Emission control in Bulgaria

The involved institutions at national and local (sub-

national) levels in Emissions inventory are Ministry of

Environment and Water /MEW/ respectively EEA and REI, and National Institute of Statistics

 Two parallel emission inventory programs are conducted in

Bulgaria. The first one covers 150 large point sources and is

conducted by REI. The second one covers nearly 2000 point sources

and is conducted by National Institute of Statistics. Both are under the guidance of MEW.

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND WATERS

EXECUTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL

AGENCY

NATIONAL DATABASE

EMISSIONS MEASUREMENTS EMISSIONS INVENTORY

CORINAIR EMISSION FACTORS

NATIONAL STATISTIC INSTITUTE

REGIONAL INSPECTORATES OF ENVIRONMENT

150 LARGE POINT SOURCES

2000POINT SOURCES

 The data collected are air pollution control facilities and their efficiency, technological and production data, data for fuels used and fines imposed and estimated emissions, as well as the emission factors .

 In Bulgaria the emissions are calculated in relation with

CORINAIR - 94 methodology. Data from the emission inventory are

stored at local and national level. Local databases are created in the RIE and NSI. The both institutions

provide emission data to the National Database in EEA. The data are updated every year.

 Every year EEA provides the UN European Commission for Europe (UN-ECE) with SO2,

NO2, CH4, NMVOC, CO, NH3, Cd, Pb, Hg, PAH, PCBs, HCB, PCP, dioxins emissions data

from 11 activity sector groups.

The activity sector groups are public power, congeneration and district heating plants;

commercial, institutional and residential combustion; industrial combustion; production processes;

extraction and distribution of fossil fuels; solvent use; road

transport; other mobile sources and machinery; waste

treatment and disposal; agriculture and nature.

 EEA and REI conduct measurements of TSP, soot,

SO2, NO2 emissions and some other specific pollutants /CH4, NMVOC, Cd, Pb, Hg/ in order to

assess compliance with National Emission Standards. These measurements covered about 150 large point sources

according to the Bulgarian legislation. Additional 300 - 400

enterprises are measured.

 DIOXIN EMISSIONS

 Current DIOXIN emission inventory in Bulgaria is based

on emission factors taken from CORINAIR – 94 methodology,

but it is planned to improve the assessment of potential key sources by dioxin emissions

measurements

Policies and measures for dioxin emissions reduction

 Bulgaria has a National Environmental Strategy

adopted in 2001. One of the priority sectors in the National Strategy is reduction emission

of large combustion installations.It sets a target for reduction of the national dioxin

emissions according to the 1998 CLRTAP POPs Protocol

The National Environmental Strategy identifies following priority sectors for dioxin emissions reduction:1.Waste incineration;2. Metallurgical industry;3.Solid fuels residential heating.

 It is planned to be prepared a Persistent Organic Pollutants /POPs/ Strategy, which will be more specifically targeted to

dioxin issues.The National Program on Reduction of POPs

Emissions from Stationary Sources should be prepared by MEW before mid 2004. It will

set-up emission limit values to achieve dioxin emission

reductions.

The Directive 2000/76/EC has not been transposed yet.

The Bulgarian Ministry of Environment and Water envisages to transpose the Directive 2000/76/EC into the national legislation by mid 2003.

At the moment according to the Bulgarian Regulations on the

conditions and requirements for the construction and operation of municipal waste disposal facilities

and installations and on the conditions and requirements

hazardous waste treatment the concentration of dioxins in the flue gases [from waste incinerators for

any type of waste, including hospital] may not exceed 0.1 ng

TEQ/m3.

It’s already clear at present that the enforcement of this ELV has failed with regard to the existing

hospital and hazardous waste incinerators. As a result MOEW plans to extend the deadline for achieving compliance [with the

New Regulation transposing Directive 2000/76/EC which will be

adopted next year] to 2005 [for hazardous] and 2007 [for hospital

waste].

The IPPC Directive 96/61/EC has not been transposed into the national legislation. It is expected to be adopted till may 2003. It is intended to

extend the transitional period after 2007 for some existing industrial facilities to comply

with Best Available Technology. The transitional period may be

up to 5 years [until 2012]

Following the official statistics the biggest dioxin emission sources in Bulgaria are the

thermoelectric power plants, the domestic burning and the

industrial non-combustion processes

To date there are no dioxin limit values applied to

industrial sources. They will be applied since 2003 within the IPPC permitting procedure.

According to currently applied legislation dioxin measurements have to be performed at regulatory basis at:-Municipal waste incinerators - Regularly /2 times per year/-Hazardous waste incinerators - Regularly /2 times per year/-Hospital waste incinerators - Regularly /2 times per year/Waste co-incineration - Regularly /1 time per year/

At the moment Bulgaria has not laboratory (ies) which perform dioxin content determination in

samples (food, soil, liquid etc.)

The EEA’s and REI’s stack-testing groups may perform similar operation, but are still not accredited for the purpose

[according to the relevant QA/QC requirements].