employment and unemployment situation in india...

Report No. 515(61/10/1)

Employment and Unemployment Situation in India

2004-05 (Part – I)

NSS 61st ROUND (July 2004 – June 2005)

National Sample Survey Organisation Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation

Government of India

September 2006

Highlights

NSS Report No. 515: Employment and Unemployment Situation in India, 2004-05

i

HIGHLIGHTS

This report is based on the seventh quinquennial survey on employment and unemployment conducted in the 61st round of NSS during July, 2004 to June, 2005. The survey was spread over 7,999 villages and 4,602 urban blocks covering 1,24,680 households (79,306 in rural areas and 45,374 in urban areas) and enumerating 6,02,833 persons (3,98,025 in rural areas and 2,04,808 in urban areas). Employment and unemployment were measured with three different approaches, viz. usual status with a reference period of one year, current weekly status with one week reference period and current daily status based on the daily activity pursued during each day of the reference week. Unless otherwise stated, ‘all’ usual status workers will mean all workers taking into consideration the usual principal and subsidiary status taken together. Some of the key findings are stated below. A Household and Population

• According to the survey estimates, a little over 73 per cent of the households belonged to rural India and accounted for nearly 75 per cent of total population.

• About 11 per cent of households in both the rural and urban areas were headed

by females. Compared to all households, they had, on an average, a relatively smaller household size and a much higher sex-ratio.

• During 2004-05, in India, in as many as 26 per cent of the households in the

rural areas and 8 per cent in the urban areas, there was no member in the age-group 15 years and above who could read and write a simple message with understanding.

• Among those households having at least one member of age 15 years and

above, about 4 per cent in the rural areas and 8 per cent in the urban areas had no usually employed member of age 15 years and above.

• About 57 per cent of the rural and 64 per cent of the urban population belonged

to the age group (15-59 years). • In the rural areas, during 2004-05, about 64 per cent of males and 45 per cent

of the females were literate. The corresponding proportions, in the urban areas, were 81 per cent and 69 per cent.

B Labour Force • According to the usual status (ps+ss), about 56 per cent of rural males and 33

per cent of rural females belonged to the labour force. The corresponding proportions in the urban areas were 57 per cent and 18 per cent, respectively.

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• During the period 1999-2000 to 2004-05, the LFPRs according to usual status

(ps+ss) increased by nearly 2 percentage points for males and about 3 percentage points for females, in the rural areas. In the urban areas, during that period, it increased by about 3 percentage points for both the males and females.

C Work Force

• About 42 per cent of the population in the country were usually employed.

The proportion was 44 per cent in the rural and 37 per cent in the urban. • The gender differential in the worker population ratio (WPR) was distinct: 55

per cent for males and 33 per cent for females in the rural areas, and 55 per cent for males and 17 per cent for females in the urban areas.

• The daily status rates were slightly lower than the current weekly status rates,

which, in turn, were slightly lower than the usual status rates.

• Between 1999-2000 and 2004-05, in the rural areas, WPR in the usual status approach increased by about 2 percentage points for the males and by about 3 percentage points for the females. In the urban areas, the rates increased by about 3 percentage points for both the males and females.

• In rural India, the proportion of ‘all’ male workers engaged in the agricultural

activities declined gradually from 81 per cent in 1977-78 to 67 per cent in 2004-05. For ‘all’ female workers, the decline was less - from 88 per cent in 1977-78 to 83 per cent in 2004-05.

• In urban India, the ‘trade, hotel and restaurant' sector engaged about 28 per

cent of the male workers while ‘manufacturing’ and ‘other services’ sectors accounted for nearly 24 and 21 per cent, respectively, of the usually employed males. On the other hand, for urban females, ‘services’ sector accounted for the highest proportion (36 per cent) of the total usually employed, followed by ‘manufacturing’ (28 per cent) and ‘agriculture’ (18 per cent).

• The proportion of urban females employed in ‘manufacturing’ sector

increased from 24 per cent in 1999-2000 to 28 percent in 2004-05. The ‘trade, hotel and restaurant’ sector revealed a fall in its share by about 5 percentage points between 1999-2000 and 2004-05. During this period, no such distinct changes are observed in the case of urban males.

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D Unemployment Rate

• The unemployment rate (number of person unemployed per 1000 persons in the labour force), according to usual status (ps+ss), was 17 in the rural areas and 45 in the urban areas. The unemployment rates for females are found to be higher than that for males, and highest among urban females.

• The unemployment rates according to the current daily status (cds) approach are

higher than the rates obtained according to usual status approach and weekly status approach, thereby indicating a high degree of intermittent unemployment.

• During the period 1999-2000 to 2004-05, the unemployment rate in terms of the

usual status (ps+ss), remained almost the same for rural males and decreased by 1 percentage point for urban males, but the increased by about 1 percentage point for females in both the rural and urban areas.

• In both the rural and urban areas, unemployment rate among the educated

(secondary and above) was higher than that among those whose education level was lower than secondary.

• The unemployment rate was much higher among the youth (15-29) as

compared to that in the overall population.

• Among the educated youth, the unemployment rate was predominantly high in both the rural and urban areas: 267 and 208, respectively for females, and 133 and 91, respectively for males.

E Underemployment

• During 2004-05, the proportion of usually employed females who were found not to be employed during the week preceding the date of survey was 17 per cent in rural India and nearly 9 per cent in urban India. The corresponding percentages for usually employed males were 4 and 2 only.

• The proportion of person-days of the usually employed utilised for work, in

the rural and urban areas, was estimated at about 66 per cent and 80 per cent, respectively for females, and 89 and 95 per cent, respectively for males.

• During 2004-05, in the age group 15 years and above, about 11 per cent of

usually employed rural males and 6 per cent of usually employed urban males sought or were available for additional work. The corresponding percentages for females were around 7 in both the rural and urban areas.

• During 2004-05, about 5 to 9 per cent of the usually employed persons of

different categories had reported availability for alternative work.

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F Labour Mobility • During the two years preceding the date of survey, about 1 per cent of the

usually (ps) employed had changed their work status while about 7 (urban males) to 9 (rural females) per cent had changed their establishment.

• The proportion of persons who changed their establishment is much less

among those with education level higher secondary and above as compared to those with lower levels of education - be it rural or urban area.

• About 1 per cent of usual status (ps) workers reported change in their industry

of work during the two years preceding the date of survey. • About 1 per cent of male workers and less than 1 per cent of female workers

reported change in their occupation during the two years preceding the date of survey.

NSS Report No. 515: Employment and Unemployment Situation in India, 2004-05 v

Contents

PART - I Page Chapter One Introduction 1 – 5 Chapter Two Concepts and Definitions 6 – 22 Summary of Findings Chapter Three Households and Population 23 - 63 Chapter Four Labour Force 64 - 74 Chapter Five Employed (Work Force) 75 - 151 Chapter Six Unemployed 152 - 180 Chapter Seven Underemployment 181 – 195 Chapter Eight Labour Mobility 196 - 204 Annexure-I Description of Industry Groups 012, 014, 015 and

Industry Divisions of NIC-98 205 - 208

Appendix A Detailed Tables (TABLE 1 – TABLE 25) A-1 – A-219

PART - II Appendix A Detailed Tables (TABLE 26 – TABLE 76) A-220 – A-622 Appendix B Sample Design and Estimation Procedure B-1 – B-9 Appendix C Schedule on Employment and Unemployment (Sch. 10) C-1 – C-16

Appendix A

Table No. Title Page

Table (1) Number of fsus (villages/ blocks) surveyed, number of households

surveyed and number of persons enumerated by state/ u.t. A-1

Table (2) Number of households and persons surveyed by age and sex for each state/ u.t.

A-2 – A-3

Table (3) Estimated number of households and persons by age and sex for

each state/ u.t. A-4 – A-9

Table (4) Per 1000 distribution of households by household monthly per

capita expenditure class for each principal household industry A-10 – A-11

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Table (5) Per 1000 distribution of households by household monthly per

capita expenditure class for each principal household occupation A-12 – A-13

Table (6) Per 1000 distribution of households by household type for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class

A-14 – A-15

Table (7) Per 1000 distribution of households by household type for each size

class of land owned (rural a reas only) A-16

Table (8) Average area of land possessed and average household size by size class of land possessed and sex of the head of household (rural areas only)

A-17

Table (9) Per 1000 distribution of households by household type for each size class of land cultivated (for rural areas only)

A-18

Table (10) Per 1000 distribution of households by number of members who

got work for at least 60 days in ‘public works’ during the last 365 days for each household type

A-19 – A-20

Table (11) Number of households with no literate member/female member of age 15 years and above per 1000 households and per 1000 distribution of households with no literate member of age 15+ by mpce class

A-21

Table (12) Per 1000 distribution of households with at least one member of age 15 years and above by number of usual status workers (ps+ss) of age 15 years and above for each household monthly per capita expenditure class

A-22 – A-25

Table (13) Number of persons who received benefit from different schemes

per 1000 persons and their per 1000 distribution by MPCE class for each type of benefit

A-26 – A-27

Table (14) Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each household

monthly per-capita expenditure class A-28 – A-33

Table (15) Per 1000 distribution of persons (of age 10 years & above) by marital status for each age-group

A-34 – A-36

Table (16) Per 1000 distribution of persons of age 5 years & above by general education level for each age-group

A-37 – A-42

Table (17) Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity

category for each age-group A-43 – A-51

Table (18) Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category

A-52 – A-60

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Table (19) Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking

also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group

A-61 – A-69

Table (20) Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual

activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status

A-70 – A-78

Table (21) Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each general educational level

A-79 - A-96

Table (22) Per 1000 distribution of persons by general educational level for

each principal usual activity category A-97 – A-141

Table (23) Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status for each general educational level

A-142 – A-159

Table (24) Per 1000 distribution of persons by general educational level for each usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status

A-160 – A-213

Table (25) Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each household monthly per capita consumer expenditure class

A-214 – A-219


also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status for each household type

A-220 – A-225


also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorised 'not working' for each household land cultivated class

A-226 - A-228

Table (28) Per 1000 distribution of usually working persons by industry of

work A-229 – A-263

Table (29) Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual subsidiary economic

activity for each usual principal activity A- 264 - A- 269

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Table (30) Number of persons who participated volunt arily in the production of

goods and services without remuneration per 1000 person who are not employed according to usual status (ps + ss) and their per 1000 distribution by type of production of goods and services

A-270 – A-274

Table (31) Per 1000 distribution of persons who are not employed according to

usual status (ps + ss) and participated voluntary without remuneration in the production of goods and services by industry division for different age groups

A-275 – A- 279

Table (32) Number of persons registered in employment exchange per 1000

persons of age 15-59 and their per 1000 distribution by general educational level for each broad age group and usual principal activity status

A-280 – A-282

Table (33) Per 1000 distribution of persons of age 15-59 years not pursuing any economic activity (i.e., non-workers) according to the usual principal status by seeking/availability/suitability for the type of occupation (NCO-1968 groups) for each usual principal activity status

A-283 – A-300

Table (34) Per 1000 distribution of persons by current weekly activity for each age-group

A-301 – A-309

Table (35) Per 1000 distribution of persons by age -group for each current weekly activity

A-310 – A-318

Table (36) Per 1000 distribution of person-days by current daily activity for each age-group

A-319 – A327

Table (37) Per 1000 distribution of person-days by age-group for each current

daily activity A-328 – A-336

Table (38) Per 1000 distribution of persons by current weekly activity for each sub-round

A-337 – A-345

Table (39) Per 1000 distribution of persons by current daily activity for each

sub-round A-346 – A-354

Table (40) Per 1000 distribution of persons/person-days working according to cws/ cds by NIC-98 tabulation category

A-355 – A-360

Table (41) Per 10000 distribution of workers by occupation group A-361 – A-363 Table (42) Per 1000 distribution of working persons-days by type of operation

for each broad current daily work activity A-364

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Table (43) Per 1000 distribution of persons by current weekly activity status

for each general educational level A-365 – A-418

Table (44) Per 1000 distribution of person-days by current daily activity for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class

A-419 – A-424

Table (45) Per 1000 distribution of person-days by current daily activity for

each household type A-425 – A-430

Table (46) Per 1000 distribution of person-days by current daily activity for each household land cultivated class (for rural areas only)

A-431 – A-433

Table (47) Average wage/salary earnings (Rs. 0.00) per day received by regular wage/salaried employees (31,71 & 72) of age 15-59 years by industry of work and broad education category

A-434 – A-437

Table (48) Average wage/salary earnings (Rs.0.00) per day received by regular wage/salaried employees (activity status codes: 31, 71 & 72) of age 15-59 years by occupation groups and broad education category

A-438 – A-443

Table (49R) Average wage earnings (Rs. 0.00) per day received by casual wage labourers (activity status codes: 41, 51) by age-group, industry and type of operation for each sub-round for rural areas

A-444 – A-449

Table (49U) Average wage earnings (Rs. 0.00) per day received by casual wage labourers (activity status code: 51) by age-group and industry for each sub-round for urban areas

A-450 –A-452

Table (50) Number of days worked in a week by usual status casual wage labourer (ps+ss) and the average wages receivable per person-day worked in a week for each casual work status and industry

A- 453 – A-456

Table (51) Per 1000 distribution of working person-days of current daily status workers who are either regular wage/salaried or casual wage labourers by periodicity of payment for each current daily status work

A-457 – A-460

Table (52) Per 1000 distribution of working person-days of workers who are either regular wage/salaried or casual wage labourers by broad classes of modes of payment for each current daily status work

A-461 – A-464

Table (53) Per 1000 distribution of self-employed persons working according to current weekly status by number of days with nominal work and number of days worked in a week

A-465 – A-482

Table (54) Per 1000 distribution of self-employed persons according to usual

status (ps + ss) by number of days with nominal work and number of days worked in a week

A-483 – A-494

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Table (55) Per 1000 distribution of persons in the labour force according to

current weekly activity status by number of days seeking/available for work (unemployed) in a week and average number of days worked in a week for each sub-round

A-495 – A-498

Table (56) Per 1000 distribution of persons in the labour force according to current weekly activity status by number of days worked in a week and average number of days seeking/available for work (unemployed) in a week for each sub-round

A-499 – A- 502

Table (57) Per 1000 distribution of self-employed persons according to usual

activity status (ps+ss) by number of days worked in a week and average number of days seeking/available for work (unemployed) in a week for each sub-round

A-503 – A-514

Table (58) Per 1000 distribution of persons in the age group 15-59 who were

unemployed on all the 7 days of the week by duration of unemployment for each broad general educational level

A-515 – A-520

Table (59) Per 1000 distribution of persons in the age group 15-59 years who

were unemployed on all the 7 days of the week but ever worked by duration of last employment for each broad general educational level

A-521 –A-526

Table (60) Per 1000 distribution of unemployed (all the 7 days of the week)

persons of age 15-59 years who had ever worked by reasons for break in employment for each broad industry (division as per NIC 1998) of last employment

A-527 – A-532

Table (61) Per 1000 distribution of unemployed (all the 7 days of the week)

persons of age 15-59 years who had ever worked by reasons for break in employment for each occupation group (as per NCO 1968) of last employment

A-533 – A-538

Table (62) Per 1000 distribution of persons by current weekly activity for each usual activity taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic activity of persons categorised not working in the principal status

A-539 – A-541

Table (63) Per 1000 distribution of person-days by current daily activity for each usual activity taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic activity of persons categorised not working in the principal status

A-542 – A-544

Table (64) Per 1000 distribution of person-days by current daily activity for

each current weekly activity A-545 – A-547

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Table (65) Per 1000 distribution of persons of age 5 years and above who

sought /were available for work by period of sought/ available for each usual principal activity

A-548 – A-550

Table (66) Per 1000 distribution of usual status workers who were without

work for at least 1 month and who sought or were available for work on at least some days during those month(s) by availability of work and period without work for each usual activity status and broad industry division

A-551 – A-562

Table (67) Per 1000 distribution of usual status workers (ps+ss) who were

without work for at least 1 month and who sought or were available for work on at least some days during those month(s) by nature of efforts made to get work for each usual activity status and broad industry division

A-563 – A-565

Table (68) Per 1000 distribution of usual status workers (15 and above) who had sought or were available for additional work by duration and reason for seeking work/ availability for work for each activity status

A-566 – A-571

Table (69) Per 1000 distribution of usual status workers of age 15 years and above who had sought or were available for alternative work by duration and reason for seeking work/ availability for work for each activity status

A-572 – A-577

Table (70) Per 1000 dis tribution of self- employed persons according to the

usual status (ps+ss) reporting their earning from self-employment as remunerative/ non-remunerative by amount of earning regarded as remunerative for each household monthly per capita expenditure class

A-578 – A-583

Table (71) Number per 1000 of usual status workers of age 15 years and above

i) who worked mostly full time work and ii) who worked more or less regularly by activity status and broad industry division

A-584 – A-595

Table (72) Per 1000 distribution of permanent workers of age 15 years &

above by level of education for different activity status (ps + ss) and industry

A-596 – A-598

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Table (73) Number of usual principal status workers who changed

establishment of work, status of work during last 2 years per 1000 workers of age 15 years & above and per 1000 distribution of those who changed their status of work by the last usual principal work activity status for each broad general education level and present usual principal activity status

A-599 – A-604

Table (74) Number of usual principal status workers who changed industry

(division) of work during last two years per 1000 workers of age 15 years & above and their per 1000 distribution by industry of last work activity for each present usual principal status and broad industry division

A-605 – A-610

Table (75) Number of usual principal status workers who changed occupation

(division) of work during last two years per 1000 workers of age 15 years and above and their per 1000 distribution by occupation of last work activity for each broad present usual principal status and occupation division

A-611 – A-616

Table (76) Per 1000 distribution of usual principal status workers of age 15 years and above who changed industry or occupation of work during last 2 years by reason for such change for each broad general education level and age group

A-617 – A-622

Chapter One Introduction


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Chapter One

Introduction 1.0 The Report in Perspective 1.0.1 An all- India survey on the situation of employment and unemployment in India was carried out as a part of the 61st round of the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) during the period July 2004 - June 2005. In this survey, a nation-wide enquiry was conducted to provide estimates on various characteristics pertaining to employment and unemployment in India and some characteristics associated with them at the national and state levels. Information on various facets of employment and unemployment in India was collected through a schedule of enquiry (Schedule 10). Based on the data collected during the entire period of survey, estimates pertaining to employment-unemployment in India along with various characteristics associated with them have been presented in this report. 1.2 Background 1.2.1 One of the important surveys conducted regularly by the NSSO is the quinquennial survey on employment-unemployment. The first such survey was done during September 1972 - October 1973 corresponding to the 27th round of NSSO. The present survey is the seventh in the series. 1.2.2 Past Quinquennial Surveys: To assess the volume and structure of employment and unemployment, starting with the 9th round (May - September, 1955), NSSO conducted a number of surveys on employment and unemployment. To give a firm conceptual framework for conducting such surveys, the Planning Commission, in the year 1970, set up an “Expert Committee on Unemployment Estimates”, (popularly known as the Dantwala Committee), which reviewed these surveys and the indicators generated from such surveys. Based on concepts and definitions recommended by this committee, the first quinquennial survey on employment and unemployment was conduc ted in the 27th round of NSS (September 1972 – October 1973). After the 27th round, five comprehensive quinquennial surveys on employment and unemployment situation in India have been carried out by the NSSO prior to the present quinquennial survey. These were carried out during the 32nd round (July 1977 – June 1978), 38th round (January 1983 – December 1983), 43rd round (July 1987 – June 1988), 50th round (July 1993 – June 1994), and 55th round (July 1999 – June 2000), in which concepts, definitions and procedures were based primarily on the recommendations of the Dantwala Committee. The results of these surveys have been brought out in the form of NSS reports. 1.2.3 Other surveys on employment-unemployment : Apart from the quinquennial surveys on employment and unemployment, NSSO has been regularly collecting information on certain key items on employment and unemployment from a limited set of households in each round since its 45th round (July 1989 – June 1990), known as annual series, through the schedule on Household Consumer Expenditure (Schedule 1.0). In the annual series, only some key particulars on the usual and current weekly status of the individuals were collected, and the current weekly status of a person was determined through a direct query. In the 60th round (January – June 2004), there was a change in the procedure of collecting



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information on employment and unemployment. During the formulation of NSS 60th round survey, the Planning Commission pressed their need for collection of data on the current daily status of employment and unemployment annually as well. The collection of data in the current daily status necessitated the separation of two enquiries on Household Consumer Expenditure and Employment-Unemployment, and as a result, a separate schedule on employment and unemployment (Schedule 10) was canvassed in the 60th round, in which concepts, definitions and procedures were similar to the quinquennial rounds. The results of such surveys have been published in the form of NSS reports. 1.2.4 The present survey: The seventh quinquennial survey on employment and unemployment was conducted by NSSO in its 61st round (July 2004 – June 2005). In this survey, apart from the information usually collected in the quinquennial rounds, information on some new items has been collected. This has been done following the suggestions made by the Working Group set up to finalise the survey methodology and schedules of enquiry of the 61st round. Some of the more important among them, which have enlarged the scope of the survey are stated below: a) Certain information on informal employment 1 has been collected from all usual status workers with respect to their principal work activity and/or their subsidiary activity, engaged in non-agricultural sector as well as in the agricultural sector excluding only growing of crops, market gardening, horticulture and growing of crops combined with farming of animals. Indeed, according to NIC-98, information on informal employment has been collected from usual status workers engaged in industry groups 012, 014, 015 and divisions 10 to 99.

b) In the employment and unemployment surveys, data on wages have so far been collected for the employees according to the current daily status. In the 61st round survey, attempt has been made to assess the quality of self-employment in terms of the earnings through certain probing questions. From the self-employed persons according to the usual status, information on two items viz. ‘whether earning from self-employment was remunerative’ and ‘what amount per month was considered remunerative’ was collected in terms of codes.

c) Information on vocational training receiving/received by the persons of age 15 to 29 years has been collected. Further, among those who have received or are receiving ‘formal vocational training’, information on the ‘source from where degree/diploma/certificate received/ to be received’, ‘duration of training’ and ‘field of training’ has been collected. d) Information on ‘voluntary participation without remuneration in production of goods and services’ has been collected for those members of the household who were not workers, considering both principal and subsidiary status, as per existing production boundary followed by NSSO. e) Instead of collecting information on skill, information on ‘seeking or available or suitable for the type of occupation’ has been collected for the persons of age below 75 years who are not employed in the usual principal status.

1 Since the 55th round, data on type of enterprise, number of workers in enterprise, etc. are being collected for measuring employment in the informal sector. These are worker-reported or self-reported details collected from households that may differ from the employer-reported details of the same variables that are mandatory under several acts governing the enterprises especially in the formal sectors



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f) Information on ‘period of seeking/availability for work during the last 365 days’ has been collected for all the persons of age 5 years and above. In the earlier quinquennial rounds, this information was collected only for those who were unemployed in the usual principal status. It may be noted that in case more than one subsidiary economic activity was pursued during the reference period, the details of maximum two usual subsidiary economic activities were recorded in the 55th round survey depending upon the relatively longer time criteria. In this round, only one usual subsidiary economic activity pursued for relatively more time was recorded and a person was considered to have performed subsidiary economic activity if the activity was performed at least for 30 days in the reference year. 1.3 Scope 1.3.1 As in the past, in the present survey too, NSSO collected data on some characteristics, based on which, estimates of employment and unemployment, measured in terms of 3 basic approaches viz. usual status, current weekly status and current daily status can be obtained. The reference period for these approaches differs - it being 365 days preceding the date of survey for ‘usual status’, 7 days preceding the date of survey for ‘current weekly status’ and each day of the 7 days preceding the date of survey for ‘current daily status’. 1.3.2 Data were collected on the activity status of all persons, i.e. for workers, for those seeking or available for work and also for those remaining out of labour force. A worker could be self-employed or enjoy regular salary/wages or be employed on casual wage basis. Data on this aspect, along with the industry of work of the worker and his/her occupation, were collected during this survey. In order to reveal the multi-dimensional features of the employment-unemployment situation in India, information on several correlates pertaining to it were also gathered. In addition, probing questions were put to the workers in order to understand the extent of underutilization of the their labour time and to acquire more specific information in this regard. An effort was also made to collect information on the qualitative aspects of employment like changes in activity status, occupation /industry, availability of trade unions/associations, nature of employment (permanent/temporary), etc. Data were also collected from the usual status workers, engaged in industry groups 012, 014, 015 and divisions 10 to 99 of NIC-98 (see Annexure-I given after Chapter Eight but before Appendix A for brief description of industry groups and divisions), with respect to some particulars of the enterprise in which they were engaged viz. location of work place, type of enterprises, number of workers in the enterprise etc. and some particulars on the condition of employment like type of job contract, eligibility for paid leave, availability of social security benefits etc.. Data were also collected to get some idea about earning from self-employment. Information on vocational training receiving/received by the persons of age 15 to 29 years was also collected in the 61st round survey. 1.4 The survey outline 1.4.1 Geographical coverage: The survey covered the whole of the Indian Union except (i) Leh (Ladakh) and Kargil districts of Jammu & Kashmir, (ii) interior villages of Nagaland



4

situated beyond 5 kilometres of the bus route and (iii) villages in Andaman and Nicobar Islands which remained inaccessible throughout the year. 1.4.2 Sub-round: The fieldwork of the 61st round of NSSO started from 1st July, 2004 and continued till 30th June, 2005. As usual, the survey period of this round was divided into four sub-rounds, each with a duration of three months, the 1st sub-round period ranging from July to September 2004, the 2nd sub-round period from October to December 2004 and so on. An equal number of sample villages/blocks (FSUs) were allotted for survey in each of these four sub-rounds. The survey used the interview method of data collection from a sample of randomly selected households. 1.5 Sample design 1.5.1 In the 61st round survey, a stratified multi-stage sampling design was adopted for selection of the sample units for rural as well as urban areas. The first stage units (FSUs) were the census villages (panchayat wards for Kerala) for rural areas and the NSSO Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks for urban areas. The ultimate stage units (USUs) were the households for both rural and urban areas. Hamlet-groups/sub-blocks constituted the intermediate stage whenever these were formed in the sample FSUs. For rural areas, the list of 2001 census villages constitut ed the sampling frame for selection of sample FSUs for most of the states. For the rural areas of Kerala, however, the list of panchayat wards was used as the sampling frame for selection of panchayat wards. For the urban areas, the latest lists of UFS blocks constituted the sampling frame for selection of sample FSUs. Within each district of a State/UT, two separate basic strata were formed for rural areas and urban areas. All rural areas of the district comprised rural stratum and all the urban areas of the district comprised urban stratum. 1.5.2 At the all-India level, a total number of 12788 FSU’s (8128 villages and 4660 urban blocks) was allocated for the survey and this was allocated to the different States and UTs in proportion to population as per census 2001 which was then allocated between rural and urban sectors in proportion to population as per population census 2001 with 1.5 weightage to urban sector. Within each of the rural and urban sectors of a State/UT, the respective sample size was allocated to the different strata in proportion to the stratum population as per census 2001. 1.5.3 Within a district, if ‘r’ number of FSUs were allocated for a rural stratum, a total number of ‘r/2’ sub-strata were formed within that rural stratum. From each sub-stratum of the rural stratum of a district, two FSUs were selected with probability proportional to size with replacement (PPSWR), size being the population as per Population Census 2001. Within a district, if ‘u’ number of FSUs were allocated for a urban stratum, a total number of ‘u/2’ sub-strata were formed within that urban stratum. From each sub-stratum of the urban stratum of a district, two FSUs were selected with simple random sampling without replacement (SRSWOR). Within each sub-stratum, samples were drawn in the form of two independent sub-samples in both the rural and urban sectors. All households listed in the selected village/block/ hamlet-groups/sub-blocks were stratified into three second stage strata (SSS). A total of 10 households were selected from each sample village/block for canvassing the employment and un-employment schedule. The sample households from each of the second stage strata were selected by SRSWOR.



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1.5.4 Out of the total number of 12788 FSU’s (8128 villages and 4660 urban blocks) selected for survey for the central sample, 12601 FSU’s (7999 villages and 4602 urban blocks) could be surveyed at the all-India level for canvassing Schedule 10. The number of households surveyed was 1,24,680 (79,306 in rural areas and 45,374 in urban areas) and number of persons surveyed was 6,02,833 (3,98,025 in rural areas and 2,04,808 in urban areas). The sample design and estimation procedure used for the survey is given in Appendix B of the report. 1.6 Contents of the Report 1.6.1 This report contains eight chapters, including the present introductory chapter, and three appendices. Chapter Two describes the concepts and definitions of those terms used in the survey in connection with the various items covered in this report. The main findings relating to the estimates given in this report are presented and discussed in Chapters Three to Eight. To start with, Chapter Three is on household and population characteristics. Discussions on the labour force, the work force and the unemployed are presented in Chapters Four, Five and Six, respectively. The next chapter, viz. Chapter Seven, deals with underemployment while the last chapter discusses the feature of labour mobility. In Chapters Three to Eight, wherever state level tables have been presented, those have been placed at the end of the respective chapters. The detailed tables forming the basis of this report are presented in Appendix A. Appendix B gives a fairly detailed description of the sample design and estimation procedure used for the survey and Appendix C gives a facsimile of the schedule canvassed in the survey. 1.6.2 The detailed tables turned out to be very voluminous. Hence, this report is being brought out in two parts. 1.6.3 All the estimates presented in this report are based on Central sample data only. The cell- level figures in any of the detailed tables, when added up, may not exactly equal the figure shown against the ‘total’ column (or line) due to (i) rounding off and/or (ii) presence of non-response cases. 1.7 Plan for release of results 1.7.1 It has been planned to bring out a series of seven reports on the basis of the employment and unemployment survey results of NSS 61st round. The present report - first in the series - deals in some detail, with the employment-unemployment estimates measured in terms of the three basic approaches of usual status, current weekly status and current daily status and their patterns along with their correlates. It also covers some aspects of underemployment. The report gives the results generated at all- India level and some important results for different states/union territories. The other six reports to be released are: (i) Informal Employment in India: 2004 - 05, (ii) Employment and Unemployment situation in cities and towns in India: 2004 - 05, (iii) Participation of Women in the Specified Activities: 2004 - 05, (iv) Status of Education and Vocational Training in India: 2004 - 05, (v) Employment and Unemployment situation among Social Groups in India: 2004 - 05, and (vi) Employment and Unemployment situation among Major Religious groups in India: 2004 – 05.

Chapter Two Concepts and Definitions

NSS Report No. 515: Employment and Unemployment Situation in India, 2004 -05 6

Chapter Two

Concepts and Definitions 2.0 The concepts and definitions of some important terms used in the survey and relevant to this report are explained in the following paragraphs. 2.1 Household: A group of persons who normally lived together and took food from a common kitchen constituted a household. The adverb “normally” means that temporary visitors and guests (whose total period of stay in the household was expected to be less than 6 months) were excluded but temporary stay-aways (whose total period of absence from the household was expected to be less than 6 months) were included. Thus a child residing in a hostel for studies was excluded from the household of his/her parents, but a resident domestic servant or paying guest (but not just a tenant in the house) was included in the employer’s/host’s household. “Living together” was given more importance than “sharing food from a common kitchen” in drawing the boundaries of a household in case the two criteria were in conflict. However, in the special case of a person taking food with his family but sleeping elsewhere (say, in a shop or a different house) due to shortage of space, the household formed by such a person’s family members was taken to include the person also. Each inmate of a hotel, mess, boarding- lodging house, hostel, etc., was considered to be a single-member household except that a family living in a hotel (say) was considered one household only. The same principle was applicable for the residential staff of such establishments. The size of a household is the total number of persons in the household. 2.2 Land owned by the household as on date of survey: A piece of land was considered as 'owned by the household' if perma nent heritable possession with or without the right to transfer the title was vested in a member or members of the household. Land held in owner-like possession say, under perpetual lease, hereditary tenure, long-term lease for 30 years or more, etc., was also considered as land owned. 2.3 Land possessed by the household as on date of survey: The area of land possessed included land ‘owned’, ‘leased in’ and ‘land neither owned nor leased in’ (i.e. encroached) by the household but excluded land 'leased out'. For a piece of land under the possession of the household, if the household did not have the title of ownership and also did not have lease agreement for the use of land transacted, either verbally or in writing, such land was considered as ‘neither owned nor leased in’. In collecting information regarding land possessed, the actual position as obtained on the date of survey was considered. The ‘area of land possessed’ did not include the area of land owned, leased- in, etc. by the servants/paying guests who were considered as normal members of the household. 2.4 Land cultivated (including orchard and plantation) during July 2003-June 2004: Land cultivated (including orchard and plantation) during the agricultural year 2003-2004, i.e., July 2003 to June 2004 was recorded considering cultivation of land from the land 'owned', 'land leased- in' or from 'land neither owned nor leased- in'. Area with field crops and area under orchards and plantations was counted only once in the same year/ season. It may be noted that



information on land owned, possessed or cultivated as described above was collected in hectares upto 3 places of decimals. 2.5 General educational level: A person was considered as literate if he/she could both read and write a simple message with understanding in at least one language. For all the individuals who were found to be literate, the general level of education was collected in terms of highest level of education successfully completed. Highest level of education successfully completed by each member of the household was decided by considering his/ her all general/ technical/ vocational educational level and was recorded in terms of 12 categories viz. (i) not literate, (ii) literate without formal schooling: (a) Education Guarantee Scheme (EGS)/Non-formal Education Courses (NFEC)/ Adult Literacy Centres (AEC), (b) Total Literacy Campaign (TLC), (c) others; (iii) literate but below primary, (iv) middle, (v) secondary, (vi) higher secondary, (vii) diploma/certificate course, (viii) graduate, and (ix) postgraduate and above. The criterion for deciding primary, middle, secondary, etc. levels were the same that has been followed in the concerned states/union territories. The category ‘diploma or certificate course’ meant diploma or certificate courses in general education, technical education or vocational education, which is below graduation level. Diploma or certificate courses in general education, technical education or vocational education, which is equivalent to graduation level, was considered under the category ‘graduate’. Similarly, diploma or certificate courses in general education, technical education or vocational education, which is equivalent to post-graduation level and above were considered under the category ‘post-graduate and above’. 2.6 Technical educational level: The highest level of technical education successfully completed by each member of the household was recorded in terms of 12 categories viz. (i) no technical education, (ii) technical degree in agriculture / engineering / technology / medicine etc. (iii) diploma or certificate below graduate level in: (a) agriculture, (b) engineering/technology, (c) medicine, (d) crafts, (e) other subjects, and (iv) diploma or certificate equivalent to graduate and above level in: (a) agriculture, (b) engineering/technology, (c) medicine, (d) crafts, (e) other subjects. Technical diploma or certificate in ‘other subjects’ included diploma or certificate in management, applied arts, etc. 2.7 Status of current attendance in educational institution: Particulars of current attendance in educational institution were recoded for persons of age below 30 years. It was first ascertained whether the person was currently attending any educational institutions (government or private) or not. For persons who were not currently attending any educational institutions, reason for not attending viz. (i) school too far, (ii) to supplement household income, (iii) education not considered necessary, (iv) to attend domestic chores, and (v) others, was recorded. For those who were currently attending any educational institution, the course of study pursued by them was recorded in terms of 20 categories viz. (i) EGS/NFEC/AEC, (ii) TLC, (iii) pre-primary (nursery/Kinder garten, etc.), (iv) primary (class I to IV/V), (v) middle, (vi) secondary and higher secondary, (vii) graduate and above in: (a) agriculture, (b) engineering/technology, (c) medicine, (d) other subjects, (viii) diploma or certificate (below graduate level) in: (a) agriculture, (b) engineering/technology, (c) medicine, (d) crafts, (e) other subjects, (ix) diploma or certificate (graduate and above level) in: (a) agriculture, (b) engineering/technology, (c) medicine, (d) crafts, (e) other subject.



