EMMA, EMMA, BASROC,BASROC,Hadron Therapy Hadron Therapy and ADSRsand ADSRs

Roger BarlowSTFC Cockcroft ReviewFeb 11th 2009

EMMA EMMA World’s first non-scaling FFAG

under construction84 magnets, 19 RF cavities.

Accelerate electrons from 10 to 20 MeV in 16 turns

Funded through ‘Basic Technology’ scheme + FP7 Eucard

Being built here.On the tour later

Vision andVision andRealityReality

EMMA - completionEMMA - completionAlmost halfway through 4 year

programmeComponents ordered. Many (magnets,

cavities, vacuum) arrived and being checked out and preassembled onto girders.

Design of injection/extraction systems challenging but now complete.

On track to start commissioning November 2009

EMMA - operationsEMMA - operationsCommissioning 12 months

(nominal). Much to learn about new type of accelerator

Baseline configuration ❑Single energy injection and extraction

❑ Min and max energy run ❑ Lattice tuning ❑ Map tune and time of flight ❑ Accelerate single bunch ❑ Map longitudinal phase space ❑ Vary RF parameters and map

longitudinally ❑ Map transverse phase space

Additional configurations ❑ Vary time of flight

minimum on baseline ❑ Vary tune ❑ High efficiency lattice ❑ Repeat baseline

activities, possibly with different emphases

First proposal by Scott Berg

Need to co-exist with ALICENeed to plan / budget for running EMMA as research machine

nsFFAG advantages:nsFFAG advantages:

Superior to rapid cycling synchrotron and / or isochronous cyclotron from some applications

DC magnets – cheap, simpleVery rapid acceleration timeHigh currents (frequency+duty cycle)‘Amazingly generous’ acceptanceGood dynamic range (factor 4-5 in

momentum)Round beam pipe, reasonable diameterEssential for muon collider/ neutrino factory

BASROCBASROC

British Accelerator Science Radiation and Oncology Consortium

Aim: hadron therapy in the UK using an nsFFAG

Members: accelerator physicists, medical physicists, clinicians, industry… including many from Cockcroft and from John Adams Institute, from Churchill and Clatterbridge hospitals

Arrange meetings, workshops, co-operate in grant applications

First BASROC project, successful application to ‘Basic Technology’ schem

PAMELAPAMELADesign a medical nsFFAG

accelerator for hadron therapy, at the level where it can be proposed to the NHS/MRC

Pool of people from Oxford, Lancaster, Cockcroft etc: machine designers+magnets+RF+clinical input

ApplicationsApplicationsCell dosimetry (Surrey) to

validate proton/hadron deposition as method for killing tumour cells

Next generation dedicated muon source for μSR (Huddersfield, at Cockcroft)

ADSRs…

ADSRsADSRsEnergy Amplifier (and similar)

concept has been around a long time – why no progress?

Accelerator is weak point: ~10 mA at ~1 GeV with very high reliability

nsFFAG could be the answer: simple(=reliable), high current, relativistic energy…

ThorEAThorEAWorkshops on FFAG/ADSR were popular –

ADSR08 followed on from FFAG08 at Manchester.

Evolved into ThorEA research association: more workshops and co-operative grant bids. www.thorea.org

Mix of institutes and disciplines, research and industry

Grants fromEPSRC – Leeds+ManchesterEPSRC – CambridgeSTFC PNPAS – Manchester+Huddersfield

Where nextWhere nextAfter EMMA next step is proton

machine (to include variable RF frequency)

Energy? Current? Cost?Research machine or prototype?

Clinical or ADSR or …?Where? Daresbury? Harwell?

Somewhere else?We now need to address these

questions.