employee welfare measure

CHAPTER – I

Introduction:Labour welfare have an important place in the modern industrial system. The

need for labour welfare is realized all over the world because of the socio economic

conditions and problem in the industrial society. Industrial labour and its welfare is often

considered to be very important in the fast economy which is dreaming of

industrializations on a large scale. The problem of labour and its welfare have attracted

the attention of many leaders and writers in India. So, labour welfare is a timely

invention to keep the working populations satisfied and to maintain a contended labour

force.

After Industrial revolution each and every nation has to depend much on the

industrial sector for the development of the economy. The economic development is the

yard stick of the people standard of living. Level of consumption and the ratio of saving

for that life is expected to be a risk free one to the maximum possible extend for the

industrial employees who are the back bone of the economy.

With regard to labour welfare the Indian Labour Organization report points out

that such services facilities and amenities. It may be established in the vicinity of the

undertaking to enable the persons employed to perform their work in healthy, congenital

surrounding and provided with amenities conductive to good health and high morale.

The above said service facilities and amenities are expected to be provided to the

industrial employees either voluntarily by the employers or by the state or by law.

Labour welfare implies providing better work conditions such as proper

lighting, heat control, cleanliness and low noise level, toilet, drinking water facilities,

canteen and rest room, health and safety measures, reasonable, hours of work, holidays,

and welfare services such as housing education, recreation and counseling.

1

DEFINITION OF LABOUR WELFARE:

The following are some of important definitions given to explain the board meaning of

labour welfare.

1. The encyclopedia of social sciences has defined labour welfare work

as:“The Voluntary efforts of the employers to establish, with in the existing

industrial system, working and some times living and cultural conditions of the

employees beyond what is required by law, the customs of the country and the

conditions of the Market.

2. The Labour Investigation committee defines it as:

“Anything done for the intellectual, physical, moral and economic determent of

the workers whether by employers, by Government or by other agencies, over and above

what is laid down by law or what is normally expected of the contractual benefits for

which workers may bargaining”

3. The Labour welfare organization report returns to labour welfare as:

“Such services, facilities and amenities as may be established in or in the vicinity

of undertaking to enable the persons employed in them to performs their work in healthy,

congenial surrounding and provide with amenities conducive to good health and high

morale”.

4. According to the committee on labour welfare, services should mean:

“Such services facilities and amenities as adequate canteen, rest and recreation

facilities, sanitary and medical facilities, arrangements for accommodations of workers

employed at a distance from their homes and such other services amenities and facilities,

including social security measures as contributed to the conditions under which workers

are employed”

Realizing the difficulties in given a precise and generally acceptable definition of

labour welfare. The National commission on Labour pointed out in their report.

The concept of labour welfare is necessarily dynamic, bearing a different

interpretation from country to country and from time and even to save the country,

according to its value system, social institution degree of industrialization and general

2

level of social and economic development. Even within the country its content may be

different from region to region.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF LABOUR WELFARE:

The aim of welfare activities is,

1. Party humanistic, for it enables the workers to enjoy a fuller and richer life.

2. It is partly economic because it improves the efficiency of the worker,

increases its availability where it scares and keeps him contented. It therefore,

minimizes the inducement to form or join union and to report strikes.

3. It is partly civil because it develops a sense of responsibility and dignity

among the workers and thus makes them worthy citizens of the Nation.

4. The aim and objectives of labour welfare have progressively changed during

the last few decades the recent thinking in labour welfare, is more oriented

towards increasing productivity and efficiency of the work people. An

outstanding trend today is has become a comprehensive concept concerned

with the development of the total human personality embracing physical,

mental, social, psychological and spiritual aspect of the employees well being.

In future, it will assume new dimensions in our country as a result of added

emphasis on the basic responsibilities of a welfare state.

PRINCIPLES OF LABOUR WELFARE:

The following are some the general principal to be followed for the successful

implementation at any welfare programme in an organization.

1. The labour welfare activities should persuaded the entire hierarchy of an

organization. Management should be welfare oriented at every level.

2. The employer should not bargain labour welfare as a substitute for wages or

monetary incentives. In other words, the workers have a right to adequate

wages in addition to welfare measures.

3. There should be proper Co-ordination, harmony and integration at all labour

welfare societies in a understanding.

4. The labour welfare work at an organization must be administratively viable

and essentially development oriented.

3

The management should ensure Co-operation and active participation of the

unions and workers in formulating and implementing labour welfare programmes

5.There should be periodical assessment or evaluation of welfare measures and

necessary timely improvements on the basis of feed back.

FINANCING:The Capacity of the economy puts the ultimate limit to extend of welfare measures to be

provided to the workers or to any other sections of society.

1. It is difficult to specify who bears the cost of welfare societies. Even where

employers finance the welfare activities, either voluntarily or under the

requirements of law nobody can say who meets the ultimate costs, The employers,

the consumers or the workers. The employers do strive to pass on the burden to

the consumers by receiving prices or to the workers by delaying wage increases.

2. It is really different to make the employers pay for the welfare amenities out of

their profits. It is the community, which pays for the welfare services and

employers, is merely an agency for collecting the cost from the community and

spending it on the welfare of workers.

IMPORTANCE OF THE PRESENT STUDY:

Today labour is in front page news and it has become a prominent factor in the

society. The importance of labour in the industrial system and in the future planned

economy of the country.

The importance of labour welfare measures was accepted as early as 1931. When

the Royal commission on labour stated the benefits which go under this romenculture are

of great importance to the workers and which he is unable to secure by himself. The

schemes of labour welfare may be regarded as “a wise investment” which should and

usually does bring a profitable return in the form of greater efficiency”

The importance of the study taken by the researcher is over to the fact that

unfavorable opinions or dissatisfactions of the workers about the facilities rendered will

lead to a chain of reaction like hostility, poor job performance, absenteeism, high labour

turnover and other undesirable side effects. Hence it is very essential for any

management to be aware of the satisfactory and dissatisfactory level of the worker

4

towards the welfare facilities offered. So that immediate and needed actions can be taken

by it.

Absenteeism can be reduced to a great extent by the provision of sufficient

welfare facilities. Provision of welfare amenities enables the workers to line a richer and

more satisfactory life and contributes to productivity of labour, efficiency at the

enterprise and helps in maintaining industrial peace.

PHILOSOPHY OF LABOUR WELFARE:

The term philosophy to a study of fundamentals relating to concepts, events in

phenomena, philosophy is a rational systems at belief and deals with the origin purpose

and testing of anything of the existence, purpose behavior activities etc, philosophy

shapes one’s pattern of behavior, influences one’s on auxility compromises and so. It

also provision and approach to an action in order to make term meaningful.

According to M.V. Moorthy there are seven approaches or theories relation to

the philosophy of labour welfare.

1. The policy Theory:

This is based on the contention that a minimum standard of welfare is necessary for

labours.

2. The religious Theory:

This is based on the concept that man is essentially “A religious animal”

3. The philanthropic Theory:

The theory is based on man,s love for making in Green “philoe” means loving and

’enthrones’ means man.

4. Trusteeship Theory:

This is also called as the partnership theory of labour welfare according to which the

industrialist or employer holds the total industrial estate, properties and occurring from

them in trust” In other words he used it for himself for the benefit of his worker and also

for society workers.

5. The placating Theory:

According to this theory timely and periodical acts of labour welfare can appeal for the

worker. They are some kinds of pacifier by the way of friendly gesture.

5

6. The public Relation Theory:

The theory provides the basis for an atmosphere of good will between labour and

management and also the management and the public.

7. The functional Theory:

This is also called the efficient theory. Here welfare works as a means to secure, preserve

and develop the efficiency and productivity of labour.

In India is said that, that industrial system clings largely to the paternalistic approach.

Some management, however try to achieve results through police control. Either way

worker may start expecting too much from employers, as a result of it employers provide

welfare measures in a some what half-hearted manner.

VARIOUS WELFARE PROVISIONS IN THE BASIC ACTS:

FACTORIES ACT,1948.

Canteen: Every factory employing 100 or more worker have to have a rest room

at approved.

Crèche: Where 30 or more woman worker were employed in a crèche or approved

standards for their children.

Welfare Officer: Where 500 or more workers are employed under one labour

welfare officer. Additional labour officer’s for more worker welfare also being appointed

as per scale.

Minines Act, 1952:

Canteen : As in factories a group of mines can have a common canteen.

Shelter: Provision of shelters for taking food and resting it 150 or more persons

are employed.

Plantations Labour Act 1951:

Canteen: Provision for a canteen in plantation employing 150 workers.

Creche: Provision of a crèche in plantations employing 50 more women

workers.

