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xksnke iSdj

{ks=y‚ftfLVd

lanHkZ vkbZMh : LSC/Q2303 Version 1.0NSQF Level: 3

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

xksnke iSdjmi&{ks=xksnke Hk.Mkj.kxksnke iSdsftax

O;olk;xksnke iSdj

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

çdk'kd

Hkkjrh; m|ksx ifjla?k & jln laLFkku

;wfuV bZ] 10 oha eafty

vkbZvkbZVh eækl fjlpZ ikdZ

dkukxe jksM

rkjkef.k] psUubZ 600 113

bZ&esy% [email protected]

osclkbV% www.ciilogistics.com

lokZf/kdkj lqjf{kr]

çFke laLdj.k] vçSy 2016

vLohdj.k

bl xkbM esa çnku fd xbZ tkudkjh jln {ks= dkS'ky ifj"kn ds fo'oluh; lw=ksa ls çkIr fd;k x;k gSA jln {ks= dkS'ky ifj"kn bl rjg dh tkudkjh dh lVhdrk] iw.kZrk ;k i;kZIrrk dh lHkh okjafV;ksa dks Lohdj ugha djrk gSA jln {ks= dkS'ky ifj"kn dk ;gk¡ fufgr tkudkjh esa] ;k vFkZ esa fdlh çdkj dh =qfV] pwd] ;k vmiyC/krk ds çfr dksbZ nkf;Ro ugha gksxkA iqLrd esa 'kkfey d‚ihjkbV lkexzh ds ekfydksa dk irk yxkus ds fy, gj laHko ç;kl fd;k x;k gSA çdk'kd dh fdrkc ds Hkfo"; ds laLdj.kksa esa muds /;ku esa ykbZ xbZ fdlh Hkh pwd ds fy, vkHkkjh gksaxsA vxj dksbZ O;fä bl lkexzh ij fuHkZj djrk gS vkSj blls mls dksbZ gkfu gksrh gS rks jln {ks= dkS'ky ifj"kn esa dksbZ Hkh bdkbZ bl gkfu ds fy, ftEesnkj ugha gksxhA bl çdk'ku dh lkexzh d‚ihjkbV gSA bl çdk'ku ds fdlh Hkkx dk fdlh Hkh :i esa iqu:Riknu] laxzg.k ;k fdlh Hkh dkxt ;k bysDVª‚fud ehfM;k ij çdk'ku ugha fd;k tk ldrk] tc rd dh jln {ks= dkS'ky ifj"kn }kjk vf/k—r u gksA

d‚ihjkbV © 2016

jln {ks= dkS'ky ifj"kn

jln {ks= dkS'ky ifj"kn dk lEidZ fooj.k:

irk: ;wfuV 'bZ' 10 oha eafty] vkbZvkbZVh eækl fjlpZ ikdZ]

dkukxe jksM] rkjkef.k]

psUubZ & 600 113

bZ&esy: [email protected]

Qksu% +91&44&4292 890

xksnke iSdj

iii

dkS'ky ls csgrj Hkkjr dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA;fn gesa Hkkjr dks fodkl dh vksj ys tkuk gS

rks dkS'ky dk fodkl gekjk fe'ku gksuk pkfg,A

Jh ujsUæ eksnhçèkku ea=h] Hkkjr

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

iv

xksnke iSdj

v

vfHkLoh—frbl lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa fo"k; vuqeksnu vkSj bl çdkj ;ksX;rk iSd ¼;ks- iS-½ vkSj jk"Vªh; O;kolkf;d ekudksa ¼jk-O;-ek-½ ij vk/kkfjr dkS'ky fodkl dh fn'kk esa ;ksxnku ds fy, ge fuEu laxBuksa dk /kU;okn djrs gSa A

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

vi

bl xkbM ds ckjs esa

bl lgk;d ekxZ&n'kZd dks xksnke iSdj ds] ;ksX;rk iSd ds çf'k{k.k ds fy, l{ke cuk;k x;k gS A ;g lgk;dksa/çf'k{kdksa dks] xksnke vkSj iSfdax xfrfof/k;ksa ls lEcaf/kr] çeq[k fo"k;ksa dk vko';d Kku çnku djkrh gS A ;g iqLrd] fdl rjg ls çf'k{kdksa dks lgHkkfx;ksa ds lkFk ckrphr djus vkSj mUgsa viuh vko';drkvksa dks le>rs gq, çf'kf{kr djus o vius dk;Z lEcaf/kr fofHkUu çeq[k vo/kkj.kkvksa dks foLrkj ls crkrh gS A blds vykok ;g çf'k{kd dks] lgHkkxh ds lkFk lHkh fo"k;ksa dks] Bhd le; ij iq.kZ djus esa Hkh enn djrh gSA ;g iqfLrdk] çkS|ksfxdh ds {ks= esa orZeku çxfr vkSj blds O;olk; ij çHkko ds ckjs esa Hkh uohure tkudkjh eqgS;k djokrh gSA dbZ e‚MîwYl dks Hk.Mkj.k ds orZeku vFkZ] fofHkUu –f"Vdks.k rFkk fofo/krk dks lekfgr djus ds fy, la'kksf/kr fd;k x;k gS A

fdlh fof'k"B jk-O;-ek- ds fy, lh[kus ds mís'; ml jk-O;-ek- dh 'kq#vkrh bdkbZ/bdkb;ka gSa A

bl fdrkc esa bLrseky çrhdksa dks uhps of.kZrfd;k x;k gSaA

ç;ksx fd;s x, çrhd

pj.k le; mís';fVIif.k;k¡ ;g djsa

O;k[;k djsa çSfDVdy{ks= dk nkSjkfoLrkj ls crk,a ç;ksx'kkyk

çnf'kZr djsa lkewfgd xfrfofèkvH;kl lqfoèkk ds fy, uksV~l

vè;;u ds ifj.kke

dfg,

lalkèku xfrfofèk lkjka'k mnkgj.kHkwfedk fuHkk,a

!

iwfN,

fVIl

Example

xksnke iSdj

vii

fo"k; lwph

1- ifjp; 1 ;wfuV 1-1 & çkjafHkd laokn 3 ;wfuV 1-2 & dkslZ ds ckjs esa 5 ;wfuV 1-3 & vkiwfrZ Ja[kyk esa xksnke dk egÙo 6 ;wfuV 1-4 & xksnke iSdj dh Hkwfedk,a vkSj ftEesnkfj;ka 8

2- iSfdax ds fy, rS;kjh (LSC/ N2308) 11 ;wfuV 2-1 & iSfdax dk çkFkfed mís'; 13 ;wfuV 2-2 & iSfdax çfØ;k fd 'kq#vkr 16 ;wfuV 2-3 & folaxfr;ksa dh igpku vkSj =qfV lq/kkj 19 ;wfuV 2-4 & iSdsftax lkexzh ds çdkj ij fu.kZ; 21 ;wfuV 2-5 & lkekU; fgQktr] lqj{kk vkSj ç'kklfud 23 ;wfuV 2-6 & laxBukRed mRikn vkSj çfØ;k dk Kku vkSj le> 26

3- f”kiesaV fidvi ds fy, rS;kjh (LSC/N2309) 29 ;wfuV 3-1 & iSdsftax ds fy, vkbVe çkIr djuk 31 ;wfuV 3-2 & ekud lapkyu çfØ;k dk egÙo & SOP 33 ;wfuV 3-3 & iSfdax esa lqj{kk laj{k.k 34 ;wfuV 3-4- & oxZ vkSj ekud 35 ;wfuV 3-5 & iSdsftax ds nkSjku fd;s tkus okys fufj{k.k 37 ;wfuV 3-6 & fofHkUu lgdfeZ;ksa dh nqdku esa Hkwfedk vkSj ftEesnkjh 38

4- xksnke esa eky dh fuxjkuh (LSC/N2310) 41 ;wfuV 4-1 & uqdlku vkSj ?kkVs dk ys[kk tks[kk 43 ;wfuV 4-2 & nLrkostksa dk fooj.k 45 ;wfuV 4-3 & çfØ;k esa cnyko/dk;Z funsZ'k dk tksf[ke vkSj çHkko 46 ;wfuV 4-4 & xksnke iSdj ds fy, t:jh dkS'ky 48

5- gkmldhfiax dk dk;kZUo;u (LSC/N2104) 55 ;wfuV 5-1 & laHkkfor dke ds [krjksa vkSj lqj{kk eqíksa dh igpku 57 ;wfuV 5-2 & O;kolkf;d / i;kZoj.kh; LokLF; vkSj lqj{kk 596- fu;¨tuh;rk ,oa m|e’khyrk d©’ky 63` ;qfuV 6-1 & O;fDrxr ,oa {kerk,a ewY; 67 ;qfuV 6-2 & fMftVy lk{kjrk% iqujko`fÙk 97 ;qfuV 6-3 & /ku laca/kh ekeys 107 ;qfuV 6-4 & jkstxkj jkstxkj Ok LOk 125ds fy, rS;kjh djuk ;qfuV 6-5 & m|e'khyrk dks le>uk 143 ;qfuV 6-6 & m|eh cuus dh rS;kjh djuk 71 17- ifjf'k"V 191 ifjf'k"V & çf'k{k.k dh ;kstuk 192 ifjf'k"V & vkdyu dk ekunaM 197

Øekad e‚Mîwy vkSj bdkb;k¡ i`"B la

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

viii

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 1-1 & vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk çca/ku çkjfEHkd laokn vkSj ifjp;

;wfuV 1-2 & ikBîØe ds ckjs esa

;wfuV 1-3 & vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk esa xksnke dk egRo

;wfuV 1-4 & ,d xksnke iSdj dh ftEesnkfj;ka vkSj Hkwfedk,a

1- ifjp;

2

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

bl e‚Mîwy ds var esa] vki l{ke gks tk,axs%

1- dk;ZØe ds lkFkh çfrHkkfx;ksa ds lkFk rkyesy cukus esa

2- lkFkh lgHkkfx;ksa ds lkFk vPNs ls vkSj lgtrk ls ckrphr djus esa

3- vxys …å fnuksa esa os D;k ikus esa

8- xksnke iSdj dh dk;Z&Hkwfedk o mlls vis{kkvksa dh igpku djus esa

9- xksnke ds fofHkUu dk;ksaZ /çfØ;kvksa dks le>kus esa

10- xksnke esa gksus okyh çeq[k xfrfof/k;ksa dks le>kus esa

vè;;u ds eq[; ifj.kke

3

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 1-1% vkblczsdj


1- ,d nwljs ds lkFk ifjfpr gksus es

2- lkFkh çf'k{kd vkSj Nk=ksa ds lkFk rkyesy fcBkus esa

3- lh[kus dk csgrj ekgkSy cukus esa

4- lkFkh Nk=ksa ds lkFk vPNs ls vkSj lgtrk ls ckrphr djus esa

;wfuV ds mís';

mi;ksx fd;s tkus okys lalkèku Ÿ miyC/k oLrq,a tSls MLVj]isu] uksVcqd vkfn

Ÿ f'k{k.k cksMZ

Ÿ xsan ;k nsus ds fy, dksbZ Hkh Hkkjghu oLrq

• Nk=ksa dk Hkkxhnkjh ds fy, /kU;okn vnk djsaA

dfg,

djsaŸ Nk=ksa dks ,d xksys esa] vius nksuksa vksj] i;kZIr nwjh ij [kM+k djsa rkfd og ilsZy dks tYnh ls vkxs c

4

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ [ksy ds nkSjku tks Nk= vkmV gks x, gSa vki mUgsa laxhr ds fy, j[k ldrs gSaA tSls tSls [ksy vkxs c

5

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 1-2% ikBîØe ds mís';


1- ,d ewyHkwr ;kstuk eqgS;k djokus esa fd] vkxs vkus okys …å fnuksa esa os D;k i

6

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ vkiwfrZ Ja[kyk vkSj jln çca/ku fd ifjHkk"kk A

Ÿ lkeku dh lIyk;j ls fuekZrk ls xzkgdksa rd tkus dks vkiwfrZ Ja[kyk dk çokg dgk tkrk gS A

;wfuV 1-3% vkiqfrZ Ja[kyk esa xksnku dk egÙo


1- fofHkUu çdkj ds bUosaVjh vkSj blds egRo ds ckjs esa ppkZ djus esa A

2- vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk ds çca/ku esa ,d xksnke ds egRo dks le>kus esaA

3- ,d xksnke ds vanj gksus okyh fofHkUu xfrfof/k;ksa dk o.kZu djus esa A

4- uhfr;ksa vkSj çfØ;kvksa ds egRo dks le>kus esa A

;wfuV ds mís';

dfg,

Ÿ vkiwfrZ Ja[kyk çca/ku ds … ewy çokg & mRikn çokg/ lsok çokg] lwpuk çokg] foÙk/vFkZ çokg A

Ÿ ,d cgqr gh lk/kkj.k vkiwfrZ Ja[kyk dk mngkj.k ,d ,dy mRikn gS] tgk¡ dPpk eky vkiwfrZdrkZvksa }kjk mRikfnr fd;k tkrk gS] ,d gh pj.k esa rS;kj eky esa ifjofrZr fd;k tkrk gS]vkSj fQj forj.k dsaæksa ij ys tk;k tkrk gS] vkSj varr% xzkgdksa rd igqp tkrk gSA mngkj.kds fy, && isu] tgk¡ lIyk;lZ/vkiwfrZdrkZ IykfLVd eksfYMax vkiwfrZdrkZ gSa ¼'kSy] dSi] V‚i vkSj c‚Ve fyM½] L;kgh vkiwfrZdrkZ]bLikr vkiwfrZdrkZ¼ fuc vkSj c‚y ½-mRiknudrkZ isu dks lgh rjg ls vkSj fdLe esa tksM+ nsrs gSaA xzkgd eSa vkSj vki gSaA

fp= 1-4% M‚fdax lsok

7

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ vki Nk=ksa ls Hkkjr esa xksnke O;olk; ds ckjs esa iwN ldrs gSa A

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls xksnke xfrfof/k;ksa ds ckjs esa muds fopkj iwN ldrs gSa A

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks ;g lkspus ds fy, dqN le; nsa fd fiNys ƒå lkyksa esa xksnke O;olk; fdl rjg cny gS A

Ÿ lUnHkZ LFkkfir dj muls xksnke m|ksx esa m|ksx ço`fÙk;ksa dk o.kZu djus ds fy, iwNsa A

Ÿ xksnke fd fofHkUu çfØ;kvksa ds ckjs esa Nk=ksa ds Kku fd ij[k djsa A

Ÿ bUosaVªh D;k gS\

Ÿ bUosaVªh ds fofHkUu çdkj

Ÿ fdl rjg ls ,d nqifg;k okgu dks tksM+k/cuk;k tkrk gS

Ÿ xksnke ds vanj gksus okyh xfrfof/k;ka

lqfoèkk ds fy, uksV~l

le>kb,

Ÿ vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk çca/ku esa rhu egRoiw.kZ çokg Nk=ksa ls iwfN;s

Ÿ xksnke ds vanj gksusokyh xfrfof/k;ksa ds ckjs esa Nk=ksa ls iwfN;s

iwfN,

8

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

dfg,

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls iwNsa fd xksnke fd çfØ;k esa iSdsftax fd t#jr D;ksa gSa A

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls iwNsa fd fdlh mRikn dks lqjf{kr j[kus ds fy, iSdsftax fdl rjg ls lgk;d gS A

Ÿ ,d xksnke iSdj xksnke esa dke djrk gS] tgk¡ mldk eq[; dk;Z fn, x, v‚MZlZ dks iSd dj ds xzkgdksa ds fy, esa forj.k eap ij nsuk gksrk gSA

Ÿ ,d iSdj mRiknu ykbu esa Hkh dke dj ldrk gS] tgk¡ cuk;s x;s lkeku vkSj mRikn dks daVsuj esa tSls fMCcksa] Vªst] FkSfy;ksa]vkSj ØsV~l esa j[krs gSaA

Ÿ ,d xksnke iSdj vius gkFkksa ls dq'kyrk iwoZd dk;Z djus esa l{ke gksuk pkfg, rkfd og tYnh ls vkSj lgh rjhds ls iSfdax djs vkSj lkeku igqapk ldsA