Persons who were registered for any regular correspondence courses or distanc e education courses for a stipulated period at the end of which, were allowed to appear in the examination for the course, was also considered as ‘currently attending’. Persons who were awaiting results were also considered as ‘currently attending’. 2.8 Type of institution: The type of institution referred to the type of management by which the institution was run. For those who were currently attending any educational institution, the type of institution was recorded in terms of 5 categories viz. (i) Government, (ii) Local body, (iii) Private aided, (iv) Private unaided, and (v) not known. All schools/ institutions run by the State, Central Government, Public Sector Undertakings or Autonomous Organisations, which are completely financed by the Government were treated as government institutions. Schools/ institutions where there was some intervention of government in the management and were mainly financed by the government, were also treated as government institutions. All institutions run by municipal corporations, municipal committees, notified area committees, zilla parishads, panchayat samitis, cantonment boards, etc. were treated as local body institutions. Institutions that were run by an individual or a private organisation and receive maintenance grant partly or fully from the Government or local body were considered as private aided institution. Institutions that were managed by an individual or a private organisation and not receiving maintenance grant either from a Government or a local body were considered as private unaided institution. 2.9 Vocational training: The main objective of vocational education and training is to prepare persons, especially the youth, for the world of work and make them employable for a broad range of occupations in various industries and other economic sectors. A vocational training was broadly defined as a training, which prepared an individual for a specific vocation or occupation. It aims at imparting training to persons in very specific fields through providing significant ‘hands on’ experience in acquiring necessary skill in the specific vocation or trade, which make them employable or create for them opportunities of self-employment. 2.9.1 Formal vocational training: The vocational training that took place in education and training institutions which followed a structured training programme and led to certificates, diplomas or degrees, recognised by State/Central Government, Public Sector and other reputed concerns was considered as formal vocational training. By structured training programme, it was meant that (i) the training programme had a definite title with prescribed syllabus and curriculum and a specified duration of the training, and (ii) the training had some entry level eligibility in terms of education and age.

2.9.2 Non-formal vocational training: The expertise in a vocation or trade is sometimes acquired by the succeeding generations from the other members of the households, generally the ancestors, through gradual exposures to such works. The expertise gained through significant ‘hands-on’ experience enables the individual to take up activities in self-employment capacity or makes him employable. Acquiring such marketable expertise by one, which enabled him/her to carry out the trade or occupatio n of their ancestors over generations, was considered as receiving ‘non-formal’ vocational training through ‘hereditary’ sources. ‘Non- formal’ vocational training received by a person to pursue a vocation different from the trade or occupation of their ancestors, was considered as ‘non- formal’ vocational training



through ‘other’ sources. The ‘other’ sources also included the cases where the expertise to carry out the trade or occupation of their ancestors was acquired from sources other than the household members. 2.10 Non-Profit institutions (NPI): NPIs are legal or social entities which are created for the purpose of producing goods and services that are usually distributed through non-market channels and the legal status of such entities did not permit them to be a source of income, profit or other financial gain for the units that established, controlled or financed them. In practice, their productive activities are bound to generate either surpluses or deficits but the institutional units which control or manage them are not entitled to a share in any profit/income.

2.11 Philanthropic institution: These are the non-profit institutions consisting of charities, relief or aid agencies that are created for philanthropic purposes. Such institutions generally provide goods or services to households/institutions in need, including households affected by natural disasters or war. The resources of such institutions are provided mainly by donations in cash or in kind from the general public, corporations or governments. 2.12 Public works: Public works was defined as those activities which were sponsored by Government or Local bodies and which covered local area development works like construction of roads, dams, bunds, digging of ponds etc. as relief measures, or as an outcome of the employment generation schemes under the poverty alleviation programmes. 2.13 Economic activity: The entire spectrum of human activity falls into two categories –economic activities and non-economic activities. Any activity resulting in production of goods and services that add value to national product was considered as an economic activity for the employment and unemployment survey of NSS 61st round. Such activities included produc tion of all goods and services for market (i.e. for pay or profit) including those of government services, and, the production of primary commodities for own consumption and own account production of fixed assets. 2.13.1 The full spectrum of economic activities as defined in the UN system of National Accounts (1993) was not covered in the definition adopted for the NSS 61st round survey of Employment and Unemployment. Production of any good for own consumption is considered as economic activity by UN System of National Accounts but production of only primary goods for own consumption was considered as economic activity by NSSO. While the former considers activities like own account processing of primary products as economic activities, in the NSS surveys, processing of primary products for own consumption was not considered as economic activity. 2.13.2 The term 'economic activity' as defined in the employment and unemployment survey of NSS 61st round, therefore, included:

(i) all the market activities performed for pay or profit which result in production of goods and services for exchange.

(ii) of the non-market activities,



(a) all the activities relating to the primary sector (i.e. industry Divisions 01 to 14 of NIC-98) which result in production (including free collection of uncultivated crops, forestry, firewood, hunting, fishing, mining, quarrying, etc.) of primary goods for own consumption

and

(b) the activities relating to the own-account production of fixed assets. Own account production of fixed assets includes construction of own houses, roads, wells, etc., and of machinery, tools, etc., for household enterprise and also construction of any private or community facilities free of charge. A person may be engaged in own account construction in the capacity of either a labourer or a supervisor.

As per the practice followed in earlier rounds, certain activities like prostitution, begging, etc., which though fetched earnings, were not considered as economic activities. Activity status of a person was judged irrespective of the situation whether such activity was carried out illegally in the form of smuggling or not. 2.14 Activity status: It is the activity situation in which a person was found during a reference period with regard to the person's participation in economic and no n-economic activities. According to this, a person could be in one or a combination of the following three broad activity statuses during a reference period:

(i) working or being engaged in economic activity (work) as defined above, (ii) being not engaged in economic activity (work) but either making tangible efforts to

seek 'work' or being available for 'work' if the 'work' is available and (iii) being not engaged in any economic activity (work) and also not available for 'work'.

Broad activity statuses mentioned in (i) and (ii) above are associated with 'being in labour force' and the last with 'not being in the labour force'. Within the labour force, broad activity status (i) and (ii) were associated with 'employment' and ‘unemployment’, respectively. 2.14.1 Identification of each individual into a unique activity status could pose a problem when more than one of the three broad activity statuses listed above were concurrently obtained for a person. In such an eventuality, the identification unique ly under any one of the three broad activity statuses was done by adopting either the major time or priority criterion (see para 2.22.3 below). The former was used for classification of persons according to the 'usual activity status' approach and the latter for classification of persons according to the ‘current activity status’ approach. Each of the three broad activity statuses was further sub-divided into several detailed activity categories. If a person categorised as engaged in economic activity by adopting one of the two criteria mentioned above was found to be pursuing more than one economic activity during the reference period, the appropriate detailed activity status code related to that activity in which relatively more time had been spent. A similar procedure was adopted for assigning detailed activity code for persons categorised as engaged in non-economic activity and pursuing more than one non-economic activity.



2.14.2 The detailed activity statuses under each of the three broad activity statuses (viz. employed, unemployed and not in labour force) and the corresponding codes used in the survey are given below: code description working (or employed) self-employed 11 worked (self-employed) in household enterprises as own-account worker 12 worked (self-employed) in household enterprises as an employer 21 worked (self-employed) in household enterprises as helper regular salaried/ wag employee 31 worked as regular salaried/wage employee casual labour 41 worked as casual wage labour in public works 51 worked as casual wage labour in other types of works 61 did not work owing to sickness though there was work in household enterprise 62 did not work owing to other reasons though there was work in household enterprise 71 did not work owing to sickness but had regular salaried/wage employment 72 did not work owing to other reasons but had regular salaried/wage employment not working but seeking/available for work (or unemployed) 81 sought work or did not seek but was available for work (for usual status approach) 81 sought work (for current weekly status approach) 82 did not seek but was available for work (for current weekly status approach) neither working nor available for work (or not in labour force) 91 attended educational institutions 92 attended to domestic duties only 93 attended to domestic duties and was also engaged in free collection of goods

(vegetables, roots, firewood, cattle feed, etc.), sewing, tailoring, weaving, etc. for household use

94 rentiers, pensioners, remittance recipients, etc. 95 not able to work owing to disability 97 others (including beggars, prostitutes, etc.) 98 did not work owing to sickness (for casual workers only) 99 children of age 0-4 years

It may be noted that codes 61, 62, 71, 72, 82 and 98 were applicable for current weekly status and current daily status approaches only.



2.15 Workers (or employed): Persons who were engaged in any economic activity or who, despite their attachment to economic activity, abstained from work for reason of illness, injury or other physical disability, bad weather, festivals, social or religious functions or other contingencies necessitating temporary absence from work, constituted workers. Unpaid helpers who assisted in the operation of an economic activity in the household farm or non-farm activities were also considered as workers. Relevant activity status codes within 11 to 72 were assigned for workers. Workers were further categorized as self-employed (relevant activity status codes: 11, 12, 21, 61, 62), regular salaried/wage employee (relevant activity status codes: 31, 71, 72), and casual wage labour (relevant activity status codes: 41 and 51). 2.16 Seeking or available for work (or unemployed): Persons, who owing to lack of work, had not worked but either sought work through employment exchanges, interme diaries, friends or relatives or by making applications to prospective employers or expressed their willingness or availability for work under the prevailing conditions of work and remuneration, were considered as those who were ‘seeking or available for work’ (or unemployed). Activity status codes 81 or 82 were assigned for unemployed.

2.17 Labour force: Persons who were either 'working' (or employed) or 'seeking or available for work' (or unemployed) constituted the labour force. Persons with activity status codes 11 – 82 constituted the labour force. 2.18 Not in labour force : Persons who were neither 'working' nor 'seeking or available for work' for various reasons during the reference period were considered as 'not in labour force'. Persons under this category are students, those engaged in domestic duties, rentiers, pensioners, recipients of remittances, those living on alms, infirm or disabled persons, too young persons, prostitutes, etc. and casual labourers not working due to sickness. Activity status codes 91-95, 97 and 98 were assigned for persons belonging to category 'not in labour force'. 2.19 Self-employed: Persons who operated their own farm or non-farm enterprises or were engaged independently in a profession or trade on own-account or with one or a few partners were deemed to be self-employed in household enterprises. The essential feature of the self-employed is that they have autonomy (i.e., how, where and when to produce) and economic independence (i.e., market, scale of operation and money) for carrying out their operation. The remuneration of the self- employed consists of a non-separable combination of two parts: a reward for their labour and profit of their enterprise. The combined remuneration is wholly determined by the sales of output produced by self-employed persons. 2.19.1 Categories of self-employed persons : Self-employed persons were categorised as follows: (i) own-account workers: those self-employed persons who operated their enterprises on

their own account or with one or a few partners and who, during the reference period, by and large, ran their enterprise without hiring any labour. They could, however, have had unpaid helpers to assist them in the activity of the enterprise;

(ii) employers: those self-employed persons who worked on their own account or with

one or a few partners and, who, by and large, ran their enterprise by hiring labour; and



(iii) helpers in household enterprise: those self-employed persons (mostly family

members) who were engaged in their household enterprises, working full or part time and did not receive any regular salary or wages in return for the work performed. They did not run the household enterprise on their own but assisted the related person living in the same household in running the household enterprise.

2.20 Regular salaried/wage employee: These were persons who worked in others’ farm or non- farm enterprises (both household and non-household) and, in return, received salary or wages on a regular basis (i.e. not on the basis of daily or periodic renewal of work contract). This category included not only persons getting time wage but also persons receiving piece wage or salary and paid apprentices, both full time and part-time. 2.21 Casual wage labour: A person who was casually engaged in others’ farm or non-farm enterprises (both household and non-household) and, in return, received wages according to the terms of the daily or periodic work contract, was a casual wage labour.

2.22 Different approaches followed to determine activity status: The persons surveyed were classified into various activity categories on the ba sis of the activities pursued by them during certain specified reference periods. There were three reference periods for this survey. These are: (i) one year (ii) one week and (iii) each day of the reference week. Based on these three periods, three different measures of activity status are arrived at. These are termed respectively as usual status, current weekly status and current daily status. The procedure adopted to arrive at these three measures is given below.

2.22.1 Usual principal activity status: The usual activity status relates to the activity status of a person during the reference period of 365 days preceding the date of survey. The activity status on which a person spent relatively longer time (i.e. major time criterion) during the 365 days preceding the date of survey is considered as the usual principal activity status of the person. To decide the usual principal activity of a person, first a two stage dichotomous classification was followed for determining the broad usual principal activity status of the person viz. (i) employed, (ii) unemployed, and (iii) not in labour force. Persons were first categorised as those in the labour force and those not in the labour force depending on the major time spent during the 365 days preceding the date of survey. Persons thus adjudged as not belonging to the labour force were assigned the broad activity status 'neither working nor available for work' (not in the labour force). For persons belonging to the labour force, the broad activity status of either 'working' (employed) or ‘not working but seeking and/or available for work’ (unemployed) was ascertained based on the same criterion viz. relatively longer time spent in accordance with either of the two broad statuses within the labour force during the 365 days preceding the date of survey. Within the broad activity status so determined, the detailed activity status of a person pursuing more than one such activity was determined once again on the basis of the relatively longer time spent on such activities. In terms of activity status codes (stated earlier in para 2.14.2), codes 11-51 were applicable for persons classified as workers and codes 91-97 for those who were not in the labour force. In the usual status approach, a single code 81 was assigned for persons seeking or available for work (unemployed persons) while two separate codes 81(sought work) and 82 (did not seek



but was available for work) were assigned for unemployed persons according to current weekly status and current daily status approach. 2.22.2 Usual subsidiary economic activity status: A person whose usual principal status was determined on the basis of the major time criterion could have pursued some economic activity for a shorter time throughout the reference year of 365 days preceding the date of survey or for a minor period, which is not less than 30 days, during the reference year. The status in which such economic activity was pursued was the subsidiary economic activity status of that person. Activity status codes 11-51 only were applicable for the subsidiary economic activity performed by a person. It may be noted that engagement in work in subsidiary capacity may arise out of the two following situations:

(i) a person may be engaged in a relatively longer period during the 365 days in economic (non-economic activity) and for a relatively minor period, which is not less than 30 days (not necessarily for a cont inuous period), in another economic activity (any economic activity). The economic activity, which was pursued for a relatively minor period, was considered as his/her subsidiary economic activity.

(ii) a person may be pursuing an economic activity (non-economic activity) almost throughout the year in the principal status and also simultaneously pursuing another economic activity (any economic activity) for a relatively shorter time in a subsidiary capacity. The economic activity, which was pursued for a relatively shorter time, was considered as his/her subsidiary economic activity.

2.22.3 Usual activity status considering principal and subsidiary status taken together: The usual status, determined on the basis of the usual principal activity and usual subsidiary economic activity of a person taken together, is considered as the usual activity status of the person and is written as usual status (ps+ss). According to the usual status (ps+ss), workers are those who perform some work activity either in the principal status or in the subsidiary status. Thus, a person who is not a worker in the usual principal status is considered as worker according to the usual status (ps+ss), if the person pursues some subsidiary economic activity for 30 days or more during 365 days preceding the date of survey. 2.22.4 Current weekly activity status: The current weekly activity status of a person is the activity status obtaining for a person during a reference period of 7 days preceding the date of survey. It is decided on the basis of a certain priority cum major time criterion. 2.22.4.1 According to the priority criterion, the status of ‘working’ gets priority over the status of ‘not working but seeking or available for work’ that, in turn, gets priority over the status of ‘neither working nor available for work’. A person was considered working (or employed) if he/she, while pursuing any economic activity, had worked for at least one hour on at least one day during the 7 days preceding the date of survey. A person was considered ‘seeking or available for work (or unemployed)’ if, during the reference week, no economic activity was pursued by the person but he/she made efforts to get work or had been available for work any time during the reference week though not active ly seeking work in the belief that no work was available. A person who had neither worked nor was available for work any



time during the reference week was considered as engaged in non-economic activities (or not in labour force). 2.22.4.2 After deciding the broad current weekly activity status of a person on the basis of 'priority' criterion, the detailed current activity status was then decided on the basis of 'major time' criterion if that person pursued multiple economic activities. The current weekly activity status of a person could be any one of the detailed activity status (ref. para 2.14.2) and could have any of the valid codes within 11 to 98. Of these codes, 11 to 72 pertained to workers, 81 to 82 for unemployed and 91 to 98 for persons not in the labour force. 2.22.5 Current daily activity status The activity pattern of the population, particularly in the informal sector, is such that during a week, and sometimes, even during a day, a person could pursue more than one activity. Moreover, many people could even undertake both economic and non-economic activities on the same day of a reference week. The current daily activity status for a person was determined on the basis of his/her activity status on each day of the reference week using a priority-cum-major time criterion (day to day labour time disposition). Time disposition was recorded for every member of the sample households. This involved recording of different activities pursued by the members along with the time intensity in quantitative terms for each day of the reference week. The different activities were identified and recorded in terms of 'activity status' and 'industry' codes for persons in urban areas and 'activity status', 'industry' and 'operation' codes for persons in rural areas. The description (and codes used) of current daily activity statuses is the same as those of current weekly activity status. The terms ‘industry’ and ‘operation’ are explained later. The following points were considered for assigning the time intensity and determining the current daily status of a person:

i) Each day of the reference week was looked upon as comprising either two ‘half days’ or a ‘full day’ for assigning the activity status. For recording time disposition for activities pursued by a person in a day, an intensity of 1.0 was given against an activity that was done for ‘full day’ and an intensity of 0.5 against the activity which was done for ‘half day’.

ii) A person was considered ‘working’ (employed) for the full day if he/she had worked for

4 hours or more during the day.

iii) If a person was engaged in more than one of the economic activities for 4 hours or more on a day, he/she was assigned two out of the various economic activities on which he/she devoted relatively longer time on the reference day. In such cases, an intensity of 0.5 was given for each of these two economic activities.

iv) If the person had worked for 1 hour or more but less than 4 hours, he/she was

considered ‘working’ (employed) for half-day and ‘seeking or available for work’ (unemployed) or ‘neither seeking nor available for work’ (not in labour force) for the other half of the day depending on whether he was seeking/available for work or not.



v) If a person was not engaged in any ‘work’ even for 1 hour on a day but was seeking/available for work for 4 hours or more, he was considered ‘unemployed’ for the entire day. But if he was ‘seeking/available for work’ for more than 1 hour and less than 4 hours only, he was considered ‘unemployed’ for half day and ‘not in labour force’ for the other half of the day.

vi) A person who neither had any ‘work’ to do nor was available for ‘work’ even for half a

day was considered ‘not in labour force’ for the entire day and was assigned one or two of the detailed non-economic activity statuses depending upon the activities pursued during the reference day.

2.22.6 In the quinquennial surveys, the current weekly status of a person is derived from the intensities assigned for the daily activities performed by a person during the 7 days of the reference week. 2.23 Industry and occupation of the work activity: For the employed persons, to record the industry of work, 5-digit classification of NIC-1998 was used and to record the type of occupation, 3-digit classification of NCO-1968 was used. In case two or more industry-occupation combinations corresponding to the status code were reported by a person, the industry-occupation was taken as the one in which relatively more time was spent during the reference period by the person. To identify certain category of workers under Division 95 (Private households with employed persons) of NIC 1998, six additional codes were used in the survey viz., housemaid /servant (95001), cook (95002), gardener (95003), gatekeeper/chowkidar/watchman (95004), governess/baby-sitter (95005) and ‘others’ (95009). This apart, separate industry codes were used for recording the activities of letting of building for residential purposes (70104) and letting of building for non-residential purposes (70105). 2.24 Operation: This was the type of work performed by a person during a reference period. It could be manual or non-manual and could pertain to activities in agricultural or non-agricultural sector. Operation was combined with activity status and industry corresponding to the work performed. Information regarding the type of operation was collected only for rural areas and related to current status only. The different types of operations came under four categories. Ploughing, sowing, transplanting, weeding, harvesting and other cultivation activities fell under the category manual work in cultivation. Against the category manual work in other agricultural activities were the following types: forestry, plantation, animal husbandry, fisheries and other agricultural activities. Manual work in non-agricultural activities constituted the third category. The last category viz. non-manual work comprised two broad types – (i) in ‘cultivation’ and (ii) in ‘other than cultivation’. It may be noted that for ‘regular salaried/wage employees’ on leave or on holiday, the ‘operation’ related to their respective function in the work or job from which he/she was temporarily off. Similarly, for persons categorised as ‘self-employed’ but not working on a particular day in spite of having work on that day, the operation related to the work that he/she would have done if he/she had not enjoyed leisure on that day.



2.25 Cultivation: All activities relating to production of crops and related ancillary activities were considered as cultivation. Growing of trees, plants or crops as plantation or orchards (such as rubber, cashew, coconut, pepper, coffee, tea etc.) were not considered as cultivation activities for the purpose of this survey. In general, the activities covered under NIC 1998 sub-classes 01111, 01112, 01113, 01115, 01119, 01121, 01122 and 01135 (excepting plantation of pepper and cardamom) were considered as cultivation. 2.26 Manual work: A job essentially involving physical labour was considered as manual work. However, jobs essentially involving physical labour but also requiring a certain level of general, professional, scientific or technical education were not termed as 'manual work'. On the other hand, jobs not involving much of physical labour and at the same time not requiring much educational (general, scientific, technical or otherwise) background were treated as 'manual work'. Thus, engineers, doctors, dentists, midwives, etc., were not considered manual workers even though their jobs involved some amount of physical labour. But, peons, chowkidars, watchman, etc. were considered manual workers even though their work might not involve much physical labour. Manual work was defined as work pursued in one or more of the following occupational groups of the National Classification of Occupations (NCO 1968): Division 5 (Service workers):

Group 52: cooks, waiters, bartenders and related workers (domestic and institutional). Group 53: maid and other housekeeping service workers (not elsewhere classified). Group 54: building caretakers, sweepers, cleaners and related workers. Group 55: Launders, dry cleaners and pressers. Group 56: hair dressers, barbers, beauticians and related workers. Family 570: fire fighters Family 574: watchmen, gate-keepers Family 579: protective service workers not elsewhere classified.

Division 6 (Farmers, Fishermen, Hunters, Loggers and related workers):

Group 63: agricultural labourers Group 64: plantation labourers and related workers Group 65: other farm workers Group 66: forestry workers



Group 67: hunters and related workers Group 68: fishermen and related workers.

Division 7-8-9 (Production and related workers, transport equipment operators and labourers):

All groups excluding group 85 (electrical fitters and related workers) and group 86 (broadcasting station and sound equipment operators and cinema projectionists).

2.27 Rural labour: Manual labour working in agricultural and /or non-agricultural occupations in return for wages paid either in cash or in kind (excluding exchange labour) and living in rural areas, was taken as rural labour. 2.28 Agricultural labour: A person was considered as engaged as agricultural labour, if he/she followed one or more of the following agricultural occupations in the capacity of a wage paid manual labour, whether paid in cash or kind or both:

(i) farming, (ii) dairy farming, (iii) production of any horticultural commodity, (iv) raising of livestock, bees or poultry, (v) any practice performed on a farm as incidental to or in conjunction with farm operations (including forestry and timbering) and the preparation for market and delivery to storage or to market or to carriage for transportation to market of farm produce.

Working in fisheries was excluded from agricultural labour. Further, 'carriage for transportation' referred only to the first stage of the transport from farm to the first place of disposal. 2.29 Wage paid-manual labour: A person who did manual work in return for wages in cash or kind or partly in cash and partly in kind (excluding exchange labour) was considered as a wage paid manual labour. Salaries were also counted as wages. A person who was self-employed in manual work was not treated as a wage paid manual labour. 2.30 Nominal work: When a person worked fo r a total duration of 1 to 2 hours in a day, it was considered as a day with nominal work for the person. In the day-to-day labour time disposition of the reference week, such a day’s work was considered as 'half-days' work. Therefore, for a person, number of days with nominal work is a sub-set of the number of days worked with 0.5 intensity. 2.31 Wage and salary earnings: Information on wage and salary earnings was collected separately for each of the wage/salaried work recorded for a person in a day. Here, earnings refer to the wage/salary income (and not total earnings taking into consideration of all other activities done) received/receivable for the wage/salaried work done during the reference



week by a wage/salaried employee and casual labourer. The wage/ salary received or receivable may be in cash or kind or partly in cash and partly in kind. While recording the earnings following conventions were followed.

i) The wages in kind were evaluated at the current retail price. ii) Bonus and perquisites such as free accommodation, reimbursement of expenditure

for medical treatment, free telephones, etc. evaluated at the cost of the employer or at retail prices and duly apportioned for the reference week were also included in earnings.

iii) Amount r eceivable as 'over-time' for the additional work done beyond normal working time was excluded.

It may be noted that in the survey, at most two activities could be recorded for a person in a day. Therefore, it is possible that a person might have carried out two or more wage/salaried activities in a day, but only one activity or two activities at the most, depending upon the time spent on those activities, was recorded. In that case, the wage/salary income only from that activity(s) was collected and recorded separately, and not the total income of the person from all the activities done for the entire day. 2.32 Earning from self-employment: To have some idea about earnings from self-employment, perception of the self-employed persons (self-employed either in the usual principal status or usual subsidiary status) regarding their current earnings from self-employment was recorded. Earning of the self- employed person was judged considering all his/ her farm and non-farm businesses together in which he/ she was engaged in self-employment capacity during the last 365 days either in principal status or subsidiary status or in both the statuses. Information was collected on whether their current earnings from self-employment were regarded as remunerative or not. The current earnings from self-employment was regarded as remunerative if total earnings from self-employment was able to meet the desired level of income of the individual under the existing situation in respect of type of activity, scale of operation of the business(s), market condition, location of the business, etc. If the actual earnings from the self-employment activities fell short of the desired level, the employment was not regarded as remunerative. From all the self-employed members of the household, desired level of earnings in a month from all self-employment activities was also recorded in terms codes. 2.33 Present spell of unemployment: The present spell of unemployment meant the continuous period for which a person remained unemployed starting from the day the person became unemployed to the survey date. For the new entrants into the labour force, the present spell meant the entire length of unemployment till the date of survey, starting from the day such person joined in the labour force. For those who had any previous employment, the present spell meant the period starting from the day they were seeking or available for work after loosing their last employment to the survey date.



2.34 Approximate number of months without work: The months without work were not necessarily continuous. The ‘approximate number of months without work’ included those months in which a person was either unemployed or was not in the labour force. For deciding the number of months without work, each of the 12 months was considered separately and if, in a month the period without work was reported to be 15 days or more, it was considered as a month without work. 2.35 Existence of union/association in the activity: Union/association was meant to any registered/recognised body whose membership is open to a section of those engaged in a specific activity or trade and whose main objective is to look into the interests of its members. Thus, besides the usual trade unions, union/association covered the association of owners, self-employed persons, etc. 2.36. Informal Employment: According to the 17th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS) framework, informal employment is identified by jobs classified by status of employment of various categories of workers engaged in different types of production units consisting of (a) formal sector enterprises, (b) informal sector enterprises, and (c) households which produce goods for their own final use and/or those employing domestic workers. The status of employment of the workers performing the jobs may be (a) own account workers, (b) employers, (c) contributing family workers, (d) employees, or (e) member of informal producers’ co-operatives. The employment in the above categories may be formal or informal depending upon the type of enterprises in which the workers are engaged or the nature of work they perform.

Accordingly, the informal employment comprises jobs held by:

• own-account workers and employers who have their own informal sector enterprises;

• contributing family workers, irrespective of whether they work in formal or informal sector enterprises;

• employees who have informal jobs, whether employed by formal sector enterprises, informal sector enterprises, or as paid domestic workers by households;

• members of informal producers’ cooperatives; and

• persons engaged in the own-account production of goods exclusively for own final use by their household, such as subsistence farming or do- it-yourself construction of own dwellings.

In the 61st round survey, certain information for usual status workers engaged in industry groups 012, 014, 015 and divisions 02 to 99, has been collected to identify informal employment. The relevant information which are useful in this respect are status in employment, type of enterprise, type of job contract, availability of social security benefits, nature of job, existence of union/ association, etc.



2.37 Procedure for determining household type: On the basis of the sources of the household's income during the last 365 days preceding the date of survey, the household types were assigned. For this purpose, only the household's income from economic activities was considered. The income of servants and paying guests was not taken as the income of the household. For the rural areas, household types were as follows: self-employed in non-agriculture; agricultural labour; other labour; self-employed in agriculture; others. For urban areas, the household types were as follows: self-employed; regular wage/salary earning; casual labour ; others. 2.38 Procedure for determining household industry and occupation: To determine the household principal industry and occupation, the general procedure followed was to list all the occupations pertaining to economic activities pursued by the members of the household excluding those employed by the household and paying guests (who in view of their staying and taking food in the household were considered as its normal members) during the one year period preceding the date of survey, no matter whether such occupations were pursued by the members in their principal or subsidiary (on the basis of earnings) capacity. Out of the occupations listed that one that fetched the maximum earnings to the household during the last 365 days preceding the date of survey was considered as the principal household occupation. If one or more members of the household pursued the household occupation in different industries, the particular industry out of all the different industries corresponding to the principal occupation, which fetched the maximum earnings, was considered as the principal industry of the household. 2.39 Procedure for collecting monthly per capita consumer expenditure (MPCE): For collection of data on total expenditure of the household from employment and unemployment schedule (Schedule 10), a worksheet was used in the Schedule 10 of the 61st round. The approximate value of consumer expenditure obtained through the worksheet has been used for studying employment and unemployment characteristics by different levels of living of the household members. The worksheet contained 36 different components of household consumer expenditure. Depending upon the type of item, either of the two reference periods viz,. 30 days and 365 days, was used to record consumption of different groups of items. The items of consumption were classified into four groups and three different approaches viz (a) consumption approach, (b) expenditure approach and (c) first-use approach, were followed for defining consumption of items. The different groups were (i) food (other than ‘cooked meals’), pan, tobacco & intoxicants and fuel & light, (ii) cooked meals, miscellaneous goods and services including education, medical, rent, taxes and cess, (iii) clothing and footwear and (iv) durable goods. The procedure followed for defining consumption of the four groups were (i) consumption approach, (ii) expenditure approach, (iii) first-use approach and (iv) expenditure approach, respectively. The definition of household consumer expenditure and the procedure for evaluating that was the same for both Schedule 10 and Schedule 1.0.



2.40 Procedure followed for collecting employment and unemployment particulars in different NSS rounds: In the annual rounds, only activity status and industry of work according to usual principal status, subsidiary status and current weekly status approach are collected through a few columns of the demographic block of the Consumer Expenditure Schedule (Schedule 1.0). Particulars of employment and unemployment according to the usual principal status and usual subsidiary status were collected in the annual rounds by following a similar approach as in the quinquennial rounds. In the quinquennial rounds, particulars of current daily status of the household members are collected and current weekly status is derived from them, whereas in the annual rounds, current weekly status has been obtained through a direct query. In the 60th round, a separate schedule on employment and unemployment was canvassed for the first time in an annual round and particulars on employment and unemployment was colleted in the same manner as that of the quinquennial rounds.