Welfare Officer: Appointment at welfare officer in plantation employing 300

6

Miscellaneous :

1. Recreational facilities for children to be provided.

2. Where the number of children of age 6-12 exceed 25, a school to be set up.

3. Every worker has to be given accommodation with a piece of land for a

kitchen garden.

4. Chief grain, rain coat, umbrella and necessary blankets also has to be given.

7

CHAPTER – II

Company profile

Name : SREE MEENAKSHI MILLS

Address : Head off : PARAVAI

SAMAYANALLUR – (POST) 625402

Madurai – 1

Product : COTTON – THREAD

Promoter : SANJAY DALMIA

Established on : 1956

Form of Company : GHCL LTD (PUBLIC)

PROMOTORS

SANJAY DALMIA GROUP OF COMPANIES

Sanjay Dalmia group of Companies in the oldest business group in Indian.

Society, they make success in all their business activates. They diversity their business

activities, These business activities are yarn, textile soda ash, telecomm, IT established

services, industrial explosive, biotechnology and pharmaceutical, healthcare etc.

Chairman-------> Shri Sanjay Dalmia

Vice Chairman--------> Shri Anurag Dalmia

8

COMPANY GENERAL INFORMATION

HISTORY

The Shree Meenakshi Spinning Mill was established during the year 1956. The

mill is situated in Paravai Via Madurai. The main objective of organization is

manufacturing the Quality cotton yarns and fulfill the customer requirements.

At present, Shree Meenakshi mill with a total installed capacity of 68,000 spindles

in textile division of GHCL Limited. The tow spinning units located in south India are

dedicated to manufacturing cotton and poly cotton yarns and are ISO 9001-2000 certified

In keeping with times and competitive environment of shree meenakshi mill have state of

art textile machinery from Reiter – Switzerland and sheaf horst – Germany among other

in order to lend that cutting edge in Quality.

Building Confidence in Textile is a way of life in shree meenakshi mill the

company’s product here found increasing acceptance in international markets with

premium segment buyer who caters to fine count and product like shirting bed sheets and

stocking Although Meenakshi mill has already establish its name in the international

market ‘Exports’ Continuous to be a major focus area former division has So for own

three National awards for being singles larger exporter of polyester cotton yarn to south

Korean with shifting of production centers world wide quality conscious institutional

buyer and finished goods exported offer a lucrative market for premium Quality you in

India itself. Meenakshi yarns have found increasing acceptance with these claimers and

made – ups manufacture whose product retail at meenakshi leading chains like weal –

market and JC Penny Target.

9

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

General Manager

Marketing Manager Purchase Manager HRD manager Production

manager

Office manager

Spinning manager

Maintenance manager

Shift supervisor

Workers

10

PURCHASE DEPARTMENT

RAW MATERIAL

In a cotton spinning mill the raw material (i.e) cotton purchase as a central portion

and play a important past with regard the maintenance a consistency in quality and

economical production a year.

However the cotton being a natural fiber the growth and maturity with good spin

able properties like length, strength & fitness all much depend upon several factors such

as variety climate condition. Irrational Methods and fertilizers used etc.

COTTON SEASON

1. Upcountry cotton – October to November

2. Local cotton – June to July

COTTON MARKET SURVEY

1. Visiting cotton market.

2. Spot evaluation a various cotton winner.

3. Determining the variety a cotton price and quality of cotton available at

different market.

PURCHASE PLAN

1. Annual requirement a cotton – long term plan

2. Raw material specification

3. Cotton supplier previous performance.

11

SPOT PURCHASE

1. Selection supplies and negotiating the price.

2. Visual Testing – checking following fiber proportion in hand stopping.

a) Staple length

b) Uniformity

c) Micronaire

d) Strength

e) Class/grade

f) Colour

g) Contamination

If the visual quality price etc are agreeable drawing bank samples and forward to

quality assurance department of testing.

BASIC SAMPLE TESTING

1) Divide into two portion one sample will be used for all testing

2) The second sample in preserved for verification of its proportion

on arrival of approved lots.

DESPATCH THE MATERIAL.

1) Basic sample approved

2) Place order and dispatch instruction – as per our schedule.

PAYMENT

1. Accepting lots

2. Invoice verification

3. Preparing and forwarding

Necessary document to finance department for making payment.

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BENEFITS OF SPOT PURCHASE DURING SEASON

1. Procurement a good quality

2. Purchasing at competitive price

3. Cost saving.

QUALITY OBJECTIVES To achieve and maintain IOS 9001 – 2000 Certification

To adopt cost effective measures

To continually upgrade the skills of human resources

To take timely action on the non – conformance

To comply with all relevant statutory requirements

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

GHCL Limited (Unit – Sree Meenakshi Mills) is committed to support the

protection of environment and pollution prevention in the manufacture of yarn by

Conserving natural resources through effective utilization and minimizing waste

generation.

Complying with applicable legal requirements.

Increasing the environmental awareness of employees through effective training.

Continually improving the environmental conditions through periodical

management reviews.

13

PRODUCT DEPARTMENT

PLANT CAPACITY

Total Spindle: 912*44 framer = 40128.

Plus 9600 spls under expansion

Auto Coner drums: 60*14 machines = 840

Production Per day: 9.0 to 10 tons according to counts

Counts spun: yes Combed warp 40s combed hosiery 60s combed warp 80s combed warp

and combed warp.

Market: Domestic Export and own consumption for cloth Conversion

PRODUCTION PROCESS/MACHINERY FLOW CHART

1) Mixing: cotton from different lots are mixed to get the homogenous raw

material quality at derided cording.

2) Blow room: (LMV machines) opening and cleaning the cotton and to mate the

cotton to small tufts.

3) Carding: (LC 300 by (mw)) converting the small tufts into individual cotton

fiber and to deliver in sliver form of next process.

4) Comber preparation: SBS and unclip procen (Reiter Swiss) converting the

sliver into lay form which in led to comber.

5) Comber (E-62 Reiter Swiss) to remove the short fiber naps and trash in

carding sliver and thereby importing the quality.

6) Drawfarmes: (D 35 riveter Swiss) RSB (hw) doubling and draping the camber

sliver and there by importing the uniformity a the comber Sliver

7) Simplex: (If 1400 IMW) to convert the drawframe sliver into roving bobbin

which can be fed to spinning machines.

8) Spinning: (lr 61mw) to convert the roving boobin into by drafting and twisting

proven.

9) Auto winding: (338 schalaforst Germany) to wind the yarn from spinning

cops to cones after clearing all in the yarn.

10) Packing: to pack the cones in cautions or pallets as the customer requirements.

14

PERFORMANCE

Before and after modernization

Before After

1. Utilization 95.0% 98.5%

2. Production per day 6.5 tons 9.5 tons

3. Productivity 40s conv gms/spr 70 105

4. Hock 30 10.5

(Operative hours to produce 100 keys a yarn)

QUALITY CONTROL:

Quality control is an essential function of the management to maintain and to

keep up the quality of yarn. Here the quality control is given such an enormous weight

age to hope up with the increasing demand in the competitive market.

Here the quality control is done at every step of the production process. They are

tested for quality as below.

1. Spinning:

The count and the strength of the Yarn is checked daily by the quality Control

Assistant. Then these results are analyzed by the spinning Master and suitable corrective

actions are taken whenever necessary.

15

2. Raw Material Testing:

The raw materials supplied to the mills are checked in a random manner. The

sample cotton is sent to a centralized testing laboratory for the following parameters.

I. Fiber length

II. Fiber Strength

III. Fiber fineness

IV. Trash in the cotton

After getting the results various types of cotton are mixed to get the required

parameters.

Thus the received raw materials are tested for its quality and quantity.

3. Chording:

Silver count is checked twice in a week to identify the discrepancies. Then these

results are analyzed by the spinner master and suitable remedial actions are taken.

4. Chording and Blow Room:

The amount of waste extracted both in blow room and the chording are checked

once in a month. The settings are changed to get the required waste.

5. Drawing:

Drawing silver count is checked once for every four hours in a day. Whenever the

count various from the standards immediately the wheel changes are done in the drawing

department.

The uniformity in the Drawing silver is checked once in a week. To get the

required uniformity setting and other technical parameters are changed.

16

6. Simplex:

Rowing count is checked twice in a week to maintain the quality. The necessary

wheel changes are done to keep the count in control.

Thus the quality control is conducted in each and every step of the production

process.

AWARDSThe Awards and recognitions abstained by GHCL are

ISO 9001 -2000 certified.

EMS 14001: 2004 certified.

TECNO Facts Award in SIMA in 2005 – 2006.

Certified by SUPIMA in 2005.

GHCL was awarded with “State-of-the-art textile machinery” by Reiter –

Switzerland for keeping with the time and the competitive environment.