Ÿ ,d iSdj ds :i esa vkidks 'kkjhfjd fQVusl ds mfpr Lrj dh vko';drk gksxhA vkidks funsZ'k dk ikyu djus vkSj Li"V yscy fy[kus ds fy, l{ke gksus dh Hkh vko';drk gksxhA

Ÿ vf/kdrj daifu;ka bl {ks= ij /;ku nsrh gSa D;ksafd] ysunsu] lkeku dh fMyhojh] fMyhojh esa xyrh] eky ds uqdlku vkfn dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, dksbZ Hkh lq/kkj] xzkgdksa ds vuqHko ij ldkjkRed çHkko Mkyrk gSA

Ÿ iSfdax xfrfof/k ds dqN O;kogkfjd mngkj.k tSls lqij ekfdZV esa fdjkus dk lkeku vkSj mRiknksa dh iSfdax fyLV gSaA

Ÿ m|ksx esa] m|ksx ds vkdj ds vk/kkj ij] xksnke çfØ;k esa iSfdax xfrfof/k ds fy,] de ls de 5 ls 20 ;ksX; is'ksojksa dh vko';drk gksrh gSA


1- ,d xksnke iSdj dh ftEesnkfj;ksa vkSj Hkwfedkvksa dk o.kZu djsa

2- ,d xksnke ds vanj ,d xksnke iSdj tks fofHkUu dk;Z djrk gS] mls le>kb;sA

3- fnu dk dke 'kq: djus ds fy, vko';d dneksa dk fu/kkZj.k djsa A

4- fofHkUu dk;Z dkS'ky vkSj Vhe çca/ku dks n'kkZb, A

5- ,d lqpk: xksnke dk;Z&i)fr ds fy, le>kb;s fd] nwljs lkFkh lewgksa ds chp dSls leUo; fd;k tk;sA

;wfuV 1-4% xksnke iSdj dh Hkwfedk,a vkSj ftEesnkfj;ka

;wfuV ds mís';

iwfN,

9

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ vki Nk=ksa ls iwN ldrs gSa fd] os xksnke iSfdax çfØ;k ds ckjs esa D;k tkurs gSa A

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks bl ckjs esa lq>ko nsa fd ,d lQy xksnke iSdj dSls cusa ds A

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks ,d laf{kIr C;kSjk nsa fd bl dk;ZØe esa D;k vkrk gS A


10

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

11

xksnke iSdj

LSC/N2308

2- iSfdax ds fy, rS;kjh;wfuV 2-1 & iSfdax ds çkFkfed mís';

;wfuV 2-2 & iSfdax çfØ;k dh 'kq#vkr

;wfuV 2-3 & folaxfr;ksa vkSj lq/kkj ds yk;d =qfV;ksa dh igpku

;wfuV 2-4 & iSdsftax lkexzh dk ,d çdkj fuf'pr djuk

;wfuV 2-5 & lkekU; fgQktr] lqj{kk vkSj ç'kklfud

;wfuV 2-6 & laxBukRed mRikn vkSj çfØ;k dk Kku vkSj le>

12

QSflfyVsVj xkbM


1- jln esa iSfdax ds egÙo dks le>us esa

2- iSfdax lwph ds rRoksa ds ckjs esa Li"Vrk ikus esa

3- ,d Lopkfyr fidfyLV esa rRoksa dks tkuus esa A

4- xksnke esa fofHkUu çfØ;k {ks= dks le>us esa A

5- iwoZ iSdsftax dk ewy Kku ysus esa A

6- ;g le>kus esa fd] iSfdax esa folaxfr;ka vkSj fHkUurk,a dSls igpkusA

7- xksnke esa mi;ksx esa vkus okys fofHkUu iSdsftax lkexzh dks igpkuus esa A

8- lkekU; fgQktr vkSj lqj{kk fd çfØ;k le>kus esa A

9- ih ih bZ ds fofHkUu çdkjksa dks igpkuus vkSj ih ih bZ ds mís';ksa esa Li"Vrk ikus esa A

10- m|ksx ls lacaf/kr fofHkUu lqj{kk ekudksa dks le>kus esa A


13

xksnke iSdj


1- iSdsftax ds mís'; ds ckjs esa le>kus esa A

2- pquus vkSj iSfdax esa gksusokys fofHkUu [kfe;ksa dks

14

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ le>kb;s dSls iSdsftax ikjxeu ds nkSjku mRikn dk uqdlku de dj nsrk gS

Ÿ D;k gksxk] vxj ,d mRikn Bhd ls iSd ugha fd;k x;k gS

Ÿ mRiknksa vkSj lkexzh ds fy, iSdsftax ds egRo dks le>kbZ;s

mnkgj.kExample

fp= 2-1% iSdsftax ds mnkgj.

15

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ mnkgj.k ds lkFk iSdsftax ds eq[; mi;ksx fuEu ds fy, gSa

Ÿ 'kkjhfjd lqj{kk

Ÿ lkekU; lwpuk lapj.k

Ÿ foi.ku ¼ ekdsZfVax½

Ÿ lqfo/kk

Ÿ ck/kk laj{k.k

Ÿ lqj{kk

foLr`r dhft;s

Ÿ vki dqN mRikn tSls MLVj] ekdZj vkfn fn[kk dj] Nk=ksa ls dqN iSfdax ds dkxt fd enn ls ,d lqjf{kr iSfdax djus dks dg ldrs gSa A

Ÿ iSd mRikn ij ,d xq.koÙkk dh tkap djus ds fy, ,d Nk= dks vkeaf=r djsa vkSj mUgsa mudh fVIif.k;ksa uhps lwphc) djus ds fy, dgsa A


16

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ ,d iSfdax vkns'k ¼vkMZj½ esa çeq[k xfrfof/k;ka] iSfdax lwph rFkk pqus x, lkeku dh fLFkfr dks le>uk- iSfdax lwph ds vuqlkj ek¡xk x;k lkeku iSd djuk] lwpuk çlkj.k ds fy, ml vkns'k dks yscy djuk] ml vkns'k dks iqf"V djuk vkSj xzkgd dks fn, tkus ds fy, ml vkMZj dks f'kfiax M‚d rd igq¡pkuk gSA

Ÿ dksdk&dksyk]loZJs"B iSdsftax ds mnkgj.kksa esa ls ,d gSA dksdk&dksyk Js"B iSdsftax fMtkbZu dk firkeg ekuk tk ldrk gS] bldk çfrf"Br yksxks dbZ n'kdksa ls çfl) gS vkSj nqfu;k Hkj dh Hkk"kkvks¡ esa igpkuk tkrk gS A ij dksdk&dksyk] loZJs"B vk/kqfud ç;ksxksa dks vius mR—"V fMtkbZu j.kuhfr ls tksM+us ds fy, Hkh] viuh iSdsftax fMtkbZu ds fy, u, fopkjksa ij tksj nsrk gSA bldk ,d mngkj.k: gky gh ds] yscy ij fpj&ifjfpr igys uke okys dksd ds jksyvkmV gSaA

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks] fidfyLV ds fooj.k ds ckjs esa

Ÿ ml jlhn ds ckjs esa tks fd fidfyLV ds eqrkfcd fidj dks pqus gq, ds fy, nh tkjh gS

Ÿ dSls xksnke iSdj] dh tkus okyh iSfdax çfØ;k fd tkudkjh ikrs gSa

Ÿ iSfdax lwph dk C;kSjk/ fooj.k

dfg,

le>kb,

;wfuV 2-2% iSfdax çfØ;k fd 'kq#vkr


1- ;g le>kus esa fd ,d iSdj dks çfØ;k LVkVZ djus fd tkudkjh dgk¡ ls feyrh gS A

2- iSfdax lwph esa fooj.k dks igpkuuk

3- xksnke ds vanj gj dk;Z ds Øe dks le>kuk

4- ;g le>kuk fd ,d iSdj ,d iSfdax çfØ;k 'kq: djus ds fy, funsZ'k dSls irk gS

;wfuV ds mís';

17

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ ,iy && ,iy us Hkh viuh iSdsftax dks vius mRiknksa dk leFkZu djus ds fy, cgqr ifj"—r fd;k] daiuh dk lknxhiw.kZ vkSj lqUnj fMtkbu dk n'kZu] blds Qksu]VscysV~l vkSj daI;wVj ds fMCcksa ij fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA iSdsftax ges'kk mPp xq.koÙkk] ,iy ds çhfe;e mRiknksa ds vuq:i gksus dk ,glkl nsrh gS vkSj dksbZ Hkh /;ku HkVdkus okys fp= ;k lwpuk dk ç;ksx ugha gksrk && flQZ vanj ds mRikn dk fp=] ftls xzkgd fudkyus vkSj mi;ksx esa ykus ds fy, bartkj ugha dj ldrs gSaA

fp= 2-2% dksdk dksyk iSfdax

fp= 2-3% ,Iiy iPhone iSfdax

18

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ iSfdax lwph dk ,d çk:i tks fd lHkh vko';d fooj.kksa tSls] iSd fd tkus okyh ek=k] iSfdax c‚Dl dk çdkj]iSfdax yscy dks le>krk gSA

Ÿ dqN iwoZ iSdsftax ds mngkj.k fd t#jr dks n'kkZ,a ] fdl rjg Fkksd mRikn ds HkaMkj dks foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj vkxs forj.k ds fy, iSd fd;k tkrk gSA

çn'kZu dhft;s

Ÿ og D;k fooj.k gS tks fdlh dks iSfdax lwph esa fey ldrs gS \

Ÿ xzkgdksa rd mRikn Hkstus esa iSdsftax ds D;k ykHk gSa \

Ÿ ,d iSdj dks iSfdax lwph fdl ls feyrh gS \

Ÿ iwoZ iSdsftax dk D;k egÙo gS\

Ÿ vkMZj iSfdax esa NwV ds dkj.kksa fd lwph cukb;s A

Ÿ fMCck&can lkeku]lksMk vkSj eknd is; inkFkZ tSls fc;j ds fy, lkekU;r% &&&&&&&& çdkj fd iSfdax dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS

iwfN,

19

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 2-3% folaxfr;ksa dh igpku vkSj =qfV lq/kkj


1- ihfdax vkSj iSfdax esa folaxfr;ksa dks dSls igpkusa

2- iSfdax /iksfLVax ds vk/kqfudj.k ds rjhdksa dks le>kus esa

3- folaxfr;ksa ds fy, dkj.kksa dh igpku djus esa

4- çca/ku dks fjiksVZ djus ds rjhdksa fd O;k[;k djus esa

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls iwNsa fd os vkMZj iSfdax ls D;k le>rs gSa A

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls iwNsa fd iSfdax çfØ;k ds nkSjku mUgsa fdu ifj–';ksa ;k pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gS A

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls vkMZj iSfdax fd folaxfr;ksa fd lwph cukus dks dgsa A

Ÿ Vscy iSj dqN mRiknksa ;k lkexzh dh j[k nhft;s vkSj Nk=ksa ls fofHkUu folaxfr;ksa ¼deh] uqdlku] csesy½ okyh iSfdax xfrfof/k;ka djus dks dgsaA

iwfN,

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks le>k,a fd dSls ,d lgh vkMZj iSfdax fcuk fdlh folaxfr ds fd tkrh gS A

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks le>k,a fd viokfnr vkMZj iSfdax D;k gS A

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks le>k,a fd viokn jfgr vkMZj iSfdax D;k gS A

Ÿ fo"k;&lwph ds jsd‚MksaZ dk iSfdax ds ckn v|rhdj.k vkSj rkRdkfyd i;Zos{kd ;k eSustj ls folaxfr;ksa ds ckjs esa ppkZ dSls djsa A

Ÿ lkeku dh iSfdax ds nkSjku iSfdax ds ekudksa dks fn, tkus okys egÙo ds ckjs esa A

le>kb,

çfØ;k

20

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ vki Nk=ksa dks ,d iSfdax lwph ds uewus dk elkSnk cukus esa lyXu dj ldrs gSa vkSj mu ls ,d lEiw.kZ iSfdax vkMZj cukus dk dg ldrs gSaA

Ÿ Vscy ij dqN lkexzh j[k nhft;s vkSj Nk= dks bl iSfdax lkexzh ds fy, ,d iSfdax lwph cukus dk dgsa ] blh iSfdax lkexzh ls folaxfr ds lkFk vkSj folaxfr ds fcuk iSfdax lwph cuk dj ns[ksaA

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks rRdky i;Zos{kd ;k Vhe ds lnL;ksa ls ckrphr ds fy, vkSj iSfdax çfØ;k ds nkSjku xksnke ds lg&dfeZ;ksa ds lkFk ckrphr djus ds fy, f'kf{kr djsaA


21

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 2-4% iSdsftax lkexzh ds çdkj ij fu.kZ;


1- fofHkUu mRiknksa ds fy, t:jh vyx&vyx iSdsftax esa Hksn djuk

2- ,d iSdsftax lkexzh ds p;u ds fy, fodYiksa dks igpkusa

…- fofHkUu m|ksxksa ds fy,] fofHkUu çdkjksa ds iSdsftax ds dk Kku çkIr djuk

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ ykxr dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, lgh iSdsftax lkexzh dk p;u djuk ,d egRoiw.kZ ekunaM gS] ftl ij fopkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A

Ÿ mi;qä iSdsftax lkexzh ds p;u ds fy, [kkldj „ ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg,

Ÿ esjs mRikn ds fy, fdl rjg ds iSdsftax dh t#jr gS \

Ÿ iSdsftax lkexzh ij eSa fdruk [kpZ dj ldrk gw¡\

dfg,

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks foLrkj esa crk,a fd fofHkUu iSdsftax lkexzh dk mi;ksx] fofHkUu mRiknksa dks ys tkus esa ;k Fkksd bdkb;ksa ;k lkexzh ds ifjogu esa gksrk gS vkSj m|ksxksa esa fuEu lkexzh dks mi;ksx esa yk;k tkrk gSaA

Ÿ ygjnkj fMCcs

Ÿ ydM+h ds cDls

Ÿ IykfLVd cDls

Ÿ ydM+h dh iêh

Ÿ IykfLVd dh iêh

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks fof'k"B iSdsftax ds çdkj] tSls rjy inkFkZ ds fy, & IykfLVd]dkap fMCcs ;k ikmp vkSj Bksl iSfdax ds fy, tSls & IykfLVd]xÙkk] ,Y;qehfu;e cSx] ;k Vªs ds mi;ksx dks le>k,aA

le>kb,

22

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ fofHkUu çdkj dh iSdsftax lkexzh ds fy, O;kogkfjd çek.k nsa tSls

Ÿ ydM+h dh iêh

Ÿ IykfLVd iêh

Ÿ IykfLVd Hkkj

Ÿ IykfLVd ds cDls

Ÿ dqN mRiknksa ds fp= ;k Nfc tSls dkap dh ykbV] e'khuh dyiqtsZ] okguksa dh csVfj;k¡] QS'ku mRikn tSls 'kVZ~l] lkfM+;ka]b&d‚elZ mRikn tSls eksckby Qksu] isu&Mªkbo vkfn ] fn[kkb, vkSj Nk=ksa ls budks iSd djus ds fy, mi;qä iSdsftax lkexzh dh igpku djus ds fy, iwNsaA

çfØ;k

23

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 2-5% lkekU; fgQktr] lqj{kk vkSj ç'kklfud


1- xksnke esa dke ds ekgkSy esa lqj{kk dk egÙo le>uk

2- bl m|ksx ls lEcaf/kr fofHkUu lqj{kk ekudksa dks le>uk

3- lEcaf/kr xksnke ds ekgkSy ds fy, vko';d ih ih bZ ds çdkj dks igpkuuk

4- mi;ksx esa fy, tkus okys mRikn ds] dke esa vkus okys ih ih bZ]ds çdkj dks le>kuk

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ nqfu;k Hkkj esa gj lky dke ls lEcaf/kr „ fefy;u pksVsa viax djus okyh gksrha gSa vkSj ‡ yk[k ls T;knk flj] vk¡[k] gkFkksa vkSj iSj dh gksrha gSa A

