrigerator Storage spaces EMT Seat Oxygen delivery system Foot operated wash basin 5 types of stretchers Fire extinguisher Extrication equipment 16. Technology Solutions Infrastructure Response centers - ERC On the available GIS map of National and State highways locate the available ERCs Overlay the location of first responders - police stations, Fire stations and major industries Mark locations of DHQ Establish benchmarks based on number of chemical industries and broad extent of chemical cargo movement along the corridors in the vicinity Draw circles of 25/50 Km from potential response centers Identify blank areas and plan to establish ERCs/Upgrade existing facilities at the response centers 17. Technology Solutions Infrastructure Response System Hazmat Van Advanced fire-fighting facilities Temporary area lighting facilities flood lights (flame proof POL Service) Spill containment/mop-up/coverage systems Use of appropriate PPEs Procurement of advanced PPEs 18. Hazmat Van 19. Hazmat Van 20. Spill Containment 21. Sealing, Dyking, Isolation 22. Sealing, Dyking, Isolation 23. Cordoning, Traffic Management 24. Use of regular and Advanced PPEs 25. Technology Solutions GIS in Transport Planning GPS enabled fleet Real-time tracking Also helpful in emergency response Technology readily available and used in India GIS Based Emergency Planning & Response Development of Highway DMPs for vulnerable stretches expanded to cover all NH/SH Regular conduct of Mock Drills 26. GIS in Transport Planning Develop GIS maps of cities/towns/UAs Overlay existing routes Estimate existing chemical cargo movement Explore traffic restriction on certain hours of the day allowed only between 10pm and 6 am Night time permission allows easy movement of heavy vehicles as well as response vehicles, if need be Lesser impact on people as indoors on the negative difficult for area evacuation and getting prompt response Technology Solutions 27. GIS in Transport Planning Explore alternate routes avoiding Cities/towns/UAs Till the time alternate routes constructed, using GIS plan the best fit option using constraint mapping Based on identified routes communicate to stakeholders Technology Solutions 28. Administrative Solutions Department of Hazchem Transport Management under State Police to be set up for imparting : Comprehensive training for staff issuing fitness certificates regarding design codes, their requirement for the inherent safety of the container and the vehicle, etc. Comprehensive training of the inspectors regarding the applicable legal requirements Training for the inspectors regarding the Hazardous chemicals so as to make them understand the consequences of non-compliance and the extent of possible damage in case of an accident involving hazardous chemical carrier. Specific training on handling and transport of non petroleum cargo Recording and analyzing transportation accident data 29. MODIFICATION / HARMONISATION OF RULES List of Hazardous Chemicals in different rules to be harmonized Accident Database mechanism needs to be devised and implemented Responsibility for Loading Leaky/Defective Tankers to be clearly defined in CMV Rules Number, specification and type of Fire Extinguishers & PPEs to be clearly specified and different rules to be harmonized. Administrative Solutions 30. Thank You