17

CHAPTER - III

Review of LiteratureThe term” welfare” is derived from the French phrase “ welfare which means to” fare

well” Labour welfare measure is nothing but the preservation of the health and attitudes

of the employee. That is, it contributes to the maintenance of employee morale. Labour

welfare therefore, forms one of the major determinants of industrial relations.

In his book on “ The sprit of Industrial Relation” Prof. H.S Kirkardly observes

that “ the whole field of welfare is one is which much can be done to comate the sense of

frustration of the industrial worker, to relieve them of their personal and family worries’

to improve their health, to afford them a means of self expressions, to offer them some

sphere in which one can excel all others to help him to a wider conception of life, if

within the field of welfare and particularly that part of it which comprises sports and

games, a large measures of self Government can be left to worker, even in management

of facilities provided by the employer, a sense of responsibility, initiative and co-

operation can be fostered and often among those whose daily tasks afford them the least

opportunity of developing characteristics. So essential to industrial enterprises and wise

citizenship. As a result of the above measures, the improvement in production could be

achieved.

The study conducted by Sahni S.L. ( 1938 ) reveals that regular welfare departments

were started in the Textile Mills in 1934 and 1935. A Majority of the mill officials who

were deputed to carry out welfare work in addition to their duties, looks upon in as a

means of placating labour. They attempted to keep worker out of labour organization.

This revealed the need for an Independent labour department under qualified labour

officers. The recreation facilities were not only meager but had not reached down the

workers level.

The study by Chitnis R.Y. ( 1950 ) reveals that 242 workers of a locality were

interviewed and only 3% of them attended lectures arranged at their factories to explain

the E.S.I Scheme. Over 3\4the felt that the benefits derived were not worth the

contributions made for 2 out of 3 said it was bad. From the administrator’s view point,

18

the major difficulties of local offices was with regard to calculation of the rate of

payment. The scheme was not extended to members of the family.

Padaliya G.L. ( 1952 ) has the observation by his study as the implementation of the

non-statutory services and programs involved and approximate per capita expenditure of

Rs. 1.75. As regards Industrials Programmes, Nursery schools, adult education classes,

reading room and Library, games sewing classes, Crèches and club activities were

available.

According to the study conducted by Aggarwal S.K. ( 1955 ) the mill provided a variety

of welfare amenities like recreation, education, housing, health, canteen and social

security. The welfare programmes dated back to the year 1921 and did not come about as

a result of the passing of the factories Act of 1948. The management was deeply

concerned about the welfare of the workers and spent a good deal of money in providing

these facilities with a view to project their socio, economic and cultural development.

Mudaliyar’s study ( 1957 ) revealed that the attitudes of 50 grade employees towards the

welfare facilities were studied. Out of 520 clerks, 50 were selected by stratified random

sampling. The responding showed greater appreciation for medical facilities as

compared to other services. In cases of serious ailments they preferred to consult private

doctors. Further, it was not extended to the family members of the employees. According

to the study by Singh J.N. ( 1959 ) it is evident that in sprit of many facilities available

to the workers. They were not full utilizing them because of their ignorance and abject

lack of time. There was little publicity of the welfare activities with old colony and

therefore their co-operation in the activities was meager. 60% of the workers of the new

colony fully cooperated in the activities. The hospitals in the colonies were poorly

equipped.

Ignatius Davavaram. B. ( 1973 ) in his study stated that 52% of the workers were

satisfied with First Aid facilities 16% of them felt that Industry is poorly ventilated.

Management has prevented accidents by providing proof machines. Regarding canteen,

34% were satisfied. Regarding social security 36% of respondents were satisfied. All of

them felt that worker’s education is a useful one.

The study conducted by Narasimham. V. ( 1980 ) revealed that speaking about their

Trade Union the workers expressed fear that the management deliberately scotched any

19

attempt by the workers to form a strong union. What is evident to the Investigator is that

there is no great sense of togetherness between the workers and the establishment.

Investigator regrets to record here the determined refusal of the management of the Tamil

Nadu State Transport Corporation to provide any data connected with the organization.

Also he was denied all help.

Jeyaraj. S. ( 1981 ) in his study stated that Latrines & Urinals is the main welfare

facilities to safeguard the health of the workers in maintain from fair to poor conditions.

The floor is full of iron dust which makes the factory floor very dirty. The canteen

existing is lacking cleanliness. The present working hours of co- operative store is not

suitable for the worker to go and purchase the consumer goods after their duty is over.

20

CHAPTER - IV

NEED FOR LABOUR WELFARE:

The need for labour welfare arises from the way nature of the industrial system,

which is characterized by two basic factors.

1. The conditions under which work is carried on are not congenial for health.

2. When a labour joints in an industry, he has to work in an entirely stage

atmosphere which created problem of adjustments.

There is a social reasons also as pointed out by the labour Investigation committee.

The provision of canteen improves the physique entertainment reduces the

incidences of vices, medical and maturity and child welfare services improve the

help of the workers and bring down the rates of general material and infantile

morality, and educational facilities increases their mental efficiency and economic

productivity.

The need for labour welfare was strongly felt by the royal commission on far back

as in 1931 primarily because of a lack of commitment in industrial work among

factory workers and the harsh treatment they received from their employers.

The need was emphasized in free India by the construction, which contain the

following articles in this regard.

Articles 41: The state shall within the limits of its economic capacity and

development make effective provision for securing the right to work, to education

and to public assistance in case of unemployment, old-age, sickness and

disablement and in other cases of undeserved want”

Sec 42: The State shall make provision for securing first and humane conditions of

work and for maternity relief.

Article 43: The state shall endeavor to secure, by suitable legislation or economic

organization or in the any other way to all workers, agriculture, industry of

otherwise, work, a wage conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life and

full employment of leisure, social and cultural opportunities and in particular, the

21

state shall endeavor to promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operative

basis in rural areas.

CHAPTER - V

SCOPE OF LABOUR WELFARE:

It is indeed difficult to accurately lay down the scope of labour welfare work

because of the fast that labour is composed of dynamic individual with complex needs.

As the subject of welfare facilities is a very broad one covering a wide field of amenities

and activities, limited cannot be rigidly laid down regarding its scope for all industries

and for all times. More specifically, the ways in which labour welfare is classified can be

examined in order to obtained a clear-cut understanding of its scope.

Any welfare programme that is been offered can be classified into three

1. Statutory welfare

2. Non- Statutory welfare

3. Mutual Statutory Welfare

The Statutory types constitutes those provisions of welfare work which depend

for their workers. On the face of it is apparently philanthropic but it also increases the

efficiency of labour and reduces the area of conflict. Mutual statutory welfare refers to

social security measures.

The committee of experts on welfare facilities for industrial workers constituted

by the ILO has divided the welfare services in to two groups.

1. Welfare amenities within the premises of the establishment, which are

generally termed as intra-mural facilities.

2. Welfare amenities outside the establishment, which are generally as

extra- mural facilities

There are some social welfare organization which undertake voluntary welfare services.

Some of the trade unions also undertake voluntary welfare work for the benefit of their

members.

Thus labour welfare is very comprehensive and it embraces a multitude of

activities of employers, state, trade, unions and other agencies help workers and their

families in the content on their industrial life. The scope of labour welfare is fairly wide

and it bears different meaning in different countries.

22

Chapter -VI

RESEARCH METHODOLGYINTRODUCTION:

There is no short cut to Truth, No way to gain knowledge of the universe except

through the gateway of scientific method. This idea has been proponed by Cart person.

The word scientific method simply means the mode or way of accomplishing an end.

The modern world is very found of scientific inventions and wants to have scientific

outlook of everything. Any scientific approach should have a method or an outline to be

followed to attain the particular goal. Through methodological and systematic procedure

one can think of accuracy and clear cut conclusions. There is no discipline without a

method. Generally methods that best suit a study depends upon the way in which it is

planned and carried out.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

Aims : The Broad aim of this study is to throw light on the satisfactory level of GHCL

employees and to help GHCL authorities to formulate the policies in accordance with the

satisfactory level of the workers on welfare facilities.

OBJECTIVES:

Having the above mentioned aim in the researcher’s main he has formulated the

specific objectives as follows

To study the Intra-mural benefits offers to the employees

To study the Extra-mural benefits offers to the employees

To study the Labour’s attitude towards their work and working

condition.

To study the current available welfare facilities and the general

opinion about the welfare facility in GHCL.

23

FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM:Man power otherwise the labour is the important resource of any nation, to

develop its economy. For the complete utilization of this resource the authorities, the

owners, the industrialists may minimize the worker’s problems with reference to the

working conditions, nature of work, the salary, security etc., Today all the public and

private sector are concerned and concentrate with the problems of and the welfare of the

labour. This clearly points out that the major goal of any organization, industry,

management is to solve the problems of labour and by giving pure security to their life

and work there by they are getting more work from the workers. So, the production of an

organization and the nation become widespread increase.