Ÿ O;fäxr lqj{kk midj.k ¼ihihbZ½]diMs vkSj midj.k gSa tks deZpkfj;ksa]Nk=ksa]Bsdsnkjksa ;k vkxarqdksa ds }kjk dk;Z&LFky ds [krjksa ls vius 'kjhj dh lqj{kk vkSj cpko ds fy, igus tkrs gS A

dfg,

fp= 2-4% Fig 2.4: Personal Protective Equipment

24

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

fp= 2-5% lk/kkj.k /kwy ekLd

fp= 2-7% us= lqj{kk

fp= 2-6% 'olu lqj{kk

fp= 2-8% Jo.k lqj{kk

djsaŸ mUgsa ihihbZ& O;fäxr lqj{kk midj.k dh t#jr vkSj ih ih bZ ds çdkjksa ds ckjs esa crk,a A

Ÿ fn[kk,¡ fd] ih ih bZ dks dSls mi;ksx djsa vkSj igusa A

Ÿ O;fäxr lqj{kk midj.k ds ykHkksa dks le>kb;sA

Ÿ le>kb;s fd O;fäxr lqj{kk midj.k iguuk] fdlh Hkh ?kkrd pksV ;k nq?kZVuk ls cpk,axs

25

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ ,d rkfydk esa lHkh ihihbZ dks n'kkZ,a vkSj tks ihihbZ midj.k uhps ds lapkyu ds fy, bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gS dh igpku djus ds fy, Nk=ksa dks iwNsa

1- vki vius gkFk dh j{kk ds fy, fdl çdkj ds ihihbZ dk ç;ksx djsaxs\

2- gkFk ls jklk;fud iSfdax djus esa +++

3- tc ,d iSdj ,d mPp jSd HkaMkj.k dh O;oLFkk ds pkjksa vksj ?kwerk gS

4- vf/kd Msflcsy {ks=ksa esa dk;Z djus eSa

çfØ;k

26

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

;wfuV 2-6% laxBukRed mRikn vkSj çfØ;k dk Kku vkSj le>


1- vfrfjä iSdsftax fd t:jrksa dks le>us esaA

2- iSdsftax esa mi;ksx esa yk;s tkus okys l¥~pkyu ekudksa dks le>kus esaA

3- fjiksfVaZx dhçfØ;k dks le>kus esaA

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ xksnke og txg gS tgk¡ cuk;k x;k eky Fkksd vkSj cM+h la[;k esa j[kk tkrk gS vkSj xzkgd dh t:jr ds fglkc ls NksVs fgLlksa esa ck¡V fn;k tkrk gSA

Ÿ ;g xksnke iSdj dh ftEesnkjh gksrh gS fd fdlh xzkgd ds fdlh mRikn ;k oLrq ds fy, mi;qä iSfdax lkexzh dk fu/kkZj.k o pquko djsA

Ÿ iSdsftax ds yscy] jln Ja[kyk ikVZulZ dks] iSd fd;s gqbZ lkexzh ds j[kj[kko o ystkus ds fy, t:jh vfrfjä lko/kkuh dk irk djus esa lgk;d gksrk gSA

Ÿ yscy ml mRikn ds ckjs esa iwjh iwjh lwpuk xsV gSA blesa eq[;&rkSj ij mRikn ds ?kVdksa] blds mi;ksx o mi;ksx esa lko/kkuh]mi;ksx djrs le; j[kus okyh lko/kkuh] fuekZ.k dh frfFk vkSj cSp uacj vkfn vkrs gSa A

Ÿ fo'oO;kih iqu%mi;ksx fpUg ¼ ;wfuolZy jhlkbfDyax flacy½] tks dh rhu eqM+s gq, rhjksa ls cuk ,d f=Hkqt gS] ƒ‹‰å esa lnuZ dSfyQksfuZ;k ;wfuoflZVh ds ,d Nk= xsjh ,aMjlu }kjk cuk;k x;k FkkA mlus ;g loZçFke vFkZ Ms ls tqMh ,d çfr;ksfxrk esa cuk;k Fkk A

dfg,

fp= 2-9% ;wfuolZy jhlkbfDyax flacy

27

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ lHkh daVsulZ vkSj iSdsftax] ,xksZukfeDl¼deZpkjh ifjfLFkfr foKku½ vkSj fgLlk gVkus dh vktknh dks /;ku esa j[k dj fMtkbZu fd;s tkuk pkfg,A bdkbZ Hkkj ÅapkbZ çfrcU/k ]otu çfrcU/k]fMCcs [kksyus dks vkSj Hkh nwljh t:jrksa dks tks fd vxksZuksfeDl vkSj etnwj lqj{kk dks çHkkfor dj ldrh gS] ij mi;qä /;ku nsuk pkfg,A

Ÿ iSdsftax yscy dk mís';] lkeku fd vkoktkgh vkSj forj.k Ja[kyk ds lHkh lnL;ksa ds chp MkVk ds vknku&çnku dks rst djuk gS A yscy fd ek=k ¼ckj dksM o ikBî Hkkx½ tks fd yscy ij vko';d gS] O;kikj esa lfEefyr Hkkxhnkjksa ds dke ds fy, vko';d gS A

foLr`r dhft;s

Ÿ iSdsftax dh egRoiw.kZ fo'ks"krkvksa dks le>kb;s

Ÿ iSdst yscfyax esa bLrseky çrhdksa dks le>kb;s

Ÿ fofHkUu iSdsftax çrhdksa ds vFkZ dh O;k[;k dhft;s

le>kb,

Ÿ le>kb;s fd miHkksäk iSdsftax yscy fd enn ls] mRikn fd ç—fr vkSj lkexzh dk irk dSls yxk,axsA

Ÿ iSdsftax foi.ku ¼ekdsZfVax½ dk bruk egRoiw.kZ fgLlk D;ksa gS\

fp= 2-10% rkiekih

fp= 2-13% lko/kkuh ls j[ksa

fp= 2-11% Hkaxqj

fp= 2-14% Nkrk

fp= 2-12% nk;k¡ fgLlk Åij jf[k;s

fp= 2-15% fo'o&O;kih iqu%mi;ksx fpUg

Nk= ls fuEufyf[kr ds fy, ,d iSdsftax yscy cukus vkSj fMtkbu djus ds fy, dgsa ;

Ÿ vanj j[kh oLrq 'kkdkgkfj;ksa ds fy, mi;qä ugha gSA

Ÿ iSdsftax ds vanj j[ks mRikn ds fdukjs rh[ks gSaA

Ÿ lkexzh 5 o"kZ ls de mez ds cPpksa ds fy, mi;qä ugha gSA

Ÿ [kk| vkSj is; daVsujksa / iSdsftax ij ik, tkus okys çrhdksa ds uewus yhft,A çR;sd çrhd dk vFkZ le>kb;sA

çfØ;k

28

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

29

xksnke iSdj

LSC/N2309

3- iSfdax djuk;wfuV 3-1 & iSdsftax ds fy, vkbVe çkIr djuk

;wfuV 3-2 & ekud lapkyu çfØ;k dk egÙo & ,l-vks-ih-

;wfuV 3-3 & iSfdax esa lqj{kk laj{k.k

;wfuV 3-4 & oxZ vkSj ekud

;wfuV 3-5 & iSdsftax ds nkSjku fd;k tkus okys fufj{k.k

;wfuV 3-6 & fofHkUu lgdfeZ;ksa dh nqdku esa Hkwfedk vkSj ftEesnkjh

30

QSflfyVsVj xkbM


1- iSfdax ds fy, mRiknksa / vkbVe dks çkIr djsa]dks le>kus esa

2- iSfdax dh çfØ;k esa j[kj[kko ds fy, vko';d ekudksa vkSj vxksZuksfeDl le>kus esa

3- ekud lapkyu çfØ;k ds egRo ds ckjs esa le>kus esa & ,l vks ih

4- iSdsftax esa fofHkUu vfrfjä lkexzh ij Kku çkIr djus esa

5- iSfdax yscy vkSj ekudksa ds egRoiw.kZ dk;ksaZ igpkuus esa

6- xksnke esa bLrseky fd;s tkus okys yscy vkSj çrhdksa ds çdkj crkus esa

7- iSfdax ds nkSjku fdl çdkj dk fujh{k.k fd, tkus dh t:jr gS] ds ckjs esa irk djus esa

8- nqdku esa fofHkUu lg;ksfx;ksa dh ftEesnkfj;ksa vkSj Hkwfedkvksa dks le>kus esa A


31

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ iSfdax LFky fdlh Hkh xksnke] forj.k dsaæ] ;k v‚uykbu QqVdj fcØh ds fy, egRoiw.kZ la;kstu gSA

Ÿ vxksZuksfeDl] ekuo 'kjhj ds foKku dk fMtkbu ds lkFk la;kstu ds ckjs esa gS]rkfd ,sls mRikn cuk;s tk ldsa dks tks vPNs fn[ksa] =qfV&jfgr rjhds ls dke djsa vkSj fcydqy fQV gksaA

Ÿ iSdsftax fMtkbZu esa] vxksZuksfeDl dk lcls egRoiw.kZ dk;Z oLrqvksa vkSj xksnke iSdj tks muds lkFk dke jgsa gSa ds chp] 'kkjhfjd vkSj euksoSKkfud lEcU/k gS Ami;ksxdrkZ midj.kksa ds lkFk LoLFk] vkjkenk;d vkSj dq'ky rjhds ls dke djuk pkfg,A ,xksZeksfuDl] fn, x, mRikn ds mi;ksx dks ljy] vf/kd vkjkensg vkSj Li"V cukus ds fy, gSA

Ÿ xksnke iSdj ds ekeys esa] lkekU; iSdsftax vxksZuksfeDl esa] 'kjhj dk lcls egRoiw.kZ Hkkx gkFk gSa A gekjs gkFk] gj iSdsftax ds lkFk dke djrs gSa] ge mls gkFkksa ls Nwrs] mBkrs] [kksyrs] can djrs] idM+rs gSaA


1- dSls ,d iSdj dks ] iSfdax {ks= esa ,d vkbVe / mRikn çkIr gksxk] le>k,a

2- iSdsftax ds j[kj[kko ds ekudksa ds egRo dks igpkuus esa

3- iSfdax esa viukbZ tkus okys vko';d ,xksZu‚fed ekudksa dks le>kus esa

;wfuV 3-1% iSdsftax ds fy, vkbVe çkIr djuk

;wfuV ds mís';

dfg,

Ÿ nwljh xfrfof/k;ksa tSls >qduk] es:naM vxksZuksfeDl] us= vxksZuksfeDl] xnZu vkfn dks Hkh lkeku egÙo nsus dh t#jr gS A

fp= 3-1% gLr vxksZuksfeDl

32

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ vki Nk=ksa ls] foHkhUu ,xksZu‚fed dh eqæk,a tks fd iSdsftax ds nkSjku le{k vk ldrh gSa] ds fy, [kqn dks] Lo;alsod cukus ds fy, iwN ldrs gSa

Ÿ t~;knk vPNh le> ds fy, iSdsftax LFky ds dqN fp= fn[kk,¡ A


33

xksnke iSdj


1- dSls ,d iSdj dks ] iSfdax {ks= esa ,d vkbVe / mRikn çkIr gksxk] le>k,a

2- iSdsftax ds j[kj[kko ds ekudksa ds egRo dks igpkuus esa

3- iSfdax esa viukbZ tkus okys vko';d ,xksZu‚fed ekudksa dks le>kus esa

;wfuV 3-2% ekud lapkyu çfØ;k dk egÙo & SOP

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ ,l vks ih &ekud lapkyu çfØ;k D;k gS\

Ÿ ,d xksnke dh çfØ;k esa ,l vks ih ds egRo dks le>k,aA

Ÿ iSdsftax çfØ;k esa ,l vks ih ds egRo dks le>k,a A

Ÿ le>k,a] D;ksa ,d xksnke iSdj dks ,d ekud lapkyu çfØ;k dk ikyu djus dh t:jr gS\

le>kb,

Ÿ iSdsftax dh fØ;k ds fy, ,l vks ih ds nLrkost dk uewuk dSls cuk;sa

Ÿ fdlh pqukSrh ;k lq/kkj dh fLFkfr esa ,l vks ih ds nLrkostksa dks dSls la'kksf/kr djsa

Ÿ ,l vks ih nLrkost esa la'kks/ku ds fy, dkSu lh fLoØksfä;ka/ eatwfj;ka vko';d gSa

çn'kZu dhft;s

34

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ vkarfjd iSdsftax mRikn laj{k.k dh çfØ;k esa lcls egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gSA tc Hkh dksbZ iSdst fxjk;k tkrk gS fn;k] ÅtkZ dh ,d >Vds dh rjax iSdst ls gksd tkrh gSA ;g >Vds dh ygj varr% mRikn dks uqdlku igqap lgS ;k rksM+ ldrh gSA

Ÿ ,d jksdus okyh ;k tksM+us okyh lkexzh] fdlh oLrq dks fMCcs ds chp ls ,drjQ ;k uhps [kldus ls jksdus dk dke djrk gS A fdlh oLrq dks vyx&Fkyx dj ds j[kus lsvkSj bls >Vds dh ygj ls vyx j[k dj vf/kdrj uqdlku dks Vkyk tk ldrk gSA

Ÿ fofHkUu çdkj dh pknj ds eVsfj;y¼inkFkZ½ ls] NksVs lkeku dks fo'ks"k VqdM+ksa ls yisVdj lqjf{kr j[kk tk ldrk gS A ;g fof/k vf/kd Hkkj okys mRikn dh lqj{kk ds fy, vi;kZIr gS] ij ;g fo'ks"krkSj ij lrg dh lqj{kk ds fy, mi;ksx esa yk;h tkrh gS A

;wfuV 3-3% iSfdax esa lqj{kk laj{k.k


1- iSfdax esa lqj{kk ds egRo dks le>kus esa

2- iSfdax esa o.kZu fd;s tkus okys ekunaMksa dks le>kus esa

3- dq'kfuax ds fy, bLrseky fd;s tkus okyh iSfdax lkexzh ds fofHkUu :iksa dh igpku djus esa

;wfuV ds mís';

foLr`r dhft;s

Ÿ mRikn dh lqj{kk ds eísutj dq'kfuax eVsfj;y ;k vfrfjä vkrafjd iSdsftax ds egÙo

Ÿ mRikn dh ç—fr ds vuqlkj fdl rjg ls dq'kfuax eVsfj;y¼ lkexzh ½ dk p;u djsa

Ÿ dq'kfuax lkexzh ds fofHkUu oxhZdj.k

le>kb,

Ÿ dq'kfuax lkexzh ls mRikn dh iSfdax dj ds fn[kk,¡

çn'kZu dhft;s

Ÿ ykbV] Xykl Vîwc iSdsftax ds fy, bLrseky dh tkus okyh dq'kfux lkexzh D;k gS\

Ÿ eksckby Qksu iSdsftax ds fy, fdl çdkj dh vkarfjd lkexzh dk bLrseky fd;k tkrk gS\

Ÿ ,ybZMh Vhoh iSdsftax ds fy, fdl çdkj dh dq'kfuax lkexzh dk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS\

iwfN,

35

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 3-4% oxZ vkSj ekud


1- iSdsftax esa yscfyax ds egRo dks igpkuus esa

2- fofHkUu çdkj ds yscy ds ckjs esa crk,a vkSj Hksn djsa

3- iSdsftax esa bLrseky fd;s tkus okys çrhdksa vkSj blds l¥~pkyu ekudksa le>k,a

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ iSdsftax ,d mRikn dk HkkSfrd :i n'kkZrk gS] tc dksbZ miHkksäk mls ns[krk gS vkSj yscy iSdsftax dk lwpukRed ?kVd gS A

Ÿ iSdst vkSj yscy crkrs gS fd ml iSdst ;k mRikn dk dSls mi;ksx] ifjogu] iqu%mi;ksx] ;k laxzg djuk gSA

Ÿ yscYl xzkgdksa dk /;ku viuh vkSj [khaprk gS lkFk gh mRikn ds ckjs esa mi;ksxh tkudkjh nsrk gS A