Summary of Findings Chapter Three Households and Population

NSS Report No. 515: Employment and Unemployment Situation in India, 2004-05 23

Chapter Three

Households and Population

3.0. Introduction 3.0.1 General: As stated earlier in Chapter One, the NSS 61st round survey was conducted during July 2004-June 2005. To study the employment-unemployment situation of a country, it is necessary to look into the socio-economic structure of the households and the demographic pattern of the population of the country during that time. As such, certain information on socio-economic condition of sample households and demographic data pertaining to the surveyed individuals were also collected in this survey. In this chapter, the main findings relating to these aspects have been presented. The estimates are given for India and its constituent states and union territories with an effort to present a more detailed picture at the all-India level. Discussions are mainly centered on the all-India estimates. A comparison with earlier survey results is also done in some cases, at the all-India level. 3.0.2 Use of estimated aggregates: Compared to the census population or the projections thereof, population estimates from the NSSO surveys are, in general, on the lower side. This difference arises mainly due to the differences in coverage and methods adopted in NSS in comparison with the census operation. However, the ratios obtained from the survey are expected to be robust. This is why the estimates on employment- unemployment are presented as ratios. To estimate an absolute number in any category, it is advisable to apply the survey estimates of ratios to the census population or projections thereof, for that category. The estimates of aggregates given in the detailed tables in the Appendix A may help to combine the ratios but may not be used for deriving estimates of absolute numbers for a characteristic. It may also be noted that as the tables are generally presented as per thousand distributions, the figures are rounded off. Thus, while using the ratios from the survey results, it is to be noted that the accuracy of these derived aggregates will be limited to the number of significant digits available in the ratio or percentage estimates presented in the report. The estimated aggregates, wherever possible, can be used to get ratios with more significant digits. 3.0.3 Reference period of the estimates: The estimates presented in the report, in general, refer to the mid point of the survey period (July 2004 – June 2005) of NSS 61st round i.e. 01.01.05. The estimates for ‘land cultivated’ have the reference period of the agricultural year 2003-04 i.e. July 2003 –June 2004. It may be noted that the estimates of aggregates given in the detailed tables help only to combine ratios. To arrive at the absolute number in any category, the survey estimates of ratios are to be applied to the projected populations as on 01.01.2005, the mid-point of the 61st round survey period (July 2004 to June 2005). 3.0.4 Major states: The discussions in the summary findings have mostly been restricted to estimates of the major states though the all-India estimates are based on the data of all the states and union territories. In the state/u.t. tables, placed at the end of the chapters, estimates for all the states and union territories have been presented. It may be noted that the estimates given for smaller states and union territories may not be reliable due to small sample size. The major states are those with



population one crore1 or more as per population census 2001 in respect of rural or urban sector separately. As per this criteria, there are 20 major states in the rural areas and 21 major states in the urban areas. The major states are: Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, West Bengal and urban Delhi. 3.1 Estimates of Household and Population 3.1.1 Statement 3.1 gives the estimates of number of households and number of persons along with average household size and sex ratio (number of females per 1000 males) as obtained from NSS 61st round. As per the survey estimates, about 972 million people stayed in 207 million households in India. A little over 73 per cent of the households belonged to rural India and accounted for nearly 75 per cent of total population. 3.1.2 Statement 3.2 gives the household size and sex ratio over the years from 1977-78 up to

2004-05. It is seen from statement 3.1 that, during 2004-05, the sex ratio in India was 951. The average household size for the rural was 4.8, which was a little higher than the urban average of 4.3. For every 1000 males, the number of females was more in

the rural (962) as compared to the urban areas (920).

1 10 million = 1 crore

Statement 3.1: Estimated number of households, number of persons, average household size and sex ratio during 2004-05

all-India estimates rural urban rural+urban (1) (2) (3) (4) number of households (00) 1501676 569821 2071496 number of persons (00) 7243460 2475514 9718974 average household size (0.0) 4.8 4.3 4.7 sex ratio (females per 1000 males) 962 920 951



3.1.3 Change over the years: It is seen from the statement that the sex-ratio increased in 2004-05 over the periods 1993-94 and 1999-2000 – more so in the rural areas than in the urban areas. This is a reversal of the trend seen between 1983 and 1993-94 in the rural areas, during which period, the ratio declined gradually. As regards the household size, the estimate was marginally lower than that in 1999-2000, both in the rural and urban areas.

Statement 3.2: Average household size (0.0) and sex ratio over the different NSS surveys

all-India NSS rounds rural urban (survey periods) household sex- ratio household sex- ratio size size (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 61st (July 2004- June 05) 4.8 962 4.3 920 55th (July 1999- June 00) 5.0 959 4.5 915 50th (July 1993- June 94) 4.9 944 4.4 905 43rd (July 1987- June 1988) 5.1 948 4.7 912 38th (January – December 1983) 5.1 963 4.7 905 32nd (July 1977- June 1978) 5.2 959 4.9 904



Statement 3.3: Number of female headed households, household size and sex-ratio for the female headed households during 1993-94, 1999-00 and 2004-05 all-India characteristics of the rural urban female headed hhs 1993-94 1999-00 2004-05 1993-94 1999-00 2004-05 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) no. of female headed hhs per 1000 hhs

97 104 113 106 94 111

household size (0.0) 3.2 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.5 sex- ratio 1861 1820 1771 1706 1721 1599 3.1.4 Information on sex of the head of household was collected in the survey. Number of female-headed households per 1000 households along with the sex-ratio and household size obtained for such female-headed households during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-05 are shown in Statement 3.3 for all-India. It is observed that during 2004-05, about 11 per cent of households of rural as well as urban India were headed by females. Compared to all households, they had, on an average, a relatively smaller household size and a much higher sex-ratio. As in the case for all households, for female-headed households too, the household size seems to have slightly decreased in between 1999-2000 and 2004-05 in the rural areas, although it showed slight increase between 1999-2000 and 2004-05 in both the rural and urban areas. 3.1.5 State-level results: The corresponding estimates as obtained for each state and union territory in the present survey are presented in Statement 3.3.1. Among the major states, the proportion of female-headed households was highest in Kerala in both the rural areas (23 per cent) and urban areas (25 per cent). The all-India feature of smaller household size (rural: 3.4, urban: 3.5) and higher sex-ratio in female-headed households (rural: 1771, urban: 1599) as compared to all households is noticeable in the major states. 3.2 Household Type 3.2.1 The nature and type of work from which a household derives its major income is an important indicator of the activity pattern of its members. In the survey, every sample household was, therefore, categorised into household types, depending on the economic activity of the members of the household during the 365 days preceding the date of survey from which major income of the household was generated. The distribution of households and the corresponding population by household type for all-India is given in Statement 3.4.



Statement 3.4: Per 1000 distribution of households and population by household type during 1993-94, 1999-00, 2004-05 all-India household households population type 1993 - 94 1999-00 2004-05 1993 - 94 1999-00 2004-05 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) rural self-employed in: agriculture 378 327 359 424 371 398 non-agriculture 127 134 158 131 139 167 self-employed 505 461 517 554 509 565 agricultural labour 303 322 258 275 301 241 other labour 80 80 109 75 76 106 rural labour 383 402 367 350 376 346 others 112 137 116 95 114 88 all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 urban self-employed 337 344 375 388 393 433 regular wage/salaried 434 417 413 428 402 396 casual labour 132 140 118 129 141 118 others 97 97 94 55 63 52 all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3.2.2 Statement 3.4 reveals that during 2004-05, members of about 52 per cent of the rural households took recourse to self-employment. They constituted nearly 57 per cent of the rural population. Another 35 per cent of the rural population belonged to rural labour households. Such households constituted 37 per cent of all rural households. Among urban households, regular employment was the mainstay of 41 per cent of households with an almost equal share (40 per cent) of urban population. Nearly 38 per cent of the urban households had income mainly from self-employment. While, in rural areas, the proportion of households depending on self-employment had declined by 4 percentage points between 1993-94 and 1999-2000, there has been an increase in the proportion by 6 percentage points between 1999-2000 and 2004-05. The said proportion, in urban areas, although remained at almost the same level between 1993-94 and 1999-2000, increased by 3 percentage points between 1999-2000 and 2004-05. On the other hand, the proportion of households depending mainly on casual employment declined by 2 percentage points between 1999-2000 and 2004-05, while the proportion of households depending mainly on regular wage/salaried employment remained almost at the same level during that period.

3.2.3 State-wise distribution: The distributions of households and persons by household type for different states and union territories are given in Statements 3.4.1 and 3.4.2 respectively, for both the rural and urban areas.

3.2.4 Rural areas: In the rural areas, self-employment was the major activity of the households in many of the major states. Among the major states, the proportion of self-employed households was highest in Uttaranchal, Jammu & Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh (68 per cent each) followed by



Rajasthan (66 per cent), Assam (66 per cent), Himachal Pradesh (57 per cent) and Madhya Pradesh (56 per cent). 3.2.5 Urban areas: On the other hand, regular employment was the main activity of urban households in most of the major states. About 48 per cent of the urban households in Maharashtra were found to depend on regular employment. In this respect, the other states close to the rank of Maharashtra were Haryana (47 per cent), Chhattisgarh (46 per cent), Gujarat (45 per cent), Punjab (44 per cent) and Assam (44 per cent). In the urban areas, among the major states, the percentage of self-employed households was higher in Uttar Pradesh (49), Jammu & Kashmir (49), Bihar (47) than that in other major states, and the percentage of casual labour households was much higher in Kerala (25) and Himachal Pradesh (24) than that in other major states. 3.3 Monthly Per Capita Expenditure (MPCE) 3.3.1 Household income, or for that matter ‘level of living’, is highly related to employment characteristics and underlying earnings of the household members. Thus, the distribution of households and population by income level is an useful background information for a correlative study on ‘employment’ or ‘unemployment’. As it is difficult to collect reliable income data, the NSSO, collects data on consumption expenditure in its surveys. In the present survey on employment-unemployment, data on consumption expenditure was collected through a separate work-sheet which was integrated with the employment-unemployment schedule (see Appendix C). The work-sheet is an abridged version of the detailed schedule used for consumption items in the parallel full-fledged consumer expenditure survey. The abridged work-sheet that was used to reduce the respondent fatigue is known to understate the level of consumer expenditure in comparison with the detailed schedule. Based on the abridged work-sheet, monthly per capita consumer expenditure was worked out for each sample household, which is expected to serve as a close proxy for income. The distributions of households and the corresponding population by MPCE class for all-India are presented in Statement 3.5. The corresponding distributions for states and union territories are presented in Statement 3.5.1 (for households) and in Statement 3.5.2 (for persons).

Statement 3.5: Per 1000 distribution of households and population by MPCE ( Rs.) class during 2004-05 all-India

rural urban MPCE class households population MPCE class households population

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) less than 235 29 34 less than 335 33 44

235 - 270 30 38 335 – 395 32 45 270 - 320 71 88 395 - 485 73 95 320 – 365 90 105 485 - 580 93 114 365 – 410 94 106 580 - 675 97 111 410 – 455 92 100 675 - 790 93 100 455 – 510 106 108 790 - 930 99 101 510 - 580 117 113 930 - 1100 97 91 580 – 690 127 116 1100 – 1380 113 97 690 – 890 119 101 1380 – 1880 121 97 890 -1155 65 52 1880 - 2540 75 56

1155 & above 60 40 2540 & above 74 49 all classes 1000 1000 all classes 1000 1000



3.3.1.1 The class limits for the MPCE classes given in the statements and appendix tables of this report are based on the data collected in detailed Schedule 1.0 (Household Consumer Expenditure) in this round. The class limits of MPCE classes were determined, separately for the rural and urban sectors of all-India, in such a manner that each of the first two and last two classes contained 5% of the population and each of the remaining classes contained 10%. 3.3.2 In urban India, about 42 per cent of the households – which accounted for nearly 51 per cent of the population – spent less than Rs. 790/- per month per person. On the other hand, in rural India, about 41 per cent of the households – which accounted for 47 per cent of the population – could spend up to of Rs. 455/-. The proportion of households spending Rs.890/- or more per capita was as low as 13 per cent in rural India, whereas in urban India, about 48 per cent of households was spending Rs. 930/- or more per month per person. 3.4 Households and Particulars of Land 3.4.1 In rural India, a majority of the households depend mainly on agricultural activities and thus land is the main source of employment for their members. Hence, it is important to study certain aspects of land viz. the particulars of its ownership, possession and cultivation by the rural households. These aspects are discussed one by one in the following paragraphs.

Statement 3.6: Per thousand distribution of rural households by size class of land owned for each household type

all-India rural size class of household type land owned self employed rural labour others all (hectares) agri- non- all agricul- other all

culture agricultural labour ture labour

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 0.000 9 67 27 59 119 77 205 66

(66) 0.001 – 0.004 9 123 43 173 145 165 113 96 0.005 – 0.40 179 603 308 592 587 591 450 428 0.41 – 1.00 299 129 247 125 106 120 122 186 0.001 – 1.00 487 855 598 890 838 876 685 710

(730) 1.01 – 2.00 248 47 186 39 28 36 61 117

(108) 2.01 – 4.00 170 22 125 8 11 9 34 72

(60) 4.01 & above 86 9 63 2 5 3 16 35

(36) all classes 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Note: 1. The households with size class of land owned ‘0.000’ hectares comprise households owned land less than 0.001 hectares as well as households which reported no information on land owned. 2. Figures in parentheses give the distribution of households obtained from the Land Holding Survey (Sch. 18.1) of



NSS 59th round. 3. The classes for which the tables are generated based on Schedule 18.1, NSS 59th round, are different from those for which the tables are generated for Schedule 10, NSS 61st round. Hence, for some of the size classes of land owned in this Statement, the figures from Schedule 18.1 are blank.

3.4.2 Ownership of land: So far as the ownership of land is concerned, information on size of land owned as on the date of survey was collected in the survey. In Statement 3.6, the distribution of rural households by size class of land owned is shown for each household type at the national level. The corresponding distribution obtained from the land holding survey of NSS 59th round is also presented (in parentheses) in the statement. In Figure 1, cumulative distribution of the households, viz. self- employed (SE), rural labour (RL) and all households (All) is presented.

3.4.2.1 The distribution of land among the rural households is found to be highly skewed and the nature of skewness depends largely on the household type. During 2004-05, nearly 71 per cent of the households owned land of size 0.001 hectares to 1.00 hectares. The situation was the worst for other labour households - about 84 per cent of them owning land from 0.001 hectares to 1.00 hectares. On the other hand, 50 per cent of households depending on self-employment in agriculture owned land more than 1.00 hectares.

Fig. 1: Cummulative distribution of rural households by size class of land owned

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0.000 0.001-0.004 0.005-0.40 0.41-1.00 1.01-2.00 2.01-4.00 4.01 & aboveLand owned (in hactare)

Per 1

000

of h

ouse

hold

s

SE

RL

All

3.4.2.2 State level distribution: The distribution of rural households by size classes of land owned for each state and union territory is given in Statements 3.6.1. The statement shows that among the major states, the proportion of rural households owning land from 0.001 hectares to 1.00 hectares was as high as 86 per cent in Kerala, 84 per cent each in West Bengal and Bihar, 83 per cent in Jammu & Kashmir and 79 per cent each in Uttaranchal and Tamil Nadu. However, in some major states, proportion of households owning land with size exceeding 1.00 hectare was quite substantial – it was 45 per cent in Rajasthan and 43 per cent in Madhya Pradesh as against about 22 per cent at the all-India level.



3.4.3 Land possessed: Statement 3.6.2, placed at the end of this chapter, gives the average area of land possessed per household and the distribution of the households by size class of land possessed. As seen from the statement, in 2004-05, the average area of land possessed as on the date of survey by a rural household was 0.77 hectare. The corresponding average for a female-headed household was 0.37 hectares. As high as 75 per cent of the households possessed 0.001 hectares to 1.00 hectares of land. In rural Kerala, only 6 per cent of the households were found to possess 1 hectare or more of land and the average land possessed was as low as 0.25 hectare - the lowest among the major states. Among the major states, the states that succeeded Kerala in respect of average land possessed were West Bengal (0.31 hectare), Tamil Nadu (0.34 hectare), Uttaranchal (0.47 hectare), Bihar (0.52 hectare) , Orissa (0.58 hectare) and Assam (0.92 hectare). Average land possessed was the highest in Rajasthan (1.87 hectares) followed by Madhya Pradesh (1.47 hectare) and Chhattisgarh (1.21).

3.4.4 Land cultivated: Information on land cultivated during the agricultural year (AY) 2003-04, i.e., July 2003 to June 2004 was collected in the employment-unemployment survey. The distributions of rural households by size class of land cultivated according to the latest three quinquennial NSS rounds, viz., 61st (2004-05), 55th (1999-2000) and 50th (1993-94), are presented in Statement 3.7.

3.4.4.1 The statement shows that during the agricultural year 2003-04, about 38 per cent of the rural households cultivated land more than 0.40 hectares. In fact, about 57 per cent of rural

households were estimated to have cultivated ‘0.001 hectare’ or more in AY 2003-04 (see detailed Table 9, Appendix A). Between 1993-94 and 1999-2000, although the distribution has shifted towards the lower size classes, that is, an increasing proportion of households have shifted gradually to the lower size classes, there was some reshuffling across size classes between 1999-2000 and 2004-05. 3.4.4.2 State-level distribution: Based on the present survey, the distributions of rural households by size class of land cultivated for different states and union territories are presented in

Statement 3.7.1. The major states where 30 per cent or more of rural households had cultivated land more than 1.00 hectare were Madhya Pradesh (42 per cent), Rajasthan (40 per cent), Chhattisgarh (39 per cent) and Assam (30 per cent).

3.5 Literacy Among Household Members

Statement 3.7: Per 1000 distribution of rural households by size class of land cultivated during the agricultural years 1992-93, 1998-99, 2003-04 all-India rural size class of agricultural year land cultivated (hectares)

1992-93 (50th round)

1998-99 (55th round)

2003-04 (61st round)

(1) (2) (3) (4) up to 0.40 575 632 621 0.41 – 1.00 171 168 171 1.01 – 2.00 135 112 113 2.01 – 4.00 76 59 65 4.01 & above 43 30 30 all classes 1000 1000 1000 Note: The households with size class of land cultivated up to 0.40 hectares comprise households cultivated land less than 0.40 hectares as well as household reported no information on land cultivated.



3.5.1 Literacy, together with educational attainment, determines the quality of population and is highly related to one’s employment prospects. For the purposes of this survey, a person who could read and write a simple message in any language with understanding was considered a literate. Literates were further classified according to their levels of educational attainment. The discussion here is restricted to persons in the age-group 15 years and above. The proportion of households with no literate member is given in Statement 3.8 for India as a whole, and in Statement 3.8.1 for different states and union territories.

3.5.2 Statement 3.8 shows that, during 2004-05, in India, in as many as 26 per cent of the households in the rural areas and 8 per cent in the urban areas, there was not a single member in the age-group 15 years and above who could read and write a simple message with understanding.

Further, as high as 50 per cent of the rural – and 20 per cent of the urban-households had no literate female member. It may be noted that compared to the period 1993-94 to 1999-2000, the improvement in this regard had been much faster during the period 1999-2000 to 2004-05.

3.5.3 State-wise variations: As seen from Statement 3.8.1, the state-wise variations in these proportions during 2004-05 were quite significant. Among the major states, the proportion of households with no literate member of age 15 years and above was the lowest in Kerala – this proportion varying from 38 per cent (Bihar) to 3 per cent (Kerala) in rural areas and from 16 per cent (Rajasthan) to 1 per cent (Kerala) in the urban areas. 3.6 Households with Usually Employed Persons (PS +SS) of Age 15 Years and Above

3.6.1 Income of a household obviously depends on the number of employed persons in the household. Although income depends also on the type of work carried out by the members, the number of employed persons in a household could be taken as a broad indicator of its economic condition. The results giving the distribution of households having at least one member of age 15 years and above by number of usually employed persons of age 15 years and above are presented in Statement 3.9 for all-India. The corresponding results obtained from the 50th and 55th round surveys have also been presented to observe the changes, if any, over the period 1993-94 to 2004-05.

3.6.2 It is seen from Statement 3.9 that during 2004-05, about 4 per cent of the rural households and 8 per cent of the urban households had no usually employed member, while about 72 and 44 per cent of rural and urban households respectively had two or more members employed more or

Statement 3.8: Number of households with no literate member/ female member of age 15 years and above per 1000 households during 1993-94, 1999-2000, 2004-05

all-India hhs. with

no literate member hhs. with no literate

female member* round (year) rural urban rural urban

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 61st (2004-05) 261 84 500 195 55th (1999-00) 321 119 609 341 50th (1993 – 94) 370 143 678 397 * the denominator for these ratios are all households irrespective of whether there is any female member in the households or not.



less regularly. On the other hand, in the households where the head was a female, the proportion of households with no usually employed member was considerably higher – nearly 24 per cent in the rural areas and 26 per cent in the urban areas of India. It may be interesting to note that while among all the households only 3 to 4 per cent had ‘only 1 female worker’, among households headed by females, the proportion with ‘only 1 woman worker’ was much higher- 33 per cent in rural areas and 23 per cent in urban areas.

Statement 3.9: Per 1000 distribution of households having at least one member of age 15 years and above by number of usually employed (ps+ss) persons of age 15 years and above in those households during 1993-94, 1999-00 and 2004-05

all-India all households female headed hhs. number of usually

employed persons 1993 - 94 1999-00 2004-05 1993 - 94 1999-00

2004-05

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

rural

none 31 46 44 174 228 235 only 1 male 263 277 198 45 57 48 only 1 female 50 49 44 455 396 332 only 1 male & 1 female 290 278 280 110 112 111 others 366 351 435 216 207 275 all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

urban

none 83 76 78 323 263 263 only 1 male 495 509 448 92 112 134 only 1 female 36 36 34 282 301 234 only 1 male & 1 female 135 129 144 104 99 106 others 250 250 296 199 225 264 all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

3.6.3 Change during 1993-94 to 2004-05: Statement 3.9 reveals that the proportion of households with no worker increased from about 3 per cent in 1993-94 to 5 per cent in 1999-2000 and retained that level till 2004-05 in rural India - the urban proportion being stable at the level of 8 per cent during this period. In this respect the female-headed households are poorly placed. Among the female-headed households, this proportion shows a slow but increasing trend in rural areas – from 17 per cent in 1993-94 to 23 per cent 1999-2000 and then to 24 per cent in 2004-05, and in the urban, had been at 26 per cent during 1999-2000 to 2004-05 after sensing a fall of 6 percentage points between 1993-94 to 1999-2000. 3.6.4 State-level distribution: The corresponding distributions for different states and union territories based on data of the present survey are presented in Statement 3.9.1. Broadly speaking, the same pattern as that noted for all-India is also seen for the major states. 3.7 Age Distribution of Population



3.7.1 Age and sex are two important demographic characteristics. The distribution of population by age-group and sex as background information could improve the understanding of the results on employment-unemployment. In Statement 3.10, the distribution of the rural and urban population by 5-year age-groups is presented for males and females separately. Comparable results based on the 50th round (1993-94) and 55th round (1999-2000) surveys are also presented in this statement. 3.7.2 Age distribution: During the five years separating the present survey from the last quinquennial one, a small shift is visible in the population, especially among the younger groups. A slight decline in the share of the youngest age-group (0-4 years) as well as of the children aged 5-14 years in rural and 5-19 years in urban are noticeable for all the categories of persons. This distribution would help in better understanding of the results presented subsequently, as most of the results are age specific. The corresponding distributions for different states and union territories are given in Statement 3.10.1 for each sex separately for rural and urban areas.



3.7.3 As compared to 2001 Population Census, the percentage of population in 0-9 age-groups is lower for both males and females in rural and urban areas. Detailed investigation is required to find out the reasons for such difference. The age-distributions generated from the information contained in Schedule 1.0 (Household Consumer Expenditure) and Schedule 10 are quite close for both males and females in rural and urban areas.

Statement 3.10: Per 1000 distribution of population by five year age groups during 1993-94, 1999-2000, 2004-05

all-India age group male female

(years) 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-05 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-05 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

rural

0-4 129 117 111 127 119 110 5-9 132 137 126 126 129 120

10-14 120 128 127 107 117 113 15-19 102 99 101 90 88 91 20-24 81 77 80 91 86 88 25-29 74 75 72 85 84 79 30-34 68 66 66 74 75 79 35-39 64 66 68 62 67 73 40-44 50 53 57 52 51 56 45-49 45 46 51 48 45 48 50-54 38 37 38 37 36 37 55-59 29 28 30 32 30 31

60 & above 68 70 71 69 72 75 all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

urban

0-4 105 93 87 106 92 85 5-9 112 109 96 111 109 95

10-14 115 116 104 114 114 108 15-19 112 110 109 103 102 98 20-24 96 96 103 98 94 99 25-29 84 85 88 90 90 87 30-34 77 75 78 78 81 83 35-39 70 74 75 73 78 79 40-44 60 65 65 54 57 65 45-49 50 52 56 45 49 55 50-54 36 39 42 35 35 41 55-59 28 27 31 29 28 32

60 & above 55 58 64 64 70 76 all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000



3.8 General Education Level of Population 3.8.1 As mentioned earlier (in para 3.5.1), educational attainment determines the quality of a population and one's employment prospect. Thus, it is important to study the distribution of population by educational attainment (level) before a comprehensive discussion is attempted on employment-unemployment in the subsequent chapters. There is also a need to examine the changes

in the literacy rates over time. In Statement 3.11, the literacy rates (number of literates per 1000 persons) by sex as estimated from the 38th (1983), 43rd (1987 - 88), 50th (1993-94), 55th (1999-2000) and present quinquennial surveys on employment and

unemployment are presented for rural and urban India. In Figure 2, the literacy rates per 1000 persons are presented. It may be mentioned that in the earlier quinquennial surveys, a person who could read and write a simple message in any language was considered as literate. From the 50th round onwards, another condition viz. ‘with understanding’ was added for identifying literates. Over the period 1983 to 2005, it is seen that the literacy rate has increased considerably. The increase is relatively more among females than among males – both in rural and urban India. The distribution of persons by broad education level is presented in Statement 3.12 for each sex and rural-urban residence at the all-India level and those for different states and union territories for 2004-05 in Statement 3.12.1. As seen from Statement 3.12.1, there was considerable variation in the proportion of non-literate and educated (i.e., those with general educational level secondary and above including diploma/ certificate course) over the major states.

Statement 3.11: Literacy rate (per 1000 persons) by sex and for rural and urban India during 1983 to 2004-05

all-India round rural urban (year) male female male female

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 61st (2004 - 05) 636 450 805 693 55th (1999 - 00) 588 385 784 657 50th (1993 - 94) 545 321 759 616 43rd (1987 - 88) 484 260 719 556 38th (1983) 449 219 693 515



Fig. 2: Literacy rate per 1000 persons by sex and sector

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

rural male rural female urban male urban female

sex and sector

liter

acy

rate

(per

100

0 pe

rson

s)

38th (1983)

43rd (1987 - 88)50th (1993 - 94)

55th (1999 - 00)

61st (2004 - 05)



3.8.2 Change over rounds: As seen from Statement 3.12, the proportion of educated persons (i.e. educational level secondary and above) has increased in all the categories during the period of 11 years between 1994 and 2005. In rural India, the proportions of educated persons in 2004-05 were 13 and 7 per cent respectively among males and females. The

corresponding proportions in urban India were 35 and 26 per cent. The proportion of educated persons have increased over time for males and females both in rural and urban areas. 3.9 Beneficiary of

Government Schemes 3.9.1 Information on whether the members of the households have been benefited from certain government schemes viz., Annapurna, Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme,

Mid-day Meal and Food for Work, was collected in the survey. The objectives of these schemes are either to provide food security to the senior citizens; or to improve nutrition, health and education of young children, and expectant and

Statement 3.12: Per 1000 distribution of persons by general educational level during 1993-94, 1999-2000, 2004-05

all-India year general educational level and round

not literate

literate& up to

primary

middle secondary & above

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) rural male

2004-05 (61st ) 364 (320) 361 (277) 140 (191) 134 (211) 1999-00 (55th) 412 (372) 342(262) 126(178) 117(189) 1993-94 (50th) 455 (411) 337 (276) 109 (154) 98 (157)

rural female

2004-05 (61st ) 550 (585) 293 (199) 89 (113) 67 (102) 1999-00 (55th) 615 (652) 260(174) 75 (96) 50 (77) 1993-94 (50th) 679 (708) 230 (166) 56 (73) 34 (53)

urban male

2004-05 (61st ) 195 (121) 300 (202) 160 (194) 345 (483) 1999-00 (55th) 216 (144) 309 (199) 156 (193) 317 (464) 1993-94 (50th) 241 (162) 332 (233) 145 (184) 281 (419)

urban female

2004-05 (61st ) 307 (279) 294 (197) 144 (168) 255 (356) 1999-00 (55th) 343 (318) 299 (195) 132 (157) 225 (328) 1993-94 (50th) 384 (363) 310 (216) 118 (143) 187 (277)

Note: Figures in parentheses are the corresponding proportions for persons of age 15 years and above.

Statement 3.13: Number per 1000 persons received benefit from Government different schemes

all-India name of rural urban scheme male female person male female person (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Annapurna 4 5 4 0 1 1 ICDS 18 20 19 8 9 8 Midday meal 81 77 79 31 32 32 Food for work 8 6 7 - - - any of the schemes 112 108 110 39 42 41



nursing mothers; or to create wage employment in the natural-calamity-affected states. It may be noted that the Food for Work is a scheme operated in the rural areas. Moreover, the ICDS scheme is meant for the children below 6 years of age and for the expectant and nursing mothers. This information has been presented in Statement 3.13, in the form of proportion (per 1000) of persons who had been benefited from each of these schemes, at the all-India level. About 11 per cent of the population in the rural areas and about 4 per cent in the urban areas had been benefited from any of these schemes. There is hardly any gender difference among the beneficiaries. Among the specified schemes, the impact of Mid-day Meal scheme had been quite significant, particularly in the rural areas. About 8 per cent of the population in the rural areas and 3 per cent in the urban areas got benefited from this scheme. The impact of other schemes is found to be negligible: about 1 to 2 per cent of the population was benefited from ICDS scheme and less than 1 per cent was benefited from Annapurna scheme. Food for Work scheme, a rural programme, created wage employment to nearly 1 per cent of rural population.