The whole economy of today is based on the outcome of labour’s effort and skill

and maintain a good relationship between the employer and the employee. The labours

are helping to the management in all aspect of productivity, turn over, efficiency, skill,

marketing etc., So also the management is concerned with the development of labourers

and their position. Even though any and every organization is concerned with welfare of

the labourers the investigators wants to probes into this problem with reference to this

agency for the fulfillment of the aims and objectives of the study and also to gain more

knowledge in the field of “ Labour Welfare” and hence he formulated the problem as

opinion of the welfare facilities in GHCL, Madurai.

RESEARCH DESIGN:

Research Design decides the fate of the proposal and its outcome. Designing is a

preliminary step in every activity because it is at the designing stage that the purpose for

which design is being made is to be decided. Designing thus provided a picture for the

whole, before starting of the work. Design thus helps in planning and in the process of

deliberate anticipation.

Since the basic idea is to have complete and accurate information regarding the

satisfactory level of the welfare facilities, the procedure to fulfill for this aim is carefully

planned. The researcher has employed her research Design as descriptive and diagnostic

24

design. This clearly explains that the various welfare facilities which are provided by the

corporation and the satisfactory level of the workers will be described and the same will

be diagnosed with the educational level of the workers.

The variable known as the educational level has been identified for the diagnosis

by the researcher because she has founded out that the educational level has as high

impact towards the view of the workers.

This has been explained by the reviewing various literatures. Thus the

investigator has first described the facilities and for the diagnosis she has considered the

educational level as the base factor.

SAMPLING:

This sampling is of helpful to the researcher in saving time money and energy and

at the same time it can be managed and controlled within the stipulated time. The

sampling that has been employed here is representing the entire population of the study.

In this study the researcher has applied the convenience sampling.

DATA COLLECTION:

Here the researcher has collected her data by schedule method. He has also

administrated the interview cum observation method.

By this schedule method of data collection of the researcher can make a face to

face contact between the workers. This is very helpful to form the personal relationship

called rapport by the researcher. There by can utilize as to the maximum participation

workers during the interview.

By interview also the researcher can asses, analyze the existing things and have a

better understanding of each and every problem that the workers are facing. Interview is

always accompanied by observation. Observation is one of the major tool for the social

workers which can accurate clear cut idea about the problem and things which are

focused by the respondents.

25

STATISTICAL TOOLS USED:Analytical techniques are used to abstain finding and arrange information in a

logical sequence from the raw data collected. After the tabulation of data the tools

provide a scientific and mathematical solution to a complex problem.

Percentage analysis

Weighted average

Chi – square SPSS 15 version

PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS:

The data collected was converted into 100% and the percentage was analyzed.

WEIGHTED AVERAGE:

Weighted average method used to determine were, weights are assigned to factors

and finally the weighted average of all the factors are formed and ranked accordingly.

CHI – SQUARE TEST ANALYSIS:

The chi – square test a fairly, simple and definitely the most popular of all the

other tools, the chi – square test is most widely used non – parametric tests in statistical

work. It makes no assumption about the population being sampled. The quantity chi –

square describes the magnitude of discrepancy between theory and observation.

26

Testing of hypothesis using chi square:In order to find out the signification in relationship of one variable with another null

hypothesis were formulated. Ion this study the following null hypothesis were

formulated.

There is no significant relationship between age and store facility.

There is significant relationship between experience and store facility.

There is significant relationship between age and sitting facility.

There is significant relationship between experience and sitting facility.

There is no significant relationship between age and first aid facility.

There is significant relationship between experience and first aid facility.

There is no significant relationship between age and canteen facility.

There is significant relationship between experience and canteen facility.

There is no significant relationship between age and shelter and rest room facility.

There is no significant relationship between experience and shelter and rest room

facility.

There is significant relationship between age and welfare officer.

There is no significant relationship between experience and welfare officer.

27

Chapter –VII

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The survey was limited to Paravai unit.

It was difficult to meet all the respondents in the unit due to shift constraints.

The sample size is restricted to 100 due to time constraint.

Some of the respondents might have answer in biased manner.

28

Chapter VIII

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

1. PERSONAL DATA

TABLE NO. 1

Table showing age of the respondents.

S.NO Age No. of Respondents Percentage

1. 16-26 50 50

2. 27-37 18 18

3. 38-48 26 26

4. 49-59 6 6

Total 100 100

Diagram 1

The above table shows that the age distribution of the respondents. 34 percent of

the respondents are aged at 15 to 50 years. 60 percent of the respondent are at 35 and

above.

29

TABLE NO. 2

Table showing gender of the respondents.

S.NO Source No. of Respondents Percentage

1. Male 56 56

2. Female 44 44

Total 100 100%

Diagram 2

From the above table shows the sex of the respondents. 56 percent of the

respondents are male, 44 percentage of the respondents are female.

30

TABLE NO:3

Table showing education qualification of the respondents.

S.NO Qualification No. of Respondents Percentage

1. Below X &X 62 62

2. XI & XII 10 10

3. Diploma & I.T 24 24

4. U.G 4 4

Total 100 100

Diagram 3

The above table shows that the Education qualifications of the respondents in the

Sample of 62 employees that is percent are below S.S.L.C &S.S.L.C, 10 percent of the

respondents are Higher secondary and the 24 percent respondents Diploma & IT

holder,and remaining 4 percent respondents are under graduate holder.

31

TABLE NO. 4

Table showing marital status of the respondents.

S.NO Status No. of Respondents Percentage

1. Married 46 46

2. Un Married 54 54

Total 100 100%

Diagram 4

The above table shows that the marital status of the respondents 46 respondents

are married ,and remaining 54 respondents are unmarried

32

TABLE NO .5

Table showing experience of the respondents.

S.NO Experience No. of Respondents Percentage

1. 1-10 66 66

2. 11-21 14 14

3. 22-32 18 18

33-43 2 2

Total 100 100

Diagram 5

The above table shows the experience of the respondents. 66percent of the

respondents are having experience as 1-10 years. 14 percentage of the respondents are

having 11-21 years of experience. 18 percent of the respondents are having 22-32 years

of experience. 2 percentage of respondents are having 33-43 years .

CHI SQUARE TEST:

33

TABLE: CS-1To find out the relationship between Age and Store facility.

Age * Store facility Cross tabulation

Store facility TotalHighly

satisfiedSatisfied Neutral Highly

DissatisfiedAge 16-26 8 28 12 2 50

27-37 8 10 1838-48 4 16 6 2649-59 6 6

Total 8 46 38 8 100

Chi-Square TestsValue df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 38.615 9 .000Likelihood Ratio 44.046 9 .000Linear-by-Linear

Association10.504 1 .001

N of Valid Cases 100

H0 : there is no significant association between age and store facility H1 : there is significant association between age and store facility

Diagram: CS-1

There is no significant difference the 2 values

34

TABLE: CS-2To find out the relationship between Age and Sitting facility

Age * Sitting facility Cross tabulation

Sitting facility

Total

Highly Satisfied

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied

Age 16-26 2 16 28 2 2 5027-37 6 10 2 1838-48 6 10 10 2649-59 2 4 6

Total 2 30 52 2 14 100





Diagram: CS-2

There is significant value h1

TABLE: CS-3

35

To find out the relationship between Age and First Aid facility.

Age * First Aid Facility Cross tabulation

First Aid Facility

Total

Highly Satisfied


Age 16-26 2 36 10 2 5027-37 12 4 2 1838-48 10 2 2 12 2649-59 4 2 6

Total 2 62 18 4 14 100





Diagram: CS-3


TABLE: CS-4

36

To find out the relationship between Age and Canteen Facility.

Age * Canteen Facility Cross tabulation

Canteen Facility

Total


Age 16-26 44 2 4 5027-37 8 8 2 1838-48 10 4 2 10 2649-59 2 4 6

Total 64 18 2 16 100





Diagram: CS-4


TABLE: CS-5

37

To find out the relationship between Age and Shelter & Restroom.

Age * Shelter & Restroom Cross tabulation

Shelter & Restroom

Total


Age 16-26 38 8 4 5027-37 10 6 2 1838-48 6 2 2 16 2649-59 6 6

Total 60 16 4 20 100





Diagram: CS-5


TABLE: CS-6To find out the relationship between Age and Welfare Officer.

38

Age * Welfare Officer Cross tabulation

Welfare Officer

Total

Satisfied Neutral Highly Dissatisfied

Age 16-26 14 34 2 5027-37 8 10 1838-48 22 4 2649-59 6 6

Total 22 72 6 100





Diagram: CS-6

h0 there is significant difference

TABLE: CS-7

39

To find out the relationship between Experience and Store facility.