Ÿ yscYl] mRikn ds iSdst ij tkudkfj;ka] tSls mRikn ds fuekZrk] fuekZ.k fd frfFk] mi;ksx fd vkf[kjh rkjh[k]blds ?kVd] mRikn dks dSls mi;ksx esa ykuk gS vkSj bldk j[k j[kko] tkudkfj;ka nsus ds fy, fpidk gksrk gS A

dfg,

36

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ ,d yscy mRikn ds ckjs esa tkudkjh dk okgd gS A yscy- xzkgdksa dks [kjhnh dk fu.kZ; ysus esa lgk;rk djrk ds fy, tkudkjh eqgS;k djokrk gS ;k mRikn ds mi;ksx ds vuqHko dks csgrj cukrk gS A yscYl gks ldrs gSa ;

Ÿ ns[kHkky vkSj mRikn ds mi;ksx ds

Ÿ O;atuksa vkSj lq>koksa ds

Ÿ lkexzh vkSj iks"kd rRoksa fd tkudkjh ds

Ÿ mRikn fd X;kj.Vh ds

Ÿ fuekZrk dk uke vkSj irk ds

Ÿ otu c;kuksa ds

Ÿ cspus vkSj vkf[kjh rkfj[k ds

Ÿ psrkofu;ksa ds

Ÿ yscYl esa mi;ksx fd;s x, fpUg&& dbZ çdkj ds fpUgksa dks jkf"Vª; vkSj varjjk"Vªh; Lrjksa ij iSdst yscfyax ds fy, ekudh—r fd;k x;k gS AmiHkksäk iSdsftax ds fy, mRikn çek.k&i=] VªsMekdZ vkSj [kjhnh ds lcwr ds fy, fpUg gSa AdqN t:jrsa vkSj fpUg miHkksäk ds mi;ksx vkSj lqj{kk ds fy, ds ckjs esa crkus ds fy, gksrs gSa A i;kZoj.k vkSj iqu%mi;ksx ds fpUgksa ds mngkj.k gSa] jhlkbfDyax fpUg]jky ¼jsftu½igpku dksM vkSj gjk fcanq A

foLr`r dhft;s

1- fpUg __________ ds fy, gS

2- fpUg __________ ds fy, gS

3- fpUg ____________ ds fy, gS

iwfN,

37

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 3-5% iSdsftax ds nkSjku fd;s tkus okys fufj{k.k


1- iSfdax ds nkSjku fd;s tkus okys vko';d fufj{k.k dks fn[kk,a

2- mRikn iSdsftax esa fd;s tkusokys fofHkUu fufj{k.k fcanqvksa dks crk,

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ ,d iSdsftax dk lcls igyk çHkko gh bldh lQyrk dh dqath gSA blls miHkksäk }kjk og mRikn

38

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

;wfuV 3-6% fofHkUu lgdfeZ;ksa dh nqdku esa Hkwfedk vkSj ftEesnkjh


1- nwljs lgdfeZ;ksa dh Hkwfedk vkSj ftEesnkfj;ksa dk o.kZu djus esa

2- vkns'k ds çokg vkSj inkuqØe dk xgu Kku çkIr djus esa

3- xksnke iSdj dh Hkwfedk le>us esa

4- jln J`a[kyk esa nwljs lgdfeZ;ksa dk egÙo vkSj ;ksxnku le>kus esa

5- nqljs lgdfeZ;ksa ds lkFk tqMh gqbZ leL;kvksa vkSj tksf[keksa ds ckjs esa crkus esa

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ fdlh pqukSrh ;k çfrfnu dh nwljh xfrfof/k;ksa ds fy, xksnke iSdj iSfdax i;Zos{kd ;k xksnke çca/kd dks fjiksVZ djrk gS

Ÿ xksnke iSdj xzkgdksa ds vkMZj dks Hkjus vkSj mUgsa fMyhojh LFky ij daiuh ds lqj{kk] lko/kkuh rFkk mRikndrk ds ekudks ds vuqlkj Hkstus ds fy, ftEesnkj gksrk gS |

Ÿ iqV&vos lgk;d og O;fä gS tks fd lkeku dks vyekjh esa ;k nqljs fu/kkZfjr Hk.Mkj {ks=ksa esa ,d Øe esa tekdj lgh

39

xksnke iSdj

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fVIif.k;k¡

40

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

41

xksnke iSdj

LSC/N2310

4- xksnke esa eky dh fuxjkuh ;wfuV 4-1 & uqdlku vkSj ?kkVs dk ys[kk tks[kk

;wfuV 4-2 & nLrkostksa dk fooj.k

;wfuV 4-3 & çfØ;k esa cnyko/dk;Z funsZ'k dk tksf[ke vkSj çHkko

;wfuV 4-4 & xksnke iSdj ds fy, t:jh dkS'ky

42

QSflfyVsVj xkbM


1- le>kuk fd iSfdax çfd;k ds nkSjku gksus okyh {kfr vkSj uqdlkuksa dks dSls laHkkyk

2- iSdsftax esa gksus okys mRikn fd {kfr vkSj uqDlku ds fofHkUu dkj.kksa dk irk yxkuk

3- {kfr dks ntZ djkus ds fy, laxBukRed çfØ;k dks le>kuk

4- lapkyu iSfdax dks v|ru djus esa vyx vyx rjhdksa dh O;k[;k

5- xksnke iSdj ds fy, vko';d fofHkUu tkudkfj;ksa dks igpkuuk

6- bUosaVjh lwfp vkSj lkexzh vuqjks/k Q‚eZ ds chp çfof"V esa varj irk djuk

7- O;fäxr lqj{kk midj.k Q‚eZ ds mi;ksx dks igpkuuk

8- ds- ih- vkbZ- vkSj MS'kcksMZ dks le>kuk

9- dk;Z funsZ'kksa ds egÙo dks igpkuuk

10- dk;Z funsZ'kksa esa mfpr vkSj vuqfpr dks le>kuk

11- fLrfFk ds lkFk vuqdwyu vkSj rnuqlkj iSfdax çfØ;k dk fuoZgu

12- nh x;h ifjfLrfFk esa phtksa dks lgh O;fä ds le{k lgh rkSj ij j[kus dk o.kZu djuk

13- Vhe dkS'ky ds egRo dk o.kZu


43

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ Nk=ksa dk Lokxr djsa vkSj vfHkoknu djsaA mUgksus vius fiNys l= esa tks lh[kk mls nksgjk,¡A ns[ksa fd D;k mUgs dksbZ lansg gSA

;wfuV 4-1% uqdlku vkSj ?kkVs dk ys[kk tks[kk


1- -iSdsftax esa mRikn dh {kfr vkSj uqDlku ds fofHkUu dkj.kksa dks igpkuuk

2- {kfr vkSj gkfu ds ekeys esa fjiksVZ çfØ;k dks le>kuk

3- iSfdax çfØ;k ds ckn v|ru fd çfØ;k dks le>kuk

;wfuV ds mís';

dj

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks le>kuk dh fdl rjg ls {kfrxzLr lkeku dks iSfdax ds nkSjku igpkus

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks le>kuk fd xksnke dh çfØ;k ds nkSjku gksus okys uqDlku vkSj gkfu ds lkFk dSls fuiVsa

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks mngkj.k ds lkFk {kfr vkSj uqDlku le>kuk

Ÿ vanj vkus okys vkSj cgkj tkus okys jln ds nkSjku gksus okyh lkekU; leL;kvksa ftlls {kfr vkSj uqDlku gksrk gS dk lkeuk djuk | ;s uqDlku [kjkc iSfdax] mrkjrs vkSj pkb,

44

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ vki Nk=ksa ls] foHkhUu ,xksZu‚fed dh eqæk,a tks fd iSdsftax ds nkSjku le{k vk ldrh gSa] ds fy, [kqn dks] Lo;alsod cukus ds fy, iwN ldrs gSa

Ÿ t~;knk vPNh le> ds fy, iSdsftax LFky ds dqN fp= fn[kk,¡ A


fp= 4-1% uqdlku vkSj ?kkVk

45

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ xksnke og txg gS tgka cgqr vkoktkgh jgrh gS tSls lkeku dk vanj vkuk] lkeku dk cgkj tkuk] e'khu ;k midj.kksa fd vkoktkgh

Ÿ çR;sd dk;Zokgh dk fjd‚MZ j[kus ds fy, dk;Zokgh ds nLrkosthdj.k rFkk mfpr v|ru fd vko';drk gS

Ÿ xksnke çfØ;k ds fy, lkexzh fd gSaMfyax ds midj.k cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ midj.k gSa tSls gekjs gkFk vkSj iSj ftuds fcuk xksnke ds vanj lkeku dks gVkuk cgqr eqf'dy gksxk | vr% lkexzh ds gSaMfyax ds midj.k dk j[k j[kko rFkk blds VwVus vkSj [kjkc gksus dk le; fy[kuk çfØ;k dh n{krk dh x.kuk ds fy, cgqr egRoiw.kZ gS

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls dgsa fd ,d bUosaVjh buoMZ Q‚eZ ds uewus dk elkSnk lHkh vko';d fooj.k ds lkFk rS;kj djsa

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls dgsa fd midj.k MkmuVkbe fjd‚MZ dk ,d uewuk rS;kj dj mlls le>k,a

dfg,

;wfuV 4-2% nLrkostksa dk fooj.k


1- iSdj }kjk mi;ksx esa yk;s tkus okyh fofHkUu nLrkostksa dks le>kb;s

2- osaMj Q‚eZ dks ykSVkus fd Hkwfedk dh O;k[;k dhft;s

3- bUosaVjh lwfp vkSj lkexzh vuqjks/k Q‚eZ ds chp çfof"V esa varj irk djuk

4- O;fäxr lqj{kk midj.k Q‚eZ ds mi;ksx dks igpkuuk

5- ds- ih- vkbZ- vkSj MS'kcksMZ dks le>kuk

6- MSest fjiksVZ Q‚eZ dks Hkjuk vkSj mldk mi;ksx

;wfuV ds mís';

vH;kl

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks fn[kk,a fd ,d bUosaVjh fjd‚MZ Qkby dSls cukbZ tkrh gS

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks fn[kk,a fd ,d bUosaVjh fjd‚MZ Qkby esa la'kks/ku dSls fd;k tkrk gS

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks fn[kk,a fd ,d xksnke çfØ;k esa nq?kZVuk/?kVuk fd fjiksVZ dSls cukbZ tkrh gS

çn'kZu dhft;s

46

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

;wfuV 4-3% çfØ;k esa cnyko/dk;Z funsZ'k dk tksf[ke vkSj çHkko


1- dk;Z funsZ'ku ds egÙo dks igpkus

2- dk;Z funsZ'ku esa cnyko ds dkj.k vkSj vlj dks igpkus

3- dk;Z funsZ'ku ds ikyu ds os/k vkSj fu"ks/k dks le>k,a

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ mfpr fp=ksa o rkfydkvksa ds }kjk dk;Z funsZ'k ds os/k vkSj fu"ks/k

çn'kZu dhft;s

Ÿ fdlh çfØ;k fd orZeku fLrfFk dks le>us] fujarj lq/kkj dk leFkZu djus vkSj lq/kkjksa dks ekius ds fy, ekudks fd vko';drk gksrh gS

Ÿ fdlh Hkh dk;Z dks ekudh—r djuk vfuok;Z ugha gS ijarq laHkkfor buiqV] çfØ;k vkSj vkmViqV dks Hkh foLrkj esa ntZ fd;k tkuk pkfg,

Ÿ nLrkost bruk LiLV gksuk pkfg, fd dksbZ Hkh ckgjh O;fä bl çfØ;k esa Hkkx ys lds] çfØ;k dks le> lds vkSj ,d Vhe ds lØh; lnL; dh rjg lapkyu dj lds] vkSj çfØ;k esa mfpr ;ksxnku ns lds

Ÿ xksnke çfØ;k esa lcls egRoiw.kZ çfØ;k ekud l¥~pkyu çfØ;k fd enn ls çysf[kr djrs gSa vkSj bldh vkxs ds lq/kkjksa ds fy, yxkrkj leh{kk dh tkuk pkfg,

dfg,

47

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ fdlh Hkh cgqjk"Vªh; nqdku esa tk,a vkSj xzkgd lsok ds fy, mBk;s dneksa dk fuj{k.k djsa | 'kk;n gh vki ogka fdlh dks mldk dk;Z dSls fd;k tk;s ds ckjs esa funsZ'k iqfLrdk i

48

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

;wfuV 4-4% xksnke iSdj ds fy, t:jh dkS'ky


1- O;Lr] lkekU; vkSj [kkyh le; esa iSdsftax ds lgh rjhdksa dk fu/kkZj.k djus esa

2- fjiksfVaZx lajpuk dk o.kZu djus esa

3- lapkj ds fofHkUu pkSuyksa dk o.kZu djus esa

4- laxBu laj{k.k esa o`f) eSfVªDl dk Kku çkIr djus esa

5- lajpuk esa lgh O;fä ds ikl o`f) ds lgh rjhds dk fu/kkZj.k djus esa

6- Vhe dkS'ky ds egRo dk o.kZu djus esa

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ vf/kd mRikndrk ds fy, ;kstuk vkSj le; dk çca/ku t:jh gS

Ÿ ;kstuk vkSj laxBu v‚fQl esa vkidks 'kq: ls ifjtksu ds var rd /;ku dsafær j[kdj vkids le; dks vkSj Hkh çHkkodkjh cuk nsrk gS

Ÿ ,d laxBukRed ;kstuk nqljs Vhe ds lnL;ksa] tks fd bl fØ;k fd lEiw.kZrk esa lgk;d gSa ds lkFk lk>snkjh vkSj lwpuk ds fou;e; dks c

49

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ d{kk ds vanj] ,d ewy vkSj xUrO; dk fu/kkZj.k djds vki Nk=ksa dks lcls de nwjh dh ;k=k fd igpku ds fy, 'kkfey dj ldrs gSa

Ÿ Q'kZ ij dpjk vkSj csdkj dkxt Qsyk nsa rFkk dk;Z LFky ij Q'kZ dks lkQ j[kus ds ifj.kkeksa dks LiLV djsa

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks HkaMkj.k jSDl vkSj nqljs HkaMkj.k ra= tks xksnke esa mi;ksx esa yk;s tkrs gSa] ds lkekU; çca/ku ds ckjs esa t~;knk f'kf{kr djsa

Ÿ Nk=ksa ls iwNsa fd le; çca/ku D;k gS\

Ÿ leL;k fuokj.k D;k gS\

Ÿ ruko fd fLrfFk ls fuiVus ds fy, muds D;k fopkj gSa ;kfu fd og D;k djsxs\



Ÿ ,d Nk= dks xksnke fidj vkSj nqljs dks xksnke i;Zos{kd ds :i esa dk;Z djus dks dgsa vkSj ihfdax çfØ;k ds nkSjku vkus okyh pqukSfr;ksa vkSj leL;kvksa ds lapkyu vkSj leL;kvksa dks dSls lq/kkjk tk;s dh çfØ;k dks n'kkZ,a

çn'kZu dhft;s

50

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ t~;knk çHkkodkjh gksus ds rjhds \

Ÿ yksxksa dh enn djsa

Ÿ f'kdk;r djus ls cpsa

Ÿ mPp ÅtkZ cuk;s j[ksa

Ÿ lkewfgd dk;Z djsa

Ÿ vkRefo'okl dk fu/kkZj.k djsa

Ÿ leL;kvksa dk lek/kku djsa

Ÿ Hkkoukvksa ij çfrfØ;k er djks] vPNk fu.kZ; ysa

Ÿ le; çca/ku D;k gS\

Ÿ le; çca/ku] vki fdl rjg fdlh ,d fof'k"V xfrfof/k esa fdruk le; nsaxs dh ;kstuk cukuk vkSj laxBu dk rjhdk gS