Statement 3.3.1: Number of female headed (fh.) households per 1000 households, sex-ratio and average household size by sex of the head of the households for different states and u.t.s rural urban state/u.t. no. of fh. average hh.size sex-ratio no. of fh. average hh.size sex-ratio hhs. per fh. all fh. all hhs. per fh. all fh. all 1000 hhs hhs. hhs. hhs. hhs. 1000 hhs hhs. hhs. hhs. hhs. ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Andhra Pradesh 136 2.6 3.9 2267 1002 132 3.0 3.9 1623 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 98 3.0 4.7 1787 897 110 2.3 3.9 1978 832 Assam 76 4.3 5.0 1413 884 114 3.0 3.9 2095 947 Bihar 111 3.8 5.1 1764 912 74 4.1 4.7 1447 874 Chhattisgarh 89 3.3 5.0 1859 1022 99 3.6 4.6 1272 899 Delhi 4 3.6 4.7 1518 776 79 3.7 4.0 1121 818 Goa 264 3.6 4.1 1875 1173 158 3.6 4.5 1277 976 Gujarat 104 3.0 4.8 1799 936 95 2.8 4.4 1991 885 Haryana 86 4.1 5.1 1355 916 92 4.2 4.5 1439 834 Himachal Pradesh 194 3.6 4.6 1783 1033 129 2.5 3.0 1930 756 Jammu & Kashmir 56 4.3 5.6 1513 914 67 3.5 5.0 1407 888 Jharkhand 75 3.3 4.9 1994 950 117 4.0 4.8 1444 904 Karnataka 166 3.4 4.6 1623 978 152 3.5 4.2 1588 932 Kerala 233 3.9 4.2 1785 1103 251 3.9 4.1 1655 1030 Madhya Pradesh 62 3.3 5.2 1574 912 71 3.3 5.0 1557 917 Maharashtra 106 2.9 4.6 1879 951 97 3.2 4.3 1783 902 Manipur 115 4.6 5.0 1370 955 163 4.2 4.8 1671 1008 Megahlaya 157 3.9 4.8 1531 976 270 3.7 4.5 2784 1148 Mizoram 123 3.9 4.9 1377 896 127 3.9 4.8 1763 989 Nagaland 38 4.4 4.9 1426 939 45 4.1 4.9 1161 871 Orissa 96 3.2 4.7 2017 1019 100 3.4 4.3 1450 912 Punjab 93 4.4 5.2 1587 916 108 4.0 4.4 1502 893 Rajasthan 105 3.8 5.4 1668 967 79 3.9 5.1 1675 951 Sikkim 89 3.3 4.2 1565 893 114 2.3 3.4 4371 875 Tamil Nadu 163 2.5 3.7 2104 1028 146 2.8 3.6 2032 986 Tripura 107 3.6 4.4 1548 944 141 3.3 3.9 2148 1039 Uttaranchal 187 3.2 4.7 1815 1044 160 4.3 4.4 1309 912 Uttar Pradesh 98 4.0 5.6 1653 954 76 4.4 5.1 1339 903 West Bengal 90 3.2 4.7 1714 972 121 3.8 4.1 1445 915 A & N Islands 92 3.8 4.2 2269 953 111 3.4 3.8 1585 884 Chandigarh 58 3.4 3.5 1267 640 71 4.1 3.9 1466 838 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 35 1.7 3.4 3282 818 17 1.7 3.6 4042 919 Daman & Diu 88 3.3 3.5 1245 808 145 2.9 4.3 7823 1252 Lakshadweep 339 5.8 5.2 936 706 288 6.5 5.5 1239 984 Pondicherry 243 3.0 3.7 1524 1084 188 3.2 3.7 1880 1018 all-India 113 3.4 4.8 1771 962 111 3.5 4.3 1599 920 Note: fh. hhs.: female headed households



Statement 3.4.1: Per 1000 distribution of households by household type for each state and u.t.

rural household type state/u.t. self-employed in agricultural other others all agri- non- all labour labour (incl. culture agri. households households n..r.) ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Andhra Pradesh 251 160 411 358 91 140 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 652 116 767 15 27 190 1000 Assam 479 178 657 129 123 91 1000 Bihar 355 182 537 317 32 114 1000 Chhattisgarh 386 65 451 375 71 103 1000 Delhi 12 410 423 16 58 503 1000 Goa 156 154 310 83 222 386 1000 Gujarat 334 118 451 327 104 118 1000 Haryana 354 181 535 117 143 205 1000 Himachal Pradesh 428 142 569 17 193 221 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 472 207 679 46 95 179 1000 Jharkhand 460 162 622 108 166 103 1000 Karnataka 313 97 411 425 81 84 1000 Kerala 207 185 392 161 273 174 1000 Madhya Pradesh 461 94 556 295 71 78 1000 Maharashtra 313 110 423 363 95 119 1000 Manipur 591 210 801 11 22 164 1000 Megahlaya 630 125 755 107 47 90 1000 Mizoram 760 108 868 3 3 126 1000 Nagaland 596 126 722 5 3 270 1000 Orissa 298 189 487 292 102 119 1000 Punjab 291 157 448 203 201 148 1000 Rajasthan 502 160 662 65 178 95 1000 Sikkim 431 116 548 23 202 227 1000 Tamil Nadu 205 135 341 355 166 138 1000 Tripura 287 207 494 93 293 119 1000 Uttaranchal 529 154 683 86 77 154 1000 Uttar Pradesh 492 185 678 137 92 93 1000 West Bengal 269 215 484 326 89 101 1000 A & N Islands 297 143 439 69 331 161 1000 Chandigarh 49 341 389 0 259 351 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 98 67 165 100 351 385 1000 Daman & Diu 43 315 358 129 164 350 1000 Lakshadweep 275 84 359 67 276 298 1000 Pondicherry 132 102 234 398 275 93 1000 all-India 359 158 517 258 109 116 1000



Statement 3.4.1: Per 1000 dis tribution of households by household type for each state and u.t.

urban household type state/u.t. self- regular casual others all employed wage/salaried labour (incl. n.r.) ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Andhra Pradesh 377 350 149 124 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 317 488 56 140 1000 Assam 358 437 78 126 1000 Bihar 470 214 119 196 1000 Chhattisgarh 307 456 142 95 1000 Delhi 324 589 39 48 1000 Goa 267 463 229 41 1000 Gujarat 378 453 99 70 1000 Haryana 409 466 62 62 1000 Himachal Pradesh 251 398 236 115 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 486 346 99 70 1000 Jharkhand 302 393 110 187 1000 Karnataka 334 421 145 100 1000 Kerala 337 263 247 153 1000 Madhya Pradesh 407 414 108 71 1000 Maharashtra 322 482 121 74 1000 Manipur 470 304 21 201 1000 Megahlaya 147 598 92 163 1000 Mizoram 381 468 66 83 1000 Nagaland 439 442 34 85 1000 Orissa 374 380 146 100 1000 Punjab 426 438 73 63 1000 Rajasthan 426 356 115 104 1000 Sikkim 280 569 51 100 1000 Tamil Nadu 328 434 133 105 1000 Tripura 358 377 104 157 1000 Uttaranchal 387 431 48 134 1000 Uttar Pradesh 492 339 87 79 1000 West Bengal 373 403 131 92 1000 A & N Islands 212 609 120 59 1000 Chandigarh 283 618 20 80 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 348 553 83 17 1000 Daman & Diu 335 485 103 77 1000 Lakshadweep 207 537 156 100 1000 Pondicherry 274 347 249 131 1000 all-India 375 413 118 94 1000



Statement 3.4.2: Per 1000 distribution of persons by household type for each state and u.t.

rural household type state/u.t. self-employed in agricultural other others all agriculture non-agri. labour labour (incl. households households n.r.) ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 284 173 357 96 89 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 702 104 13 23 157 1000 Assam 494 176 127 119 85 1000 Bihar 377 196 302 31 94 1000 Chhattisgarh 419 71 369 71 71 1000 Delhi 6 481 5 52 456 1000 Goa 184 151 91 232 342 1000 Gujarat 369 120 327 110 74 1000 Haryana 395 211 111 120 163 1000 Himachal Pradesh 429 154 14 206 197 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 476 210 54 83 177 1000 Jharkhand 457 183 94 165 100 1000 Karnataka 352 104 405 87 52 1000 Kerala 196 202 159 285 158 1000 Madhya Pradesh 503 94 280 64 58 1000 Maharashtra 356 120 346 90 88 1000 Manipur 597 197 9 21 172 1000 Megahlaya 644 128 87 49 91 1000 Mizoram 760 106 3 3 128 1000 Nagaland 608 119 4 3 266 1000 Orissa 334 201 272 98 95 1000 Punjab 332 158 199 188 122 1000 Rajasthan 531 164 60 173 72 1000 Sikkim 495 106 21 171 206 1000 Tamil Nadu 221 144 356 174 105 1000 Tripura 309 206 93 282 110 1000 Uttaranchal 536 166 92 80 125 1000 Uttar Pradesh 521 196 124 88 71 1000 West Bengal 295 221 322 86 77 1000 A & N Islands 341 139 67 320 133 1000 Chandigarh 86 469 0 140 304 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 148 93 136 376 247 1000 Daman & Diu 73 287 183 207 249 1000 Lakshadweep 337 74 47 300 243 1000 Pondicherry 147 126 402 253 72 1000 all-India 398 167 241 106 88 1000



Statement 3.4.2: Per 1000 distribution of persons by household type for each state and u.t.

urban household type state/u.t. self- regular casual others all employed wage/salaried labour (incl. n.r.) ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Andhra Pradesh 428 362 150 60 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 347 525 41 87 1000 Assam 395 433 69 102 1000 Bihar 566 221 117 93 1000 Chhattisgarh 352 450 132 67 1000 Delhi 383 559 33 24 1000 Goa 284 463 225 28 1000 Gujarat 429 445 97 29 1000 Haryana 467 429 57 47 1000 Himachal Pradesh 337 403 187 73 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 524 348 78 49 1000 Jharkhand 370 370 126 123 1000 Karnataka 415 388 154 43 1000 Kerala 372 256 269 103 1000 Madhya Pradesh 450 390 118 42 1000 Maharashtra 367 470 123 40 1000 Manipur 448 328 15 206 1000 Megahlaya 160 624 84 131 1000 Mizoram 384 478 54 82 1000 Nagaland 466 450 23 62 1000 Orissa 399 384 146 72 1000 Punjab 491 409 65 35 1000 Rajasthan 479 364 110 48 1000 Sikkim 417 501 35 47 1000 Tamil Nadu 369 429 143 59 1000 Tripura 389 379 105 123 1000 Uttaranchal 448 403 56 92 1000 Uttar Pradesh 564 294 95 45 1000 West Bengal 417 403 122 57 1000 A & N Islands 197 654 108 41 1000 Chandigarh 296 654 17 33 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 404 467 119 9 1000 Daman & Diu 361 521 82 36 1000 Lakshadweep 269 523 105 102 1000 Pondicherry 311 336 280 73 1000 all-India 433 396 118 52 1000



Statement 3.5.1: Per 1000 distribution of households by monthly per capita expenditure (mpce) class for each state and u.t. rural

monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 235

235 -

270

270 -

320

320 -

365

365 -

410

410 -

455

455 -

510

510 -

580

580 -

690

690 -

890

890 -

1155

1155 &

above(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)Andhra Pradesh 40 23 51 76 84 82 108 123 140 136 74 64Arunachal Pradesh 27 13 34 38 57 67 76 114 158 177 122 118Assam 13 10 37 65 89 92 123 141 193 175 46 16Bihar 37 44 112 142 122 105 125 122 100 67 17 7Chhattisgarh 76 52 118 147 139 97 79 99 75 70 29 19 Delhi 0 0 13 0 0 57 79 29 122 204 196 300Goa 0 0 15 0 40 48 65 93 180 165 91 303Gujarat 7 14 31 62 66 64 100 133 162 169 108 84Haryana 3 3 18 29 38 47 78 87 143 193 155 206Himachal Pradesh 2 2 11 20 30 47 78 102 162 202 157 185 Jammu & Kashmir 1 0 2 5 26 46 63 147 203 276 146 85Jharkhand 32 41 108 127 139 133 114 106 86 71 26 16Karnataka 25 31 76 101 104 103 123 106 133 103 42 52Kerala 11 3 13 19 32 38 54 82 128 202 157 261Madhya Pradesh 50 58 135 130 105 109 101 94 90 68 34 25 Maharashtra 28 28 68 82 92 88 105 119 131 117 73 69Manipur 1 0 1 18 36 61 102 208 274 211 66 21Megahlaya 0 0 0 6 10 30 60 157 255 315 111 56Mizoram 4 0 2 10 26 22 39 81 132 313 236 136Nagaland 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 8 50 318 326 294 Orissa 120 97 148 152 115 79 81 67 62 42 22 16Punjab 0 3 17 25 31 52 63 92 137 217 179 183Rajasthan 6 12 36 59 83 90 119 148 160 159 70 58Sikkim 3 0 14 24 30 44 89 140 170 180 119 187Tamil Nadu 24 23 61 69 94 93 101 129 151 138 66 50 Tripura 11 23 63 95 147 138 139 126 129 71 40 16Uttaranchal 7 8 15 60 68 90 112 146 171 153 102 67Uttar Pradesh 20 30 83 101 105 110 116 123 117 98 57 40West Bengal 17 30 62 92 106 105 117 125 130 111 59 45A & N Islands 18 0 0 5 5 17 54 99 151 233 197 220 Chandigarh 0 0 0 31 0 0 18 126 25 358 186 256Dadra & Nagar Haveli 99 18 7 83 154 103 65 75 52 62 130 152Daman & Diu 0 0 0 0 4 40 40 42 69 232 126 446Lakshadweep 0 0 27 0 4 54 0 89 144 208 106 368Pondicherry 8 0 54 88 76 125 66 84 140 153 89 117 all India 29 30 71 90 94 92 106 117 127 119 65 60



Statement 3.5.1: Per 1000 distribution of households by monthly per capita expenditure (mpce) classfor each state and u.t. urban

monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 335

335 -

395

395 -

485

485 -

580

580 -

675

675 -

790

790 -

930

930 -

1100

1100 -

1380

1380 -

1880

1880 -

2540

2540 &

above (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Andhra Pradesh 22 24 82 107 130 106 117 85 110 89 63 64 Arunachal 45 16 71 88 100 99 156 123 167 69 35 31 Assam 13 9 75 88 76 129 86 123 148 118 86 49 Bihar 102 79 125 154 93 83 58 50 49 107 50 50 Chhattisgarh 55 57 109 115 84 76 84 99 93 110 56 62 Delhi 7 6 28 42 45 103 101 79 128 175 129 156 Goa 3 16 33 60 82 96 122 154 108 138 136 51 Gujarat 6 8 29 74 83 89 103 145 141 154 106 62 Haryana 22 20 42 62 77 101 102 144 126 157 98 48 Himachal Pradesh 0 0 28 41 75 26 85 133 112 253 154 92 Jammu & Kashmir 1 1 15 44 134 134 155 181 121 135 50 30 Jharkhand 51 49 85 115 85 95 103 101 101 105 86 22 Karnataka 35 37 64 72 88 97 108 93 115 128 74 88 Kerala 19 19 40 75 90 115 89 107 120 120 95 110 Madhya Pradesh 62 56 127 130 107 90 99 72 83 64 51 57 Maharashtra 22 26 71 73 80 74 89 98 117 163 90 97 Manipur 0 0 34 203 183 192 148 135 66 26 13 1 Megahlaya 1 0 2 21 45 159 104 113 100 280 110 64 Mizoram 0 0 1 18 46 128 120 140 206 209 91 41 Nagaland 4 0 3 4 22 56 105 163 194 230 135 87 Orissa 136 70 129 84 99 77 74 70 112 77 31 40 Punjab 5 10 31 59 85 100 120 116 161 146 89 80 Rajasthan 30 45 72 126 124 76 128 97 79 117 52 53 Sikkim 2 18 24 17 47 106 78 128 143 264 103 69 Tamil Nadu 28 20 59 105 118 99 88 95 100 131 77 77 Tripura 12 31 81 134 115 96 100 81 122 133 69 27 Uttaranchal 21 40 48 77 82 97 106 132 143 147 53 53 Uttar Pradesh 61 65 115 124 114 90 99 80 110 57 44 40 West Bengal 23 26 74 97 89 104 101 107 118 112 71 77 A & N Islands 0 0 7 7 22 34 121 108 151 240 181 129 Chandigarh 9 13 31 30 34 37 91 52 132 167 137 269 Dadra & Nagar 0 28 14 31 8 10 108 45 205 262 192 96 Daman & Diu 0 0 7 13 41 161 104 183 227 124 74 66 Lakshadweep 8 10 10 48 88 92 78 163 176 179 110 37 Pondicherry 22 36 57 104 157 80 107 95 102 72 68 99

all India 33 32 73 93 97 93 99 97 113 121 75 74



Statement 3.5.2: Per 1000 distribution of persons by monthly per capita expenditure (mpce) class for each state and u.t.

rural monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 235

235 -

270

270 -

320

320 -

365

365 -

410

410 -

455

455 -

510

510 -

580

580 -

690

690 -

890

890 -

1155

1155 &

above (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Andhra Pradesh 26 30 64 92 97 89 118 123 135 119 61 46 Arunachal Pradesh 29 17 41 47 69 78 88 132 173 162 101 64 Assam 17 12 46 79 97 100 125 135 187 155 38 10 Bihar 53 53 132 156 129 107 121 105 84 45 11 4 Chhattisgarh 92 55 136 158 139 98 76 88 61 60 23 14 Delhi 0 0 20 0 0 110 97 38 122 264 172 177 Goa 0 0 29 0 55 56 86 110 170 183 104 205 Gujarat 6 18 45 83 85 78 109 136 147 158 83 54 Haryana 5 3 24 40 41 56 84 99 155 200 156 137 Himachal Pradesh 3 3 17 28 41 62 99 115 177 200 126 128 Jammu & Kashmir 0 1 3 6 32 55 75 174 209 262 124 58 Jharkhand 42 55 135 137 143 140 109 91 73 48 16 13 Karnataka 36 41 98 118 116 109 126 104 117 77 30 28 Kerala 8 4 15 27 40 50 61 101 146 205 145 200 Madhya Pradesh 62 72 153 142 111 111 94 84 73 58 26 15 Maharashtra 33 35 80 97 107 94 111 120 121 97 56 49 Manipur 1 0 1 20 36 71 107 225 279 185 58 18 Megahlaya 1 0 0 8 12 38 72 194 290 285 72 26 Mizoram 4 0 3 11 35 27 48 99 147 328 202 97 Nagaland 0 0 2 0 2 0 1 12 61 356 330 237 Orissa 145 108 157 148 116 76 77 62 51 36 16 9 Punjab 0 4 24 30 36 58 72 97 135 212 172 160 Rajasthan 8 17 45 71 94 103 130 153 154 136 51 39 Sikkim 3 1 28 32 45 58 119 165 179 155 92 122 Tamil Nadu 25 29 76 83 111 101 107 124 130 116 56 41 Tripura 14 27 69 102 158 135 146 121 119 62 36 10 Uttaranchal 5 10 22 79 84 107 123 159 171 132 68 42 Uttar Pradesh 24 37 104 119 121 120 113 115 105 76 40 24 West Bengal 22 42 77 106 118 109 117 116 119 92 48 34 A & N Islands 4 0 0 10 7 30 70 124 189 249 157 160 Chandigarh 0 0 0 55 0 0 26 169 39 469 96 146 Dadra & Nagar 29 15 17 134 165 137 80 112 59 76 67 108 Daman & Diu 0 0 0 0 1 67 70 71 108 294 123 265 Lakshadweep 0 0 32 0 8 80 0 139 185 198 86 271 Pondicherry 9 0 56 107 84 119 72 74 133 141 102 102

all India 34 38 88 105 106 100 108 113 116 101 52 40



Statement 3.5.2: Per 1000 distribution of persons by monthly per capita expenditure (mpce) class for each state and u.t.

urban monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 335

335 -

395

395 -

485

485 -

580

580 -

675

675 -

790

790 -

930

930 -

1100

1100 -

1380

1380 -

1880

1880 -

2540

2540 &

above (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Andhra Pradesh 23 32 103 127 139 109 111 78 107 80 48 45 Arunachal Pradesh 27 25 65 102 136 114 156 130 140 55 26 26 Assam 20 12 105 120 91 140 82 114 120 110 59 27 Bihar 127 100 157 185 108 80 48 49 47 68 18 12 Chhattisgarh 63 73 126 106 97 96 88 102 81 88 40 41 Delhi 4 10 32 70 64 119 121 84 121 156 86 135 Goa 1 30 48 66 129 105 119 152 94 106 104 48 Gujarat 7 14 42 89 107 103 113 151 122 131 85 37 Haryana 34 25 60 77 93 120 104 133 108 131 77 39 Himachal Pradesh 0 1 55 95 106 40 105 129 92 175 131 70 Jammu & Kashmir 0 1 21 55 169 153 173 179 93 104 35 17 Jharkhand 73 69 101 164 89 105 89 84 83 83 49 12 Karnataka 48 51 89 83 95 107 115 88 109 104 62 48 Kerala 25 32 53 97 108 125 97 106 111 101 71 73 Madhya Pradesh 81 66 156 142 104 97 94 65 72 55 37 31 Maharashtra 31 33 95 91 100 86 93 100 104 128 71 68 Manipur 0 0 35 219 206 200 142 112 61 16 7 1 Megahlaya 1 0 3 38 58 185 162 117 85 233 94 25 Mizoram 0 0 1 19 55 141 132 146 209 191 80 26 Nagaland 5 0 2 4 27 81 122 175 191 214 109 67 Orissa 171 78 157 87 98 68 74 69 100 58 19 20 Punjab 9 13 41 74 103 118 117 107 151 128 73 66 Rajasthan 30 70 90 161 142 76 125 87 64 89 36 28 Sikkim 2 9 35 15 45 135 92 188 151 216 80 32 Tamil Nadu 34 24 69 124 133 105 88 92 93 121 65 52 Tripura 17 40 88 140 127 102 103 77 105 125 57 18 Uttaranchal 36 51 71 96 102 121 102 113 119 120 36 32 Uttar Pradesh 86 92 148 144 124 88 95 60 73 36 28 28 West Bengal 31 37 94 117 101 109 101 102 102 95 57 55 A & N Islands 0 0 11 8 25 46 151 142 166 206 153 92 Chandigarh 3 15 42 44 43 50 81 44 171 159 141 207 Dadra & Nagar 0 73 19 49 17 20 183 85 117 181 199 58 Daman & Diu 0 0 10 13 50 254 122 177 217 104 31 22 Lakshadweep 12 26 17 70 115 130 123 168 125 110 80 25 Pondicherry 31 46 70 121 162 94 104 87 97 74 55 60

all India 44 45 95 114 111 100 101 91 97 97 56 49



Statement 3.6.1: Per 1000 distribution of rural households by size class of land owned for each state and u.t.

rural size class of land owned (0.00 hectares) state/u.t. 0.000 0.001

– 0.004

0.005 –

0.40

0.41 –

1.00

1.01 –

2.00

2.01 –

4.00

4.01 &

above

all classes

( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Andhra Pradesh 124 82 433 154 107 65 35 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 181 22 163 139 215 175 104 1000 Assam 62 9 357 244 205 110 14 1000 Bihar 10 104 582 158 86 44 16 1000 Chhattisgarh 75 41 261 233 182 158 51 1000 Delhi 127 500 360 7 0 6 0 1000 Goa 80 44 732 91 46 4 3 1000 Gujarat 65 209 304 148 122 94 59 1000 Haryana 94 109 412 130 113 93 50 1000 Himachal Pradesh 128 15 409 288 109 39 12 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 14 11 472 349 117 35 3 1000 Jharkhand 15 37 462 308 143 28 7 1000 Karnataka 77 153 281 192 148 99 51 1000 Kerala 87 3 750 106 41 12 2 1000 Madhya Pradesh 45 148 192 187 177 163 89 1000 Maharashtra 93 163 273 151 137 118 64 1000 Manipur 19 2 446 337 171 19 5 1000 Megahlaya 28 18 333 322 175 85 38 1000 Mizoram 27 84 259 384 194 45 6 1000 Nagaland 16 0 42 117 233 444 148 1000 Orissa 63 111 411 230 127 45 13 1000 Punjab 66 111 512 83 84 98 46 1000 Rajasthan 51 57 228 219 175 140 131 1000 Sikkim 319 23 330 239 70 13 6 1000 Tamil Nadu 107 162 497 131 69 24 10 1000 Tripura 49 10 654 225 49 11 3 1000 Uttaranchal 106 38 527 230 56 24 18 1000 Uttar Pradesh 25 74 464 242 120 55 19 1000 West Bengal 84 43 640 160 56 15 2 1000 A & N Islands 363 7 364 118 80 58 10 1000 Chandigarh 646 16 267 20 42 4 4 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 497 38 167 169 122 7 0 1000 Daman & Diu 155 303 525 0 13 4 0 1000 Lakshadweep 148 50 790 8 4 0 0 1000 Pondicherry 185 136 613 43 13 6 5 1000 all India 66 96 428 186 117 72 35 1000



Statement 3.6.2: Average area of land possessed (hectare) and per 1000 distribution of rural households by size class of land possessed for each state and u.t.

rural

state/u.t.

av. area of land possessed

per

size class of land possessed ( hec.)

fh. hhs. all hhs. 0.000 0.001 –

0.004

0.005 –

0.40

0.41 –

1.00

1.01 –

2.00

2.01 –

4.00

4.01 &

above

all classe

s (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Andhra Pradesh 0.33 0.68 37 134 466 146 108 70 39 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 1.29 1.63 191 27 179 136 217 150 100 1000 Assam 0.51 0.92 9 12 400 228 216 121 13 1000 Bihar 0.13 0.52 18 102 532 173 110 50 15 1000 Chhattisgarh 0.67 1.21 18 76 289 227 173 167 49 1000 Delhi 0.00 0.02 16 606 366 7 0 6 0 1000 Goa 0.10 0.21 8 65 763 109 48 4 3 1000 Gujarat 0.39 0.93 25 244 317 142 120 96 56 1000 Haryana 0.59 0.83 30 170 436 112 101 98 53 1000 Himachal Pradesh 0.45 0.61 19 64 447 312 105 41 12 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 0.58 0.60 7 21 465 349 119 35 4 1000 Jharkhand 0.36 0.59 8 43 457 318 140 28 7 1000 Karnataka 0.44 0.94 31 197 299 184 137 100 51 1000 Kerala 0.20 0.25 18 19 788 116 43 13 3 1000 Madhya Pradesh 0.81 1.47 26 160 192 176 181 174 90 1000 Maharashtra 0.39 1.05 25 214 303 144 134 113 67 1000 Manipur 0.51 0.54 55 4 442 311 166 20 2 1000 Megahlaya 1.25 1.06 13 23 298 346 181 102 38 1000 Mizoram 0.53 0.65 192 11 195 374 185 37 6 1000 Nagaland 2.15 2.61 39 2 49 111 217 447 136 1000 Orissa 0.34 0.58 39 136 395 229 141 47 13 1000 Punjab 0.41 0.79 11 134 555 75 75 91 58 1000 Rajasthan 1.11 1.87 13 70 244 220 173 143 137 1000 Sikkim 0.25 0.38 46 184 420 262 75 8 5 1000 Tamil Nadu 0.18 0.34 8 218 532 134 73 25 10 1000 Tripura 0.25 0.34 49 21 628 235 51 14 2 1000 Uttaranchal 0.23 0.47 49 65 569 220 55 26 15 1000 Uttar Pradesh 0.32 0.67 15 87 447 249 127 58 18 1000 West Bengal 0.17 0.31 17 62 664 179 60 15 2 1000 A & N Islands 0.20 0.45 0 39 622 159 95 76 10 1000 Chandigarh 0.53 0.07 107 595 265 19 5 4 4 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 0.18 0.39 9 469 193 159 145 10 15 1000 Daman & Diu 0.18 0.04 0 452 531 0 13 4 0 1000 Lakshadweep 0.05 0.05 13 80 895 8 4 0 0 1000 Pondicherry 0.05 0.12 5 205 712 56 7 11 5 1000 all India 0.37 0.77 22 123 438 187 120 75 36 1000



Statement 3.7.1: Per 1000 distribution of rural households by size class of land cultivated during the agricultural year 2003-2004 for each state and u.t.

rural size class of land cultivated (hec.) state/u.t. 0.000 0.001

– 0.004

0.005 –

0.40

0.41 –

1.00

1.01 –

2.00

2.01 –

4.00

4.01 &

above

all classes

( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Andhra Pradesh 607 1 77 117 101 64 33 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 271 25 159 222 195 86 42 1000 Assam 243 11 190 254 212 81 9 1000 Bihar 464 4 209 175 97 40 11 1000 Chhattisgarh 263 0 144 205 185 161 42 1000 Delhi 988 0 0 7 0 6 0 1000 Goa 729 0 128 99 36 4 3 1000 Gujarat 506 5 102 130 117 88 52 1000 Haryana 593 1 73 89 101 94 51 1000 Himachal Pradesh 189 5 475 257 59 13 1 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 105 1 464 313 94 22 2 1000 Jharkhand 240 3 325 305 102 20 4 1000 Karnataka 461 2 111 154 134 92 47 1000 Kerala 364 16 485 92 31 10 1 1000 Madhya Pradesh 335 3 73 173 188 151 77 1000 Maharashtra 480 2 107 129 138 94 50 1000 Manipur 163 1 271 410 138 14 3 1000 Megahlaya 147 10 232 355 140 85 31 1000 Mizoram 128 0 273 425 148 24 3 1000 Nagaland 87 2 176 395 249 81 10 1000 Orissa 415 3 196 202 137 38 10 1000 Punjab 683 0 39 61 80 87 50 1000 Rajasthan 260 1 135 204 156 142 104 1000 Sikkim 439 1 235 256 60 7 4 1000 Tamil Nadu 718 1 97 110 50 17 7 1000 Tripura 541 3 232 192 28 4 1 1000 Uttaranchal 293 4 432 190 44 22 15 1000 Uttar Pradesh 282 3 285 239 122 52 16 1000 West Bengal 474 2 312 149 51 11 1 1000 A & N Islands 651 0 61 146 116 26 0 1000 Chandigarh 885 0 54 10 42 6 3 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 619 0 85 143 144 9 0 1000 Daman & Diu 851 0 134 8 3 4 0 1000 Lakshadweep 314 151 527 4 4 0 0 1000 Pondicherry 883 0 38 56 15 4 5 1000 all India 428 3 190 171 113 65 30 1000



Statement 3.8.1: Number of households with no literate member/female member of age 15 years and above per 1000 households for each state and u.t.

rural urban

state/u.t. hhs. with hhs. with hhs. with hhs. with no literate no literate no literate no literate member female member member female member (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Andhra Pradesh 364 577 127 281 Arunachal Pradesh 291 443 28 74 Assam 145 285 60 106 Bihar 380 654 154 310 Chhattisgarh 249 515 84 214 Delhi 67 231 60 149 Goa 62 157 43 117 Gujarat 181 459 67 156 Haryana 160 414 104 229 Himachal Pradesh 88 227 123 115 Jammu & Kashmir 178 489 98 277 Jharkhand 359 664 72 205 Karnataka 250 480 56 158 Kerala 28 56 11 31 Madhya Pradesh 315 628 95 248 Maharashtra 170 388 41 133 Manipur 54 200 66 129 Megahlaya 84 136 11 22 Mizoram 6 24 0 2 Nagaland 74 162 18 36 Orissa 284 483 113 230 Punjab 188 338 94 165 Rajasthan 326 703 159 356 Sikkim 78 198 14 103 Tamil Nadu 210 405 59 148 Tripura 98 237 42 100 Uttaranchal 191 413 83 182 Uttar Pradesh 313 615 144 310 West Bengal 228 418 72 137 A & N Islands 57 147 47 125 Chandigarh 176 285 59 118 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 149 319 17 62 Daman & Diu 86 197 55 95 Lakshadweep 11 93 40 54 Pondicherry 143 353 70 188 all India 261 500 84 195



Statement 3.9.1: Per 1000 distribution of households having at least 1 member of age 15 years and above by number of usually employed (ps+ss) persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t. rural state/u.t. number of usually employed persons of age 15 years and above none only 1 only 1 only 1 male others male female & 1 female all fh. all fh. all fh. all fh. all fh. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Andhra Pradesh 51 173 133 33 71 431 366 106 378 257 Arunachal Pradesh 49 102 259 43 52 527 338 141 301 186 Assam 11 79 331 95 22 279 222 157 413 391 Bihar 77 565 343 70 32 252 214 37 334 76 Chhattisgarh 27 199 76 21 32 306 356 137 507 338 Delhi 0 0 703 1000 0 0 52 0 245 0 Goa 153 381 397 245 71 117 148 82 232 175 Gujarat 32 156 132 40 38 366 283 99 515 339 Haryana 35 158 257 71 31 315 204 119 473 338 Himachal Pradesh 44 123 103 11 78 359 258 92 516 416 Jammu & Kashmir 18 98 139 62 16 286 205 126 622 428 Jharkhand 24 202 193 53 34 416 338 104 411 225 Karnataka 31 127 107 37 56 299 320 157 485 380 Kerala 64 190 228 87 72 239 219 132 416 351 Madhya Pradesh 23 187 146 16 23 319 349 186 458 292 Maharashtra 41 177 126 32 50 373 317 147 466 270 Manipur 6 20 325 81 27 222 242 176 401 501 Megahlaya 4 3 85 3 41 261 468 205 402 528 Mizoram 3 25 222 11 14 104 308 289 453 571 Nagaland 9 6 134 49 4 113 381 61 472 770 Orissa 44 246 188 42 34 308 274 78 459 326 Punjab 43 261 251 100 19 177 167 100 520 362 Rajasthan 43 292 127 31 42 369 306 72 482 236 Sikkim 27 121 334 88 37 394 299 123 303 275 Tamil Nadu 64 218 163 47 77 364 367 129 330 241 Tripura 32 180 560 215 29 248 106 119 274 238 Uttaranchal 42 144 150 9 80 408 255 88 472 351 Uttar Pradesh 40 260 223 29 39 359 223 85 475 267 West Bengal 44 293 274 69 31 290 244 126 407 222 A & N Islands 16 50 314 106 58 497 282 138 329 210 Chandigarh 43 735 699 0 4 69 68 48 187 148 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 179 64 238 0 4 314 235 91 345 531 Daman & Diu 94 346 575 171 5 57 71 227 255 199 Lakshadweep 1 4 338 186 56 170 85 15 520 626 Pondicherry 50 150 263 58 104 323 273 109 311 360 all India 44 235 198 48 44 332 280 111 435 275



Statement 3.9.1: Per 1000 distribution of households having at least 1 member of age 15 years and above by number of usually employed (ps+ss) persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t.

urban state/u.t. number of usually employed persons of age 15 years and above none only 1 only 1 only 1 male others male female & 1 female all fh. all fh. all fh. all fh. all fh. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Andhra Pradesh 105 242 384 134 48 284 202 76 261 264 Arunachal Pradesh 59 295 639 0 50 517 147 47 105 142 Assam 79 335 622 140 30 209 72 95 198 219 Bihar 167 351 515 35 25 328 66 123 227 164 Chhattisgarh 67 316 426 77 43 247 145 156 319 204 Delhi 45 148 651 235 31 248 79 102 194 266 Goa 50 196 438 142 41 244 157 179 314 238 Gujarat 69 391 431 76 20 147 160 136 320 251 Haryana 50 240 537 176 29 221 113 95 271 267 Himachal Pradesh 91 386 552 15 46 352 132 72 179 174 Jammu & Kashmir 40 294 499 240 17 228 77 45 366 192 Jharkhand 105 398 492 99 20 154 133 112 250 237 Karnataka 85 176 427 154 43 254 144 119 302 297 Kerala 137 322 292 108 55 139 164 124 353 307 Madhya Pradesh 48 270 430 123 28 316 159 83 335 209 Maharashtra 58 196 423 123 35 266 162 146 322 270 Manipur 47 58 416 87 87 487 186 147 264 221 Megahlaya 116 260 326 49 83 291 226 89 250 310 Mizoram 15 30 400 78 64 401 251 182 270 308 Nagaland 54 152 403 0 25 477 282 0 236 371 Orissa 78 225 501 40 47 443 114 69 260 223 Punjab 49 270 498 143 23 149 92 32 338 407 Rajasthan 92 447 399 162 26 151 145 19 337 221 Sikkim 84 338 605 262 46 342 109 0 155 58 Tamil Nadu 95 292 411 137 47 270 216 98 232 203 Tripura 120 357 589 149 50 313 89 49 152 131 Uttaranchal 107 372 465 49 44 249 103 89 281 241 Uttar Pradesh 68 310 478 132 22 174 95 110 339 274 West Bengal 73 175 451 189 33 195 112 114 333 327 A & N Islands 58 306 536 204 37 200 140 130 229 159 Chandigarh 90 266 542 52 34 306 156 28 178 349 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 17 0 628 0 17 890 113 0 225 110 Daman & Diu 77 32 502 139 48 304 27 21 346 504 Lakshadweep 94 281 383 200 44 148 90 75 388 295 Pondicherry 124 349 533 112 45 213 135 126 163 199 all India 78 263 448 134 34 234 144 106 296 264



Statement 3.10.1: Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each state and u.t.