Experience * Store facility Cross tabulation

Store facility

Total

Highly satisfied


Experience 1 to 10 yrs 8 34 22 2 66 11 to 21 yrs 6 8 14 22 to 32 yrs 4 8 6 18 33 to 43 yrs 2 2

Total 8 46 38 8 100 Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 28.511 9 .001

Likelihood Ratio 27.296 9 .001 Linear-by-Linear



Diagram: CS-7

h0 there is significant difference

40

TABLE: CS-8To find out the relationship between Experience and Sitting facility.

Experience * Sitting facility Cross tabulation

Sitting facility

Total

Highly Satisfied


Experience 1 to 10 yrs 2 20 40 2 2 66 11 to 21 yrs 6 6 2 14 22 to 32 yrs 2 6 10 18 33 to 43 yrs 2 2

Total 2 30 52 2 14 100 Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 39.809 12 .000




Diagram: CS-8

There is significant difference

TABLE: CS-9To find out the relationship between Experience and First Aid facility.

41

Experience * First Aid Facility Cross tabulation

First Aid Facility

Total

Highly Satisfied


Experience 1 to 10 yrs 2 46 14 2 2 66 11 to 21 yrs 6 4 2 2 14 22 to 32 yrs 8 10 18 33 to 43 yrs 2 2

Total 2 62 18 4 14 100 Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 41.511 12 .000




Diagram: CS-9

There is significant difference

TABLE: CS-10To find out the relationship between Experience and Canteen facility

42

Experience * Canteen Facility Cross tabulation

Canteen Facility

Total


Experience 1 to 10 yrs 50 10 2 4 66 11 to 21 yrs 10 2 2 14 22 to 32 yrs 2 6 10 18 33 to 43 yrs 2 2





N of Valid Cases 100 Diagram: CS-10

There is no significant difference

TABLE: CS-11To find out the relationship between Experience and Shelter & Restroom facility

43

Experience * Shelter & Restroom Cross tabulation

Shelter & Restroom

Total


Experience 1 to 10 yrs 46 12 4 4 66 11 to 21 yrs 8 4 2 14 22 to 32 yrs 4 14 18 33 to 43 yrs 2 2






Diagram: CS-11

There is no significant difference

TABLE: CS-12To find out the relationship between Experience and Welfare facility

44

Experience * Welfare Officer Cross tabulation

Welfare Officer

Total


Experience 1 to 10 yrs 20 44 2 66 11 to 21 yrs 2 12 14 22 to 32 yrs 14 4 18 33 to 43 yrs 2 2

Total 22 72 6 100 Chi-Square Tests





Diagram: CS-12

h1 There is no significant difference

TABLE NO. 6

45

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the drinking water

S.NO Satisfactory Level No. of Respondents Percentage

1. Highly Satisfied 22 22

2. Satisfied 66 66

3. Neutral 8 8

4. Dissatisfied - -

5. Highly Dissatisfied 4 4

Total 100 100

Diagram 6

This table indicates 66 percent of the respondents are having the satisfied level of

satisfaction in drinking water . 4 percent of the respondents have not satisfied on

drinking water facilities 8 percent of the respondents are viewed as normal of satisfaction.

46

TABLE NO.7

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the latrines & urinals

S.NO Satisfactory level No. of Respondents Percentage


2. Satisfied 56 56

3. Neutral 18 18

4. Dissatisfied 4 4


Total 100 100

Diagram 7

This table shows that 4 percent of the respondents are having not-satisfied level of

opinion 18 percent of the respondents are having the normal level of satisfaction 18

percent of the respondents are having very poor level of satisfaction

I. SAFETY MEASURES

47

This section dealt about the safety measures and facilities taken against fire, eyes

and the appliances etc., This is one of the important facility to be provide to the workers

in their work spot during the working hour in order to prevent them from industrial

accidents, injuries etc., The satisfactory level of the respondents towards these facilities

are mentioned clearly in the .

TABLE A WEIGHTED AVERAGE

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the safety measures

Point H.DIS DIS NET SAT HS TOTAL AVG WIGHT RANK

Protection

of Eyes24 16 180 24 10 254 16.93 0.169 4

Protection

of Fires28 12 24 208 30 302 20.13 0.201 2

Fencing of

Machinery8 4 84 232 20 348 23.20 0.232 1

Safety

Implement12 16 210 40 - 278 18.53 0.185 3

Diagram A

In this chart we will easily understand that the fencing of machinery has the weighted

average 0.232 it rank is 1,protection of fires has weighted average of 0.201 it rank is

2,safety implements has the weighted average 0.185 it rank is 3, protection of eyes has

the weighted average 0.169 it ranks is 4 .

TABLE NO. 8

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the safety measures

48

Diagram 8

A-Protection of eyes, B–Protection of Fire, C–Fencing of Machinery, D–Safety

Implements

From this diagram it is evident that 42% the respondents are having normal level of

satisfaction about the apparatus given for the protection of Eyes. 38% of the

respondents are not satisfied about the measures taken against fire. 40% of the

respondents are having poor level of satisfaction about the fences which are made for the

machines. And 70% of the respondents are having full satisfaction about the safety

implements, which are provided by the corporation for the welfare of the workers.

II. CANTEEN FACILITIES

The early as 1946, the L.I.C stated the main objectives of a worker’s canteen. It

said "The workers canteen is increasingly recognized all over the world as an essential

SAFETY

MEASURES

HIGHLY

SATISFIED

SATISFIED NEUTRAL DISSATISFIED HIGHLY

DISSATISFIED

PERCENTAGE

1Protection

of ears2 6 60 8 24 100

2Protection

of fire6 52 8 6 28 100

3Fencing of

Machinery4 58 28 2 8 100

4Safety

Implements- 10 70 8 12 100

49

part of the industrial Establishment, Providing undeniable benefits from the part of view

of health, efficiency and well being. To introduce an element of nutritional balanced

dietary of the worker, to provide cheap and clean food and an opportunity to relax in

comfort near the place of work, to save time and trouble to workers an account of

exhausting joureys to and from work after long hours in the factory, these are some of the

objects of an industrial canteen”.

With these points in her mind, the Researcher collected the opinion of the worker

towards the aspects of canteen and that is given in this diagram.

This comparative Bar Diagram explains the satisfactory level about the canteen

facilities which are provided for the worker by the corporation. The opinion of the

workers towards the standard of construction, cleanliness, the quality of food, the

quantity and changes have been compared in this diagram.

TABLE B

Table showing opinion of the canteen facilities by the respondents.

50

Point HDIS DIS NET SAT H.SAT TOTAL AVG WEI RANK

Standard 18 12 54 224 10 318 21.20 0.212 5

Cleanliness 16 8 42 248 20 334 22.26 0.222 2

Quality 10 8 30 280 30 358 23.86 0.238 1

Quantity 4 4 66 256 40 324 21.60 0.216 3

Service 8 8 162 112 30 320 21.33 0.213 4

Diagram B

From this we will clearly understand that the quality of food has the weighted average

of 0.238 it rank is 1,cleanliness in the canteen has the weighted average of 0.226 it rank

is 2,quantity of food in the canteen has the weighted average of 0.216 it rank is 3,

services provided in the canteen has the weighted average of 0.213 it ranks is 4,

Standard provided in the canteen has the weighted average of 0.212 it ranks is 5.

TABLE NO. 9

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the Standard of construction


51


2. Satisfied 56 56

3. Neutral 18 18

4. Dissatisfied 6 6


Total 100 100

Diagram 9

HS – Highly Satisfied SAT–Satisfied NEU–Neutral

HDIS- Highly Dissatisfied DIS –Dissatisfied


satisfaction in Standard of construction. 4 percent of the respondents have not satisfied

on Standard of Construction .18 percent of the respondents are viewed as normal of

satisfaction.

TABLE NO. 10

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the cleanliness

52

Diagram 10




TABLE NO. 11

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the quality of food



2. Satisfied 62 62

3. Neutral 14 14

4. Dissatisfied 4 4


Total 100 100

53



2. Satisfied 70 70

3. Neutral 10 10

4. Dissatisfied 4 4


Total 100 100

Diagram 11




TABLE NO. 12

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the quantity of food



54

2. Satisfied 64 64

3. Neutral 22 22

4. Dissatisfied 2 2


Total 100 100

Diagram 12

34% of the respondents are satisfied about the standard of construction 28% of the

respondents are having normal level of satisfaction about the cleaning in the canteen 2%

of the respondents are having poor satisfaction on the quality of the food in which they

are receiving from the canteen. 22% of the respondents are not satisfied about the quality

of food. And 24 percent of the respondents are having satisfaction about the price which

have been assigned, for each eatable items in the canteen. And other satisfactory levels

have been clearly compared in this comparative Bar Diagram.