Ÿ viuh dk;Z&;kstuk dks ges'kk lkFk j[ksa

Ÿ fnu fd ;kstuk cuk,a vkSj 'kq#vkr djsa

Ÿ fcuk :dkoV ds xfrfof/k;ksa dks cuk,a

Ÿ fod"kZ.k dks jksdsa rFkk fod"kZ.k ls vius vki dks nwj j[ksa

Ÿ mngkj.k Qslcqd] OgkV~l,Ii vkfn

dfg,

51

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ leL;k dks lqy>kuk

Ÿ vkidh Hkwfedk dk ewyHkwr fgLlk mUgsa gy djus ds jkLrs uk gS

Ÿ O;Lr Jksrk

Ÿ lquuk /;ku ls lquus ls vyx gS

Ÿ lqurs od~r /;ku nsa vkSj fo"k; ls /;ku u gVus nsa

Ÿ oäk ij iwjk /;ku nsa

Ÿ vius nkfgus dku ls lqus

Ÿ vkils lEcaf/kr ckrphr dks fn'kkfunsZf'kr djsa o n[ky ls cpsa

Ÿ tks dgk tk jgk gS mles viuh :fp fn[kk,a

Ÿ QSlyksa dks nwj j[ksa

Ÿ viuh jk; crk,a

le>kb,

52

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ ,d ;k nks Nk=ksa dks xSj&ekSf[kd vfHkO;fä çnku djus ds fy, iwNks vkSj le> dk irk yxk,a

Ÿ xSj&ekSf[kd Hkko le>s

çfØ;k

fp= 4-2% ekSf[kd vfHkO;fä

53

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ ruko esa 'kkar jgsaA

Ÿ dke] Hkkoukvksa] fopkj çfØ;k vkSj 'kkjhfjd xfrfof/k;ksa dk çca/ku dfBu gksxkA viuk vkik [kksus fd laHkkouk,a dkQh gS A vr% /;ku dsafær j[kus ds fd;s csgrj gS fd 'kkar jg ds lkspk tk; o çfrfØ;k nh tk; A

Ÿ ruko vkSj xqLls esa fy, x, fu.kZ; xyr gks ldrs gSA

Ÿ ,d rF; j[ksa vkSj vius rF; ds leFkZu ds fy, i;kZIr tkudkfj;ka eqgS;k djok,aA

Ÿ vius 'kCnksa dks lkQ lkQ dgsa] cqncqnk, ugha A

Ÿ vius dFku lgh nkax ls j[ksa] rF;ksa ij ckr djsa A

Ÿ lqukus dk dkS'ky

Ÿ lapkj çfØ;k esa lUns'k dks lf'k

54

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

55

xksnke iSdj

LSC/N2104

5- gkmldhfiax dk dk;kZUo;u ;wfuV 5-1 & laHkkfor dke ds [krjksa vkSj lqj{kk eqíksa dh igpku

;wfuV 5-2 & O;kolkf;d / i;kZoj.kh; LokLF; vkSj lqj{kk

56

QSflfyVsVj xkbM


1- ihfdax ds ckn gkmldhfiax ds egÙo dks le>kb;s

2- xksnke ds fofHkUu lkekU; dke ds [krjksa dks le>kb;s

3- O;kolkf;d/i;kZoj.kh; LokLFk; vkSj lqj{kk dks le>kb;s

4- lqj{kk ds egÙo dks le>kb;s

5- lqj{kk ekudks dh voekuuk ds ifj.kkeks dks le>kb;s

6- fofHkUu çdkj fd lkexzh ds fy, lqj{kk vko';drkvksa dh fofHkUurkvksa dks le>kb;s

7- vfXu'keu ekudks vkSj 'krksaZ ds ckjs esa tkudkjh yhft;s

8- vlsacyh i‚baV vkSj fudklh ;kstuk le>us fd dksf'k'k fdft;


56

57

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 5-1% laHkkfor dke ds [krjksa vkSj lqj{kk eqíksa dh igpku


1- xksnke ds vanj ik, tkus okys lkekU; dk;ZLFky ds [krjksa] ds ckjs esa lkspsa

2- dk;ZLFky is gksus okyh nq?kZVukvksa fd ç—fr vkSj mlds ewy dkj.k dks le>kb;s

3- dk;ZLFky ds [krjksa dks jksdus ds fy, t#jh ,frgkru ns[kHkky dk o.kZu dhft;s

4- lqj{kk ekudks fd voekuuk ds ifj.kkeksa dks igpkus

5- fofHkUu çdkj fd lkexzh ds fy, t:jh vyx&vyx lqj{kk dh t:jrksa dks le>kb;s

6- xksnke esa gkmldhfiax dh egÙkk ds ckjs esa crkb;s

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ çR;sd xksnke ds lqpk: l¥~pkyu ds fy, LoLF; vkSj lqj{kk t:jh dkjd gSa

Ÿ ;fn vki xksnke esa dke dj jgs gSa rks dbZ LoLF; vkSj lqj{kk ls lEcaf/kr eqís gSa vkSj çR;sd lnL; dks LoLF; vkSj lqj{kk ds fy, çf'k{k.k fn;k tkrk gS ftles blls lEcaf/kr [kkl fo"k; lekfgr gksrs gSa

Ÿ xksnke iSdj dks ,d ftEesnkj O;fä dh rjg ;g lqfuf'pr djuk gksrk gS fd xksnke ds lHkh deZpkjh vko';d ih-bZ-bZ-& lqjf{kr dk;Z ds fy, O;fäxr lqj{kk midj.kksa dk mi;ksx dj jgs gSa

Ÿ xksnke iSdj dks ;g lqfuf'pr djuk gksrk gS dh os vkSj xksnke ds nqljs dk;Zdkjh lnL; daiuh dh LoLF; vkSj lqj{kk uhfr;ksa ls ifjfpr gSa vkSj [kqn dh lqj{kk vkSj vU; LVkQ ds lnL;ksa & lgHkkfx;ksa vkSj vkxarqdksa dh lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuk loksZifj gS

Ÿ xksnke iSdj ds fy, t:jh gS fd og ,d lqjf{kr okrkoj.k dks lqfuf'pr dj mldk çca/ku] lqj{kk ekudks vkSj l¥~pkyu çfØ;kvksa dk ikyu dj djsa] lHkh [krjksa dh fjiksVZ cuk,a vkSj ikyu djsa] ihihbZ ds mi;ksx vkSj lko/kkuh ds ckjs esa O;fä;ksa dks funsZf'kr djsa vkSj ikyu dks lqfuf'pr djsa] MCyw-,p-,E-vkbZ-,l dk ikyu vkSj blh rjg ds vU; ftEesnkjh iw.kZ {ks=ksa ls lEcaf/kr dkuwu dk ikyu djsa

Ÿ nq?kZVuk/?kVuk dh tk¡p iM+rky fjiksVZ ij v|ru j[ksa vkSj ikyu djsa

dfg,

58

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks cqfu;knh gkmldhfiax ra= ij

Ÿ dk;ZLFky dh gkmldhfiax ij gesa D;ksa /;ku nsuk pkfg, \

Ÿ dk;ZLFky fd gkmldhfiax dk D;k mís'; gS\

Ÿ vPNh gkmldhfiax çFkkvksa ds D;k dqN ykHk gSa\

Ÿ ,d çHkkoh gkmldhfiax dk;ZØe ds ?kVd D;k gSa\

le>kb,

Ÿ deZpkfj;ksa dh lqfo/kk,a i;kZIr] LoPN vkSj vPNh gksuk pkfg, | ;fn deZpkjh fdlh [krjukd lkexzh dk mi;ksx dj jgs gSa rks deZpkjh lqfo/kk,a] [kkl lko/kkfu;ka tSls ugkuk] /kksus fd lqfo/kk vkSj diM+s cnyus ds fy, dejk çnku djuk pkfg, | dqN lqfo/kkvksa ds fy, nks rkykcan dejs ftlds chp esa ugkus dk dejk gks dh vko';drk gks ldrh gS

Ÿ ,d xksnke fidj dks lrg dh lQkbZ] Hk.Mkj.k ra= fd lQkbZ vkSj dpjs vkSj xUnxh dks Qsdus ds egÙo ij t~;knk /;ku nsuk pkfg,

foLr`r dhft;s

d{kk esa lHkh vko';d ihihbZ & O;fäxr lqj{kk midj.kksa dks crk,a vkSj Nk=ksa ls mi;ksx vkSj vko';drk ds vk/kkj ij mUgsa igpkuus dks dgsa :

Ÿ ÅapkbZ ij dke djrs od~r

Ÿ xfy;kjs ls] tgka Hkkjh lkeku Å¡ps jSd esa tek gksa ls xqtjrs ;k mles pyrs od~r

Ÿ jlk;u ds lkFk gkFkksa ls dke djrs od~r

Ÿ iSjksa dh lqj{kk ds fy, lqj{kk lko/kkuh

vH;kl

59

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 5-2% O;kolkf;d / i;kZoj.kh; LokLF; vkSj lqj{kk


1- vfXu'keu ekudks vkSj 'krksaZ dks le>kb;s

2- vlsacyh i‚baV vkSj fudklh ;kstuk dks tkfu,

3- fofHkUu lqj{kk eksd fMªy ds ckjs esa vkSj vkikrdkyhu fLrfFk esa dSls çfrfØ;k djsa ds ckjs esa

;wfuV ds mís';

Ÿ ,d fudklh ;kstuk] fdlh vkikrdkyhu le; esa xksnke ls lqjf{kr cgkj dSls fudysa crkrh gS | xksnke dk çR;sd lnL; vkSj vkxarqd xksnke ds ckgj fudyus ds vusd rjhdksa ls ifjfpr gksuk pkfg, vkSj bZekjr ds cgkj lqjf{kr feyus fd txg ds ckjs esa mUgsa irk gksuk pkfg, | lk/kkj.k 'kCnksa esa ,d vkikrdkyhu fudklh ;kstuk yksxksa dk [krjs ;k [krjs dh okLrfod txg ls rRdky ,oa vkikrdkyhu fudkl gS

Ÿ xksnke esa dqN {ks= lqjf{kr feyus ds LFkku ds :i esa lqfuf'pr fd;s tkrs gSa | fdlh vkikrdkyhu fLrfFk esa lHkh xksnke ds lgdfeZ;ksa dks ml fof'k"V feyus ds LFkku ij ,df=r gksus fd lykg nh tkrh gS | fdlh nq?kZVuk ;k vkink dh fLrfFk esa ftEesnkj O;fä;ksa ds fy, ¼foHkkxh; lqj{kk vf/kdkjh/vkx okMZu/i;Zos{kd vkfn½ ;g t:jh gS fd mUgsa vius lgdfeZ;ksa ds ckjs irk gks | vkx ls cp fudyus ds jkLrs ds ud~'ks ij fof'k"V ,df=r gksus ds LFky n'kkZ;s tkus pkfg,

Ÿ çkFkfed fpfdRlk e‚d fMªy vkikrdkyhu fLrfFk ds nkSjku vko';d çfrfØ;k dk ifj{k.k xSj&vkikrdkyhu fLrfFk esa djrk gS vkSj xksnke ds deZpkjh dks dfBu vkikrdkyhu le; esa tYnh ls çfrfØ;k djus ds fy, f'kf{kr djrk gS | ;g ,d lgdehZ dks çk.k?kkrd pksVsa] liZna'k e‚d fMªy] vfXu nq?kZVukvksa vkfn dqN Hkh gks ldrk gS

dfg,

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QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ fuEu dk;Zfof/k;ksa ls ,d lqj{kk e‚d fMªy vk;ksftr djus fd dksf'k'k djsa:

1- Nk=ksa dks e‚d fMªy ds ckjs esa lhVh ctkdj ;k lkbZju ls] psrkouh nsa

2- d{kk ds ckgj ,d lqjf{kr ,df=r gksus dk LFkku lqfuf'pr djsa vkSj vxys fudklh vkns'k rd Nk=ksa dks ml fof'k"V {ks= esa ,df=r jgus nsa

3- lqjf{kr ,df=r gksus ds LFky ij ysV vkus] dksbZ nq?kZVus ?kVus] ogk¡ rd vkus esa vk;h pqukSfr;ksa ds ckjs esa ,d fjiksVZ cuk;s

4- vkx cq>kus ds fy, vfXu'kked ;k jsr ;k ikuh dh ckYVh dk mi;ksx dj vkx cq>kus ds dqN uewuksa dk çn'kZu djsa

5- mfpr esfMdy midj.k dk mi;ksx dj fdlh gkFk ;k iSj dh nq?kZVuk ds fy, çkFkfed fpfdRlk e‚d fMªy dk uewuk is'k djsa

çfØ;k

1- dk;ZLFky ds [krjksa ds dksbZ Hkh … vke çdkj fd lwfp cuk,a

2- ,df=r gksus dk lqjf{kr LFky D;k gS \

3- fudklh ;kstuk ysvkmV dk o.kZu djsa

4- çkFkfed fpfdRlk e‚d fMªy dk egÙo D;k gS \

5- ,df=r gksus dk lqjf{kr LFky egRoiw.kZ D;ksa gS \

vH;kl

61

xksnke iSdj

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fVIif.k;k¡

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QSflfyVsVj xkbM

63

xksnke iSdj

6- fu;¨tuh;rk ,oa m|e’khyrk d©’ky;qfuV 6-1 & O;fDrxr ,oa {kerk,a ewY;

;qfuV 6-2 & fMftVy lk{kjrk% iqujko`fÙk

;qfuV 6-3 & /ku laca/kh ekeys

;qfuV 6-4 & jkstxkj jkstxkj Ok LOk ds fy, rS;kjh djuk

;qfuV 6-5 & m|e'khyrk dks le>uk

;qfuV 6-6 & m|eh cuus dh rS;kjh djuk

64

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

bl lqxedrkZ xkbM esa fofHkUu xfrfof/k;k¡ 'kkfey gSa ftuls vkidks l=ksa dks lekos'kh vkSj laoknkRed cukus esa lqxedrkZ ds :i esa enn feysxhA

vkbl czsdj

Ÿ vki fuEufyf[kr vkbl czsdj ds lkFk e‚Mîwy dh 'kq#vkr dj ldrs gSaA

dksbZ Hkh ik¡p vkbl czsdj LVsi%

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks pkj ;k ik¡p ds lewgksa esa foHkkftr djsa vkSj muds uacj gVk,¡A vki ,slk blfy, djrs gSa D;ksafd yksx çk;: mUgha yksxksa ds lkFk cSBd djrs gSa ftUgsa os igys ls vPNh rjg ls ifjfpr gksrs gSaA½

Ÿ u, cus lewgksa ls dgsa fd vius vlkbuesaV esa viuh ik¡p ilanhnk fQYesa] vius ik¡p ilanhnk miU;kl ;k ik¡p lcls de ilanhnk fQYesa 'kkfey djsaA fo"k; dksbZ Hkh ik¡p gks ldrk gS & lcls vf/kd ilanhnk ;k v#fpdjA

Ÿ ;g vkbl czsdj lewg dks lk>k—r fnypfLi;ksa dks O;kid :i ls ,sDlIyksj djus esa vkSj bl ckjs esa O;kid ifjppkZ djus esa enn djrk gS fd çR;sd O;fä D;ksa vius p;fur ik¡p dks ilan ;k ukilan djrk gSA

Ÿ lewgksa ls dgsa fd ,d O;fä uksV cuk, vkSj vlkbuesaV iwjk gksus ij vius lewg ifjppkZ dh eq[; ckrksa dks d{kk esa lk>k djsA

vis{kkvksa ds :ijs[kk rS;kj djuk

1- igys l= vkSj vkbl czsdj l= ds ckn] lgHkkfx;ksa dks fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa dk mÙkj nsus dks dgsa% Þbl f'k{k.k ls eSa D;k lh[kus dh vis{kk d:a\ß

2- fdlh ,d lgHkkxh dks f¶yi pkVZ 'khV ij vius ;ksxnkuksa ds ckjs esa fy[kus nsaA

3- çf'k{k.k esa 'kkfey lkefxz;ksa dh viuh lwph dks nwljs f¶yi pVZ 'khV ij fy[ksaA

4- nksuksa 'khV dh rqyuk djsa] bl ckr ij fVIi.kh djsa fd çf'k{k.k ds nkSjku D;k&D;k 'kkfey fd, tk,axs vkSj ughaA

5- çf'k{k.k l= ds fy, dqN ewyHkwr fu;e r; djsaA lgHkkfx;ksa ls bu fu;eksa dks f¶yipkVZ ij Mkyus vkSj d{kk esa çnf'kZr djus dks dgsaA