rural male state/u.t. age group (in years) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) Andhra Pradesh 93 104 116 102 86 79 68 72 68 60 45 31 77 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 97 133 148 95 68 73 73 78 63 66 34 34 38 1000 Assam 103 130 128 93 82 77 73 79 62 64 37 28 43 1000 Bihar 155 163 136 81 63 61 60 62 49 45 39 27 59 1000 Chhattisgarh 113 129 117 104 79 76 64 82 64 53 34 29 55 1000 Delhi 101 132 144 100 114 45 102 124 61 32 14 0 30 1000 Goa 83 94 103 84 77 63 125 97 40 76 44 21 94 1000 Gujarat 109 110 120 103 95 83 70 68 52 60 41 34 54 1000 Haryana 108 108 119 111 102 78 80 70 52 40 32 23 77 1000 Himachal Pradesh 93 103 119 115 86 79 68 66 52 55 35 30 99 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 89 93 129 130 101 69 59 68 55 61 40 28 79 1000 Jharkhand 116 140 130 91 77 74 67 62 58 56 40 32 58 1000 Karnataka 90 96 112 114 91 82 74 70 61 54 52 41 64 1000 Kerala 87 89 98 92 86 75 68 71 63 65 52 43 110 1000 Madhya Pradesh 110 142 131 101 81 76 66 73 52 49 34 25 62 1000 Maharashtra 96 111 116 112 84 69 70 67 63 51 37 31 94 1000 Manipur 86 100 122 102 97 83 74 74 60 55 41 42 65 1000 Megahlaya 112 124 145 112 79 74 70 78 66 47 37 24 32 1000 Mizoram 91 101 124 119 107 95 72 59 57 46 47 36 46 1000 Nagaland 95 107 128 113 74 74 68 76 63 56 49 37 60 1000 Orissa 102 113 115 94 80 81 72 72 60 63 39 34 75 1000 Punjab 98 111 127 107 93 69 67 75 57 49 34 30 82 1000 Rajasthan 127 138 138 102 82 68 64 58 51 46 34 24 68 1000 Sikkim 74 96 128 133 100 80 67 70 53 55 48 31 65 1000 Tamil Nadu 84 94 117 88 75 74 69 80 69 66 49 43 93 1000 Tripura 73 96 127 121 89 71 79 91 64 68 33 28 60 1000 Uttaranchal 109 124 133 122 75 64 64 67 44 52 32 31 83 1000 Uttar Pradesh 131 153 146 105 71 62 56 59 49 40 32 25 70 1000 West Bengal 95 115 122 101 83 78 71 77 67 54 40 32 65 1000 A & N Islands 52 98 84 116 117 114 84 67 56 66 55 17 74 1000 Chandigarh 71 153 95 105 160 51 137 74 27 8 19 28 70 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 111 82 126 155 103 139 60 57 39 31 26 56 14 1000 Daman & Diu 193 61 62 85 126 179 80 56 34 33 31 51 11 1000 Lakshadweep 116 108 99 53 102 98 101 64 39 85 67 34 32 1000 Pondicherry 107 71 94 108 109 72 104 85 45 45 34 42 84 1000 all India 111 126 127 101 80 72 66 68 57 51 38 30 71 1000




rural female state/u.t. age group (in years) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15)Andhra Pradesh 85 103 98 98 93 87 75 87 62 56 40 33 82 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 101 138 130 92 78 91 85 87 53 55 31 19 38 1000 Assam 100 126 125 85 90 91 95 77 67 44 36 25 39 1000 Bihar 144 146 117 67 84 72 90 69 54 45 36 27 48 1000 Chhattisgarh 122 124 131 87 80 73 80 75 56 41 32 32 65 1000 Delhi 141 138 166 61 34 56 199 94 36 22 4 12 35 1000 Goa 112 96 65 65 109 81 79 80 69 45 38 30 131 1000 Gujarat 110 108 102 81 101 80 77 69 64 57 43 36 71 1000 Haryana 123 113 113 100 93 84 78 68 53 39 29 23 83 1000 Himachal Pradesh 88 92 105 101 93 88 75 74 61 53 38 34 100 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 87 104 127 115 87 75 70 77 63 52 40 32 71 1000 Jharkhand 138 132 105 80 87 82 70 67 65 52 40 34 48 1000 Karnataka 82 87 107 101 95 88 78 77 61 61 51 33 79 1000 Kerala 79 77 77 85 90 85 79 91 62 64 48 41 121 1000 Madhya Pradesh 121 142 117 88 85 73 86 66 50 45 33 26 68 1000 Maharashtra 89 96 109 88 86 79 78 79 58 49 37 40 111 1000 Manipur 75 96 96 104 107 100 84 82 54 58 47 44 51 1000 Megahlaya 132 119 121 103 95 91 84 77 56 38 35 19 31 1000 Mizoram 77 119 102 113 118 92 82 68 55 56 47 28 45 1000 Nagaland 94 104 125 102 98 84 93 75 53 56 41 28 48 1000 Orissa 99 106 106 98 103 86 78 67 63 49 40 28 77 1000 Punjab 85 95 115 107 95 78 85 75 53 47 35 34 94 1000 Rajasthan 119 135 126 94 85 76 70 66 52 41 32 28 75 1000 Sikkim 66 107 141 114 110 92 77 77 52 54 37 26 46 1000 Tamil Nadu 81 89 95 79 86 85 82 88 63 62 50 43 96 1000 Tripura 75 94 118 108 96 92 84 90 69 47 32 25 70 1000 Uttaranchal 115 121 119 103 80 75 64 65 50 46 41 40 80 1000 Uttar Pradesh 138 147 122 96 81 69 73 61 47 38 31 27 70 1000 West Bengal 95 121 121 96 93 82 85 76 55 49 36 27 62 1000 A & N Islands 125 60 107 124 126 103 58 83 77 55 18 26 37 1000 Chandigarh 89 96 143 75 144 86 128 53 11 32 21 63 57 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 140 138 85 85 122 87 88 47 53 26 62 28 38 1000 Daman & Diu 60 100 95 119 100 145 78 66 27 50 80 18 62 1000 Lakshadweep 74 122 95 127 106 70 55 83 75 65 26 45 56 1000 Pondicherry 121 35 89 121 113 77 63 82 53 38 54 24 129 1000 all India 110 120 113 91 88 79 79 73 56 48 37 31 75 1000




rural person state/u.t. age group (in years) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above total





urban male state/u.t. age group (in years) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above total





urban female state/u.t. age group (in years) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above total





urban person state/u.t. age group (in years) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above total




Statement 3.12.1: Per 1000 distribution of persons by general educational level for each state and u.t.

rural male

states/u.ts. general educational level not literate literate& upto

primary middle secondary &

above all

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Andhra Pradesh 442 300 125 133 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 380 367 118 134 1000 Assam 249 460 171 117 1000 Bihar 463 316 101 119 1000 Chhattisgarh 353 432 114 101 1000 Delhi 189 308 111 391 1000 Goa 195 291 200 314 1000 Gujarat 307 360 183 149 1000 Haryana 319 364 99 217 1000 Himachal Pradesh 209 411 135 244 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 329 320 171 180 1000 Jharkhand 402 369 127 101 1000 Karnataka 378 328 162 132 1000 Kerala 150 338 286 225 1000 Madhya Pradesh 409 401 100 90 1000 Maharashtra 282 327 199 192 1000 Manipur 194 361 214 225 1000 Megahlaya 226 572 142 57 1000 Mizoram 115 459 287 132 1000 Nagaland 218 336 212 232 1000 Orissa 375 350 170 104 1000 Punjab 326 367 110 197 1000 Rajasthan 412 373 113 103 1000 Sikkim 212 548 116 123 1000 Tamil Nadu 276 419 155 151 1000 Tripura 215 485 183 117 1000 Uttaranchal 292 344 174 190 1000 Uttar Pradesh 420 329 124 127 1000 West Bengal 321 454 122 103 1000 A & N Islands 180 425 252 143 1000 Chandigarh 243 460 100 197 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 308 402 129 162 1000 Daman & Diu 295 296 95 314 1000 Lakshadweep 172 527 192 110 1000 Pondicherry 236 359 171 234 1000

all India 364 361 140 134 1000




rural female



above all

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Andhra Pradesh 609 250 74 66 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 500 312 107 79 1000 Assam 365 439 130 62 1000 Bihar 674 239 49 36 1000 Chhattisgarh 566 345 59 30 1000 Delhi 343 410 111 136 1000 Goa 310 299 145 246 1000 Gujarat 531 289 104 76 1000 Haryana 527 306 66 102 1000 Himachal Pradesh 359 366 102 173 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 534 274 116 76 1000 Jharkhand 658 264 54 23 1000 Karnataka 533 265 119 83 1000 Kerala 194 318 254 234 1000 Madhya Pradesh 640 287 42 31 1000 Maharashtra 449 295 160 96 1000 Manipur 328 360 165 140 1000 Megahlaya 257 585 112 42 1000 Mizoram 125 538 257 73 1000 Nagaland 286 360 199 154 1000 Orissa 540 275 123 60 1000 Punjab 412 336 92 160 1000 Rajasthan 687 245 43 24 1000 Sikkim 310 501 91 99 1000 Tamil Nadu 455 340 110 95 1000 Tripura 325 479 127 69 1000 Uttaranchal 497 303 98 102 1000 Uttar Pradesh 640 249 61 50 1000 West Bengal 461 401 88 49 1000 A & N Islands 330 334 195 141 1000 Chandigarh 402 357 75 166 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 619 251 63 67 1000 Daman & Diu 320 357 78 245 1000 Lakshadweep 254 431 210 106 1000 Pondicherry 456 290 138 116 1000 all India 550 293 89 67 1000




rural person



above all


all India 455 328 115 102 1000




urban male



above all


all India 195 300 160 345 1000




urban female



above all


all India 307 294 144 255 1000




urban person



above all

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Andhra Pradesh 304 288 128 281 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 146 386 171 296 1000 Assam 177 300 198 323 1000 Bihar 316 298 122 263 1000 Chhattis garh 241 325 117 316 1000 Delhi 193 289 128 390 1000 Goa 232 267 128 371 1000 Gujarat 205 292 184 319 1000 Haryana 262 288 107 343 1000 Himachal Pradesh 203 303 94 401 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 270 280 160 289 1000 Jharkhand 235 267 162 335 1000 Karnataka 241 261 163 334 1000 Kerala 144 294 246 316 1000 Madhya Pradesh 278 334 108 280 1000 Maharashtra 202 271 207 319 1000 Manipur 195 291 155 357 1000 Megahlaya 112 327 175 385 1000 Mizoram 73 355 282 289 1000 Nagaland 139 310 198 352 1000 Orissa 279 270 171 280 1000 Punjab 229 293 100 378 1000 Rajasthan 363 296 130 211 1000 Sikkim 180 407 144 269 1000 Tamil Nadu 194 334 154 318 1000 Tripura 190 329 204 278 1000 Uttaranchal 237 283 123 357 1000 Uttar Pradesh 345 301 112 240 1000 West Bengal 195 332 168 304 1000 A & N Islands 185 292 191 332 1000 Chandigarh 146 263 90 500 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 232 249 109 411 1000 Daman & Diu 118 243 146 493 1000 Lakshadweep 236 374 253 137 1000 Pondicherry 205 337 161 297 1000

all India 248 297 152 302 1000

Summary of Findings Chapter Four Labour Force


Chapter Four

Labour Force 4.0 General 4.0.1 Labour force, or in others words, the ‘economically active’ population, refers to the population which supplies or seeks to supply labour for production and, therefore, includes both ‘employed’ and ‘unemployed’ persons. Four different estimates of the labour force have been obtained based on the three approaches adopted in the survey for classification of the population by activity status viz. usual status, current weekly status and current daily status. These are:

(i) number of persons in the labour force according to the usual status (ps) i.e. by considering usual principal activity only,

(ii) number of persons in the labour force according to the usual status (ps+ss) i.e. by considering usual principal and subsid iary activity together,

(iii) number of persons in the labour force according to the current weekly status approach, and

(iv) number of person-days in the labour force according to the current daily status approach.

4.0.2 The estimate of the labour force according to the usual principal status gives the number of persons who either worked or were looking for work for a relatively longer part of the 365 days preceding the date of survey. The labour force, considering both the usual principal status and the subsidiary status, includes the persons who (a) either worked or were looking for work for a relatively longer part of the 365 days preceding the date of survey and (b) also those persons from among the remaining population who had worked at least for 30 days during the reference period of 365 days preceding the date of survey. The labour force measured in terms of current weekly status gives the average picture of the labour force participation in a short period of one week during the survey period. The estimate of labour force according to the current weekly status provides the number of persons who worked for at least 1 hour or was seeking/available for work for at least 1 hour on any day during the 7 days preceding the date of survey. The labour force measured in terms of current daily status gives the average picture of the number of person-days in the labour force on a day during the survey period. For each person, 7 person days were assigned for the 7 days preceding the date of survey and the estimate of the person-days in the labour force during in the reference week was obtained by considering the number of person-days worked or was available for work during the week by adopting current daily status approach. The number of person-days in the labour force on a day during the survey period is obtained by dividing the person-days in the labour force in a week by 7.

4.1 Labour Force Participation Rates (LFPR)

4.1.1 The labour force participation rate (LFPR) is defined as the number of persons/ person-days in the labour force per 1000 persons/person-days. In Statement 4.1, the LFPRs, as estimated from the NSS 61st round (2004-2005) survey, based on the different concepts are presented for all- India. The corresponding rates obtained from the 50th (1993-94) and 55th



(1999-2000) round surveys are also given in this statement for comparison. In Figure 3, the LFPR based on the different concepts are presented for NSS 50th, 55th and 61st rounds.

Statement 4.1: Labour force participation rate (LFPR) according to usual, current weekly and current daily statuses during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India number of persons / person-days in labour force status male female 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-05 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-05

sex-ratio of labour

force (2004-05)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) rural

usual (ps) 549 533 546 237 235 249 439 usual (ps+ss) 561 540 555 330 302 333 577 cws 547 531 545 276 263 287 506 cds 534 515 531 232 220 237 429

urban

usual (ps) 538 539 566 132 126 148 241 usual (ps+ss) 543 542 570 165 147 178 287 cws 538 539 566 152 138 168 272 cds 532 528 561 132 123 150 247

Fig. 3: Labour force participation rate (per 1000 persons) by sex and sector in India

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

usual (ps) usual (ps+ss)

cws cds usual (ps) usual (ps+ss)

cws cds

rural urbanSex, Approach and Sector

LFP

R (p

er 1

000

pers

ons)

Male 1993-94

Male 1999-00

Male 2004-05

Female 1993-94

Female 1999-00

Female 2004-05



4.1.2 Usual status approach: In 2004-05, considering ‘all’ (ps+ss) workers, i.e., workers according to us (ps+ss), about 56 per cent of the rural males and 33 per cent of the rural females were ‘usually’ available for employment. The corresponding proportions for urban areas were 57 and 18 per cent, respectively. During the period of five years ending June 2005, the usual status LFPRs increased by nearly 2 percentage points for males and about 3 percentage points for females, in rural areas. In the urban areas, during that period, the increase in LFPR was a little more for males than its rural counterparts; it increased by 3 percentage points for both males and females. On the other hand, between 1993-94 and 1999-2000, for females, usual status LFPRs taking principal status (ps) workers only remained stable in both rural and urban areas. However, when ‘all workers’ viz. ‘workers’ considering both principal and subsidiary statuses are considered, usual status LFPRs for females showed a decrease during the period – by about 3 percentage points in rural areas and 2 percentage points in urban areas.

4.1.3 Current status approach: Compared to LFPRs of the current statuses, the usual status (all) LFPRs were higher in both the sectors and more so for females. This could be due to some among the usually employed withdrawing from labour force when there is no work during some part of the year rather than reporting themselves as unemployed in the current status. Interestingly, the difference is considerably higher for females in the rural areas where the seasonality in work is believed to be substantial.

4.1.4 Gender differentials in the labour force: Statement 4.1 also presents the sex ratio (i.e. number of females per 1000 males) in the labour force. The statement reveals that whatever be the approach followed, females were far outnumbered by males in the labour force – to a greater extent in urban areas than in rural areas. However, when the usual status ‘all workers’ approach is followed, sex ratio is found to improve, particularly in the rural areas. This reflects that the feature of females being engaged in subsidiary economic activities was more frequently observed in rural areas than in urban areas.

4.1.5 State level estimates: The LFPRs based on the various alternative concepts for different states and union territories as estimated from the present survey are presented in Statements 4.1.1 and 4.1.2. Statement 4.1.1 gives LFPRs for persons of all ages and Statement 4.1.2 gives that for persons of age 15 years and above.

4.2 Age Specific Labour Force Participation Rates (ASLFPR)

4.2.1 During 2004-05, the LFPRs according to usual principal status are presented in Statement 4.2 for different age -groups. In Statement 4.3, the LFPRs based on usual status (ps+ss) approach, i.e. taking into account both the principal and subsidiary statuses together, are presented for different age-groups as obtained from the NSS 50th, 55th and the 61st round surveys. 4.2.2 It is seen from Statements 4.2 and 4.3 that the pattern in the LFPRs over the age groups are same as per both the concepts for all the categories of persons (rural male, rural female, urban male and urban female). This statement reveals that LFPR is almost nil in the age-group 5-9 years. However, in the age-group 10-14, it is almost 5 per cent for rural males, rural females and urban males, and 3 per cent for urban females. The LFPR is found to be very high in the age groups 30 – 49 years and starts declining thereafter.



About 63 per cent of the aged males (60 years and above) in rural areas and about 36 per cent of the aged males in the urban areas were found to be in the labour force. This figure for females was 20 per cent in rural and 9 per cent in urban areas. The comparison of the age specific LFPRs

measured according to the usual principal status, and usual principal and subsidiary (ps+ss) statuses taken together reveals that the incidence of participation in the labour force in the subsidiary capacity is higher among the male youths in the age groups 15-19 years and 20-24 years than that among the persons in the other age groups. Whereas among the females, the participation rate in the labour force in the subsidiary capacity is much higher in all the age groups above 14 years. The over all participation rate in the labour force in the subsidiary capacity is found to be less than 1 per cent for the males and 3 to 8 per cent for the females in India.

4.2.3 Change in LFPR during the period 1993-94 to 2004-05: It is seen from statement 4.3 that, compared to the rates in 1993-94, among rural males and females, the LFPR has declined in the younger age groups during 2005. For the other age-groups, there had been a fall in the LFPR between 1993-94 and 1999-2000, but compensated with a similar rise in the rates between 1999-2000 and 2004-05. In urban areas, the pattern closely resembled that seen for the rural areas, except for the aged males (60 years and above) for whom the LFPR showed a systematic fall from 44 per cent in 1993-94 to 40 per cent in 1999-2000, and then to nearly 37 per cent in 2004-05. The age specific LFPR for the NSS 61st round is presented in Figure 4.

Statement 4.2: Age specific labour force participation rates according to usual principal status during 2004-2005

all-India age group rural urban

(years) male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

5-9 2 2 2 1 10-14 57 51 49 26 15-19 491 238 365 109 20-24 874 313 758 209 25-29 980 387 955 221 30-34 987 435 986 255 35-39 990 488 983 278 40-44 983 480 983 267 45-49 980 487 975 229 50-54 960 439 938 226 55-59 926 396 823 192

60 & above 631 199 356 86 all (0 +) 546 249 566 148



Statement 4.3: Age specific labour force participation rates according to usual status (ps+ss) during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India age group male female

(years) 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-05 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-05

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) rural

5-9 11 7 3 14 7 3 10-14 139 93 70 142 96 75 15-19 598 532 529 371 314 331 20-24 902 889 891 470 425 435 25-29 980 975 982 528 498 530 30-34 988 987 988 587 557 593 35-39 992 986 991 610 579 642 40-44 989 984 985 607 586 627 45-49 984 980 982 594 566 616 50-54 970 953 963 543 515 562 55-59 941 930 931 468 450 509

60 & above 699 640 645 241 218 254 all (0 +) 561 540 555 331 302 333

urban 5-9 4 3 3 4 2 3

10-14 71 52 53 47 37 35 15-19 404 366 381 142 121 144 20-24 772 755 769 230 191 250 25-29 958 951 957 248 214 261 30-34 983 980 987 283 245 308 35-39 990 986 984 304 289 340 40-44 984 980 983 320 285 317 45-49 976 974 976 317 269 269 50-54 945 939 939 287 264 259 55-59 856 811 832 225 208 218

60 & above 443 402 366 114 94 100 all (0 +) 542 542 570 164 147 178

Fig. 4: Age specific LFPRs (usual ps+ss) by sex and sector in India during 2004-05

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &above

Age (years)

LFPR

(per

100

0 pe

rson

s)

rural male

rural female

urban male

urban female



Statement 4.1.1: Number of persons in the labour force per 1000 persons (LFPR) according to usual, current weekly and current daily statuses for each state and ut.

rural male female persons state / u.t. usual status weekly daily usual status weekly daily usual status weekly daily ps ps+ss status status ps ps+ss status status ps ps+ss status status (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Andhra Pradesh 606 612 602 586 453 485 438 399 529 548 520 492 Arunachal Pradesh 504 505 503 490 410 413 406 388 460 462 457 442 Assam 556 564 555 542 123 216 165 128 353 401 372 348 Bihar 478 486 483 468 88 138 118 89 292 320 309 287 Chhattisgarh 561 569 557 541 408 455 354 320 484 512 454 429 Delhi 526 526 526 524 26 47 47 37 308 317 317 311 Goa 574 576 576 572 187 222 199 189 365 385 372 365 Gujarat 592 598 592 576 306 428 394 302 454 516 497 443 Haryana 531 537 534 527 118 321 283 194 333 434 414 368 Himachal Pradesh 541 565 540 525 412 516 449 338 475 540 494 430 Jammu & Kashmir 545 561 546 540 77 271 206 128 322 422 384 343 Jharkhand 542 546 537 504 239 313 243 182 394 433 393 347 Karnataka 624 628 618 595 421 462 416 357 524 546 518 477 Kerala 572 589 568 548 258 321 285 246 407 448 420 390 Madhya Pradesh 543 548 536 526 312 366 289 254 433 461 418 396 Maharashtra 565 575 564 553 425 475 423 388 497 527 495 473 Manipur 522 531 522 514 253 354 318 271 391 445 422 395 Megahlaya 564 572 568 548 467 480 474 427 516 527 522 488 Mizoram 588 597 612 531 421 441 450 365 509 523 536 452 Nagaland 508 561 549 513 381 511 496 399 446 537 523 457 Orissa 597 604 578 554 244 351 251 208 419 476 413 379 Punjab 562 567 564 554 60 338 333 197 322 458 453 383 Rajasthan 512 516 508 505 274 407 344 290 395 463 428 399 Sikkim 569 570 568 567 322 323 321 260 453 453 452 422 Tamil Nadu 602 604 600 591 449 467 446 414 524 534 522 501 Tripura 606 607 605 605 116 125 121 117 368 373 370 368 Uttaranchal 508 533 506 496 310 429 347 279 407 480 425 385 Uttar Pradesh 483 499 486 477 124 241 199 140 308 373 346 312 West Bengal 581 587 580 555 111 184 159 118 349 389 372 340 A & N Islands 632 655 633 630 179 277 251 190 411 471 447 415 Chandigarh 618 618 618 618 56 56 56 56 399 399 399 399 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 563 564 565 564 260 495 429 302 427 533 504 446 Daman & Diu 590 592 592 592 142 168 151 139 390 403 395 390 Lakshadweep 616 616 616 611 109 114 109 104 406 408 406 401 Pondicherry 627 627 626 609 333 374 334 308 474 495 474 453 all-India 546 555 545 531 249 333 287 237 401 446 418 387



Statement 4.1.1: Number of persons in the labour force per 1000 persons (LFPR) according to usual, current weekly and current daily statuses for each state and ut.

urban male female persons state / u.t. usual status weekly daily usual status weekly daily usual status weekly daily ps ps+ss status status ps ps+ss status status ps ps+ss status status (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Andhra Pradesh 578 581 576 567 220 232 223 210 399 406 399 388 Arunachal Pradesh 463 466 466 463 150 151 158 157 321 323 326 324 Assam 582 591 586 579 93 120 110 99 344 362 354 345 Bihar 479 485 483 478 48 68 64 54 278 290 288 280 Chhattisgarh 547 550 546 541 157 185 168 154 362 377 367 358 Delhi 560 561 561 559 88 94 95 91 347 351 352 348 Goa 578 578 584 579 206 214 214 211 394 398 401 397 Gujarat 590 592 589 585 124 155 149 128 371 387 382 371 Haryana 525 528 528 525 86 143 136 109 325 353 350 336 Himachal Pradesh 621 630 622 598 231 268 254 227 453 474 464 438 Jammu & Kashmir 540 546 542 539 89 126 119 97 328 348 343 331 Jharkhand 506 510 512 505 115 137 127 112 320 333 329 319 Karnataka 585 587 585 579 180 192 184 170 390 397 392 382 Kerala 565 583 560 544 260 301 260 240 410 440 408 390 Madhya Pradesh 536 542 536 529 130 156 134 123 342 357 344 335 Maharashtra 575 580 578 574 172 198 187 173 384 399 393 384 Manipur 477 482 477 474 182 236 233 209 329 358 354 341 Megahlaya 461 470 470 467 308 314 308 305 379 387 383 380 Mizoram 488 491 503 462 284 288 304 259 386 390 404 361 Nagaland 459 479 474 459 221 277 247 215 348 385 368 345 Orissa 551 553 539 528 180 202 161 149 374 386 358 347 Punjab 587 589 589 587 117 155 153 134 365 385 383 373 Rajasthan 518 523 518 516 127 188 165 140 327 359 346 333 Sikkim 564 564 564 563 175 177 175 168 382 383 382 379 Tamil Nadu 608 611 607 602 240 253 249 236 425 434 429 421 Tripura 605 605 604 603 221 230 226 223 409 414 412 410 Uttaranchal 536 542 539 539 109 142 130 120 332 351 344 339 Uttar Pradesh 536 542 538 534 75 120 111 88 317 342 335 322 West Bengal 623 630 626 615 120 169 165 136 383 410 405 386 A & N Islands 617 617 611 607 165 188 180 175 405 416 409 405 Chandigarh 527 528 527 527 153 154 154 154 356 358 357 357 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 697 697 693 693 82 214 206 132 403 466 460 424 Daman & Diu 671 671 671 666 208 233 209 205 414 428 414 410 Lakshadweep 488 495 474 463 208 230 220 212 349 363 348 338 Pondicherry 556 559 551 546 176 191 185 174 365 373 367 359 all-India 566 570 566 561 148 178 168 150 366 382 375 364



Statement 4.1.2: Number of persons in the labour force per 1000 persons (LFPR) according to usual status for persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t.

rural state/u.t. male female person ps ps+ss ps ps+ss ps ps+ss (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 862 867 613 655 735 759 Arunachal Pradesh 805 806 639 644 726 729 Assam 860 872 186 328 541 615 Bihar 867 878 147 231 508 556 Chhattisgarh 864 876 638 705 751 791 Delhi 845 845 47 85 519 535 Goa 781 783 250 299 493 521 Gujarat 886 894 444 621 669 760 Haryana 793 802 181 484 503 651 Himachal Pradesh 787 818 572 713 676 763 Jammu & Kashmir 786 807 107 389 464 608 Jharkhand 872 878 374 491 627 688 Karnataka 873 877 567 620 719 748 Kerala 785 809 336 418 544 598 Madhya Pradesh 870 876 490 574 688 731 Maharashtra 824 835 591 657 708 747 Manipur 752 766 345 482 548 623 Megahlaya 886 897 735 756 811 827 Mizoram 855 867 595 623 730 750 Nagaland 757 817 561 746 661 782 Orissa 876 882 343 493 603 683 Punjab 836 844 83 475 465 662 Rajasthan 842 848 419 626 630 737 Sikkim 806 807 467 468 648 649 Tamil Nadu 849 853 606 631 724 738 Tripura 853 854 159 173 514 521 Uttaranchal 791 824 479 657 630 738 Uttar Pradesh 834 854 205 391 520 624 West Bengal 857 866 161 268 516 572 A & N Islands 825 852 253 391 557 637 Chandigarh 908 908 84 84 589 589 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 828 829 399 766 642 802 Daman & Diu 861 864 191 226 548 566 Lakshadweep 910 910 154 161 589 592 Pondicherry 861 861 442 495 639 667 all-India 848 859 371 494 610 677



Statement 4.1.2: Number of persons in the labour force per 1000 persons (LFPR) according to usual status for persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t.

urban state/u.t. male female person ps ps+ss ps ps+ss ps ps+ss (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 794 797 293 309 541 551 Arunachal Pradesh 725 729 211 213 480 483 Assam 807 820 130 169 484 510 Bihar 728 735 76 108 432 450 Chhattisgarh 736 741 212 250 488 509 Delhi 757 759 119 127 471 475 Goa 761 761 269 280 519 524 Gujarat 822 823 168 209 511 531 Haryana 769 774 119 196 464 502 Himachal Pradesh 848 861 313 360 617 644 Jammu & Kashmir 746 755 97 149 442 470 Jharkhand 727 733 158 189 455 473 Karnataka 799 801 245 261 532 541 Kerala 768 792 334 386 542 580 Madhya Pradesh 806 814 190 227 508 531 Maharashtra 783 790 234 269 523 543 Manipur 702 708 260 336 477 519 Megahlaya 682 689 411 419 534 542 Mizoram 716 721 390 396 549 554 Nagaland 721 750 324 402 529 582 Orissa 778 781 248 278 522 539 Punjab 799 801 159 211 496 521 Rajasthan 769 775 191 283 491 539 Sikkim 777 777 230 233 524 525 Tamil Nadu 807 811 312 329 559 570 Tripura 797 797 286 299 537 543 Uttaranchal 750 757 153 198 466 491 Uttar Pradesh 794 802 110 175 475 509 West Bengal 784 793 150 210 485 518 A & N Islands 807 808 225 253 540 553 Chandigarh 724 726 201 202 478 480 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 921 921 97 283 545 630 Daman & Diu 790 790 259 290 502 518 Lakshadweep 744 754 293 323 511 532 Pondicherry 766 769 238 258 496 508 all-India 786 792 204 244 507 530



Statement 4.1.2: Number of persons in the labour force per 1000 persons (LFPR) according to current status for persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t.

rural state/u.t. male female person cws cds cws cds cws cds (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 855 833 590 537 720 682 Arunachal Pradesh 801 781 632 605 720 697 Assam 858 839 251 193 571 533 Bihar 873 847 197 148 537 499 Chhattisgarh 856 832 551 499 704 666 Delhi 845 842 85 66 535 525 Goa 783 777 266 253 503 493 Gujarat 886 861 572 437 732 653 Haryana 797 787 426 295 622 554 Himachal Pradesh 784 763 624 470 701 611 Jammu & Kashmir 786 778 294 181 552 495 Jharkhand 863 811 379 282 625 551 Karnataka 864 832 558 479 710 655 Kerala 780 752 372 321 560 520 Madhya Pradesh 858 842 453 399 664 630 Maharashtra 820 804 587 539 704 672 Manipur 752 741 432 369 591 554 Megahlaya 890 861 745 670 818 766 Mizoram 875 769 628 512 757 646 Nagaland 800 759 721 583 761 673 Orissa 849 813 353 292 595 546 Punjab 838 824 467 275 655 554 Rajasthan 836 830 529 443 682 636 Sikkim 804 802 465 377 646 604 Tamil Nadu 846 834 603 559 721 692 Tripura 853 852 167 161 517 514 Uttaranchal 786 770 536 432 657 596 Uttar Pradesh 836 822 326 230 582 527 West Bengal 855 819 230 171 548 501 A & N Islands 823 820 354 268 604 562 Chandigarh 908 908 84 84 589 589 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 831 829 663 464 758 671 Daman & Diu 864 864 203 187 555 548 Lakshadweep 910 902 153 147 588 581 Pondicherry 860 837 443 409 639 610 all-India 845 823 426 351 636 588



Statement 4.1.2: Number of persons in the labour force per 1000 persons (LFPR) according to current status for persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t.

urban state/u.t. male female person cws cds cws cds cws cds (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 790 778 297 279 541 526 Arunachal Pradesh 730 726 224 223 489 487 Assam 813 802 155 140 499 486 Bihar 733 726 101 86 446 435 Chhattisgarh 735 728 228 208 495 482 Delhi 759 756 129 123 477 472 Goa 769 764 280 276 528 523 Gujarat 819 815 201 174 525 510 Haryana 774 769 187 150 498 478 Himachal Pradesh 850 817 344 308 631 597 Jammu & Kashmir 750 745 139 109 463 446 Jharkhand 736 726 179 157 469 454 Karnataka 799 790 251 232 535 521 Kerala 761 739 334 309 539 515 Madhya Pradesh 806 796 196 180 511 498 Maharashtra 787 782 254 235 535 523 Manipur 701 697 331 297 513 494 Megahlaya 689 687 411 406 537 533 Mizoram 724 674 404 352 560 509 Nagaland 742 718 359 315 557 524 Orissa 760 746 221 204 501 485 Punjab 800 798 208 183 520 507 Rajasthan 769 766 251 211 520 499 Sikkim 777 776 230 221 524 519 Tamil Nadu 806 799 324 307 565 553 Tripura 796 795 293 289 540 537 Uttaranchal 753 753 181 169 481 475 Uttar Pradesh 796 790 161 127 500 481 West Bengal 788 774 205 170 512 489 A & N Islands 803 798 243 236 546 540 Chandigarh 724 724 202 201 479 479 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 916 916 270 167 622 574 Daman & Diu 790 783 260 255 502 497 Lakshadweep 722 705 310 299 509 495 Pondicherry 759 752 250 235 499 489 all-India 787 779 230 206 520 505

Summary of Findings Chapter Five Employed (Work Force)


Chapter Five Employed (Work Force)

5.0 General 5.0.1 In this chapter, the estimate of the work force (or employed) and its structure are discussed. In order to study the trend, earlier survey estimates are provided. The survey has generated four different estimates of the employed based on the three approaches used in classification of the activity statuses of the person surveyed. These are:

(i) number of persons employed according to the usual status (ps) i.e. by considering usual principal activity only,

(ii) number of persons employed according to the usual status (ps+ss) i.e. by considering usual principal and subsidiary activity together,

(iii)number of persons employed according to the current weekly status approach, and (iv) number of person-days employed according to the current daily status approach.