TABLE NO. 13

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the service



55

2. Satisfied 28 28

3. Neutral 54 54

4. Dissatisfied 4 4


Total 100 100

Diagram 13




III. SOCIAL SECURITY

The facilities are provided to the workers with a view to their welfare in

future and also when the are in distress situation. The measures will include the family

pension Scheme, E.S.I Scheme, collection data, and bonus etc.,

56

TABLE C

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the social security

DIAGRAM C

From this diagram we will understand that the employees pension scheme has the

weighted average of 0.225 it rank is 1,bonus has the weighted average of 0.224 it rank is

2,employees pension fund has the weighted average of 0.222 it rank is 3

TABLE 14

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the social security

Point HSAT SAT NET DIS HIG.DIS TOTAL AVG WEIGHT RANK

E.P.F 30 144 150 8 4 336 22.40 0.224 2

E.P.S 20 152 150 8 4 334 22.26 0.222 3

BONUS 30 152 150 - 6 338 22.53 0.225 1

57

Diagram 14

HS – Highly Satisfied SAT – Satisfied NEU– Neutral

HDIS– Highly Dissatisfied DIS – Dissatisfied

In this diagram indicates that 36 percentage of the respondents are

satisfied towards E.P.F.50percent of the respondents are having the normal level of

satisfaction about E.P.S, and only 4 percent of the respondents are having poor level of

satisfaction about the bonus.

IV. MEDICAL FACILITIES

It is now an accepted theory that health care for workers will help to reduce the

incidence of sickness and, therefore, absenteeism among them and increase

productivity. Considerable attention has been paid to the provision of medical

facilities for the workers by this corporation in accordance with the legal provision of

Point HSAT SAT NET DIS HIG.DIS TOTAL PERCENTAGE

E.P.F 6 36 50 4 4 100 100

E.P.S 4 38 50 4 4 100 100

BONUS 6 38 50 - 6 100 100

58

the Factorial Act of 1948 and the Employee’s State Insurance Act, 1948. Medical

care and cash benefits are provided to worker for such reasons as sickness, death due

to employment injury etc., the families of workers are also covered under this

facilities.

TABLE D

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the medical facilities

DIAGRAM D

From the table we will understand that the Timing of Dispensary has the weighted

average of 0.190, it rank is 1, Services has the weighted average of 0.189, it rank is 2,

Dispensary has the weighted average of 0.188 it rank is 3.

TABLE 15

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the medical facilitiesSL

NO

MEDICAL

MEASURES

HIGHLY

SATISFIEDSATISFIED NEUTRAL DISSATISFIED

HIGHLY

DISSATISFIEDPERCENTAGE

1 Dispensary 4 52 10 2 20 88

2 Service - 56 14 - 18 88

Point H.DIS DIS NET SAT HS TOTAL AVG WIGHT RANK

Dispensary 20 4 30 208 20 282 18.80 0.188 3

Services 18 - 42 224 - 284 18.93 0.189 2

Timing of

Dispensary16 - 54 216 - 286 19.06 0.190 1

59

3Timing of

Dispensary- 54 18 - 16 88

Diagram 15

This diagram explains that 50 percent of respondents are making use of the

dispensary provided by the corporation. Also it is presented in the diagram that 50

percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction towards the

facilities which are provided from the dispensary. 48 percent of the respondents are

having normal of satisfaction about of timing of the dispensary and also 46 percent of

the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction towards mode of services for

the dispensary.

V. HEALTH CARE

Chapter III of the factories Act of 1948, indicates the provision of health facilities to

the workers in an industry. This will make the workers to maintain a healthy life in

their work sport and in the family. Under this heading the researcher dealt about the

health of activities and the opinion of the workers towards the facilities like drinking

water, cleanliness, temperature, ventilation, lighting etc.,

60

TABLE E

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the health care facilities


Disposal of

waste130 240 30 - 2 402 26.80 0.268 1.5

61

Drinking water 110 264 24 - 4 402 26.80 0.268 1.5

Latrines &

urinals20 224 54 8 18 324 21.60 0.216 5

Cleanliness 10 216 54 8 22 310 20.66 0.206 6

Ventilation 30 256 72 8 2 368 24.53 0.245 3

Temperature 30 192 126 4 2 354 23.60 0.236 4

Diagram E

From the table we will understand that the drinking water and disposal of waste has the

weighted average of 0.268 it rank is 1.5, Ventilation has the weighted average of 0.245, it

rank is 3, Temperature has the weighted average of 0.236 it rank is 4, Latrines & urinals

has the weighted average of 0.216, it rank is 5, Cleanliness has the weighted average of

0.206, it rank is 6.

TABLE NO.16

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the disposal of waste

S.NO Satisfactory level No .of Respondents Percentage


2. Satisfied 60 60

3. Neutral 10 10

4. Dissatisfied - -


62

Total 100 100

Diagram 16

The 60 percent of the respondents having the satisfactory level on disposal of

wastes. 10 percent of the respondents are having the normal satisfactory level. 4 percent

of the respondents are having very poor satisfactory level

TABLE NO. 17

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the drinking water



2. Satisfied 66 66

3. Neutral 8 8

4. Dissatisfied - -


63

Total 100 100

Diagram 17


satisfaction in drinking water. 4 percent of the respondents have not satisfied on drinking

water facilities 8 percent of the respondents are viewed as normal of satisfaction.

TABLE NO.18

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the latrines & urinals



2. Satisfied 56 56

3. Neutral 18 18

4. Dissatisfied 4 4

64


Total 100 100

Diagram 18

This table shows that percent of the respondents are having not-satisfied level of

opinion 26 percent of the respondents are having the normal level of satisfaction 14

percent of the respondents are viewed as poor and only 6 percent of the respondents are

having very poor level of satisfaction on this aspect.

TABLE NO. 19

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the cleanliness

S.NO Satisfaction level NO. of Respondents Percentage


2. Satisfied 54 54

3. Neutral 18 18

4. Dissatisfied 4 4

65


Total 100 100

Diagram 19

In this table it is evident that 76 percent of the respondent opinion is normal. 20

percent of the respondents have opinioned as not satisfied level and only 4 percent of the

respondents are viewed as poor.

TABLE NO. 20

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the ventilation



2. Satisfied 64 64

3. Neutral 24 24

66

4. Dissatisfied 4 4


Total 100 100

Diagram 20

Here 44 percent of the respondents have viewed their opinion as normal 20

percent of the respondents are having the opinion as not satisfied and poor. Only 16

percent of the respondents have viewed as very poor.

TABLE NO. 21

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the temperature



2, Satisfied 48 48

3. Neutral 42 42

4. Dissatisfied 2 2

67


Total 100 100

Diagram 21

In this table 44 percent of the respondents have viewed their opinion as normal.

38 percent of the respondents have viewed as not satisfied. Only 18 percentage of the

respondent have the opinion as poor.

VI. TRANSPORT FACILITIES

Transport facilities to and from the place of work are given to the workers as one of

the desirable welfare amenities. The main purpose of this amenity is to enable workers

reach their place of work without undue delay or fatigue. In this corporation this

68

facilities are arranged for all the shift workers who leave for home after work at odd

hours of the night also.

Diagram 22

V.G. – Very Good G – Good P – Poor

In this chart 44 percent respondents have opinion as good regarding transport facility.

VII. WORKING CONDITIONS:

Workers are exhibiting their skills and talents by scarifying their energy, sweat

and ultimately their life. The working conditions like working hours, shift, work load

should be according to the convenience of the working which will make them to feel

69

satisfy for the work, work spot, working conditions. This section the researcher has dealt

the various working conditions.

TABLE F

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the working condition

Point CONV HEAV INCONV TOTAL AVG WEIGHT RANK

Working

Hours

253 16 8 279 18.60 0.1860 2

Work shift 240 20 10 270 18.00 0.18 4

Work load 72 152 - 224 14.93 0.149 5

Holiday 246 32 2 280 18.66 0.1866 1

Interval 246 24 6 276 18.40 0.184 3

Overcrowding - 200 - 200 13.33 0.133 6

Noise - 76 62 138 9.2 0.092 7

Diagram F

From the table we will understand that the Holiday has the weighted average of 0.1866, it

rank is 1, Working Hours has the weighted average of 0.1860, it rank is 2, Interval has

the weighted average of 0.184 it rank is 3, Work shift has the weighted average of 0.180,

it rank is 4, Work load has the weighted average of 0.149, it rank is 5, Overcrowding has

the weighted average of 0.133, it rank is6, Noise has the weighted average of 0.092, it

rank is7.

TABLE NO. 23

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the working hours


1. Convenient 84 84

70

2. Normal 8 8

3. Inconvenient 8 8

Total 100 100

Diagram 23

Here it is evident that 62 percent of the respondents are having the opinion as

convenient. Normal of opinion has expressed by 38 percent. Not even one percent of the

respondents have viewed their opinion as Inconvenient.