6- vki çf'k{k.k ds vafre l= ds vkf[kjh esa ,d ckj fQj mu 'khVksa ij okil ykSV ldrs gSaA

7- bl xfrfof/k dks djus ds Qk;ns%

Ÿ lgHkkxh vPNk eglwl djrs gSa D;ksafd muds fopkj lqus tkrs gSaA

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks ekywe gksrk gS fd çf'k{k.k ls muls D;k vis{kk dh tk,xhA

Ÿ lqxedrkZ dks ekywe gksrk gS fd çf'k{k.k ds nkSjku fdu fcanqvksa ij cy nsuk gS] fdUgsa NksM+uk gS vkSj fdUgsa tksM+uk gSA

8- lgHkkfx;ksa ls vis{kk,¡%

Ÿ d{kk esa vkrs gh vVsaMsal 'khV ij vo'; gLrk{kj djsA

Ÿ vius vki dks ldkjkRed rjhds ls is'k djsA

Ÿ le;c)] rRij vkSj lgHkkxh cusA

9- ,d&,d dj 'kkfey gksus okys fo"k;ksa dh O;k[;k djsa vkSj bls iwoZ esa fd, x, vis{kkvksa ds ekiu ls dusDV djsaA

10- bl vH;kl ds var esa] lgHkkfx;ksa dks l= ls dh tkus okyh vis{kkvksa ds ckjs esa ,d Li"V le> gksuh pkfg, vkSj ;g Hkh le>uk pkfg, fd os {ks= dkSu&dkSu ls gSa ftUgsa 'kkfey ugha fd;k tk,xkA

mís';ksa dks ifjHkkf"kr djuk

1- ;wfuV ds vkjaHk esa mís';ksa dks ifjHkkf"kr djus ls ;wfuV dk ewM fu/kkZfjr gksrk gSA

ifjp;% fu;kstuh;rk vkSj m|ferk dkS'ky

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2- efLr"d esa var ds lkFk 'kq# djus ls bl :i esa lgHkkfx;ksa dh vis{kk,¡ fu/kkZfjr gksrh gSa fd l= ls fudyus okyh egRoiw.kZ ckrsa D;k gks ldrh gSaA

3- ;g lgHkkfx;ksa dks mudh viuh f'k{k.k çfØ;k ds çfr ftEesnkj cukus dk rjhdk Hkh ,d rjhdk gSA

4- lqxedrkZ ds fy,] mís'; vfHkdfYir iFk dk fu/kkZj.k djrs gSa ftlij os vkxs c

66

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

4- laf{kIr o`Ùkkar dsoy vkjafHkd fcanq gksrk gSA ;g l= ;k xfrfof/k ds –'; vkSj Vksu dk fu/kkZj.k djrk gSA laf{kIr o`Ùkkar dks lanfHkZr djrs jgus dh dksf'k'k u djsa D;ksafd ;g cSBd dh lgtrk dks çHkkfor djsxkA orkZyki xfrfof/k dks fodflr djus dh vuqefr nsa tSlk vkidks yxrk gS fd okLrfod thou esa gks ldrk gS vkSj vU; 'kkfey O;fä;ksa ds O;ogkj vkSj çfrfØ;kvksa ds vuqlkj viuh çfrfØ;k,¡ cnysaA

5- ;fn vkidks ,slk yxrk gS fd vkids ikl bruh de tkudkjh gSa fd vki ç'u dk mÙkj ugha ns ldrs ;k ifjfLFkfr esa tks gqvk mldk o.kZu ugha dj ldrs] rks fu:ladksp vius [kqn ds fopkj vkSj vkbfM;k çLrqr djsaA bUgsa viuh Hkwfedk ds nk;js ds vanj j[ksa vkSj vius rkRdkfyd çn'kZu dks ;FkklaHko okLrfod cukus dh dksf'k'k djsaA

67

xksnke iSdj

;wfuV 6-1% O;fDrxr {kerk,a ,oa ewY;

lh[kus ds çeq[k ifj.kke

bl ;wfuV dh lekfIr ij] lgHkkxh esa l{ke gäxs%fuEufyf[kr

1- LokLF; dk vFkZ le>kus esa

2- vke LokLF; leL;kvksa d¨ lwphc) djus esa

3- vke LokLF; leL;kvksa dh j¨dFkke gsrq lq>koä ij ppkZ djus esa

4- LoPNrk dk vFkZ le>kus esa

5- LoPN Hkkjr vfHk;ku dk mÌs“; le>us esa

6- vknr dk vFkZ le>kus esa

7- lqjf{kr ,d dk;Z ifjos“k dh LFkkiuk ds rjhdä dh ppkZ djus esa

8- dh yh lqj{kk dh deZpkfj;ä }kjk ikyu tkus ok egRoiw.kZ vknrä dh ppkZ djus esa

9- vkRefo“ys‘k.k ds egRo d¨ le>kus esa

10- çsj.kk ppkZ djus esaeSLy¨ ds vko“;drkvksa ds inØe dh lgk;rk ls dh

11- çsj.kk miyfC/k ds vFkZ dh ppkZ djus esa

12- ds lkFk m|fe;ksa miyfC/k çsj.kk dh fo“ks‘krkvksa d¨ lwphc) djus esa

13- vkid¨ çsfjr djus okys fofHkUu dkjdä d¨ lwphc) djus esa

14- vkRefo“ys‘k.k esa ço`fÙk dh Hkwfedk dh ppkZ djus esa

15- ldkjkRed ço`fÙk cuk, j[kus ds rjhds dh ppkZ djus esa

16- viuh rkdrä ,oa det+¨fj;ä d¨ lwphc) djus esa

17- Ãekunkj y¨xä ds xq.kä dh ppkZ djus esa

18- m|fe;ksa esa Ãekunkjh ds egRo dh O;k[;k djus esa

19- uSfrdrk ,d n`koä dh ppkZ djus esa

68

QSflfyVsVj xkbM


Ÿ LokLF; dk vFkZ le>kus esa

Ÿ vke LokLF; leL;kvksa d¨ lwphc) djus esa

Ÿ vke LokLF; leL;kvksa dh j¨dFkke gsrq lq>ko¨a ij ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ LoPNrk dk vFkZ le>kus esa

Ÿ LoPN Hkkjr vfHk;ku dk mÌs“; le>us esa

Ÿ vknr dk vFkZ le>kus esa

Ÿ iqfLrdklgHkkxh

Ÿ ÞLokLF;ß 'kCn ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\

Ÿ vkids vuqlkj] LoLFk O;fä dkSu gksrk gS\

Ÿ lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa fn, vuqlkj LokLF; vkSj LoLFk O;fä ds vFkZ ij ppkZ djsaA

Ÿ d{kk ds Lo;alsfo;ksa ds lkFk ,d NksVk lk uVd djsaA eku ysa fd ,d xzkeh.k dks xk¡o ds LokLF; çfrfuf/k ds :i esa fu;qä fd;k x;k gSA ppkZ fd, x, lkekU; LokLF; leL;kvksa dh jksdFkke ds fy, ,d LokLF; çfrfuf/k gksus ds ukrs vki dkSu&dkSu ls mik; lq>k,¡xsA

Ÿ vkidks de ls de 4 Lo;alsfo;ksa dh t:jr gksxh ¼lw=/kkj ¼uSjsVj½] LokLF; çfrfuf/k] xk¡o dk eqf[k;k] fpfdRld½A

Ÿ lw=/kkj dks xk¡o dh LokLF; leL;kvksa ds ckjs esa crk,¡A lw=/kkj d{kk dks ukVd ds ckjs esa crk,xkA

Ÿ ifjppkZ djus ds fy, Lo;alsfo;ksa dks 5 feuV dk oä nsaA

Ÿ 5 feuV ds ckn] mUgsa xzkeh.kksa ds :i esa ns[krs gq, lewg dks ukVd çLrqr djus dks dgsaA

Ÿ d{kk ,d vke xzkeh.k ds :i esa lewg ls ç'u iwN ldrk gSA

Ÿ vkius fiNys ckj dc M‚DVj ls feys\ D;k ;g vkids ;k vkids ifjokj ds fy, Fkk\

Ÿ lkekU; dQ] ,sythZ bR;kfn tSls lkekU; LokLF; leL;kvksa ij ppkZ djsaA lgHkkxh iqfLrdk ns[ksaA

Ÿ vkb, ge ,d NksVh lh xfrfof/k djsaA eq>s dqN Lo;alsfo;ksa dh vko';drk gksxhA

;wfuV 6-1-1% LokLF;] vknrsa] LoPNrk% LokLF; D;k gS\

;wfuV ds mÌs’;

mi;ksx fd, tkus okys lalk/ku

iwNsa

dgsa

iwNsa

dgsa

Hkwfedk fuHkkuk

69

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ vkb, vc ge ns[ksa fd buesa ls fdrus LokLF; ekudksa dks gke vius nSfud thou esa mrkjrs gSaA

Ÿ iqfLrdk ls LokLF; ekud tk¡plwphlgHkkxh

Ÿ vkiesa ls fdrus yksx ;g lksprs gSa fd vki LoLFk gSa\ vkiesa ls fdrus yksx LokLF;dj vknrksa dk ikyu djrs gSa\

Ÿ Þvkb, ge ;g tkuus ds fy, ,d vH;kl djsa fd vki fdrus LoLF; gSaÞA

Ÿ s LokLF;] vknrsa] LoPNrk% LokLF; D;k gS\viuh h iqfLrdk esa l ;g vuqHkkx [kksysa] vkSj fn, x, LokLF; lgHkkxekudksa dks /;ku ls i

70

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ vkb, ge ;g tkuus ds fy, ,d vH;kl djsa fd ge csgrj LoPNrk vknrsa cuk, j[krs gSa ;k ughaA

Ÿ viuh lgHkkxh iqfLrdk [kksysa vkSj fn, x, LokLF; ekud tk¡plwph dks /;ku ls i

71

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Ÿ lqjf{kr ,d dk;Z ifjos“k dh LFkkiuk ds rjhdä dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ dh yh lqj{kk dh deZpkfj;ä }kjk ikyu tkus ok egRoiw.kZ vknrä dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ iqfLrdklgHkkxh

Ÿ lqj{kk ladsr rFkk fpà

Ÿ lqj{kk midj.k

Ÿ lkns dkx+t

Ÿ dye

Ÿ fdlh ,d le; ;k vU; le; esa T;knkrj dk;ZLFkyksa esa dÃ vke lqj{kk [krjs ekStwn jgrs gSaA muesa vlqjf{kr n'kk,¡ Hkh 'kkfey jgrh gSa] ftuls nq?kZVuk,¡] chekjh rFkk e`R;q gks ldrh gSA

Ÿ lqj{kk [krjksa esa 'kkfey gSa %

s Q+'kZ ij Nydko ;k yM+[kM+kus ds [krjs] tSls fd vo#) xfy;kjs ;k Q+'kZ ij tkus okys d‚M~lZ bR;kfnA

s Å¡pkÃ ls dke djuk] tSls fd lh

72

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ vkb, bls ,d fØ;kdyki dh enn ls csgrj rs gSaA vkidks vkids lewgksa ds vanj dqN ipsZ fn, tk,¡xsA vkidks vius dk;ZLFky ds laHkkfor [krjksa ds ckjs esa fopkj djuk gksxk] vkSj lkspuk gksxk fd bu [krjksa ls fdl çdkj ds uqdlku gks ldrs gSa vkSj muds lqèkkjkRed dk;Z D;k gSaA

Ÿ vkb, vc viuh ppkZ dks d{kk ds lkFk lk>k djrs gSaA

Ÿ lHkh lewg vius&vi, mÙkjksa dks la{ksi esa is'k djsaxsA

Ÿ d{kk dks ik¡p&Ng lgHkkfx;ksa ds lewgksa esa ckaVsaA

Ÿ xfrfofèk ds fy, çk:i cksMZ ij fy[ksaA

Ÿ gjsd çfrHkkxh dks lknk dkxt vkSj dye nsaA

Ÿ lewg ls dk;ZLFky ij iSnk gksus okys laHkkfor lqj{kk [krjs ij fopkj dj ppkZ djus dh mEehn dh tkrh gSA

Ÿ lewg dks lkns 'khV dh enn ls ppkZ dj çk:i Hkjus dks dgsaA

Ÿ lewgksa dks xfrfofèk iwjk djus ds fy, 5 feuV dk le; nsaA

Ÿ xfrfofèk ds nwljs fgLls ds fy,] d{kk dks lqj{kk ladsrksa] fpàksa] midj.kksa dh dqN rLohjsa fn[kk,¡A

Ÿ vc os fpfàr lqj{kk [krjksa ds lkeus dqN lqj{kk fpàksa] ladsrksa ;k midj.kksa dks fy[ksaxsA

Ÿ mUgsa blij ppkZ djus rFkk Mª‚ djus@uksV cukus ds fy, 5 ls 10 feuV dk oä nsaA

Ÿ 10 feuV ds var esa lewg d{kk ds le{k vius mÙkj is'k djsaxsA

Ÿ Jksrkvksa dks xzqi çstsaVs'ku ds fy, rkfy;k¡ ctkus dks dgsaA

Ÿ gjsd lewg ls lwpuk ikus ds fy, ç'uksa dk la{ksi.k djsaA

Ÿ le; ij è;ku j[ksaA

Ÿ ;fn lgHkkfx;ksa dk le; lhek ls vfèkd gks tk, rks mUgsa ppkZ tYn iwjk djus dks dgsaA

la{ksi.k %

Ÿ bl vH;kl ls vkius D;k lh[kk\

Ÿ ,d m|eh ds ukrs] D;k vius deZpkfj;ksa dks laHkkfor [krjksa ls lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuk vge gksrk gS\ D;ksa\

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa ls vcrd lh[kh pht+ksa ds ckjs esa iwNsaA

Ÿ mlus iwNsa fd D;k muds eu esa vcrd ppkZ dh xÃ ckrksa ls tqM+k dksÃ ç'u gSA

Ÿ ,d lqjf{kr dk;ZLFky rFkk xSj&le>kSrk ;ksX; deZpkjh lqj{kk vknrksa ds fMtkbu ds lq>koksa dks la{ksi esa çLrqr dj ppkZ dk lekiu djsaA

Ÿ dke ds le; dSls vki ;k vkids deZpkjh ?kk;y gks ldrs gSa\

iwNsa

dgsa

djsa

dgsa

djsa

iwNsa

la{ksi esa djsa

73

xksnke iSdj


Ÿ vkRefo“ys‘k.k ds egRo d¨ le>kus esa

Ÿ çsj.kk ppkZ djus esaeSLy¨ ds vko“;drkvksa ds inØe dh lgk;rk ls dh

Ÿ çsj.kk miyfC/k ds vFkZ dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ ds lkFk m|fe;ksa miyfC/k çsj.kk dh fo“ks‘krkvksa d¨ lwphc) djus esa

Ÿ vkid¨ çsfjr djus okys fofHkUu dkjdä d¨ lwphc) djus esa

Ÿ vkRefo“ys‘k.k esa ço`fÙk dh Hkwfedk dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ ldkjkRed ço`fÙk cuk, j[kus ds rjhds dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ viuh rkdrä ,oa det+¨fj;ä d¨ lwphc) djus esa

Ÿ iqfLrdklgHkkxh

Ÿ iqjkus v[kckj

Ÿ cSad ds dkxt

Ÿ isafly@dye

Ÿ ;g dkxt isafly xfrfof/k gSA

os rhu okD; ,sls gSa tks vkidk lcls vPNh rjg ls o.kZu djrs gSa\

vkidks [kq'khiwoZd thus ds fy, fdldh t:jr gksrh gS\

vkidh D;k [kwch vkSj [kkfe;k¡ gSa\

Ÿ l= vkjaHk gksus ls igys cksMZ@f¶yipkVZ ij rhu ç'u fy[ksaA

Ÿ gjsd çfrHkkxh dks lknk dkxt vkSj isafly@dye nsaA

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks dkxt ij rhu ç'uksa ds mÙkj fy[kus dks dgsaA

Ÿ mUgsa crk,¡ fd bl xfrfof/k dk mís'; fdlh dk vkdyu djuk ugha gS] cfYd [kqn ds ckjs esa vf/kd tkuuk gSA