5.0.2 The estimate of employed (or worker) according to the usual principal status gives the number of persons who worked for a relatively longer part of the 365 days preceding the date of survey. The work force, considering both the usual principal status and the subsidiary status, includes the persons who (a) either worked for a relatively longer part of the 365 days preceding the date of survey and (b) also those persons from among the remaining population who had worked at least for 30 days during the reference period of 365 days preceding the date of survey. The work force measured in terms of current weekly status gives the average picture of the work force in a short period of one week during the survey period. The estimate of work force, according to the current weekly status provides the number of persons worked for at least 1 hour on any day during the 7 days preceding the date of survey. The work force measured in terms of current daily status gives the average picture of the person-days worked in a day during the survey period. For each person, 7 person-days were assigned for the 7 days preceding the date of survey and the estimate of the number of person-days worked in the reference week was obtained on the basis of the person-days worked according to the current daily status approach. The number of person-days worked on a day during the survey period is obtained by dividing the person-days worked in a week by 7.

5.0.3 The number of persons/person-days employed per thousand persons/person-days is referred to as work-force participation rates (WFPR) or worker-population ratio (WPR). This ratio is used in the following discussion on the employed.

5.1 Usually Employed

5.1.1 Statement 5.1 presents the worker-population ratios (WPRs) for two categories of usual status workers viz. (a) usual principal status workers i.e. workers according to usual status (ps) and (b) usual subsidiary status workers i.e. persons working only in a subsidiary status (ss workers). In Figure 5, the WPRs for usual principal status, usual subsidiary status and usual (ps+ss) are presented for the years 1993-94, 1999-00 and 2004-05. The two categories together constitute the total usually employed (or ‘all’ workers) i.e. workers according to the usual status (ps+ss). The first category pertains to those with more or less stable employment. WPR figures corresponding to ‘all’ workers in Statement 5.1 shows that 55 per cent of the males and 29 per cent of the females were workers. It is also seen from Statement 5.1 that WPR was the same for males in rural and urban areas whereas this was much higher for rural females (33 per cent) as compared to the urban females (17 per cent). Both in the rural and



urban areas, the WPRs according to usual subsidiary status (ss) were much higher for females than males.

Statement 5.1: Number of persons employed per 1000 persons (i.e., WFPR or WPR) according to usual status during 1972-73 to 2004-2005

all-India cate- usually employed round gory of rural urban all (year) worker male female person male female person male female person (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 61st (2004-05) ps 535 242 391 541 135 346 536 215 380 ss 11 85 48 8 31 19 11 72 40 all (ps+ss) 546 327 439 549 166 365 547 287 420 55th (1999-00) ps 522 231 380 513 117 324 520 203 365 ss 9 68 37 5 22 13 7 56 32 all (ps+ss) 531 299 417 518 139 337 527 259 397 50th (1993-94) ps 538 234 390 513 121 327 532 206 375 ss 15 94 54 8 34 20 13 80 45 all (ps+ss) 553 328 444 521 155 347 545 286 420 43rd (1987-88) ps 517 245 385 496 118 315 512 217 369 ss 22 78 49 10 34 22 19 68 43 all (ps+ss) 539 323 434 506 152 337 531 285 412 38th (1983) ps 528 248 391 500 120 320 521 218 374 ss 19 92 54 12 31 20 17 78 46 all (ps+ss) 547 340 445 512 151 340 538 216 420 32nd (1977-78) ps 537 248 395 497 123 319 529 224 371 ss 15 83 49 11 33 22 14 73 52 all (ps+ss) 552 331 444 508 156 341 543 297 423 27th (1972-73) all (ps+ss) 545 318 * 501 134 * * * * ps = principal status; ss = subsidiary status; ps+ss: principal and subsidiary status taken together *: proportions not derived for NSS 27th round

Fig. 5: Worker population ratio (per 1000 persons) according to usual (ps), usual (ss) and usual (all) during 1993-94, 1999-00 and 2004-05

0

100

200

300

400

500

600


sex and sector

WP

R (

per

1000

per

sons

)

1993-94 ps

1999-00 ps

2004-05 ps

1993-94 ss

1999-00 ss

2004-05 ss

1993-94 all

1999-00 all

2004-05 all



5.1.2 Usually employed over the rounds: Statement 5.1 also gives the WPRs obtained from all the seven quinquennial surveys conducted by NSSO. It may be noted that due to certain procedural differences for the 27th round, WFPR values pertaining to usual status are compar-able only with respect to ‘all workers’, and hence, are presented for that category only. The statement shows that, relative to 1999-2000, in rural areas, WFPRs for males in 2004-05 was higher by about 2 percentage points while that for females was higher by about 3 percentage points. In urban areas, the rates were higher by 3 percentage points for both males and females in 2004-05 than that in 1999-2000. 5.1.3 WPR for states and union teritorries during 2004-05: To study the regional disparities in the usual status WFPRs, the estimates based on the 61st round results on usual status worker- population ratio in terms of ‘principal status’ and also ‘principal as well as the subsidiary status taken together’ are presented for all the states and union territories in Statement 5.1.1 separately for males, females and persons by their rural-urban residence. The discussion below is restricted mostly to figures based on ‘all’ workers (i.e workers according to usual status (ps+ss)). 5.1.4 Rural males: During 2004-05, among the major states, the percentage of usual status (ps+ss) workers (i.e. ‘all’ workers) among rural males was highest in Karnataka (62 per cent) followed by Andhra Pradesh (61 per cent), Tamil Nadu (60 per cent), Gujarat (59 per cent) and Orissa (59 per cent). Other major states with WPRs well above the national average of 55 per cent for rural males are West Bengal and Maharashtra (57 per cent each). The WPR for rural male was the lowest in Bihar (48 per cent) preceded by Uttar Pradesh (50 per cent) and Rajasthan (51 per cent). 5.1.5 Rural females: Among the major states, Himachal Pradesh (51 per cent) and Andhra Pradesh (48 per cent) reported much higher WPRs than other major states. States like Maharashtra (47 per cent), Tamil Nadu and Karnataka (46 per cent each) and Chhattisgarh (45 per cent) also reported high WPRs. Bihar (14 per cent) reported the lowest WPR for rural females and was preceded by West Bengal (18 per cent). The percentage of female subsidiary status workers was relatively very high in Punjab (28 per cent), Haryana and Jammu & Kashmir (20 per cent each) and Rajasthan (14 per cent). It is seen that the major states reporting a low percentage of usually employed (principal status) rural females also reported a high percentage of employed in terms of the subsidiary status. 5.1.6 Urban males: In the urban areas, among the major states, the male WPR was much higher than the national average of 55 per cent for Himachal Pradesh (62 per cent), West Bengal (60 per cent), Tamil Nadu (59 per cent), Gujarat and Karnataka (58 per cent each) and Punjab (57 per cent). Rather low rates are reported by some states like Bihar (45 per cent) and Jharkhand (47 per cent). 5.1.7 Urban females: For urban females, among the major states, Tamil Nadu and Himachal Pradesh (24 per cent each), Andhra Pradesh (22 per cent) and Kerala (20 per cent) reported higher than average WPRs. The proportion of subsidiary status workers among urban females was relatively higher for Rajasthan, Haryana, Kerala and Uttar Pradesh as compared to the other major states.



5.2 Age Specific Usual Status Worker-population Ratio (ASWPR) 5.2.1 The number of persons usually employed in a particular age-group per 1000 persons in that age-group is defined as the age specific worker-population ratio (ASWPR). Based on the age recorded, the ASWPRs are estimated from the 61st round (2004-05) data for age groups of five year interval up to the age of 60 years and for the age group 60 years and above, for both the principal status (ps) workers and ‘all’ workers. The relevant results, separately for rural and urban areas, are presented for all- India in Statement 5.2 and for states and union-territories in Statement 5.2.1 (for workers according to the usual status (ps)) and in Statement 5.2.2 (for ‘all’ workers i.e. workers according to the usual status (ps+ss)). Comparable all-India results based on the 50th round (1993-94) and 55th round (1999-2000) surveys are also presented in Statement 5.2.

5.2.2 Change in ASWPR during the period 1993-94 to 2004-05: It is seen from Statement 5.2 that, compared to the rates in 1993-94, among rural males and females, the ASWPR has declined in the younger age groups over the period ending with 2005. For the other age-groups, there had been a fall in the ASWPR between 1993-94 and 1999-2000, but compensated with a similar rise in the rates between 1999-2000 and 2004-05. In urban areas, the pattern closely resembled that seen for the rural areas.

5.3 Age Composition of the Usually Employed 5.3.1 Statement 5.3 shows the per 1000 distribution of the usually employed persons by age-group for all-India for both the principal status (ps) workers and all workers as obtained from the present survey as also that from the 50th (1993-94) and 55th (1999-2000) round surveys. 5.3.2 It is seen from Statement 5.3 that for ‘all’ workers during the year 2004-05, more than two-thirds of the usually employed were in the age-group 15 to 44. The proportion of the usually employed males in this age bracket is 69 per cent in rural and 73 per cent in urban areas. For the females, the corresponding percentages are 71 and 74. Further, during this period, about one-fifths of the usually employed belonged to the age-group 45-59. The oldest group (i.e age-group 60 and above) accounted fo r about 4 to5 per cent of the usually employed in urban areas. However, in rural areas, about 8 per cent of usually employed males and 6 per cent of usually employed females belonged to this group. 5.3.3 Change in distribution during the period 1993-94 to 2004-05: During 1993-94 and 1999-2000, the estimated proportions of the usually employed in the age-groups of 45-59 or 60 & above were broadly the same as those for 2004-05 – for males or females, in either rural or urban areas. This observation holds true for the age-group 15 to 44 considered as a whole. However, for the age-group 15-29, in the rural areas, a small decrease of about 1 percentage point for males and 2 percentage points for females is observed in the proportions between 1993-94 and 1999-2000 as well as between 1999-2000 and 2004-05. But, similar trend is not observed for the age-group 15-29 in the urban areas. On the other hand, for the age-group 30-44, a small increase in the proportions between 1993-94 and 1999-2000 as well as between 1999-2000 and 2004-05 is observed in the rural areas – which is almost commensurate with the decrease noted against the age-group 15-29.



Statement 5.2: Age specific usual status worker population ratio (ASWPR) during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India male female age 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 group ps

wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) rural

5-9 9 11 5 6 2 3 11 14 6 7 1 3 10-14 112 138 82 91 54 68 104 141 74 96 49 74 15-19 523 577 475 503 453 497 264 364 234 304 222 319 20-24 824 859 823 844 820 849 318 456 310 409 284 410 25-29 947 957 942 950 956 966 354 525 373 491 367 513 15-29 740 775 721 741 712 742 311 447 307 400 288 410 30-34 980 983 974 979 977 981 407 585 422 555 424 584 35-39 988 989 981 984 986 989 435 608 453 579 482 639 40-44 985 987 981 983 979 983 440 606 462 586 475 625 30-44 984 986 978 982 981 984 425 598 443 572 458 614 45-49 980 983 977 980 977 981 438 594 450 566 483 615 50-54 965 970 949 953 958 963 407 542 399 515 436 561 55-59 936 942 919 929 924 930 337 467 351 450 394 509 45-59 963 968 953 958 958 962 401 543 407 518 444 569 60 & above 683 699 622 639 630 644 172 241 174 218 197 253 all (0 +) 538 553 522 531 535 546 234 328 231 299 242 327

urban 5-9 4 5 3 3 2 2 3 5 1 2 1 3 10-14 59 66 46 49 44 48 35 45 28 36 24 33 15-19 337 356 303 314 314 335 94 123 87 105 92 128 20-24 654 674 644 658 662 684 136 180 130 155 155 201 25-29 892 904 878 883 900 909 175 224 161 194 186 229 15-29 601 618 583 593 605 623 133 173 124 149 143 184 30-34 961 964 958 960 965 969 208 272 198 235 236 290 35-39 982 983 973 975 975 977 233 301 235 285 265 328 40-44 980 981 973 974 977 980 257 320 242 283 262 312 30-44 974 975 968 969 972 975 230 295 223 266 254 310 45-49 971 973 968 969 965 968 253 317 234 267 227 267 50-54 941 942 933 935 925 931 240 286 225 262 224 258 55-59 845 856 803 809 819 830 185 226 181 207 192 218 45-59 931 935 918 921 917 923 231 283 218 250 217 252 60 & above 429 442 386 402 355 366 91 113 82 94 86 100 all (0 +) 513 521 513 518 541 549 121 155 117 139 135 166



Statement 5.3: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed by age-group during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India male female age group 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 ps

wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) rural

5-9 2 3 1 2 0 1 6 5 3 3 1 1 10-14 25 30 20 22 13 16 48 46 37 37 23 26 15-19 100 107 90 94 85 92 101 100 89 90 83 88 20-24 124 126 121 122 123 125 124 126 116 118 104 111 25-29 130 128 135 134 128 127 129 137 135 137 120 124 15-29 354 361 346 350 336 344 354 363 340 345 307 323 30-34 124 121 123 122 121 119 128 131 136 139 139 142 35-39 117 115 123 121 126 124 115 115 131 129 145 142 40-44 91 88 99 98 105 103 98 96 103 101 110 107 30-44 332 324 345 341 352 346 341 342 370 369 394 391 45-49 82 80 87 85 94 92 89 86 88 85 96 90 50-54 68 66 67 66 69 68 65 62 62 62 67 64 55-59 51 50 50 50 52 51 46 45 45 45 51 48 45-59 201 196 204 201 215 211 200 193 195 192 214 202 60 & above 85 86 84 85 83 83 51 51 54 53 61 58 all (0 +) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

urban 5-9 1 1 1 1 0 0 3 3 1 2 1 2 10-14 13 15 11 11 8 9 32 33 27 29 19 22 15-19 73 77 65 67 63 66 80 82 76 78 67 76 20-24 122 124 120 122 126 129 110 114 104 105 113 120 25-29 146 146 146 145 146 146 129 130 124 126 119 119 15-29 341 347 331 334 335 341 319 326 304 309 299 315 30-34 144 142 140 139 140 138 134 138 137 137 145 145 35-39 134 132 140 139 136 134 141 142 156 159 156 157 40-44 114 113 122 122 118 117 113 111 119 117 126 122 30-44 392 387 402 400 394 389 388 391 412 413 427 424 45-49 95 94 98 97 101 99 95 93 97 93 92 88 50-54 66 65 71 70 73 72 69 64 67 65 67 63 55-59 46 45 43 43 47 47 44 42 43 42 45 42 45-59 207 204 212 210 221 218 208 199 207 200 204 193 60 & above 46 47 44 45 42 43 49 47 49 48 48 46 all (0 +) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000



5.4 Usual Status Worker Population Ratio and Monthly Per Capita Expenditure 5.4.1 As stated earlier, ‘employment’ of the household members is highly related with household income and in turn, with the household monthly per capita expenditure – a close proxy for household income. Thus, the worker population ratio (WPR) has been given for

each MPCE class in Statement 5.4 separately at the all- India level. It is evident from the statement that the WPR, particularly for the males, is found to increase steadily with the increase in MPCE of households, in both the rural and urban areas. But for the females, the pattern is somewhat different. In the rural areas, the WPR was about 31 per cent for the bottom MPCE class and about 29 per cent in the next MPCE class (Rs. 235-270). Thereafter, the WPR seems to have marginally increased up to the MPCE classes (Rs. 580 – 690) but has declined over the top three MPCE classes. On the other hand, in the urban areas, a declining pattern over the MPCE classes is observed in the WPRs for females except highest class. The sex ratio among workers over the MPCE classes reveals that compared to the richer households, more number of females than the males belonging to the households of lower MPCE classes, particularly in the rural areas, had to work. The worker

population ratio for the states and union territories are given in Statement 5.4.1 separately for each sex and sector. Similar observations, as for all- India, are noted among the major states. 5.5 Education Level Specific Usual Status Worker Population Ratio for Persons of Age 15 Years and Above 5.5.1 Among persons of age 15 years and above, the number of persons who are usually employed in a particular education category per 1000 persons in that education category is defined as the education level specific worker population ratio. For working out such education specific worker-population ratios, the persons of age 15 years and above are

Statement 5.4: Number of persons employed per 1000 persons (WPR) according to usual status (ps+ss) and sex ratio (per 1000) among workers by MPCE class

all- India wpr

MPCE class male female person sex

ratio (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

rural less than 235 424 306 364 1039

235 - 270 465 294 377 1063 270 - 320 489 296 392 1006 320 – 365 501 312 406 1004 365 – 410 515 318 417 983 410 – 455 530 335 434 956 455 – 510 553 333 446 947 510 - 580 571 337 457 948 580 – 690 583 339 466 929 690 – 890 609 355 487 936 890 -1155 622 347 492 899

1155 & above 618 318 476 898 all classes 546 327 439 962

urban less than 335 443 187 316 995

335 – 395 502 203 348 1064 395 - 485 511 197 356 976 485 - 580 536 185 364 967 580 - 675 541 177 365 931 675 - 790 550 151 358 930 790 - 930 568 148 370 895

930 - 1100 575 142 373 875 1100 – 1380 577 135 371 871 1380 – 1880 582 141 378 860 1880 - 2540 564 159 376 863

2540 & above 557 203 390 893 all classes 549 166 365 920



classified into 7 categories viz., ‘not literate’, ‘literate and up to primary’, ‘middle’, ‘secondary’, ‘higher secondary’, ‘diploma/ certificate’ and ‘graduate and above’. In the 61st round survey, general educational level was recorded as ‘diploma/ certificate’ for those who completed diploma or certificate course that was below graduation level. Diploma/ certificate courses, which were of graduation level or above, were classified under the respective class of general education. In the earlier surveys, such people were classified against the equivalent level of general education. The relevant worker-population ratios for rural and urban India for both the principal status (ps) workers and ‘all’ workers are shown in Statement 5.5. The corresponding results for 1993-94 and 1999-2000 obtained from NSS 50th and 55th round surveys, respectively are also presented in this statement. As done earlier, discussions are restricted to ‘all’ workers i.e. workers according to the usual status (ps+ss).

Statement 5.5: Education-level specific usual status worker population ratio for persons of age 15 years and above during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India male female

1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 general education level ps

wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) rural

not literate 913 918 891 895 887 892 391 540 404 513 416 550 literate & up to primary 898 909 872 880 887 895 286 416 303 403 327 449

middle 735 770 752 768 781 802 177 290 205 290 253 371 secondary 683 728 713 737 699 732 153 258 173 257 204 305 higher secondary 629 686 679 713 664 709 161 234 134 206 169 252

diploma/ certificate* - - - - 783 821 - - - - 396 523

graduate & above 792 834 802 836 818 851 293 366 269 310 285 345

all 846 864 829 841 830 846 346 486 350 452 359 485 urban



diploma/ certificate* - - - - 772 798 - - - - 423 486

graduate & above 807 818 797 806 785 795 282 301 252 273 265 290

all 758 768 745 752 752 763 175 223 166 197 185 227 * In NSS 50th and NSS 55th round surveys, there was no separate code for ‘diploma/ certificate’ and as such the estimates of persons with general education level ‘diploma/ certificate’ could not be obtained separately and they were classified in the equivalent level of general education. In the 61 st round survey, persons with general education level ‘diploma/ certificate’ which were equivalent to below graduate level were identified separately.



5.5.2 Statement 5.5 reveals that at all-India level, for rural males with educational qualification graduate and above (or rural male graduate, in brief), the worker-population ratio was almost same in between 1993-94 and 1999-2000. Between 1999-2000 and 2004-05, there was an increase of 1 percentage point. However, among the rural female graduates, the ratio of 366 in 1993-94 suffered a fall of about 6 percentage points in 1999-2000 and then increased to 345 in 2004-05. In urban areas, among the graduate and above, there was a fall in the ratio of about 2 percentage point for males in the consecutive periods, and for females, a fall of about 3 percentage points between 1993-94 and 1999-2000 followed by a rise of nearly 2 percentage points between 1999-2000 and 2004-05. 5.5.3 Education level specific usual status worker-population ratios for persons of age 15 years and above for states and union territories based on the data of the present survey are presented in Statements 5.5.1 and 5.5.2 – Statement 5.5.1 for ‘ps’ workers and Statement 5.5.2 for ‘all’ workers. 5.6 General Educational Level of the Usually Employed (15+) 5.6.1 Per 1000 distribution of the usually employed persons of age 15 years and above (referred to as ‘employed’ in this chapter hereafter) by education category for all-India for both the principal status (ps) workers and ‘all’ workers is presented in Statement 5.6. The corresponding distribution for 1993-94 and 1999-2000 obtained from NSS 50th and 55th round survey results, respectively is also presented in the statement. 5.6.2 During 2004-05, among the ‘employed’ rural males, about 34 per cent were not literate while 19 per cent were educated i.e. with secondary and above educational standard, including diploma/ certificate. On the other hand, among the ‘employed’ rural females, about 66 per cent were not literate while only about 6 per cent were educated. In urban India, an estimated 13 per cent of the ‘employed’ males and about 37 per cent of the ‘employed’ females were not literate. The estimate of the proportion of educated people was much higher in urban areas – with about 45 per cent of the ‘employed’ males and about 31 per cent of the ‘employed’ females reporting themselves as educated. In both the rural and urban areas, there was a rise of about 2 percentage points in the proportion of educated people among the usually employed in 2004-05 compared to that in 1999-2000. Between 1993-94 and 1999-2000, the rise in the corresponding proportion was faster – the rise being 3 percentage points for rural males, 1 percentage point for rural females and 5 percentage points for both urban males and females.



5.7 Distribution of Usually Employed by Status of Employment 5.7.1 As stated earlier in Chapter Two (Concepts & Definitions), employed persons are categorised into three broad groups according to their status of employment. These broad groups are: (i) self-employed, (ii) regular employees and (iii) casual labour. Statement 5.7 shows the per 1000 distribution of usually employed by these broad groups for all- India for both principal status (ps) workers and ‘all’ workers. The statement also gives the results on the corresponding distribution obtained from the earlier quinquennial surveys. Trends in the proportion (per 1000 workers according to usual staus (ps+ss) for differn NSS rounds are presented in Figure 6 and Figure 7 for the rural and urban areas respectively. The discussion below, as before, pertains to ‘all’ workers. 5.7.2 During 2004-05, in rural India, among the usual status (ps+ss) workers (‘all’ workers), about 58 per cent of the males and 64 per cent of females were self-employed.The corresponding proportions in urban India were 45 per cent for males and 48 per cent for

Statement 5.6: Per 1000 distribution of the usually employed of age 15 years and above by education category during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005


1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 general education level ps

wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

ps wor-kers

all workers

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) rural



diploma/ certificate - - - - 10 10 - - - - 5 5

graduate & above 25 26 32 33 38 38 5 4 7 6 10 9

all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 urban



diploma/ certificate - - - - 36 37 - - - - 36 34

graduate & above 143 143 168 168 170 169 126 106 152 139 164 147

all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000



females. Proportion of regular employees was relatively lower among females as compared to males in both rural and urban India. On the other hand, proportion of casual labour was higher among female workers than that among male workers in the urban areas. The proportion of casual labour was about 33 per cent among male as well as female workers in the rural areas.

5.7.3 Change over rounds: For rural males, the proportion of self-employed had fallen from 61 per cent in 1983 to 58 per cent in 2004-05. For females, although the proportion of self-employed also showed a gradual fall, for a long period, from 62 per cent in 1983 to 57 per cent in 1999-2000; it showed a rise of 6 percentage points over 1999-2000 during 2004-05. Interestingly, compared to the self-employed, there has been a corresponding rise and fall in the proportion of casual labour over this period. During this period, though the proportion of regular employed among urban males had fallen by about 3 percentage points, among urban females, there had been an increase in this proportion – by about 10 percentage points.

5.7.4 State-level distribution: The distributions of the usually employed by employment status during 2004-05 (61st round) for different states and union territories are presented in Statement 5.7.1.

Statement 5.7: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed by category of employment during 1983 to 2004-2005

all-India category of employment

NSS round usual status (ps) usual status (ps+ss) (survey period) self- regular casual self- regular casual employed employees labour employed employees labour (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) rural males 61st (2004-05) 576 91 333 581 90 329 55th (1999-00) 544 90 366 550 88 362 50th (1993-94) 567 87 346 577 85 338 43rd (1987-88) 575 104 321 586 100 314 38th (1983) 595 106 299 605 103 292 rural females 61st (2004-05) 564 48 389 637 37 326 55th (1999-00) 500 39 461 573 31 396 50th (1993-94) 513 34 453 586 27 387 43rd (1987-88) 549 49 402 608 37 355 38th (1983) 541 37 422 619 28 353 urban males 61st (2004-05) 446 408 146 448 406 146 55th (1999-00) 412 419 169 415 417 168 50th (1993-94) 411 427 162 417 420 163 43rd (1987-88) 410 444 146 417 437 146 38th (1983) 402 445 153 409 437 154 urban females 61st (2004-05) 404 422 174 477 356 167 55th (1999-00) 384 385 231 453 333 214 50th (1993-94) 372 355 273 458 284 258 43rd (1987-88) 393 342 265 471 275 254 38th (1983) 373 318 309 458 258 284



Fig.6 : Trends in the proportion (per 1000 workers as according to usual status (ps+ss)) of self-employed (SE), regular employees (RE) and casual labours (CL)

over different rounds in rural areas

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2004-05 1999-00 1993-94 1987-88 1983

Year

Pro

port

ion

(per

100

0 w

orke

rs)

SE-RM

RE-RM

CL-RM

SE-RF

RE-RF

CL-RF

SE-UM

Fig.7 :Trends in the proportion (per 1000 workers as according to usual status (ps+ss)) of self-employed (SE), regular employees (RE) and casual labours (CL)

over differnt rounds in urban areas

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2004-05 1999-00 1993-94 1987-88 1983

Year

Por

port

ion

(per

100

0 w

orke

rs) SE-UM

RE-UM

CL-UM

SE-UF

RE-UF

CL-UF



5.7.5 MPCE and status of employment: Statement 5.8 presents the distribution of usually employed (ps+ss) by status of workers for each MPCE class at the all- India level. It is seen that in the rural areas, the proportion of casual labourers is found to be higher in the lower MPCE classes and lower in the higher MPCE. On the other hand, the proportion of both self-employed and regular salaried employees is found to be lower in the lower MPCE classes and higher in the higher MPCE classes. In the urban areas, the pattern is a little different. While, as in the case of rural, the proportion of casual labourers is found to be higher in the lower MPCE classes and lower in the higher MPCE and the proportion of regular salaried employees increases substantially with increase in MPCE, the proportion of self-employed decreases with the increase in MPCE. These patterns are consistent for both the males and females.

Statement 5.8: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed (ps+ss) by status of employment for each MPCE class


MPCE class self-emplo-

yed

regular salaried/

wage employee

casual labour

all worker

self-emplo-

yed

regular salaried/

wage employee

casual labour

all worker

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) rural

less than 235 388 31 581 1000 464 29 507 1000 235 - 270 426 41 533 1000 469 20 510 1000 270 - 320 467 39 494 1000 497 20 483 1000 320 – 365 501 44 455 1000 542 19 439 1000 365 – 410 536 50 414 1000 579 22 399 1000 410 – 455 563 59 378 1000 614 24 362 1000 455 – 510 586 71 344 1000 643 27 330 1000 510 - 580 623 81 296 1000 680 30 291 1000 580 – 690 660 94 245 1000 717 41 242 1000 690 – 890 674 128 198 1000 758 48 194 1000 890 -1155 670 183 146 1000 801 69 130 1000

1155 & above 595 317 87 1000 751 177 73 1000 all classes 581 90 329 1000 636 37 327 1000

urban less than 335 447 172 381 1000 487 193 321 1000

335 – 395 487 201 312 1000 525 167 309 1000 395 - 485 476 235 290 1000 533 173 294 1000 485 - 580 494 278 228 1000 557 216 227 1000 580 - 675 458 333 209 1000 497 299 203 1000 675 - 790 462 378 160 1000 556 285 159 1000 790 - 930 458 417 125 1000 527 345 128 1000

930 - 1100 440 463 97 1000 493 408 99 1000 1100 – 1380 419 523 57 1000 415 511 74 1000 1380 – 1880 406 565 29 1000 348 603 50 1000 1880 - 2540 411 582 7 1000 310 677 13 1000

2540 & above 407 588 5 1000 276 724 0 1000 all classes 448 406 146 1000 476 355 169 1000



5.8 Industrial Distribution of the Usually Employed

5.8.1 As in the earlier quinquennial surveys, for the 61st round survey also, information relating to the sector (industry) of employment in which a person was working has been collected for the persons categorised as employed. In the case of usually employed, this information was collected for both the principal status (ps) as well as subsidiary status (ss) workers. Statement 5.9 shows the distribution of usually employed by industry, separately for usual ‘principal status’ (ps) workers and for ‘all’ workers. In this present survey as well as in the 55th round, NIC 1998 has been used for industry classification. Similar results based on the earlier quinquennial surveys are also presented in the statement. It may be mentioned that in NSS 50th Round NIC 1987 was used, while in NSS 43rd and 38th rounds NIC 1970 was used.

5.8.1.1: A concordance of activity classification between NIC 1970 and NIC 1987, and between NIC 1987 and NIC 1998 is given below in a tabular form.

Concordance between NIC-1970 & NIC-1987 at 1-digit level of industry NIC - 1970

division

industry at the 3-digit level of NIC –1970 to be excluded from the industry division of NIC -

1970

industry at the 3-digit level of NIC –1970 to be included in the industry division of NIC

- 1970

NIC-87 section

0 0 1 1

2 & 3 2 & 3 4 4 5 5 6 821 6 7 7 8 821 8 9 9

Concordance between NIC-1987 & NIC-1998 at 1-digit level of industry NIC-87 section

industry at the 3-digit level of NIC –1987 to be excluded from

the industry section of NIC - 1987

industry at the 3-digit level of NIC –1987 to be included in the industry section of NIC -

1987

NIC-98 tabulation category

0 230 A + B 1 191, 199 C

2 & 3 398, 394, 230 964 D 4 E 5 191, 199 F

6 398, 840, 841, 970 to 975, 979

G+H

7 733 - 736 I 8 840, 841, 897 394, 733 to 736, 922, 963 J + K 9 922, 963, 964, 970 to 975, 979 897 L + M + N + O

+ P + Q



It may be noted that the changes in the activity classification across rounds at one digit level of industry is nominal and thus, comparison can fairly be made over the rounds at the one digit level. This fact may be taken into account in measuring the changes of workforce at one digit level over rounds. 5.8.2 Rural areas: The statement shows that, during 2004-05, in rural India, among ‘all’ usually employed, about 67 per cent of the males and 83 per cent of the females were engaged in the agricultural sector. The proportion of males engaged in the agricultural activities gradually fell from 81 per cent in 1977-78 to 71 per cent in 1999-2000, and then to 67 per cent in 2004-05. On the other hand, in the case of female workers, the proportion engaged in the agricultural activities decreased from 88 per cent in 1977-78 to 83 per cent in 2004-05. It was 85 per cent in 1999-2000. Over the years, in rural India, there has been an increase in the proportion of males engaged in ‘trade, hotel and restaurant’, ‘transport, storage and communications’ and ‘construction’. 5.8.3 Urban areas: In urban India, the ‘trade, hotel and restaurant' sector engaged about 28 per cent of the male workers while ‘manufacturing’ and ‘services’ sectors accounted for nearly 24 and 21 per cent respectively of the usually employed males. Next to these three sectors, ‘transport, storage and communications’, ‘construction’ and ‘agriculture’ sectors provided employment to about 11, 9 and 6 per cent respectively of the urban male workers. On the other hand, for urban females, ‘services’ sector accounted for the highest proportion (36 per cent) of the total usually employed, followed by ‘manufacturing’ (28 per cent) and ‘agriculture’ (18 per cent). Since 1977-78, the proportion of urban females employed in agricultural sector fell by about 14 percentage points – and in ‘manufacturing’ by 1 percentage point. Note that the proportion of urban females employed in ‘manufacturing’ sector increased from 24 per cent in 1999-2000 to 28 percent in 2004-05. Regarding other sectors, the proportion for urban females showed a rise of about 4 percentage points in ‘trade, hotel and restaurant’ and as high as 10 percentage points in ‘services’ sectors since 1977-78. The ‘trade, hotel and restaurant’ sector, which accounted for about 9 per cent of urban female employment in 1972-73 and 17 per cent in 1999-2000, revealed a fall in its share by about 5 percentage points during 2004-05. 5.8.4. State-level distribution: The per 1000 distributions of usually employed in the ‘principal status’ (ps) and in the ‘principal as well as subsidiary status’ (‘all’ workers) by industry for each state and union territory are presented in Statements 5.9.1 and 5.9.2 respectively.



Statement 5.9: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed persons by broad industry division (NIC 1998) during 1983 to 2004-2005

all-India broad NSS round rural urban industry (survey period) male female male

female

division ps all ps all ps all ps all (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) agriculture 61st (2004-05) 662 665 814 833 60 61 147 181 55th (1999-00) 712 714 841 854 65 66 146 177 50th (1993-94) 737 741 847 862 87 90 193 247 43rd (1987-88) 739 745 825 847 85 91 218 294 38th (1983) 772 775 862 875 97 103 255 310 32nd (1977-78) 804 806 868 881 102 106 251 319

61st (2004-05) 6 6 4 3 9 9 2 2 mining & quarrying 55th (1999-00) 6 6 4 3 9 9 4 4 50th (1993-94) 7 7 5 4 13 13 7 6 43rd (1987-88) 7 7 5 4 13 13 9 8 38th (1983) 6 6 4 3 12 12 8 6 32nd (1977-78) 5 5 3 2 9 9 6 5

61st (2004-05) 80 79 87 84 236 235 254 282 manufacturing 55th (1999-00) 73 73 77 76 225 224 232 240

50th (1993-94) 70 70 75 70 236 235 236 241 43rd (1987-88) 76 74 75 69 260 257 269 270 38th (1983) 71 70 65 64 270 268 260 267 32nd (1977-78) 65 64 61 59 276 276 294 296

61st (2004-05) 2 2 0 0 8 8 2 2 55th (1999-00) 2 2 - - 8 8 2 2

electricity, water, etc.