TABLE NO 24

71

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the works shift


1. Convenient 80 80

2. Normal 10 10

3. Inconvenient 10 10

Total 100 100

Diagram 24

This above table mentioned that 74 percent of the respondents have expressed

their views as convenient 24 percent of the respondents have expressed their views as

normal. And it is inconvenient only for 2 percent of the respondents.

TABLE NO. 25

72

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the work load


1. Heavy 24 24

2. Normal 76 76

3. Less - -

Total 100 100

Diagram 25

In this table I is evident that 46 percent of the respondents have viewed their

workload as heavy. 52 percent of the respondents have viewed as normal workload and

only 2 percent of the respondents have expressed their less satisfaction.

TABLE NO 26

73

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the holidays


1. Convenient 82 82

2. Normal 16 16

3. Inconvenient 2 2

Total 100 100

Diagram 26

In this table has revealed that 100 percent of the respondents viewed that they are

satisfied and Non even non percent of the respondents have viewed their opinion as they

satisfied and poor.

TABLE NO. 27

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the interval

74


1. Enough 82 82

2. Medium 12 12

3. Not Enough 6 6

Total 100 100

Diagram 27

38 percent of the respondents expressed their views as the interval is medium,

But, 62 percent of the respondents have expressed their views as not enough and not

even one percent of the respondents have expressed their views as enough.

TABLE NO.28

75

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the over crowding


1. Yes - -

2. No 100 100

Total 100 100%

Diagram 28

In this table it is evident that 100 percent of the respondents have viewed over

crowding as no. Not even one percent of the respondents their views as yes.

TABLE NO. 29

76

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the noise


1. Disturbance - -

2. Normal 38 38

3. Not at all 62 62

Total 100 100

Diagram 29

In this table it is evident that 70 percent of the respondents expressed their view as

normal. And 30 percent of the respondents expressed that the noise is disturbance to

them.

VIII. WELFARE FACILITIES

TABLE G

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the welfare facilities

Point HDIS DIS NET SAT H.SAT TOTAL AVG WEI RANK

77

Store 8 - 114 184 40 346 23.067 0.230 1

Sitting 14 4 156 120 10 304 20.267 0.202 3

First

aid14 8 54 248 10 334 22.267 0.222 2

Canteen 16 4 60 248 - 328 21.866 0.218 4

Shelter

rests

room

20 12 48 232 - 314 20.933 0.209 5

Welfare

officer- 12 228 72 - 312 20.800 0.208 6

Diagram G

From the table we will understand that the store has the weighted average of 0.230, it

rank is 1, First aid has the weighted average of 0.222, it rank is 2, Canteen has the

weighted average of 0.202 it rank is 3, Shelter rests room has the weighted average of

0.218, it rank is 4, Welfare officer has the weighted average of 0.209, it rank is 5, Sitting

has the weighted average of 0.208, it rank is 6.

TABLE 30

Table showing opinion of the store facilities by the respondents.

78

S.NO Washing Facilities No. of Respondents Percentage


2. Satisfied 46 46

3. Neutral 38 38

4. Dissatisfied - -


Total 100 100

Diagram 30

The above table shows that 8 percent of the respondents are highly satisfied with

the washing facilities. 46 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the facilities. 38

percent of the respondents are having neutral in the level of satisfaction in washing

facilities. 8 percent of the respondents are having Highly Dissatisfied opinion towards the

facilities.

TABLE NO. 31

Table showing opinion of the sitting facilities by the respondents.

79

S.NO. Sitting Facilities No. of Respondents Percentage


2. Satisfied 30 30

3. Neutral 52 52

4. Dissatisfied 2 2


Total 100 100

Diagram 31

The above table clearly mentions that 30 percent of the respondents are satisfied

with the existing sitting facilities. 52 percent of the respondents viewed that they are

normal satisfaction. Only 14 percent of the respondents have opined not satisfied level.

80

TABLE NO. 32

Table showing opinion of the first aid facilities by the respondents.

S.NO Satisfactory Level No. of Responds Percentage


2. Satisfied 62 62

3. Neutral 18 18

4. Dissatisfied 4 4


Total 100 100

Diagram 32

This table indicated that, 62 percent of the respondents are having satisfied

opinion . 4 percent of the respondents are not satisfied. 18 percent of the respondents are

having normal level of satisfaction. 4 percent of the respondents are having poor opinion

TABLE: 33

81

Table showing opinion of the Canteen facilities by the respondents.


1. Highly Satisfied - -

2. Satisfied 62 62

3. Neutral 20 20

4. Dissatisfied 2 2


Total 100 100

Diagram 33

By the above table it is very clear that 62 percent of the respondents are having

satisfied opinion about canteen facilities. 20 percent of the respondent viewed that the

facilities are normal and poor. 2 percent of the respondents are have not satisfied level.

Only 16 percent of the respondents have said the facilities are very poor.

TABLE NO.34

Table showing opinion of the shelters & rest room facilities by the respondents.

82



2. Satisfied 58 58

3. Neutral 16 16

4. Dissatisfied 6 6


Total 100 100

Diagram 34

This table shows about 58 percent of the respondents are satisfied towards this

facilities. 16 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction. And only

6 percent of the respondents are having not satisfied level.

TABLE NO. 35

Table showing opinion towards welfare officer.


83


2. Satisfied 18 18

3. Neutral 76 76

4. Dissatisfied 6 6

5. Highly Dissatisfied - -

Total 100 100

Diagram 35

18 percent of the respondents are satisfied with welfare officer. 6 percent of the

respondents are not satisfied with welfare officer. 76 percent of the respondents are

having normal level of satisfaction.

IX. GENERAL OPINION

Here the important opinion of the workers relating to management. Job

satisfaction, relation between welfare facilities and work done, absenteeism and the

relationship with their superior have explained in detail.

84

TABLE H

Table showing the general opinion of the respondents about the welfare facilities

Diagram H

From the table we will understand that the Co–worker has the weighted average of 0.298,

it rank is 1, Superior has the weighted average of 0.288, it rank is 2, Job satisfaction has

the weighted average of 0.269 it rank is 3, Welfare facilities has the weighted average of

0.238, it rank is 4.

TABLE NO. 36

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the opinion towards welfare

facilities



Welfare

facilities50 216 78 8 6 358 23.86 0.238 4

Job

satisfaction170 208 18 - 8 404 26.93 0.269 3

Co–worker 240 208 - - - 448 29.86 0.298 1

Superior 180 240 12 - - 432 28.80 0.288 2

85


2. Satisfied 54 54

3. Neutral 26 26

4. Dissatisfied 4 4


Total 100 100

Diagram 36

This table shows about 44 percent of the respondents are normal towards this

facilities 34 percent of the respondents are not satisfied. 12 percent of the respondents

have expressed their views as satisfied. 6 percent of the respondents are having poor

level satisfaction and only 4 percent of the respondents viewed as very poor.

TABLE NO.37

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the job satisfaction



86

2. Satisfied 52 52

3. Neutral 6 6

4. Dissatisfied - -


Total 100 100

Diagram 37

By the above table it is very clear that 38 percent of the respondents are having

satisfied opinion about Job satisfaction. 34 percent of the respondents viewed that the job

satisfaction are normal and 20 percent said not-satisfied, and only 8 percent of the

respondents viewed as poor level of satisfaction.

TABLE NO. 38

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the relationship with co - workers.



87

2. Satisfied 52 52

3. Neutral - -

4. Dissatisfied - -


Total 100 100

Diagram 38

In this table it is clear that 74 percent of the respondents are satisfies towards this

relationship. 20 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction and

only 16 percent of the respondents are having not satisfied. Not even one percent of the

respondents have expressed their views as poor & very poor.

TABLE NO. 39

Table showing the opinion of the respondents in the relationship with superiors.


88


2. Satisfied 60 60

3. Neutral 4 4

4. Dissatisfied - -


Total 100 100

Diagram 39

In this table it is clear that 74 percent of the respondents are satisfies towards this

relationship. 20 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction and

only 16 percent of the respondents are having not satisfied. Not even one percent of the

respondents have expressed their views as poor & very poor.

Chapter - IX

FINDING

Introduction:

89

This chapter will be dealing with the finding the researcher has made after his

analysis of data collected from the respondent. Here the researcher has also given her

workable suggestions to be and can be made if the management authorities gives

consideration to these possible essential aspect.

INTRA – MURAL FACILITIES:

66 Percent of the respondents are satisfied with the drinking water facility.

18 percent of the respondents are highly dissatisfied with the Latrines & Urinals

facilities.

60 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction with it the

safety measures for the eyes.

8 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction in protection

of fire

28 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction towards the

fencing of machinery.

70 percent of the respondents are having the normal level of satisfaction with the

safety implements.