;wfuV 6-1-3% vkRefo'ys"k.k & ço`fÙk] miyC/krk çsj.kk vkRefo'ys"k.k% D;k gS\

Ÿ vkReewY;kadu dh vo/kkj.kk rFkk lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa ppkZ fd, x, eSly‚'t gkbjkdhZ v‚Q uhM~l ds lanHkZ ds lkFk vfHkçsj.k ij ppkZ djsaA

;wfuV ds mÌs’;


xfrfof/k

djsa

dgsa

74

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ d{kk dks lewgksa esa ckaVsaA

Ÿ mUgsa dqN iqjkus v[kckj nsaA

Ÿ mu v[kckjksa ls ,d V‚oj dk fuekZ.k djuk gksxkA

Ÿ tks lewg [kqn ls lcls Å¡pk V‚oj cuk,xk] mls fotsrk lewg ekuk tk,xkA

Ÿ lewg ftruk pkgs vkSj ftl rjhds ls pkgs v[kckj dk bLrseky dj ldrk gSA

Ÿ fotsrk lewg us D;k vyx fd;k\

Ÿ ;fn vkidks ,d ekSdk fn;k x;k gksrk] rks vki V‚oj dk fuekZ.k dSls fd, gksrs\

Ÿ V‚oj ds fuekZ.k ds nkSjku vki dSlk vuqHko djrs gSa\

Ÿ D;k vki vfHkçsfjr vuqHko djrs gSa\

Ÿ lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa ppkZ fd, miyfC/k vfHkçsj.k rFkk miyfC/k vfHkçsj.k okyh m|ferk ds y{k.kksa dh vo/kkj.kk ij ppkZ djsaA

Ÿ D;k vkidk utfj;k ldkjkRed ;k udkjkRed gS\

Ÿ vkb, eSa vkidks ,d dgkuh lqukrk gw¡%

bldk uke gS& NksVh phtsa cM+k QdZ ykrh gSaA

,d O;fä rV ij çkr% Hkze.k dj jgk FkkA mlus ns[kk fd lqcg dh ygjksa ds lkFk gtkjksa LVkjfQ'k rV ij vkrh gSa vkSj tc ygjsa okil gksrh gSa rks os rV ij gh NwV tkrs gSa vkSj /kwi esa ej tkrs FksA ygjsa vkrh&tkrh Fkha ij LVkjfQ'k ej tkrh FkhA ml O;fä us ,d dke fd;k] mlus ,d LVkjfQ'k dks mBk;k vkSj mls ty esa Qsad fn;kA mlus ckj&ckj ,slk fd;k ml O;fä ds ihNs ,d vkSj O;fä [kM+k Fkk ftls ;g le> esa ugha vk jgk Fkk fd og O;fä D;k dj jgk gSA mlus mls Vksdk vkSj iwNk] vki D;k dj jgs gSa\ lSdM+ksa LVkjfQ'k gSaA vki fdrus dh enn dj ldrs gSa\ blls D;k QdZ iM+sxk\ ml O;fä us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;k] mlus ,d dne vkSj vkxs c

75

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ utfj;k dh vo/kkj.kk ij vkSj lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa ppkZ fd, vuqlkj fdlh ldkjkRed utfj, dk fodkl dSls fd;k tk, blij ppkZ djsaA

Ÿ vkRe&ewY;kadu] vkidks tks pht çsfjr djrh gS vkSj vkidk ldkjkRed utfj;k dSls vkids O;kolk; o thou dks enn djrs gSa] bu ckrksa ij ppkZ djrs gq, lkj çLrqr djsaA

vkidks D;k çsfjr djrk gS\

Ÿ ;g ,d O;fäxr xfrfofèk gSA

Ÿ ;g iqfLrdk esa fn;k x;k ,d vH;kl gSAlgHkkxh

Ÿ viuh d{kk ls mudh lgHkkxh iqfLrdk [kksyus dks vkSj ßvkidks tks çsfjr djrk gSß uke [kaM esa fn, vH;kl dks iwjk djus dks dgsa\

Ÿ ;g lqfuf'pr djsa fd lgHkkfx;ksa us xfrfof/k ds fy, lgh i`"B [kksyk gksA

Ÿ d{kk dks xfrfof/k iwjk djus ds fy, 5 feuV dk le; nsaA

xfrfof/k

djsa

dgsa

la{ksi esa djsa

76

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ iqfLrdklgHkkxh

Ÿ bZekunkjh ds ckjs esa] fdlh bZekunkj O;fä dh xq.koÙkkvksa ds ckjs esa rFkk lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa of.kZr vuqlkj m|fe;ksa esa bZekunkjh ds egRo ds ckjs esa ckr djsaA

Ÿ vkb, ge dqN dsl ifj–';ksa dh enn ls bls csgrj tkusaA vkidks vkids lewgksa ds vanj dqN dsl fn, tk,¡xsA vkidks fn, gq, dsl mnkgj.kksa dk fo'ys"k.k djuk gksxk vkSj rc leL;k dk ,d lgh gy fudkyuk gksxkA

Ÿ viuh ppkZ dks fuEukafdr ds bnZ&fxnZ ppkZ ij dsafær j[ksa%

s D;k xyr gqvk\

s fdldh xyrh Fkh\

s bldk çHkko fdl ij iM+k] xzkgd ;k O;olkbZ ij\

s ;g rqjar O;olk; ij dSls vlj Mkysxk\ bldk nh?kZdkfyd vlj fd;k gksxk\

s D;k fd;k tkuk pkfg,\

s bl vH;kl ls vkius D;k lh[kk\


Ÿ Ãekunkj y¨x¨a ds xq.k¨a dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ m|fe;ksa esa Ãekunkjh ds egRo dh O;k[;k djus esa

Ÿ uSfrdrk ,d n`

77

xksnke iSdj

dsl v/;;u fo'ys"k.k

ifj–'; 1

vkdk'k dk bykgkckn esa ,d NksVh lh eksckby fjVsy lsYl rFkk fjis;j 'k‚I gSA mldk nqdku vkl&ikl ds LFkkuksa esa dkQh yksdfç; gS vkSj mlds vius xzkgdksa ds lkFk vPNs laca/k gSaA

yxHkx 11 cts lqcg ,d xzkgd mldh nqdku esa vkrh gS vkSj vfouk'k ij mls [kjkc eksckby okil djus dks ysdj ph[kuk 'kq# dj nsrh gSA mlds eksckby dk LØhu ,d rjQ ls QV x;k gSA vfouk'k us vPNh rjg ls ;kn fd;k fd ml xzkgd ds gkFk esa nsus ls igys mlus eksckby dh vPNh rjg ls tk¡p dh FkhA og xzkgd mlds Åij eqdnek djus dh vkSj mls /kks[kk nsus ds fy, miHkksäk vnkyr tkus dh /kedh nsrh gSA vc Hkys gh leL;k 'k‚i ds ckgj fdlh vU; LFkku ij iSnk gqbZ Fkh] ij D;ksafd vU; xzkgd ;g ?kVuk dks ns[k jgs Fks] ftlls laHkor% mldk dkjksckj çHkkfor gks ldrk gSA bl fLFkfr dks dkQh laosnu'khy rjhds ls fuiVus dh vko';drk gSA ;fn vki vkdk'k ds LFkku ij gksrs rks vki D;k djrs\

ifj–'; 2

jtuh [kwclwjr lwVksa vkSj lkfM+;ksa ds Åij Qqydkjh d'khnkdkjh dk dke djrh gSA mldk ,d NksVk ?kjsyw O;olk; gSA Qslcqd vkSj OgkV~l,si ij xzkgdksa dh mldh ,d yach lwph gS] tks mls fu;fer :i ls v‚MZj nsrs gSaA fLerk mldh iqjkuh vkSj fu;fer xzkgdksa esa ,d gSA pwafd mldh uun dh 'kknh flj ij Fkh] fLerk dqN gSaMØk¶VsM Qqydkjh nqiêk [kjhnuk pkgrh FkhA mlus OgkV~l,si ij rhu nqiês ds fy, v‚MZj fn;k vkSj jtuh ls vuqjks/k fd;k fd og mls tYn ls tYn ;s nqiês Hkst nsA iklZy tc dwfj;j ds tfj, fLerk dks igq¡pk rks mlus ik;k fd rhu nqiêksa esa ls dsoy ,d ij gh gLr d'khnkjh dk dke fd;k x;k gS vkSj vU; nks ij e'khu ls d'khnkdkjh fd;k x;k FkkA ;gk¡ rd fd eVhfj;y dh yackbZ rFkk xq.koÙkk Hkh euksuqdwy ugha ikbZ xbZA fLerk dk fny VwV x;kA ;g iSls dh cjcknh Fkh vkSj blds vykok og 'kknh lekjksg esa og ugha igu ldh ftldh mlus ;kstuk cukbZ FkhA og viuh xqLlk vkSj fujk'kk O;ä djrs gq, jtuh dks WhatsApp ij ,d lans'k Hkstrh gSA

fLerk us ,d çfrfØ;k Hkh Hksth vkSj lks'ky ehfM;k ij viuh fujk'kk Hkh tkfgj dh---ftlls lh/kk jtuh ds dkjksckj ij vlj iM+kA vki D;k djrs ;fn vki jtuh ds LFkku ij gksrs\

ifj–'; 3

'kadj ,d VSVw vkfVZLV gS] ftldk ubZ fnYyh ds ,d cM+s çfrf"Br e‚y esa ,d NksVk lk VSVw 'kks:e gSA Jh l{ke us vkt 11 cts lqcg dk le; fy;k gS] ij og 11-50 cts igq¡prk gSA bl chp 'kadj dks viuk vxyk vIokbaVesaV ns[kuk iM+ x;kA 'kadj dh lsok ds ckn Jh l{ke xkyh&xykSt dh Hkk"kk esa mlds Åij ph[kus yxk] tks vko';d jkf'k dk Hkqxrku djus ls budkj djus yxk vkSj l{ke dh lsok esa uqDl uqdkyus yxkA bl fLFkfr esa fdldh xyrh Fkh\ 'kadj dks D;k djuk pkfg,\ D;k 'kadj dks l{ke ds lkFk >xM+k djuk pkfg, ;k DykbaV dh ekax eku ysuh pkfg, Fkh\

ifj–'; 4

'kSysanj ,d v‚uykbu Dy‚Fk jhlsyj gS] tks Qslcqd rFkk OgkV~l,si tSls lks'ky usVofdaZx lkbV ds tfj, dkjksckj djrk gSA fç;adk us ,d Mªsl ds fy, 'kSysanj dks v‚uykbu Hkqxrku fd;kA ij mls ,d eghus rd og Mªsl ugha fey ldkA tc mlus ml Mªsl ds dSaflys'ku ds fy, ckr dh rks 'kSysanj mls xqejkg djus yxkA yxHkx 45 fnuksa rd 'kSysanj mls Hkjkslk fnyk;k jgk fd og vkt ;k dy og jkf'k mls Hkqxrku dj nsxkA ;gk¡ rd fd ckj&ckj d‚y djus vkSj lans'k ikus ds ckn Hkh tc mls u gh Hkqxrku vkSj u gh Mªsl feyk rks mlus ,d yksdfç; lks'ky ehfM;k IySVQ‚eZ ij mlds f[kykQ f'kdk;r fy[kus dk QSlyk fd;kA mldk urhtk ;g gqvk fd 'kSysanj ds dbZ lkjs xzkgd NksV x, vkSj mldk Qyrk&Qwyrk dkjksckj dks ,d cM+k >Vdk yxkA bl fLFkfr ls dSls fuiVk tk ldrk Fkk\

Ÿ 10 feuV ds var esa Vhe dks d{kk ds le{k vius dsl lek/kku is'k djuk pkfg,A çstsaVs'ku ,d o.kZu ;k ,d jksy Iys Hkh gks ldrk gSA

Ÿ lewg dks vius fy, ,d xzqi yhMj pquus dks dgsaA xzqi yhMj dk dke gksxk çLrqrhdj.k ds fy, lewg ds fy, dk;Z dh ppkZ djuk rFkk mls lkSaiukA

Vhe dh xfrfof/k

78

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ lewg çstsaVs'ku ds fy, gjsd lewg dks c/kkbZ nsaA

Ÿ Jksrkvksa dks muds fy, rkfy;k¡ ctkus dks dgsaA

Ÿ gjsd lewg ls lwpuk ikus ds fy, ç'uksa dk la{ksi.k djsaA

Ÿ le; ij /;ku j[ksaA ;fn lgHkkfx;ksa dk le; lhek ls vf/kd gks tk, rks mUgsa ppkZ tYn iwjk djus dks dgsaA

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa ls iwNsa fd mUgksaus bl vH;kl@xfrfof/k ls D;k lh[kkA

Ÿ mlus iwNsa fd D;k muds eu esa vcrd ppkZ dh xbZ ckrksa ls tqM+k dksbZ ç'u gSA

Ÿ m|fe;ksa ds fy, bZekunkjh rFkk dk;Z uSfrdrk dh vgfe;r ij la{ksi ij ppkZ dj ifjppkZ dks fojke nsaA

Ÿ vc] vkb, cM+s lewg ds lkFk leL;k vkSj lek/kku ij ppkZ djrs gSaA

Ÿ lewg igys la{ksi esa d{kk ds lkFk dsl dk o.kZu djsxkA

Ÿ rc fpfàr leL;k rFkk çLrkfor lek/kku ij ppkZ djsaA

Ÿ çstsaVs'ku iwjk gksus ij d{kk vius ç'u iwN ldrs gSaA

dgsa

djsa

la{ksi esa djsa

79

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ iqfLrdklgHkkxh

Ÿ pkVZ isij

Ÿ ekdZj isu

Ÿ vkb, bu dgkfu;ksa ij utj Mkyrs gSaA

Ÿ yksxksa ds ckjs esa dqN çsjd dgkfu;k¡ gSa ftUgsa eSa vkids lkFk lk>k djuk pkgw¡xkA

Ÿ bu dgkfu;ksa fd d{kk dks lquk,¡A


Ÿ vR;f/kd jpukRed y¨x¨a dh fo’ks”krkvksa d¨ lwphc) djus esa

Ÿ vR;f/kd ifjorZukRed y¨x¨a dh fo’ks”krkvksa d¨ lwphc) djus esa

Ÿ vkidks ^dpjs ls nkSyrean* ds ckjs esa tkuuk pkfg, vkSj mlls tqM+h dgkuh ds ckjs esa tkuuk pkfg,A

Ÿ ;s dgkfu;k¡ gesa D;k dgrh gSa\

Ÿ bu yksxksa ds ckjs esa ,slk [kkl D;k gS\

,-ih-ts vCnqy dyke

ftUgksaus ,-ih-ts vCnqy dyke ds ckjs esa u lquk gks: voqy ikfdj tsuqykCnhu vCnqy dyke ,d fouez i`"BHkwfe ls vkrs FksA muds firk ,d ukfod FksA vius ifjokj dh enn djus ds fy,] dyke ,d v[kckj osaMj ds :i esa dke fd;k djrs FksA vHkko dh fLFkfr;ksa esa tSls&rSls mUgksaus HkkSfrdh esa Lukrd dh fMxzh gkfly dh rFkk ,sjksLisl bathfu;fjax fo"k; dh i

80

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ ;fn os ,slk dj ldrs gSa] rks vki D;ksa ugha\

Ÿ lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa fn, vuqlkj lgHkkfx;ksa ds lkFk ^jpukRedrk rFkk uokpkj* ls tqM+h vo/kkj.kkvksa dh ppkZ djsaA

Ÿ vfHkçsj.kk ls tqM+h dgkfu;ksa dk Lej.k djsaA

Ÿ og vkarfjd çsj.kk dkSu lh gS] tks yksxksa dks lQy cuus ds fy, çsfjr djrh gS\

Ÿ vkb, ,d xfrfof/k dh enn ls ge ,slh jpukRed rFkk vkfo"dkjh m|fe;ksa ds ckjs esa tkurs gSaA