50th (1993-94) 3 3 - - 12 12 3 3 43rd (1987-88) 3 3 - - 12 12 3 2 38th (1983) 2 2 - - 11 11 2 2 32nd (1977-78) 2 2 - - 11 11 1 1

construction 61st (2004-05) 69 68 17 15 93 92 45 38 55th (1999-00) 45 45 12 11 88 87 55 48 50th (1993-94) 33 32 11 9 70 69 49 41 43rd (1987-88) 27 37 32 27 58 58 43 37 38th (1983) 23 22 9 7 51 51 37 31 32nd (1977-78) 17 17 7 6 42 42 26 22

61st (2004-05) 83 83 28 25 281 280 131 122 55th (1999-00) 68 68 23 20 293 294 164 169

trade, hotel & restaurant

50th (1993-94) 55 55 22 21 219 219 107 100 43rd (1987-88) 52 51 24 21 215 215 109 98 38th (1983) 44 44 22 19 202 203 99 95 32nd (1977-78) 40 40 23 20 216 216 98 87

61st (2004-05) 39 38 2 2 107 107 16 14 55th (1999-00) 32 32 1 1 104 104 20 18 50th (1993-94) 22 22 1 1 98 97 15 13

transport, storage & communications

43rd (1987-88) 21 20 1 1 98 97 12 9 38th (1983) 17 17 1 1 101 99 17 15 32nd (1977-78) 13 12 1 1 98 98 12 10 other services 61st (2004-05) 59 59 46 39 207 208 402 359 55th (1999-00) 61 61 43 37 209 210 378 342 50th (1993-94) 71 70 40 34 264 264 388 350 43rd (1987-88) 64 62 37 30 253 252 336 278 38th (1983) 62 61 34 28 248 248 314 266 32nd (1977-78) 54 53 37 30 245 243 311 260 all X 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000



5.9 Estimates of Employed According to Current Status 5.9.1 The usual status approach adopted for classification of the population is unable to capture the changes in the activity pattern caused by seasonal fluctuations. But the estimates obtained by adopting the current weekly status (cws) and current daily status (cds) approaches are expected to reflect the overall effect caused by the intermittent changes in the activity pattern during the year. The latter reflects also the changes that take place even during a week. The estimates of the employed based on current weekly status give the general picture of employment in a period of 7 days while those based on current daily status give the general picture of employment on a day. The difference between the cws and cds rates indicates the underemployment of those who had some employment in the week. Statement 5.10 gives the relevant estimates of the employed according to current weekly status and current daily status for all- India based on the seven quinquennial surveys. 5.9.2 It is observed that compared to last quinquennial survey (NSS 55th round), the rates in the current statuses obtained from the present survey have increased in both the rural and urban areas, and also for the males and females. It may be noted that the difference between the WPRs according to cws and cds is quite substantial in the rural areas, particularly among female workers (5 to 6 percentage points) since 1993-94. This indicates that the underemployment among those who had some employment in the week has considerably increased in the rural areas and particularly, among female workers.

Statement 5.10: Number of persons employed per 1000 persons (WPR) according to current weekly status and current daily status during 1972-73 to 2004-2005

all-India round cws cds (year) rural urban rural urban male female male female male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 61st (2004-05) 524 275 537 152 488 216 519 133 55th (1999-00) 510 253 509 128 478 204 490 111 50th (1993-94) 531 267 511 139 504 219 496 120 43rd (1987-88) 504 220 492 119 501 207 477 110 38th (1983) 511 227 492 118 482 198 473 106 32nd (1977-78) 519 232 490 125 488 194 472 109 27th (1972-73) 530 277 491 123 503 231 477 108 5.9.3 State-level estimates: The proportions of persons employed according to current weekly status and current daily status per 1000 persons by sex and residence for each state and union territory are presented in Statement 5.10.1.



5.10 Daily Wage Rates

5.10.1 Regular wage/salaried persons: Data on the average wage earnings per day received by regular wage/salaried persons and casual labourers during each of the seven days of the reference week were collected in this survey. Statement 5.11 presents the average daily wage/ salaried earnings of the regular wage /salaried persons of age 15-59 years for each educational category at all-India level. In Figure 8, wage rate for regular wage/ salaried employees of age 15-59 years are presented. It is seen from the statement that at the all- India level, apart from the rural-urban differences, the gender differential is quite pronounced in the daily wage earnings of the regular wage/salaried persons. The difference in the wage rates gets manifold across educational levels of the regular wage earners: the wage increases sharply with the increase in the level of education and is found to be highest among the regular wage earners with educational level graduates and above. The statement shows that while the daily wage earnings of a regular wage/salaried person in the rural areas was, on an average, Rs. 134; it was, in the urban areas, Rs. 194 - nearly one-and-a-half times the wage of his/her counterparts in the rural areas. Secondly, a male regular wage earner earned nearly 1.7 times that of a female regular wage earner in the rural areas, and about 1.3 times in the urban areas.

Statement 5.11: Average wage/ salary earnings (Rs. 0.00) per day received by regular wage/ salaried employees (activity status codes: 31, 71, 72) of age 15-59 years for different broad general education level

all-India rural urban general education

level male female person male female person (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) not literate 72.47 35.74 60.42 98.79 48.70 77.34 literate and up to primary 98.59 47.75 91.23 111.44 64.79 105.16 secondary & higher secondary 158.04 100.19 148.39 182.58 150.41 178.29 diploma/ certificate 214.38 200.40 211.13 274.87 237.02 267.11 graduate and above 270.02 172.70 253.19 366.76 269.17 344.14 all 144.93 85.53 133.81 203.28 153.19 193.73

Fig. 8 : Wage rate (Rs.) for regular wage/salaried employees of age 15-59 years by level of education

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

not l

itera

te

liter

ate

and

upto

prim

ary

seco

ndar

y &

high

erse

cond

ary

dipl

oma/

certi

ficat

e

grad

uate

and

abov

e

all

Level of general education

Wag

e (R

s.)

RMRF

UM

UF



5.10.1.1 State and union territories: Statement 5.11.1 presents the average daily wage/ salaried earnings of the regular wage /salaried persons for the states and union territories. All-India features are observed among the states and union territories. There is a significant divergence in the wage rates across the states. Among the rural areas of major states, Haryana reported the highest wage earnings of Rs. 230 and Madhya Pradesh reported the lowest wage earnings of Rs. 88 for their regular wage employees. In the urban areas, among the major states, Himachal Pradesh (Rs. 282) reported the highest wage rate and Haryana (Rs.157) reported the lowest wage rate. It may be noted that contrary to all other states, the wage rate for the regular wage earners is found to be lower in urban Haryana than that in rural Haryana. 5.10.2 Casual Labourers: Statement 5.11.2 presents the wage rates for those casual labourers of age 15-59 years engaged in public works in rural areas for different states/ union territories and all-India. As seen from the statement, sample size in terms of person-days worked is rather low in many major states. At the all India level, the average daily wage-rate of casual labourers engaged in public works was Rs. 65.33 for males and Rs. 49.19 for females. 5.10.2.1 Casual labourers in other types of work: The sample size in terms of person-days worked was, however, much more when casual labourers engaged in other types of work, i.e. engaged in works other than public works, were considered. The daily wage-rates for casual labours of age 15-59 years engaged in works other than public works for different states and union territories are shown in Statement 5.11.3. 5.10.2.2 Rural areas: In general, the average wage rates for the males are higher than those for the females, and higher in the urban areas that in the rural areas. In rural areas, among the major states, the average daily wage rate for male workers was the highest in Kerala (Rs. 134.86), followed by Jammu & Kashmir (Rs. 100.24), Himachal Pradesh (Rs. 88.88), Haryana (Rs. 75.26) and Punjab (Rs. 75.14); and was lowest in Chhattisgarh (Rs. 37.60), preceded by Madhya Pradesh (Rs. 38.58), Orissa (Rs. 42.29) and Bihar (Rs. 45.41). For female workers, the rate was the highest again in Kerala (Rs. 65.75), followed by Himachal Pradesh (Rs. 62.00) and Haryana (Rs. 59.34). The average wage rate for famale casual labourers was lowest in Maharashtra (Rs. 28.16). The other similarly palced states were Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh where the wage rate for famale casual labourers was less than Rs 31.00. 5.10.2.3 Urban areas: In urban areas, among the major states, the average daily wage rate for male workers was the highest in Kerala (Rs. 137.00), followed by Jammu & Kashmir (Rs. 111.82) and Punjab (Rs. 83.90). For female workers, the rate was the highest in Bihar (Rs. 81.91), followed by Jammu & Kashmir (Rs. 81.01), Kerala (Rs. 66.96) and Himachal Pradesh (Rs. 65.92). It may be noted that for female workers, the wage rate is found to be even higher than that for the male workers in urban Bihar. Incidentally, the examination of primary data relating to urban Bihar revealed that a female casual labour who reported to have worked in a private household (NIC – 98 Division 95) earned Rs. 2000 for the week. For female workers in the urban areas, among the major states, wage rate was very low for Chhattisgarh (Rs. 32.43), West Bengal (Rs. 32.95) and Orissa (Rs. 33.00). 5.11 Self-employed Persons Who Reported Their Earnings as Remunerative 5.11.1 In this survey, information was collected, for the first time, to identify the self-employed persons, according to usual status (ps+ss), whose current earnings form all the self-



employment activities during the last 365 days was, according to their perception, remunerative. Moreover, for the self-employed, the amount of earnings from the self-employment activities that was regarded by them as remunerative has also been collected. Statement 5.12 presents the proportion (per 1000) of the self-employed persons who reported their current earnings from all self-employment activities as remunerative, and their distribution over the amount of earnings regarded as remunerative by them. 5.11.2 It is important to note that earning of the self-employed was judged considering all his/her farm and non-farm business together, in which he/she was engaged in the self-employment capacity during the last 365 days, either in the principal or subsidiary status or in both. The current earnings from self-employment was regarded as remunerative if total earnings from self-employment were able to meet the desired level of income of the individual under the existing situation in respect of type of activity, scale of operation of the business(s), market condition, location of the business, etc. In case, the actual earnings from the self-employment activities were short of the desired level, the employment was not considered as remunerative. 5.11.3 It is seen from the statement that about 51 per cent of the self-employed in the rural areas regarded their current earnings as remunerative, and the proportion was about 7 percentage points higher among the self-employed in the urban areas. Among them in the rural areas, while about 21 per cent regarded an amount of even Rs. 1000 or less per month as remunerative, about 42 per cent regarded Rs. 2000 or more per month as remunerative. The corresponding proportions among the self-employed who reported their earning from self-employment as remunerative, in the urban areas, were 10 per cent and 68 per cent, respectivly. The gender differential in the overall proportion is almost nil in the rural areas, but is of the order of about 10 percentage points in the urban areas. However, a larger proportion of the self-employed females compared to the males, who reported their earning from self-employment as remunerative, regarded earnings even less than Rs. 1000 per month as remunerative.

Statement 5.12: Number of self-employed persons according to usual status (ps+ss) reporting their earning from self-employment as remunerative per 1000 of self-employed persons and their per 1000 distribution by amount (Rs.) regarded as remunerative

all-india per 1000 distribution of self-employed persons reporting

earning as remunerative by amount (Rs.) regarded as remunerative

category of persons

no. per 1000 of self-employed

persons reporting

earning as remunerative

0 -

1000

1001 -

1500

1501 -

2000

2001 -

2500

2501 -

3000

more than 3000

all (incl. n.r.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) rural male 511 129 175 165 114 129 273 1000 rural female 514 342 235 154 89 72 99 1000 rural person 512 212 197 160 105 107 205 1000 urban male 609 49 82 99 72 122 565 1000 urban female 509 328 202 126 77 81 183 1000 urban person 586 104 106 104 74 115 489 1000



5.12 Voluntarily Participated in Production of Goods and Services 5.12.1 This information was collected from those members of the households who were found not employed, i.e., were out of work-force according to usual principal status and also

in the subsidiary status. For the purpose of survey, the production of goods and services meant those activities that were economic in nature when they were done for pay or profit or family gain. Moreover, voluntary participation meant that a person performed any of such activities without coercion or obligation but participated in his/her volition, and without remuneration. Note that minor contingencies/ honorarium received from the institution/ organisation against the voluntary work done was not considered as remuneration. The results obtained from the survey

are presented in Statement 5.13 at all- India level. It may be seen from the statement that merely 1 per cent of the non-working people in the rural areas had participated voluntarily in the production of goods and services at least for 30 days during the period of 365 days preceding the date of survey. The proportion is found to be much less than 1 per cent in the urban areas. Secondly, among the people who participated voluntarily in the production of goods and services, in the rural areas, a large proportion were engaged in the production of goods (76 per cent) and remaining were engaged in the production of services. The corresponding proportion was much lower at 25 per cent in the urban areas where a majority was engaged in the production of services. Using these results, one may attempt to adjust the worker-population-ratio (WPR) considering ‘voluntary production of goods’ or ‘voluntary production of services’ or both as economic activity. However, it appears that the effect of adjustment may not be significant.

Statement 5.13: Number of persons participated in voluntarily production of goods and services per 1000 non workers according to the usual status (ps+ss), and number of persons participated in the production of goods per 1000 persons who participated in voluntarily production of goods and services

all-India category of persons

no. participated in voluntary

production per 1000 non workers

no. participated in production of goods

only per 1000 persons participated in

voluntarily production (1) (2) (3)

rural male 7 597 female 11 790 person 10 759

urban male 6 216 female 3 268 persons 4 245



Statement 5.1.1: Number of persons usually employed in the principal status (ps) and in the principal as well as subsidiary status (all) per 1000 persons for each state and u.t.

rural male female persons state/u.t. ps

workers all

workers ps

workers all

workers ps

workers all

workers (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 596 605 448 483 522 544 Arunachal Pradesh 499 500 408 410 456 458 Assam 539 551 114 209 340 391 Bihar 469 477 88 138 287 316 Chhattisgarh 555 565 406 454 480 509 Delhi 516 516 26 47 302 311 Goa 521 524 152 188 322 342 Gujarat 586 593 305 427 450 513 Haryana 513 522 114 317 322 424 Himachal Pradesh 518 555 390 506 453 530 Jammu & Kashmir 534 552 72 267 313 416 Jharkhand 529 535 238 313 387 427 Karnataka 617 623 417 459 518 542 Kerala 524 559 178 256 343 400 Madhya Pradesh 538 544 311 366 430 459 Maharashtra 553 566 423 474 490 521 Manipur 512 524 250 351 384 440 Megahlaya 563 572 464 478 514 525 Mizoram 583 594 421 441 507 521 Nagaland 478 549 368 504 425 527 Orissa 574 586 214 322 392 452 Punjab 542 549 42 322 303 440 Rajasthan 504 510 269 407 389 459 Sikkim 552 554 317 318 441 443 Tamil Nadu 591 597 438 461 513 528 Tripura 547 549 75 85 318 323 Uttaranchal 494 523 308 427 399 474 Uttar Pradesh 477 496 123 240 304 371 West Bengal 563 574 102 178 336 379 A & N Islands 584 632 143 243 369 442 Chandigarh 602 602 54 54 388 388 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 546 547 243 478 410 516 Daman & Diu 579 591 142 168 384 402 Lakshadweep 591 611 40 50 363 379 Pondicherry 552 569 317 361 430 461 all-India 535 546 242 327 391 439



Statement 5.1.1: Number of persons usually employed in the principal status (ps) and in the principal as well as subsidiary status (all) per 1000 persons for each state and u.t.

urban male female persons state/u.t. ps

workers all

workers ps

workers all

workers ps

workers all

workers (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 556 560 211 224 383 392 Arunachal Pradesh 458 461 146 148 317 319 Assam 540 551 78 109 315 336 Bihar 446 452 46 65 259 272 Chhattisgarh 521 529 152 181 346 364 Delhi 531 535 81 88 328 334 Goa 529 534 179 188 356 363 Gujarat 573 578 119 151 360 377 Haryana 506 511 75 132 310 339 Himachal Pradesh 609 619 204 241 435 456 Jammu & Kashmir 519 526 75 112 310 331 Jharkhand 464 472 112 134 297 311 Karnataka 572 576 169 181 378 386 Kerala 514 547 149 200 329 371 Madhya Pradesh 518 525 127 154 331 347 Maharashtra 548 560 162 190 365 384 Manipur 452 456 167 221 309 338 Megahlaya 443 454 296 303 364 373 Mizoram 480 484 277 281 379 383 Nagaland 437 457 191 257 322 364 Orissa 500 504 125 148 321 334 Punjab 569 572 94 133 345 365 Rajasthan 502 508 121 182 316 349 Sikkim 545 545 166 168 368 369 Tamil Nadu 588 593 227 241 409 418 Tripura 503 504 90 100 293 298 Uttaranchal 513 519 94 127 313 332 Uttar Pradesh 516 524 72 117 305 331 West Bengal 583 595 103 155 354 384 A & N Islands 565 578 130 155 361 379 Chandigarh 510 512 142 142 342 343 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 689 689 62 194 389 452 Daman & Diu 652 652 201 225 401 415 Lakshadweep 389 436 73 108 232 274 Pondicherry 533 536 138 154 334 343 all-India 541 549 135 166 346 365



Statement 5.2.1: Age-specific usual principal worker population ratio for each state and u.t.

rural male state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(0+) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) Andhra Pradesh 8 108 581 885 968 987 984 963 967 942 896 525 596 Arunachal Pradesh 0 25 276 698 921 942 918 961 962 957 895 704 499 Assam 1 50 384 730 935 971 987 994 984 972 960 664 539 Bihar 0 33 434 812 963 985 994 984 982 980 962 721 469 Chhattisgarh 3 61 490 877 951 978 978 985 982 982 929 659 555 Delhi 0 0 255 902 808 1000 1000 1000 1000 792 0 682 516 Goa 0 111 133 711 774 945 1000 977 987 862 226 240 521 Gujarat 1 52 608 868 968 991 997 996 984 980 924 608 586 Haryana 0 26 309 768 953 962 991 968 979 952 861 474 513 Himachal Pradesh 2 15 188 629 897 984 981 977 986 990 937 708 518 Jammu & Kashmir 0 27 214 690 938 979 988 995 993 968 951 796 534 Jharkhand 4 42 433 836 958 980 995 983 990 986 955 673 529 Karnataka 5 93 559 893 983 977 988 983 989 947 939 603 617 Kerala 0 3 176 679 876 906 952 949 932 890 740 496 524 Madhya Pradesh 1 42 522 874 974 984 998 989 989 962 969 673 538 Maharashtra 1 59 433 799 960 979 988 972 970 949 906 605 553 Manipur 3 8 123 451 809 943 990 997 960 992 965 773 512 Megahlaya 0 106 570 862 982 999 1000 1000 998 995 963 721 563 Mizoram 8 23 414 858 952 998 1000 993 1000 1000 1000 696 583 Nagaland 0 12 89 388 734 921 993 989 968 957 989 765 478 Orissa 4 84 553 815 942 967 972 983 972 955 911 567 574 Punjab 1 40 453 807 906 986 977 977 967 952 916 587 542 Rajasthan 3 62 448 845 975 981 995 990 977 980 951 617 504 Sikkim 0 29 270 683 959 997 997 1000 994 1000 952 705 552 Tamil Nadu 0 21 414 840 970 975 985 966 977 958 922 581 591 Tripura 0 32 305 628 857 946 991 988 991 987 966 569 547 Uttaranchal 0 55 275 658 914 976 979 990 982 963 935 762 494 Uttar Pradesh 1 53 425 815 962 983 988 984 987 968 956 726 477 West Bengal 0 61 464 810 954 971 979 978 966 937 907 601 563 A & N Islands 0 0 190 698 931 970 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 431 584 Chandigarh 0 0 550 900 1000 988 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 820 602 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 0 1 171 987 996 991 1000 1000 1000 970 1000 835 546 Daman & Diu 0 16 334 910 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 274 820 579 Lakshadweep 0 4 423 863 877 1000 1000 1000 967 1000 514 706 591 Pondicherry 0 0 240 739 723 938 1000 1000 1000 822 809 698 552 all-India 2 54 453 820 956 977 986 979 977 958 924 630 535




rural female state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all





rural person state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all





urban male state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(0+) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)

Andhra Pradesh 0 62 382 660 905 981 967 962 982 934 752 301 556 Arunachal Pradesh 36 16 54 310 900 886 978 988 1000 904 982 357 458 Assam 2 14 249 506 720 956 957 968 992 991 922 313 540 Bihar 0 41 264 442 739 899 965 995 960 987 939 450 446 Chhattisgarh 0 77 302 519 856 886 989 964 959 921 847 391 521 Delhi 0 7 223 686 875 1000 988 965 1000 915 707 209 531 Goa 0 13 151 770 672 871 974 961 1000 981 661 243 529 Gujarat 5 36 403 771 932 976 978 970 988 873 870 347 573 Haryana 0 19 261 657 954 959 991 982 960 960 794 330 506 Himachal Pradesh 0 0 402 748 886 973 1000 1000 1000 1000 925 466 609 Jammu & Kashmir 0 2 116 695 814 931 978 994 995 1000 894 488 519 Jharkhand 3 42 158 351 788 887 916 977 949 887 916 349 464 Karnataka 0 20 394 711 947 980 990 988 980 912 762 332 572 Kerala 0 4 221 613 854 928 942 952 924 850 704 367 514 Madhya Pradesh 0 29 329 664 911 975 978 978 968 972 836 502 518 Maharashtra 0 22 290 675 927 970 981 978 943 899 776 302 548 Manipur 0 5 52 295 703 914 971 985 994 990 942 528 452 Megahlaya 2 0 127 493 778 979 986 987 886 851 872 103 443 Mizoram 0 0 138 498 889 957 956 997 977 946 987 413 480 Nagaland 0 0 123 262 725 992 1000 1000 1000 945 874 412 437 Orissa 0 41 229 497 867 941 981 985 983 950 658 284 500 Punjab 0 25 351 731 923 963 992 982 976 924 884 421 569 Rajasthan 2 83 302 731 914 978 950 978 970 943 876 385 502 Sikkim 0 3 137 738 888 936 1000 1000 1000 1000 545 497 545 Tamil Nadu 0 24 357 675 948 960 981 975 969 902 795 357 588 Tripura 0 21 107 409 641 882 924 988 969 916 671 233 503 Uttaranchal 0 9 242 679 829 994 998 998 979 990 948 356 513 Uttar Pradesh 5 85 371 681 892 977 977 981 954 978 865 471 516 West Bengal 5 85 262 622 854 948 966 986 953 916 914 319 583 A & N Islands 0 0 215 420 887 904 958 997 1000 937 882 302 565 Chandigarh 0 21 153 469 820 968 1000 1000 1000 947 625 354 510 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 0 0 213 1000 1000 985 1000 1000 1000 1000 966 700 689 Daman & Diu 0 46 73 953 958 863 971 950 1000 972 951 203 652 Lakshadweep 0 0 0 376 694 821 1000 947 1000 972 893 552 389 Pondicherry 0 9 115 646 854 991 991 1000 953 960 759 301 533 all-India 2 44 314 662 900 965 975 977 965 925 819 355 541



Statement 5.2.1: Age-specific usual principal worker population ratio for each state and u.t .

urban female state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(0+) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)





urban person state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(0+) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)




Statement 5.2.2: Age-specific usual worker (principal & subsidiary status taken together) population ratio for each state and u.t. rural male state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(0+) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)




Statement 5.2.2: Age-specific usual worker (principal & subsidiary status taken together) population ratio for each state and u.t. rural female state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(0+) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)




Statement 5.2.2: Age-specific usual worker (principal & subsidiary status taken together) population ratio for each state and u.t. rural person state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(0+) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)




Statement 5.2.2: Age-specific usual worker (principal & subsidiary status taken together) population ratio for each state and u.t. urban male state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(0+) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)




Statement 5.2.2: Age-specific usual worker (principal & subsidiary status taken together) population ratio for each state and u.t. urban female state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all




Statement 5.2.2: Age-specific usual worker (principal & subsidiary status taken together) population ratio for each state and u.t. urban person state/u.t. age group (in years) 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 &

above all

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14)

Andhra Pradesh 0 58 289 445 607 720 692 703 636 644 504 218 392 Arunachal Pradesh 20 26 81 255 544 510 634 772 739 737 637 193 319 Assam 2 17 180 335 442 578 632 654 703 579 557 166 336 Bihar 0 26 162 308 450 459 615 583 581 614 590 303 272 Chhattis garh 0 51 221 336 632 616 630 633 661 627 622 307 364 Delhi 0 6 146 455 584 596 610 636 663 470 391 109 334 Goa 0 21 158 413 590 618 690 624 642 479 435 156 363 Gujarat 3 33 300 500 608 629 671 637 637 517 548 179 377 Haryana 0 16 213 439 542 621 656 663 648 617 426 181 339 Himachal Pradesh 0 8 227 493 715 711 756 882 718 857 778 351 456 Jammu & Kashmir 0 81 143 464 528 497 554 596 662 560 474 273 331 Jharkhand 9 35 122 258 472 622 626 626 577 602 564 252 311 Karnataka 0 20 275 497 618 698 665 679 622 604 471 208 386 Kerala 0 6 153 457 541 569 608 660 658 653 492 310 371 Madhya Pradesh 0 31 248 468 562 607 663 648 671 661 533 310 347 Maharashtra 0 17 239 485 618 664 710 694 623 640 527 199 384 Manipur 1 12 93 286 492 513 714 619 763 684 722 414 338 Megahlaya 9 86 177 382 604 796 790 654 789 745 777 78 373 Mizoram 0 2 119 411 611 658 706 815 792 776 840 295 383 Nagaland 0 14 126 298 622 732 781 852 726 866 428 382 364 Orissa 0 34 175 298 521 623 613 707 671 659 418 196 334 Punjab 0 20 224 470 601 631 645 585 672 579 600 228 365 Rajasthan 2 61 254 517 604 704 650 701 678 631 604 236 349 Sikkim 0 53 109 465 576 535 773 578 826 848 320 285 369 Tamil Nadu 0 29 286 499 609 684 715 658 716 646 523 237 418 Tripura 0 36 86 187 338 566 555 572 546 659 493 134 298 Uttaranchal 0 9 185 442 486 626 575 622 639 641 623 249 332 Uttar Pradesh 8 80 276 432 588 575 618 630 602 622 591 305 331 West Bengal 13 79 231 482 556 587 607 670 556 596 537 192 384 A & N Islands 0 12 149 354 576 619 579 716 654 666 659 165 379 Chandigarh 0 13 103 325 472 583 629 663 677 669 327 226 343 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 0 156 186 549 596 855 898 491 694 587 973 239 452 Daman & Diu 0 19 57 357 750 685 490 545 717 577 812 88 415 Lakshadweep 0 0 88 326 532 391 538 670 444 438 545 472 274 Pondicherry 0 6 86 417 461 606 569 725 669 754 345 246 343 all-India 3 41 241 458 586 633 658 661 638 616 532 228 365



Statement 5.4.1: Number of persons employed per 1000 persons (WPR) according to usual status (ps+ss) in different MPCE classes for each state and u.t.

rural male monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t . less

than 235

235 -

270

270 -

320

320 -

365

365 -

410

410 -

455

455 -

510

510 -

580

580 -

690

690 -

890

890 -

1155

1155 &

above

all classes

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) Andhra Pradesh 306 563 533 554 557 613 646 620 627 653 696 654 605 Arunachal Pradesh 426 419 386 413 477 451 517 465 504 533 541 654 500 Assam 420 381 511 502 537 538 533 572 571 583 578 687 551 Bihar 356 392 433 450 462 477 498 541 541 602 592 620 477 Chhattisgarh 533 503 578 537 533 560 623 611 579 575 660 638 565 Delhi 0 0 200 0 0 500 269 385 454 487 630 702 516 Goa 0 0 500 0 465 360 435 486 590 658 480 501 524 Gujarat 337 439 490 489 501 577 575 604 619 670 654 689 593 Haryana 333 232 416 386 488 470 559 466 510 535 537 607 522 Himachal Pradesh 390 217 459 436 471 575 515 533 554 563 604 612 555 Jammu & Kashmir 1000 500 431 511 509 450 550 527 583 566 572 534 552 Jharkhand 424 438 494 519 547 524 568 622 611 546 628 458 535 Karnataka 504 529 597 584 590 564 627 642 707 698 743 736 623 Kerala 361 390 456 406 508 458 567 503 552 584 579 621 559 Madhya Pradesh 475 487 486 515 533 588 562 606 581 586 665 615 544 Maharashtra 411 484 507 528 530 594 564 596 601 627 597 608 566 Manipur 408 0 844 563 533 560 570 545 493 514 508 437 524 Megahlaya 427 0 0 594 307 523 509 497 554 639 644 770 572 Mizoram 500 0 596 456 511 386 636 563 573 600 618 676 594 Nagaland 0 0 250 0 600 0 333 529 592 533 547 567 549 Orissa 497 558 606 587 611 590 617 588 638 631 651 675 586 Punjab 250 436 493 477 451 470 508 548 541 581 561 585 549 Rajasthan 407 355 436 438 466 501 468 525 532 575 603 567 510 Sikkim 380 344 410 465 436 553 511 558 568 588 581 607 554 Tamil Nadu 355 509 504 493 508 591 644 635 643 696 710 606 597 Tripura 494 449 522 534 545 551 503 603 572 609 546 555 549 Uttaranchal 209 361 424 415 559 481 494 533 564 536 595 599 523 Uttar Pradesh 362 416 420 463 474 465 495 523 541 593 607 610 496 West Bengal 445 440 522 526 541 547 601 606 617 625 691 602 574 A & N Islands 1000 0 0 500 500 703 564 636 614 616 707 606 632 Chandigarh 0 0 0 365 0 0 1000 496 390 578 798 747 602 Dadra & Nagar 0 870 253 391 369 589 571 789 589 483 660 854 547 Daman & Diu 0 0 0 0 1000 369 878 707 513 438 566 744 591 Lakshadweep 0 0 978 0 125 587 0 647 556 458 867 615 611 Pondicherry 0 0 732 384 482 491 483 434 600 773 607 736 569 all India 424 465 489 501 515 530 553 571 583 609 622 618 546




rural female monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 235

235 -

270

270 -

320

320 -

365

365 -

410

410 -

455

455 -

510

510 -

580

580 -

690

690 -

890

890 -

1155

1155 &

above

all classes





rural person monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 235

235 -

270

270 -

320

320 -

365

365 -

410

410 -

455

455 -

510

510 -

580

580 -

690

690 -

890

890 -

1155

1155 &

above

all classes

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) Andhra Pradesh 336 494 510 504 532 564 593 564 559 548 586 522 544 Arunachal Pradesh 457 439 336 397 429 428 433 441 472 484 502 545 458 Assam 226 245 337 336 375 389 379 392 412 431 461 523 391 Bihar 230 265 280 297 321 336 330 352 346 374 375 419 316 Chhattisgarh 501 461 508 490 494 519 538 567 535 488 514 490 509 Delhi 0 0 143 0 0 111 175 253 260 314 432 456 311 Goa 0 0 375 0 226 314 340 242 421 414 356 295 342 Gujarat 295 412 444 466 460 533 517 533 515 551 561 506 513 Haryana 247 241 297 340 343 367 432 406 420 438 465 473 424 Himachal Pradesh 313 280 417 427 447 485 487 511 536 551 599 571 530 Jammu & Kashmir 1000 264 362 368 387 326 371 414 449 422 434 404 416 Jharkhand 348 365 373 432 421 444 435 479 493 461 473 335 427 Karnataka 456 437 492 531 532 542 563 561 592 594 577 498 542 Kerala 270 269 380 264 301 317 401 361 391 413 411 473 400 Madhya Pradesh 407 426 433 444 464 500 472 482 481 460 510 481 459 Maharashtra 427 421 471 514 504 541 532 552 554 571 513 481 521 Manipur 325 0 665 530 472 450 473 464 411 418 435 402 440 Megahlaya 437 0 0 327 350 487 471 466 505 587 620 614 525 Mizoram 600 0 368 376 429 393 529 472 523 517 561 584 521 Nagaland 0 0 143 0 625 0 500 432 534 541 541 492 527 Orissa 446 478 494 458 459 402 440 404 433 430 427 444 452 Punjab 429 187 347 385 353 378 389 428 429 466 473 482 440 Rajasthan 389 370 379 403 421 452 428 473 468 525 541 502 459 Sikkim 539 378 312 376 371 433 429 420 477 454 471 476 443 Tamil Nadu 358 425 462 461 483 529 556 561 581 594 572 501 528 Tripura 291 253 289 322 319 321 326 344 322 364 321 415 323 Uttaranchal 212 312 381 384 443 447 465 492 537 491 529 451 474 Uttar Pradesh 271 311 317 344 360 364 374 389 391 446 448 451 371 West Bengal 315 289 344 357 346 369 404 395 418 419 420 384 379 A & N Islands 1000 0 0 333 333 461 336 408 440 447 451 493 442 Chandigarh 0 0 0 160 0 0 200 382 218 352 616 528 388 Dadra & Nagar 0 554 251 386 413 598 547 711 564 467 497 697 516 Daman & Diu 0 0 0 0 100