62 percent of the respondents are satisfied with cleanliness

70 percent of the respondents are satisfied with quality of food

22 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction in quantity

food.

28 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the services provided in the

canteen.

EXTRA – MURAL FACILITIES:

50 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction in EPF.

50 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction in EPS.

38 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the Bonus.

52 percent of the respondents are satisfied in dispensary facilities.

90

54 percent of the respondents feel satisfied in timing facilities.

56 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction towards

service.

Almost every (female) respondent satisfied in Transport facilities.

WORKING CONDITION:-

42 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction in

temperature.

84 percent of the respondents feel convenient of working hours.

80 percent of the respondents feel convenient of shift time.

76 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction towards the

work load.

Every 82 respondents are more satisfied with the holidays they provided.

12 percent of the respondents say that interval facilities is not enough to them.

Every respondent are satisfied with over crowing.

WELFARE FACILITIES & GENERAL OPINION:-

46 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the store facilities.

30 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the sitting facilities.

62 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the first aid facilities.

62 Percent of the respondents are satisfied with the canteen facilities.

16 percent of the respondents are having normal level satisfaction in shelter & rest

room facilities.

18 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the work of welfare officer.

26 percent of the respondents are having normal level of satisfaction about

opinion towards welfare.

52 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the job they do.

52 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the co-workers.

60 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the relationship between the

supervisor and the workers.

91

Chapter - X

SUGGESSTIONS

Inter-mural facilities:- 4 percent of the respondents are highly dissatisfied with drinking water facility it

can provided properly by additional water treatment plant at proper place.

92

32 percent of the respondents are not satisfied with the safety measures for the

eyes glasses can be provided whenever needed to the employees.

34 percent of the respondents are not satisfied in protection of fire it can be

overcome by regular training to the employees.

Only 10 percent of the respondents are not satisfied towards the fencing of

machinery it can overcome by the proper maintenance.

12 percent of the respondents are not satisfied towards with the safety implements

it lead to low production.

24 percent of the respondents are not satisfied with the standard of construction of

the canteen it can modify according to the need of the respondents.

20 percent of the respondents are not satisfied with cleanliness in the canteen

proper steps taken for this facility.

Only 14 percent of the respondents are not satisfied with quality of food in the

canteen it can be improve.

Only 6 percent of the respondents are not satisfied with quantity of food in the

canteen it can be improve.

Extra-mural facilities:- 92 percent of the respondents are satisfied with the social securities, they can try

to reach cent percentage in forth coming year

20 percent of the respondents are not satisfied with dispensary facility to the

employees, proper steps to be taken to overcome.

18 percent of the respondents are not satisfied with services provided to the

employees, proper steps to be taken to overcome.

60 percent of the respondent of male employee in this mill, they provide transport

facility to them at the time night shift.

Working condition:- Only 8 percent of the employee feel that the working hours is not all convenient

to them ,at the time of night shift it can be overcome by providing transport &

food facility at free of cost to the employee..

Only 2 percent of the respondents feel that the holidays are not convenient to

them regular step can be take to change into cent convenient to the all employee.

93

Only 6 percent of the respondents feel that the time of the interval is not all

enough to them.

Welfare facilities & general opinion:- 8 percent of the respondents can provide store facility to reach pent percentage.

14 percent of the respondents are not available the sitting facility, more number of

chair & table can be provided to the employee.

14 percent of the respondents are highly dissatisfied with the first aid facility it

can be overcome by giving the proper services of the dispensary, timely checking

of the medicine to avoid the expiry of the medicine .

16 percent of the respondents feel highly dissatisfied with the canteen facility at

the time of the night shift; it can be overcome by providing food for the night shift

employee.

10 percent of the respondents are highly dissatisfied with the overall welfare

facility, it can be overcome by the properly providing of the store, sitting, first aid

and canteen facilities to the employee at timely & correctly.

8 percent of the respondents are highly dissatisfied in the job because of the non

permanent in the work even working for 10 to 12 years.

CHAPTER – XI

CONCLUSION

Every individual organization growth is not a real growth.

94

Every organization as well as employee growth is a real growth.

Taking this into consideration every organization develops themselves as well as

employee of that organization.

Finally it can be reflect on the development of the economy.

CHAPTER – XII

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Agarwal. R.D. “ Dynamics of labour relation in India” Mercury publishing

House, New Delhi, 1974.

95

Bhagaliwal. T.N. “ Economic of Labour and Industrial Relations” Sathiya

Bhavan, 1982.

Bhavar. R.K., Industrial Welfare”, Nagpur.

Desa & Rao, “ Labour problems and Social Welfare” New Heights publishes,

New Delhi.

Dale Yoder, “ Personal Management and Industrial Relations” Prentice HallOf

India Private Ltd, New Delhi.

Joseph Tiffin & J. Mecoromic, “ Industrial Psychology” prentice Hall of India

Private Ltd, New Delhi, 1971.

Kirkaldy. H.S.., The Sprit of Industrial Relations” Allied publication private Ltd,

Bombay, 1961

Memoria. C.B. “ Labour Problems and Social welfare in India” Kitab Mahal

Private Limited, Allahabad.

Moorthy. M.V. “ Principal of Labour Welfare” Gupta Brothers, Visakapatnam,

1968

Punkekar. S.D Deodhar, S.B., Mrs. Saraswatjo Sank, Labour Welfare, Trade

Unionism and Industrial Relations” Himalaya Publishing House, 1981.

Chac Licoin, L. “ Satistical Method and Analysis” Mc Graw Hill Book Company,

International Edition, 1969.

Gupta. S.P., “ Statistical Method” Sulthan Chand & Sons, New Delhi, 1979.

Kothari.C.R “Research Methodology”, Willy Ester Limited, New Delhi,1985.

Sharma. A.M.., Aspect of Labour Welfare and Social Security” Himalaya

Publishing House, 1981.

CHAPTER – XIII

ANNEXUREA STUDY ON EMPLOYEE WELFARE MEASURES IN GHEL, PARAVAI.

Interview Schedule

I. Personal Data:

Age:

96

Gender:Marital Status:Education Qualification:Designation:Income:Experience:

II. Kindly tick the following WELFARE FACILITIES:-

Welfare Facilities

Highly Satisfied

Satisfied Neutral Dissatisfied Highly Satisfied

Store facilities

Sitting

First aid facilities

Canteen Facilities

Shelter & Rest Room

Welfare Officer

97

III. Kindly tick the following facilities in CANTEEN:- IM

Canteen Facilities

Highly Satisfied


Standard of ConstructionCleanliness

Quality of foodQuantity

Service

Charges

Iv. Kindly tick the following provided for HEALTH CARE:-

Health Care Highly Satisfied


Disposal of waste

EMDrinking Water IMLatrines & Urinals

IMCleanliness EMVentilation EMTemperature EM

98

V. Kindly tick the following WORKING CONDITIONS:-Working Hours - ( ) Convenient ( ) Normal ( ) Inconvenient

Working Shift - ( ) Convenient ( ) Normal ( ) Inconvenient

Working Load - ( ) Heavy ( ) Normal ( ) Less

Holidays - ( ) Convenient ( ) Normal ( ) Inconvenient

Interval - ( ) Enough ( ) Medium ( ) Not enough

Over Crowding - ( ) Yes ( ) No

Noise - ( ) Disturbances ( ) Normal ( ) Not at all

Vi. Kindly tick the following SAFETY MEASURES:- IMSafety Measures

Highly Satisfied


Protection of EyesProtection of fireFencing of MachinerySafety Implements

Vii. Kindly tick the following medical facilities provided:- EM

Do you have Dispensary In your company ( ) Yes ( ) No

If yes please tick the following:

Medical Facilities

Highly Satisfied


DispensaryServiceTiming of Dispensary

99

Viii. Kindly tick the following TRANSPORT FACILITIES provided:- EMDoes the company provide transport facility? ( ) Yes ( ) No

If yes means please answer the following?Whether you are provide with Transport facilities ( ) Yes ( ) No

What is your opinion on Transport facilities ( ) Very Good ( ) Good ( ) Poor

Do you have family pass ( ) Yes ( ) No

iX. Kindly tick the following SOCIAL SECURITIES provided:- EM

X. Kindly tick the following GENERAL OPINION:-

Thank you for your kind co-operationIM: INTRA – MURALEM: EXTRA – MURAL

Social securities

HIGHLY SATISFIED

SATISFIED NEUTRAL DISSATISFIED HIGHLY SATISFIED

E.P.FE.P.S.Bonus

General opinion on the following categories

HIGHLY SATISFIED

SATISFIED NEUTRAL DISSATISFIED HIGHLY SATISFIED

Welfare facilities Job satisfaction

Relationship among co-workers Relationship among superiors

100

employee welfare measure

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