Ÿ ;g ,d lewg fØ;kdyki gSA

Ÿ fdlh ,d çfl) m|eh ds ckjs esa fopkj djsa vkSj mlds ckjs esa dqN iafä;k¡ fy[ksaA

xfrfof/k la{ksi.k

Ÿ vkius bl fo'ks"k m|eh dk pquko D;ksa fd;k\

Ÿ mldk czkaM use D;k gS\

Ÿ mlesa dkSu lh jpukRedrk ekStwn gS\

Ÿ muds fopkjksa ds ckjs esa D;k vuks[kh ckr Fkh\

iwNsa

dgsa

Vhe dh xfrfof/k

81

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks funsZ'k nsa fd ;g ,d lewg dk;Z gSA

Ÿ d{kk dks 4 ls 6 Nk=ksa ds NksVs lewgksa esa ckaVsa tks cSp vkdkj ij fuHkZj djsxkA

Ÿ gjsd lewg dks ,d pkVZ isij nsaA

Ÿ Nk=ksa dks crk,¡ fd mUgsa fdlh ,d çfl) m|eh ds ckjs esa dqN iafä;k¡ fy[kuh gSA

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks ppkZ djus rFkk fy[kus ds fy, 10 feuV dk le; nsaA

Ÿ le; ij /;ku j[ksaA ;fn lewg dk le; lhek ls vf/kd gks tk, rks lewg dks tYn dk;Z iwjk djus dks dgsaA

Ÿ gjsd lewg dks muds fy[ks dks i

82

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ iqfLrdklgHkkxh

Ÿ vkb, bu nks mnkgj.kksa ij utj Mkyrs gSa%


Ÿ le; çca/ku ds ykHkä dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ çHkkoh le; çca/kdä ds y{k.kä d¨ lwphc) djus esa

Ÿ çHkkoh le; çca/ku rduhdä dh O;k[;k djus esa

D;k vki ,sls gS\

Ÿ eSa fnu esa tks Hkh dj jgk gw¡ mls iwjk djus dk i;kZIr le; dHkh ugha fudky ldrkA

Ÿ eq>s bruh lkjh phtsa djuh iM+rh gSa fd eSa nqfo/kk esa iM+ tkrk gw¡A

Ÿ eSa Hkze.k djus rFkk O;k;ke djus ds fy, tkuk pkgrk gw¡] ij esjs ikl le; ugha gksrkA

Ÿ esjs ikl djus ds fy, bruh lkjh phtsa gSa fd eSa mUgsa djhus ls le; ij iwjk ugha dj ldrkA

Ÿ eSa viuk ilanhnk O;olk; vkjaHk djuk pkgrk gw¡; ij esjs ikl le; ugha gksrk gSA

mnkgj.k 1%

vafdrk ?kj ls ,d ¶jhykal jkbVj ds :i esa dke djrh gSA og dgrh gS fd og fnu esa 8 ?kaVs leiZ.k ds lkFk vklkuh ls dke dj ldrh gSA D;ksafd og ?kj ls dke djrh gS] og ;k=k djus esa [kgZ gksus okys iSls cpk ysrh gSa vkSj mldh lqfo/kktud dk;Z fnup;kZ gSA ij bldh dqN pqukSfr;k¡ Hkh gSaA pwafd og ?kj ls dke djrh gS] og vklkuh ls txrh gS vkSj lksQk ij cSBdj Vhoh ns[kuk 'kq# dj nsrh gS] ftlls mldk dkQh le; cjckn gks tkrk gSA mls dbZ dke djus gksrs gSa] dbZ dk;Z iwjk djus gksrs gSa] fcy dk Hkqxrku djus gksrs gSaA og fnu esa dsoy nks ls rhu ?kaVs gh dke dj ikrh gS vkSj bldk urhtk ;g gksrk gS fd mlds ikl dkeksa dk vackj [kM+k gks tkrk gSA bl dkj.k ls og vf/kd dke ugha dj ikrh gSA Hkys gs mlds dk;Z xq.koÙkk dh ljkguk dh tkrh gS ij mlds xzkgd dke iwjk djus esa gqbZ nsjh ls [kq'k ugha jgrs gSaA

;wfuV 6-1-6% le; çca/ku% le; çca/ku D;k gS\

;wfuV ds mÌs’;


iwNsa

mnkgj.kExample

83

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ D;k ;g vkids lkFk Hkh gksrk gS\

Ÿ D;k vius dke dks çkFkfedrk nsuk vkids fy, dfBu gks tkrk gS\

Ÿ D;k vki vius le; dks çHkkoh :i ls çcaf/kr dj ikus esa l{ke gSa\

Ÿ mijksä mnkgj.k ds vk/kkj ij ,d lewg ppkZ laiUu djsaA

Ÿ dke dks dSls çkFkfedrk nh tk, vkSj dSls le; dk çHkkoh çca/ku fd;k tk,] blij ppkZ dk lapkyu djsaA

Ÿ le; çca/ku u dsoy vkidh dM+h esgur ls tqM+k gksrk gS] cfYd ;g bl ckr ls Hkh tqM+k gksrk gS fd vki fdrus LekVZ rjhds ls dke djrs gSaA

Ÿ lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa fn, vuqlkj lgHkkfx;ksa ds lkFk ̂le; çca/ku D;k gS* ij ppkZ djsaA

Ÿ le; dk çca/ku djuk D;ksa vge gksrk gS\ blls dSls enn feyrh gS\

Ÿ tc vki vius le; dk çHkkoh :i ls çca/ku ugha djrs gSa rks D;k gksrk gS\

Ÿ D;k vius dke dks çkFkfedrk nsuk vkids fy, dfBu gks tkrk gS\

Ÿ lgHkkxh iqfLrdk esa fn, vuqlkj le; çca/ku ds Qk;nksa ij ppkZ djsa

Ÿ ,d fØ;kdyki dh enn ls vkb, çHkkoh le; çca/ku djuk lh[krs gSaA

çHkkoh le; çca/ku

Ÿ bl fØ;kdyki ds nks Hkkx gSa%

Hkkx 1

fd, tkus okys dkeksa dh lwph cukuk

Ÿ vkidks fd, tkus okys dkeksa dh ,d lwph cukuk gksxkA

Ÿ mu lHkh xfrfof/k;ksa@dk;ksaZ dh lwph cuk,¡ tks vkidks iwjs djus gSaA

Ÿ mu lHkh phtksa dks 'kkfey djus dk ç;kl djsa tks vkidk le; ysrh gSa] Hkys gh os fdruh gh egRoghu D;ksa u gksA

Ÿ ;fn os cM+s dk;Z gksa] rks mUgsa dbZ fØ;k pj.kksa esa ckaVsa vkSj cM+s dk;Z ds lkFk bls fy[k ysaA

Ÿ vki lHkh dk;ksaZ ds fy, ,d lwph cuk ldrs gSa ;k futh ;k O;kolkf;d dk;ksaZ ds fy, ,d vyx lwph cuk ldrs gSaA

iwNsa

xfrfof/k

dgsa

iwNsa

dgsa

xfrfof/k

84

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

1.

dk;Z laiknu lwph çk:i

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

85

xksnke iSdj

vkdfLed&vge fxzM

vkdfLed@vge

Ÿ cSBd

Ÿ vafre le; ds ekax

Ÿ ç‚tsDV le;lhek

Ÿ ladV

xSj&vkdfLed@vge

Ÿ fu;kstu

Ÿ y{;ksa dh fn'kk esa dk;Z djuk

Ÿ laca/k cukuk

Ÿ futh çfrc)rk,¡

Ÿ O;o/kku

Ÿ Qksu d‚y@bZ&esy

Ÿ vU; yksxksa dh ekewyh ekax

vkdfLed@vge ugha

Ÿ baVjusV lfQaZx

Ÿ lks'ky ehfM;k

Ÿ Vhoh ns[kuk

xSj&vkdfLed@xSj&vge

1 2

3 4

vkdfLed@vge fxzM çk:i

vkdfLed@vge xSj&vkdfLed@vge

vkdfLed@vge ugha xSj&vkdfLed@xSj&vge

1 2

3 4

86

QSflfyVsVj xkbM

Ÿ cksMZ ij dk;Z&laiknu lwph rFkk vkdfLed@vge fxzM ds çk:i fy[ksaA

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks igys muds dk;Z laiknu lwph rS;kj djus dks dgsaA

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks lwph rS;kj djus ds fy, 10 feuV dk le; nsaA

Ÿ lwph rS;kj gks tkus ds ckn mUgsa muds dk;Z laiknu lwph dks pkj Jsf.k;ksa esa ckaVus dks dgsaA

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks pkjksa Jsf.k;ksa ds ckjs esa crk,¡ vkSj muds lanHkZ ds fy, fof'k"V mnkgj.k Hkh nsaA

Ÿ tc vki Jsf.k;ksa dk o.kZu djrs gSa vki ml nkSjku dk;ksaZ ds çdkj ds lkFk fxzM HkjsaA

Ÿ lgHkkfx;ksa dks fxzM Hkjus ds fy, 40 feuV dk le; nsaA

Ÿ rc pkjksa Jsf.k;ksa ds chp dk;ksaZ ds larqyu ds ckjs esa crk,¡A

Ÿ le; ij /;ku j[ksaA ;fn lewg dk le; lhek ls vf/kd gks tk, rks lewg dks tYn dk;Z iwjk djus dks dgsaA

djsa

dgsa

87

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ ;gk¡ ,d y?kq dgkuh gSA vki dgkuh dgrs gq, l= dk lekiu dj ldrs gSaA bls vf/kd jkspd cukus ds fy, vki of.kZr çn'kZu laiUu dj ldrs gSa vkSj y?kq dgkuh ij ppkZ dj ldrs gSaA

s ,d fnu le; çca/ku dk ,d fo'ks"kK Nk=ksa ds ,d lewg ds lkFk ckr dj jgk FkkA og T;ksagh lewg ds lkeus mB [kM+k gqvk] mlus ,d cM+s eq¡g okys dkap dk tkj fudkyk vkSj mls vius lkeus est ij j[k fn;kA rc mlus yxHkx ntZu iRFkjksa okyk ,d FkSyk fudkydj mls lkeus j[kk vkSj fQj ,d&,d dj tkj esa Mkyus yxkA tkj tc Åij rd Hkj x;k vkSj mlesa vkSj vf/kd iRFkj vkus dh txg ugha cph rks mlus dgk] ÞD;k ;g tkj Hkj x;kAß d{kk esa gj fdlh us dgk] Þgk¡Aß rc mlus dgk] ÞokdbZAß

s og est ds uhps x;k vkSj ctjh ¼NksVs iRFkj½ ls Hkjh ,d Vksdjh fudkyhA mlus tkj esa dqN ctjh Mkyh vkSj tkj dks fgyk;k&Mqyk;k ftlls ctjh ds dqN VqdM+s iRFkjksa ds chp ds LFkkuksa esa tk cSBsA rc mlus lewg ls ,d ckj fQj iwNk] ÞD;k ;g tkj Hkj x;k gSAß vc rd d{kk dks le> vk pqdh FkhA muesa ls ,d us tokc fn;k& Þ'kk;n ughaß ÞxqM!ß mlus tokc fn;kA

s og est ds uhps >qdk vkSj jsr ls Hkjh ,d Vksdjh fudkyhA mlus tkj esa jsr Mkyuk 'kq# fd;k vkSj ;g iRFkj vkSj ctjh ds chp ds LFkku ij cSBus yxhA ,d ckj mlus fQj iwNk] ÞD;k ;g tkj Hkjk gqvk gSAß Þugha!ß d{kk ls Å¡ph vkokt esa dgkA ,d ckj mlus fQj dgk] ÞxqMAß rc mlus ikuh dk ,d tx idM+k vkSj tkj esa rcrd Mkyuk vkjaHk fd;k] tcrd fd tkj Åij rd Hkj u tk,A rc mlus d{kk ij utj fQjkbZ vkSj dgk] Þbl fp=kadu dk D;k vFkZ gSAß ,d Nk= us viuk gkFk mBk;k vkSj dgk] Þpkgs vkidk f'kMîwy fdruk Hkh Hkjk jgs] ;fn vki Bku ysa rks vki ges'kk blesa dqN vkSj phtsa 'kkfey dj ldrs gSa!ß Þugha]ß oäk us mÙkj fn;k] Þbldk ;g vFkZ ugha gSAß ;g fp=kadu tks lR; gesa crkrk gS] og gS% /;fn vki igys cM+s iRFkjksa dks ugha j[krs] rks vki mUgsa dHkh ugha j[ksaxsA vkids thou ds 'cM+s iRFkj* dkSu ls gSaA vkids cPps; vkids fç;tu; vkidh f'k{kk; vkids lius; ,d ;ksX; dkj.k; nwljksa dks i

88

QSflfyVsVj xkbM


Ÿ Ø¨/k çca/ku ds egRo dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ Ø¨/k çca/ku dk;Zuhfr;¨a dh O;k[;k djus esa

Ÿ Ø¨/k çca/ku ds fy, lq>ko¨a dh ppkZ djus esa

Ÿ iqfLrdklgHkkxh

Ÿ Øksèk ;k xqLlk D;k gksrk gS\ D;k ;g vPNk ;k cqjk gksrk gS\

Ÿ D;k xqLlk lkekU; ;k vlkekU; O;ogkj gksrk gS\ xqLls ls vkidks dSls uqdlku gks ldrk gS\

Ÿ m|fe;ksa ds fy, vius xqLls dk çcaèku djuk D;ksa vge gksrk gS\

Ÿ lgHkkxh ifq Lrdk e as oÆ.kr vulq kj m|fe;k as d s fy, xLq l s d s ckj s e as rFkk Økès k çcèa ku d s egRo d s ckj s e as ckr djAas

Ÿ vkb, ge ,d NksVh lh xfrfofèk djsaA ;g ,d O;fäxr xfrfofèk gSA

Ÿ ,slh ?kVukvksa rFkk ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds ckjs esa fopkj djsa tks vkidks xqLlk fnykrh gSa vkSj vkidks nq[kh dj tkrh gSA

Ÿ mUgsa bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks fofHkUu Jsf.k;ksa esa fy[kus dks dgsa ¼tSlk fd xfrfofèk esa nh xÃ gS½

Ÿ d{kk dks lkspus vkSj vius mÙkj fy[kus ds fy, 3&5 feuV dk le; nsaA

Ÿ 5 feuV ds ckn] dqN çfrHkkfx;ksa dks vkxs vkdj vius mÙkj is'k djus dks dgsaA

Ÿ ;fn o s ml s ijw h d{kk d s lkFk lk>k u djuk pkgr s gk as rk s o s bu ifjfLFk;k as dk s viu s lkFkh lgHkkfx;k as l s Hkh lk>k djAas

Ÿ D;k vkidks dksÃ ?kVuk ;kn vkrh gS ftlls vkidks

s 'kkjhfjd :i ls rdyhQ+ igq¡ph gks

s ekufld :i ls rdyhQ+ igq¡ph gks

s vkids dfj;j dks uqdlku igq¡pk gks

s vius lacaèkks dks uqdlku igq¡pk gks

Ÿ D;k vkidks dHkh xqLlk vk;k gS\

Ÿ os dkSu lh phtsa gSa ftuls vkidks Øks/k vkrk gS\

Ÿ D;k vkidks dksbZ ?kVuk ;kn gS tgk¡ vkids Øks/k çca/ku ls LoLFk laca/k cuk, j[kus esa enn feyh gks\

Ÿ D;k vkidks dksbZ ?kVuk ;kn gS tgk¡ fdlh us xqLls ds dkj.k viuk O;olk;@fe= tu@laca/k [kks;k gks

;wfuV 6-1-7% Ø¨/k çca/ku

;wfuV ds mÌs’;


iwNsa

dgsa

djsa

xfrfof/k

iwNsa

89

xksnke iSdj

Ÿ dqN ,slh j.kuhfr;k¡ gSa tks vkidks vius xqLls dks dkcw esa j[kus esa enn dj ldrh gSaA vkb, Øks/k çca/ku dh çfØ;k dks vPNh rjg ls le>us ds fy, ,d xfrfof/k djrs gSaA

Ÿ ;g ,d O;fäxr xfrfof/k gSA

Ÿ ,slh ?kVukvksa@ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fopkj djsa ftuls vkidks xqLlk vkrk gksA ¼dkj.k½

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