0 350 477 414 337 283 458 522 402

Lakshadweep 0 0 923 0 100 370 0 436 348 248 454 391 379 Pondicherry 250 0 492 387 465 429 397 328 562 606 470 371 461 all India 364 377 392 406 417 434 446 457 466 487 492 476 439




urban male monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 335

335 -

395

395 -

485

485 -

580

580 -

675

675 -

790

790 -

930

930 -

1100

1100 -

1380

1380 -

1880

1880 -

2540

2540 &

above

all classes





urban female monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 335

335 -

395

395 -

485

485 -

580

580 -

675

675 -

790

790 -

930

930 -

1100

1100 -

1380

1380 -

1880

1880 -

2540

2540 &

above

all classes

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) Andhra Pradesh 269 312 309 297 225 251 196 201 120 128 200 179 224 Arunachal Pradesh 45 54 100 180 10 102 220 149 212 286 150 112 148 Assam 150 231 74 148 86 47 106 66 107 204 109 108 109 Bihar 108 97 89 47 83 24 41 41 17 5 145 0 65 Chhattisgarh 270 230 309 233 220 94 109 53 124 130 252 19 181 Delhi 14 90 32 146 86 64 45 71 39 99 70 180 88 Goa 0 33 119 90 78 322 156 105 227 191 389 240 188 Gujarat 327 113 120 183 192 204 130 165 123 134 101 81 151 Haryana 141 174 148 83 131 116 137 96 173 134 182 128 132 Himachal Pradesh 0 0 335 365 245 308 223 200 137 230 230 238 241 Jammu & Kashmir 0 0 274 62 123 75 131 114 100 100 115 167 112 Jharkhand 229 156 209 153 176 93 102 103 54 69 77 109 134 Karnataka 191 254 247 203 189 153 164 201 173 157 96 146 181 Kerala 117 125 181 130 195 180 206 254 177 210 255 301 200 Madhya Pradesh 165 250 180 168 147 141 102 81 133 107 142 236 154 Maharashtra 208 263 201 206 158 153 169 162 189 180 225 248 190 Manipur 0 0 266 223 156 235 267 264 139 354 423 169 221 Megahlaya 1000 0 0 180 152 160 252 271 228 380 568 492 303 Mizoram 0 0 131 143 204 316 298 287 270 264 269 462 281 Nagaland 333 0 333 173 117 292 233 221 268 316 192 289 257 Orissa 206 192 141 153 126 85 111 120 114 140 136 251 148 Punjab 20 37 131 115 137 133 118 106 97 142 149 290 133 Rajasthan 170 246 227 176 167 150 247 145 116 117 168 214 182 Sikkim 0 0 40 139 28 74 13 150 136 249 514 418 168 Tamil Nadu 326 330 348 310 286 238 259 196 151 153 201 171 241 Tripura 136 110 64 60 82 24 39 72 124 212 196 265 100 Uttaranchal 92 48 117 137 174 175 168 97 62 104 137 247 127 Uttar Pradesh 142 149 135 138 129 102 67 44 117 130 43 117 117 West Bengal 256 172 214 147 210 105 116 127 139 104 111 266 155 A & N Islands 0 0 565 83 169 174 148 115 87 151 116 363 155 Chandigarh 0 0 163 49 79 17 209 146 94 85 225 218 142 Dadra & Nagar Haveli

0 350 303 551 132 269 340 47 285 14 69 45 194 Daman & Diu 0 0 576 194 84 430 66 0 305 55 609 0 225 Lakshadweep 0 0 0 46 19 83 39 166 158 253 205 112 108 Pondicherry 119 245 215 120 184 193 145 147 112 110 151 99 154 all India 187 203 197 185 177 151 148 142 135 141 159 203 166




urban person monthly per capita expenditure class (Rs.) state / u.t. less

than 335

335 -

395

395 -

485

485 -

580

580 -

675

675 -

790

790 -

930

930 -

1100

1100 -

1380

1380 -

1880

1880 -

2540

2540 &

above

all classes




Statement 5.5.1: Education-specific worker population ratio for persons of age 15 years and above according to usual

principal status for each state and u.t. rural male

state/u.t. general educational level not

literate literate &

upto primary

middle secondary higher secondary

diploma/ certificate

course

graduate & above

all

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

Andhra Pradesh 883 929 842 695 538 757 779 848 Arunachal Pradesh 898 855 641 562 539 1000 895 796 Assam 880 940 789 603 562 747 795 834 Bihar 909 891 747 784 720 908 851 852 Chhattisgarh 920 889 760 633 809 663 838 855 Delhi 823 986 776 797 863 1000 767 828 Goa 727 848 677 478 727 898 762 707 Gujarat 898 945 865 780 713 818 798 876 Haryana 783 842 720 752 544 699 811 766 Himachal Pradesh 802 881 628 680 601 818 727 753 Jammu & Kashmir 925 837 707 582 512 626 707 769 Jharkhand 924 888 724 772 693 955 817 851 Karnataka 915 938 817 671 683 837 875 863 Kerala 573 780 782 628 475 743 716 721 Madhya Pradesh 917 883 773 700 750 925 906 862 Maharashtra 837 884 796 705 665 807 841 807 Manipur 877 871 700 547 571 916 761 737 Megahlaya 944 965 726 617 797 704 886 886 Mizoram 936 907 826 752 755 1000 777 848 Nagaland 886 899 625 494 599 642 747 712 Orissa 893 883 806 700 639 524 762 842 Punjab 838 888 702 786 678 774 853 809 Rajasthan 889 877 745 709 636 751 771 830 Sikkim 870 829 643 558 755 278 894 781 Tamil Nadu 854 916 830 648 625 763 821 834 Tripura 869 880 686 444 542 1000 735 771 Uttaranchal 888 844 695 603 692 776 824 768 Uttar Pradesh 894 851 775 676 728 861 838 824 West Bengal 888 877 758 695 603 736 812 832 A & N Islands 920 818 664 722 582 1000 826 763 Chandigarh 891 999 783 806 667 1000 989 886 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 985 747 588 720 945 1000 1000 803 Daman & Diu 900 814 886 823 722 1000 961 844 Lakshadweep 611 917 790 939 832 0 865 874 Pondicherry 763 917 549 775 764 957 492 758 all-India 887 887 781 699 664 783 818 830




principal status for each state and u.t. rural female


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Andhra Pradesh 690 516 431 294 197 304 368 606 Arunachal Pradesh 781 618 394 257 260 450 264 635 Assam 147 190 206 141 174 87 377 174 Bihar 176 81 50 94 44 195 201 146 Chhattisgarh 716 609 317 262 329 760 354 636 Delhi 0 139 0 0 0 0 119 47 Goa 257 86 115 78 307 675 453 207 Gujarat 500 426 354 313 219 790 240 443 Haryana 203 143 107 192 105 397 119 175 Himachal Pradesh 616 604 396 476 303 555 530 542 Jammu & Kashmir 93 133 71 120 67 230 464 100 Jharkhand 412 242 291 258 406 606 424 372 Karnataka 644 589 417 283 158 582 343 561 Kerala 263 279 203 169 82 311 388 232 Madhya Pradesh 568 353 218 178 180 128 230 489 Maharashtra 676 642 478 349 266 475 361 587 Manipur 460 337 242 156 272 307 519 341 Megahlaya 798 809 487 407 462 1000 549 730 Mizoram 308 639 610 444 411 822 541 594 Nagaland 768 709 429 199 170 573 501 543 Orissa 403 219 140 100 64 909 150 301 Punjab 58 52 40 38 69 368 207 59 Rajasthan 448 329 259 171 118 617 289 412 Sikkim 528 455 346 322 444 1000 742 459 Tamil Nadu 661 639 459 356 319 418 420 591 Tripura 142 84 77 81 55 933 161 103 Uttaranchal 512 579 374 289 344 427 337 476 Uttar Pradesh 243 129 86 88 113 309 175 203 West Bengal 186 125 85 85 115 0 155 149 A & N Islands 254 182 58 113 369 813 651 201 Chandigarh 108 74 6 43 108 0 131 81 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 379 522 350 201 148 252 9 371 Daman & Diu 270 326 52 42 0 1000 0 191 Lakshadweep 42 47 15 164 0 0 0 57 Pondicherry 533 352 383 297 11 434 123 420 all-India 416 327 253 204 169 396 285 359




principal status for each state and u.t. rural person


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal status for each state and u.t. urban male


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal status for each state and u.t. urban female


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal status for each state and u.t. urban person


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal and subsidiary status (all workers) for each state and u.t. rural male


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal and subsidiary status (all workers) for each state and u.t. rural female


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal and subsidiary status (all workers) for each state and u.t. rural person


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal and subsidiary status (all workers) for each state and u.t. urban male


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal and subsidiary status (all workers) for each state and u.t. urban female


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all





principal and subsidiary status (all workers) for each state and u.t. urban person


literate literate &

upto primary



course

graduate & above

all




Statement 5.7.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed by category of employment for different states and u.ts. rural male usually employed state/u.t. principal status principal & subs. status self- regular casual self- regular casual employed employees labour employed employees labour (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 481 97 422 484 97 419 Arunachal Pradesh 763 166 71 764 165 71 Assam 707 96 198 713 93 194 Bihar 618 30 352 624 29 347 Chhattisgarh 526 60 414 530 59 411 Delhi 375 577 48 375 577 48 Goa 428 379 194 428 376 194 Gujarat 492 103 405 496 102 402 Haryana 574 203 223 580 200 220 Himachal Pradesh 591 195 214 614 182 204 Jammu & Kashmir 688 172 140 699 166 135 Jharkhand 664 56 280 667 55 278 Karnataka 494 64 443 496 63 441 Kerala 408 153 440 415 150 435 Madhya Pradesh 612 65 323 614 65 321 Maharashtra 503 124 373 506 122 371 Manipur 807 131 62 809 128 63 Megahlaya 761 68 171 764 67 169 Mizoram 890 95 15 885 94 21 Nagaland 789 200 10 817 175 9 Orissa 558 76 365 564 75 361 Punjab 487 176 337 491 174 335 Rajasthan 699 86 215 700 85 215 Sikkim 615 301 84 617 300 83 Tamil Nadu 398 133 469 399 134 467 Tripura 534 100 366 534 100 365 Uttaranchal 690 126 185 704 119 177 Uttar Pradesh 716 73 211 724 71 205 West Bengal 531 74 395 534 73 393 A & N Islands 466 246 289 481 229 290 Chandigarh 482 361 154 482 361 154 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 306 442 250 307 442 250 Daman & Diu 370 308 322 365 301 330 Lakshadweep 206 225 569 217 217 557 Pondicherry 281 243 476 273 236 491 all-India 576 91 333 581 90 329



Statement 5.7.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed by category of employment for different states and u.ts.

rural female usually employed state/u.t. principal status principal & subs. status self- regular casual self- regular casual employed employees labour employed employees labour (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 454 42 504 472 40 487 Arunachal Pradesh 926 30 44 927 29 44 Assam 502 152 345 703 84 213 Bihar 502 23 475 517 18 465 Chhattisgarh 523 15 461 549 14 437 Delhi 778 222 0 877 123 0 Goa 346 488 168 469 395 136 Gujarat 518 37 445 595 26 379 Haryana 809 60 131 849 23 128 Himachal Pradesh 914 66 20 929 51 20 Jammu & Kashmir 804 116 81 945 31 24 Jharkhand 745 23 232 788 19 194 Karnataka 445 32 523 489 30 481 Kerala 408 257 335 531 193 276 Madhya Pradesh 586 31 384 591 32 377 Maharashtra 492 27 481 517 25 457 Manipur 920 60 21 917 43 41 Megahlaya 864 29 107 866 28 106 Mizoram 966 29 6 959 28 14 Nagaland 950 48 2 960 35 5 Orissa 524 32 444 619 21 359 Punjab 354 323 323 889 46 64 Rajasthan 873 21 106 870 14 116 Sikkim 795 158 45 797 158 45 Tamil Nadu 450 68 482 461 66 473 Tripura 443 125 432 486 114 400 Uttaranchal 904 24 72 922 18 60 Uttar Pradesh 779 31 189 852 17 131 West Bengal 469 137 394 610 83 307 A & N Islands 536 288 168 681 169 150 Chandigarh 905 95 0 905 95 0 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 380 182 438 594 93 316 Daman & Diu 200 0 800 246 0 738 Lakshadweep 1000 0 0 1000 0 0 Pondicherry 354 139 509 371 133 496 all-India 564 48 389 637 37 326



Statement 5.7.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed by category of employment for different states and u.ts. rural person usually employed state/u.t. principal status principal & subs. status self- regular casual self- regular casual employed employees labour employed employees labour (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 469 73 457 479 72 450 Arunachal Pradesh 832 108 60 833 108 59 Assam 674 105 221 710 91 199 Bihar 601 29 370 602 27 371 Chhattisgarh 525 41 434 539 39 422 Delhi 391 563 46 409 546 45 Goa 407 406 187 440 382 177 Gujarat 501 81 418 536 71 393 Haryana 614 178 208 676 137 187 Himachal Pradesh 732 138 129 767 119 115 Jammu & Kashmir 701 166 133 774 125 101 Jharkhand 688 46 266 710 42 248 Karnataka 474 51 475 493 50 457 Kerala 408 181 411 454 164 381 Madhya Pradesh 603 53 344 605 52 343 Maharashtra 498 84 418 511 79 409 Manipur 843 108 49 851 95 54 Megahlaya 807 51 142 810 50 141 Mizoram 920 69 12 914 67 18 Nagaland 856 136 7 883 110 7 Orissa 549 64 387 584 56 360 Punjab 478 185 336 631 129 240 Rajasthan 758 64 178 774 54 172 Sikkim 676 253 71 678 252 70 Tamil Nadu 421 105 474 427 104 470 Tripura 523 103 374 528 102 370 Uttaranchal 774 86 140 804 72 123 Uttar Pradesh 728 65 207 764 54 182 West Bengal 522 83 395 552 75 373 A & N Islands 480 254 266 535 213 253 Chandigarh 507 347 146 507 347 146 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 327 373 301 427 296 278 Daman & Diu 339 261 400 344 249 410 Lakshadweep 234 224 542 259 214 527 Pondicherry 308 203 488 313 194 494 all-India 573 78 350 602 71 328



Statement 5.7.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed by category of employment for different states and u.ts. urban male usually employed state/u.t. principal status principal & subs. status self- regular casual self- regular casual employed employees labour employed employees labour (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 427 386 186 428 386 186 Arunachal Pradesh 412 514 74 413 510 73 Assam 445 441 114 453 433 114 Bihar 607 232 161 609 231 159 Chhattisgarh 381 459 160 384 459 157 Delhi 356 601 43 355 596 48 Goa 283 477 239 281 473 246 Gujarat 414 481 105 414 482 104 Haryana 477 448 75 478 447 75 Himachal Pradesh 306 387 307 317 381 302 Jammu & Kashmir 555 329 115 561 325 114 Jharkhand 436 396 168 445 390 166 Karnataka 415 391 194 416 390 194 Kerala 396 261 344 405 252 342 Madhya Pradesh 502 354 143 503 353 144 Maharashtra 385 474 140 387 473 141 Manipur 614 335 51 619 331 51 Megahlaya 237 635 128 252 620 127 Mizoram 495 416 89 494 413 92 Nagaland 543 421 36 564 402 34 Orissa 459 360 181 462 357 181 Punjab 485 430 85 486 428 86 Rajasthan 504 375 121 503 374 123 Sikkim 409 561 30 409 561 30 Tamil Nadu 381 451 168 380 452 167 Tripura 444 419 137 446 418 136 Uttaranchal 518 410 72 523 406 72 Uttar Pradesh 569 316 115 574 312 114 West Bengal 446 376 179 447 373 179 A & N Islands 240 557 206 234 548 218 Chandigarh 329 646 25 331 644 25 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 316 618 66 316 618 66 Daman & Diu 358 460 182 358 460 182 Lakshadweep 250 571 179 254 508 238 Pondicherry 324 371 305 325 369 305 all-India 446 408 146 448 406 146



Statement 5.7.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed by category of employment for different states and u.ts. urban female usually employed state/u.t. principal status principal & subs. status self- regular casual self- regular casual employed employees labour employed employees labour (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 476 309 214 487 300 212 Arunachal Pradesh 485 412 118 478 406 116 Assam 124 713 164 264 545 191 Bihar 455 200 345 510 153 337 Chhattisgarh 227 348 425 303 325 373 Delhi 125 815 60 191 754 55 Goa 244 615 142 243 596 162 Gujarat 366 374 260 429 303 268 Haryana 359 558 83 587 320 92 Himachal Pradesh 349 390 259 424 356 220 Jammu & Kashmir 576 381 43 715 255 30 Jharkhand 353 353 294 452 296 252 Karnataka 410 393 197 437 371 192 Kerala 299 479 222 426 381 193 Madhya Pradesh 440 384 176 478 330 192 Maharashtra 306 485 209 361 438 201 Manipur 643 309 46 731 235 37 Megahlaya 119 841 40 133 820 45 Mizoram 753 218 29 757 215 29 Nagaland 682 280 38 739 208 53 Orissa 344 416 240 379 352 269 Punjab 215 729 56 439 514 47 Rajasthan 635 278 87 727 186 87 Sikkim 364 614 23 386 614 23 Tamil Nadu 420 433 148 443 412 145 Tripura 158 739 103 214 670 116 Uttaranchal 366 554 81 488 451 61 Uttar Pradesh 632 279 89 723 180 97 West Bengal 394 502 104 524 367 109 A & N Islands 200 617 183 250 514 222 Chandigarh 97 901 0 97 903 0 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 167 500 333 600 150 200 Daman & Diu 623 170 208 661 153 186 Lakshadweep 300 700 0 467 467 67 Pondicherry 351 454 195 397 414 189 all-India 404 422 174 477 356 167



Statement 5.7.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed by category of employment for different states and u.ts. urban person usually employed state/u.t. principal status principal & subs. status self- regular casual self- regular casual employed employees labour employed employees labour (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 441 365 194 445 361 194 Arunachal Pradesh 423 491 83 427 488 82 Assam 406 474 120 423 451 126 Bihar 594 230 176 598 223 179 Chhattisgarh 349 436 215 365 427 208 Delhi 331 625 45 336 615 49 Goa 273 511 215 271 504 225 Gujarat 407 464 129 417 449 135 Haryana 464 460 76 497 425 78 Himachal Pradesh 315 388 297 341 375 283 Jammu & Kashmir 558 335 107 586 314 100 Jharkhand 421 388 191 446 370 183 Karnataka 414 391 195 421 386 193 Kerala 374 311 316 411 287 301 Madhya Pradesh 491 360 149 498 348 154 Maharashtra 369 476 155 381 465 155 Manipur 622 328 50 654 299 46 Megahlaya 186 725 90 201 708 91 Mizoram 588 344 68 590 341 69 Nagaland 582 382 37 622 338 41 Orissa 438 370 192 444 356 200 Punjab 451 468 82 478 443 79 Rajasthan 528 357 114 560 326 114 Sikkim 406 575 24 404 572 24 Tamil Nadu 391 446 162 398 441 161 Tripura 400 469 131 407 460 133 Uttaranchal 496 430 73 516 414 70 Uttar Pradesh 576 312 112 599 290 111 West Bengal 438 393 168 462 372 166 A & N Islands 232 566 202 237 541 219 Chandigarh 286 694 20 287 693 20 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 301 614 84 375 531 94 Daman & Diu 432 379 195 447 365 188 Lakshadweep 254 582 164 291 506 190 Pondicherry 329 389 282 342 379 279 all-India 438 411 151 454 395 150



Statement 5.9.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually working persons in the principal status by broad industry division (NIC 1998) for each state/ union territory

rural male broad industry division services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction

trade, hotel & restau-

rant

trans-port, etc.

fin. inter, business act. etc.

pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all

NIC-98 divisions (code) (01 – 05) (10 – 14) (15 – 37) (40 – 41) (45) (50 – 55) ( 60 – 64) ( 65 – 74) (75 – 99) (01 – 99) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Andhra Pradesh 665 15 77 2 52 79 46 7 58 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 741 0 4 16 50 34 11 10 134 1000 Assam 690 3 30 2 31 117 33 2 90 1000 Bihar 755 1 51 1 32 88 29 3 40 1000 Chhattisgarh 803 7 42 1 46 44 13 3 41 1000 Delhi 46 0 198 0 104 349 95 18 191 1000 Goa 340 0 38 30 96 208 178 13 98 1000 Gujarat 691 6 102 2 38 68 45 5 43 1000 Haryana 489 2 119 8 128 111 63 12 69 1000 Himachal Pradesh 464 2 78 28 192 82 61 9 85 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 524 4 102 16 106 73 60 4 112 1000 Jharkhand 612 18 80 1 146 67 36 7 35 1000 Karnataka 778 5 51 1 31 59 34 4 37 1000 Kerala 361 21 103 3 152 159 101 31 71 1000 Madhya Pradesh 790 7 45 2 46 52 12 4 43 1000 Maharashtra 713 4 77 2 42 65 41 7 48 1000 Manipur 688 5 32 0 51 54 34 3 131 1000 Megahlaya 792 20 29 7 40 43 18 0 52 1000 Mizoram 849 0 11 1 13 26 8 3 89 1000 Nagaland 680 0 19 9 27 63 29 5 168 1000 Orissa 656 8 85 2 68 91 31 7 51 1000 Punjab 543 1 95 11 136 93 53 11 55 1000 Rajasthan 599 19 75 3 142 66 37 5 53 1000 Sikkim 545 5 36 18 106 78 58 0 153 1000 Tamil Nadu 588 5 134 2 86 79 47 12 47 1000 Tripura 423 0 43 0 123 122 43 1 245 1000 Uttaranchal 616 0 55 4 114 85 39 10 75 1000 Uttar Pradesh 654 2 98 1 77 85 31 6 46 1000 West Bengal 640 3 89 1 50 115 47 11 45 1000 A & N Islands 409 15 31 35 159 112 104 7 128 1000 Chandigarh 58 0 206 0 226 205 116 44 144 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 320 0 333 0 51 86 104 21 84 1000

Daman & Diu 311 0 251 0 60 135 144 22 79 1000 Lakshadweep 377 0 30 70 331 23 51 0 117 1000 Pondicherry 529 0 152 17 91 101 34 20 57 1000 all-India 662 6 80 2 69 83 39 7 52 1000




rural female broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all

NIC-98 divisions (01 – 05) (10 – 14) (15 – 37) (40 – 41) (45) (50 – 55) ( 60 – 64) ( 65 – 74) (75 – 99) (01 – 99) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Andhra Pradesh 786 9 94 0 11 49 0 0 51 1000 Arunachal Pradesh 926 0 3 0 28 4 0 2 36 1000 Assam 827 0 39 0 15 16 4 1 99 1000 Bihar 828 0 98 0 0 34 0 0 40 1000 Chhattisgarh 930 3 29 0 15 9 0 0 14 1000 Delhi 0 0 0 0 0 777 0 0 223 1000 Goa 327 0 152 0 35 167 0 40 279 1000 Gujarat 870 5 48 0 23 17 0 0 36 1000 Haryana 809 0 67 2 15 19 3 3 81 1000 Himachal Pradesh 895 0 22 2 9 9 6 0 56 1000 Jammu & Kashmir 563 0 302 0 5 9 0 1 120 1000 Jharkhand 816 3 102 0 35 17 2 0 26 1000 Karnataka 870 3 59 0 7 24 3 1 33 1000 Kerala 435 3 236 3 18 57 18 21 209 1000 Madhya Pradesh 876 9 57 0 24 18 0 0 16 1000 Maharashtra 909 1 29 0 12 22 1 1 23 1000 Manipur 653 8 174 0 1 106 0 0 57 1000 Megahlaya 852 4 43 0 1 68 2 0 31 1000 Mizoram 914 0 3 0 5 49 0 0 29 1000 Nagaland 899 0 22 0 8 27 1 1 43 1000 Orissa 718 7 165 0 47 25 2 0 35 1000 Punjab 484 0 78 0 7 43 24 3 360 1000 Rajasthan 873 3 44 0 42 9 1 0 28 1000 Sikkim 718 10 7 2 29 106 0 0 129 1000 Tamil Nadu 732 0 151 0 21 44 4 2 46 1000 Tripura 462 0 91 0 59 29 1 0 357 1000 Uttaranchal 952 0 13 0 7 0 1 0 25 1000 Uttar Pradesh 810 4 95 0 10 25 1 0 52 1000 West Bengal 540 1 291 0 6 43 2 2 116 1000 A & N Islands 374 1 39 18 29 136 0 0 401 1000 Chandigarh 288 0 504 0 0 83 0 48 77 1000 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 649 0 244 0 43 32 9 0 23 1000 Daman & Diu 662 0 297 0 0 33 0 0 8 1000 Lakshadweep 323 0 620 0 0 0 0 0 57 1000 Pondicherry 703 0 115 0 52 110 0 3 16 1000 all-India 814 4 87 0 17 28 2 1 45 1000




rural person broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all





urban male broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all





urban female broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all





urban person broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all




Statement 5.9.2: Per 1000 distribution of usually working persons in the principal status and subsidiary status taken together by broad industry division (NIC 1998) for each state/union territory

rural male broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all





rural female broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all





rural person broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all





urban male broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all





urban female broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all





urban person broad industry division other services state/u.t.

agricul-ture, etc.

mining & quarring

manu-facturing

electri-city,

water, etc.

constr-uction


rant

trans-port, etc.


pub. admin. educn.

comm.. serv. etc

all




Statement 5.10.1: Number of persons (person-days) employed per 1000 persons (person days) according to current weekly and current daily status for each state and u.t. rural state/u.t male female persons current

weekly current

daily current

weekly current

daily current

weekly current

daily (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 582 528 419 350 500 439 Arunachal Pradesh 494 482 403 383 451 435 Assam 535 510 155 117 357 325 Bihar 467 436 116 83 300 268 Chhattisgarh 526 495 336 296 430 394 Delhi 516 513 47 37 311 305 Goa 486 468 159 148 309 295 Gujarat 581 549 390 293 489 425 Haryana 505 489 277 188 396 345 Himachal Pradesh 516 491 433 323 474 405 Jammu & Kashmir 520 509 200 122 367 324 Jharkhand 506 464 239 177 376 324 Karnataka 608 558 406 331 508 446 Kerala 512 432 211 161 354 290 Madhya Pradesh 519 495 283 242 407 374 Maharashtra 539 503 404 350 473 428 Manipur 512 504 315 268 416 389 Megahlaya 567 547 472 424 520 486 Mizoram 608 527 447 363 532 449 Nagaland 530 492 487 390 509 443 Orissa 543 502 225 182 383 340 Punjab 539 501 315 177 432 346 Rajasthan 490 479 337 280 415 381 Sikkim 552 550 315 255 440 411 Tamil Nadu 582 501 433 352 506 426 Tripura 546 531 81 73 320 308 Uttaranchal 484 467 344 276 413 369 Uttar Pradesh 475 456 197 138 339 301 West Bengal 549 494 148 105 351 302 A & N Islands 575 559 211 150 397 360 Chandigarh 602 595 54 54 388 384 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 539 537 403 275 478 419 Daman & Diu 581 581 151 139 389 384 Lakshadweep 585 509 34 30 357 311 Pondicherry 525 422 318 243 417 329 all-India 524 488 275 216 402 355



Statement 5.10.1: Number of persons (person-days) employed per 1000 persons (person-days) according to current weekly and current daily status for each state and u.t.

urban state/u.t male female persons current

weekly current

daily current

weekly current

daily current

weekly current

daily (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 547 523 210 192 379 358 Arunachal Pradesh 455 451 142 139 312 309 Assam 542 531 97 85 326 314 Bihar 442 429 60 50 264 252 Chhattisgarh 519 507 156 138 347 332 Delhi 533 526 87 83 332 327 Goa 513 495 183 175 350 337 Gujarat 568 561 141 119 368 353 Haryana 504 494 122 95 331 312 Himachal Pradesh 610 584 221 196 443 417 Jammu & Kashmir 521 514 104 82 325 311 Jharkhand 468 456 123 107 304 291 Karnataka 571 549 171 154 378 359 Kerala 510 450 165 139 335 292 Madhya Pradesh 511 494 130 117 329 314 Maharashtra 544 528 172 154 368 350 Manipur 451 448 215 192 333 320 Megahlaya 455 449 297 293 371 366 Mizoram 498 457 297 253 398 355 Nagaland 452 437 225 193 346 324 Orissa 480 465 121 108 309 295 Punjab 565 555 130 111 360 345 Rajasthan 497 483 159 133 332 312 Sikkim 545 545 166 159 368 365 Tamil Nadu 581 553 233 213 408 384 Tripura 503 489 96 92 296 287 Uttaranchal 513 510 113 103 322 316 Uttar Pradesh 512 500 105 83 319 302 West Bengal 585 554 146 117 375 345 A & N Islands 558 544 134 128 359 349 Chandigarh 505 502 142 142 339 338 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 670 670 185 112 438 403 Daman & Diu 652 646 179 175 389 384 Lakshadweep 402 382 114 102 259 243 Pondicherry 519 478 140 122 328 298 all-India 537 519 152 133 353 334



Statement 5.11.1: Average wage/ salary earnings (Rs. 0.00) per day received by regular wage/ salaried employees (activity status codes: 31, 71, 72) of age 15-59 years for each state and u.t. state/u.t. rural urban male female person male female person (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 106.23 56.61 93.81 183.34 132.05 172.18 Arunachal Pradesh 261.01 208.24 255.48 259.18 190.10 246.62 Assam 145.51 73.83 128.82 249.81 151.31 232.51 Bihar 175.97 96.72 166.55 249.61 209.45 247.02 Chhattisgarh 122.70 79.69 115.61 180.20 69.03 161.93 Delhi 156.26 191.46 156.79 248.26 252.47 248.86 Goa 182.36 101.35 156.59 236.91 168.07 216.37 Gujarat 132.80 108.25 129.38 173.64 110.74 165.80 Haryana 238.64 102.14 230.28 156.44 165.66 157.69 Himachal Pradesh 205.18 151.71 193.94 295.47 226.65 281.69 Jammu & Kashmir 180.79 111.84 175.46 259.46 196.40 251.04 Jharkhand 180.10 101.87 166.99 287.85 142.88 267.31 Karnataka 126.69 70.28 112.86 227.16 153.99 211.44 Kerala 163.80 119.85 146.83 203.04 170.90 191.03 Madhya Pradesh 103.16 31.49 88.44 184.07 104.78 168.83 Maharashtra 155.04 105.40 148.11 220.58 180.04 211.89 Manipur 215.82 114.34 196.77 266.74 216.94 253.68 Megahlaya 194.21 158.75 184.86 288.69 213.57 253.29 Mizoram 280.38 291.07 281.89 292.10 319.36 298.37 Nagaland 279.79 211.61 269.86 275.28 223.12 264.46 Orissa 139.93 93.81 133.62 211.93 144.30 198.71 Punjab 167.42 123.06 161.92 197.41 226.32 203.17 Rajasthan 146.59 87.41 140.14 184.26 156.16 180.24 Sikkim 203.43 207.31 204.23 233.39 224.79 231.63 Tamil Nadu 122.60 73.80 109.07 190.58 112.11 169.71 Tripura 136.03 86.36 128.86 177.04 120.13 163.86 Uttaranchal 193.87 135.17 186.58 212.83 137.27 197.52 Uttar Pradesh 122.40 100.16 120.31 177.27 149.48 174.41 West Bengal 143.39 53.07 120.25 198.19 129.35 185.39 A & N Islands 253.71 253.53 253.67 275.92 279.20 276.48 Chandigarh 129.72 264.64 131.53 291.30 261.58 284.12 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 125.18 77.43 120.02 201.78 214.37 202.66 Daman & Diu 156.57 250.00 157.05 209.87 143.25 201.25 Lakshadweep 231.41 412.86 233.41 239.60 283.94 248.62 Pondicherry 108.25 46.01 90.00 192.70 101.42 171.47 all-India 144.93 85.53 133.81 203.28 153.19 193.73



Statement 5.11.2: Average daily wages (Rs. 0.00) for rural casual workers of age 15-59 years engaged in public

works (activity status code: 41) and the corresponding sample person-days for each state and u.t. state/u.t. male female person wage sample

person-days wage sample

person-days

wage sample person-

days (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 39.43 13 37.55 21 38.01 34 Arunachal Pradesh 75.14 426 64.14 235 71.12 660 Assam 70.00 6 - 0 70.00 6 Bihar 79.75 22 - 0 79.75 22 Chhattisgarh 58.20 108 70.15 24 60.58 132 Delhi - 0 - 0 - 0 Goa - 0 - 0 - 0 Gujarat 79.28 21 - 0 79.28 21 Haryana - 0 - 0 - 0 Himachal Pradesh 74.91 148 61.24 14 73.20 162 Jammu & Kashmir 86.50 544 50.00 7 86.42 551 Jharkhand 62.59 19 - 0 62.59 19 Karnataka 45.00 7 30.00 14 35.00 21 Kerala 131.70 11 - 0 131.70 11 Madhya Pradesh 85.86 77 38.00 17 76.70 94 Maharashtra 52.87 65 40.58 48 47.25 113 Manipur 86.23 161 40.00 14 85.00 175 Megahlaya 106.98 13 - 0 106.98 13 Mizoram 95.04 52 81.75 10 92.58 62 Nagaland 98.60 41 68.72 12 87.65 53 Orissa 37.48 63 33.34 56 35.69 119 Punjab - 0 - 0 - 0 Rajasthan 52.37 381 51.13 330 51.69 712 Sikkim 89.29 21 89.29 7 89.29 28 Tamil Nadu - 0 - 0 0.00 0 Tripura 84.43 84 40.00 14 76.61 98 Uttaranchal 68.57 28 - 0 68.57 28 Uttar Pradesh 57.62 41 42.86 7 55.60 48 West Bengal 95.16 45 49.79 5 87.45 50 A & N Islands - 0 - 0 - 0 Chandigarh - 0 - 0 - 0 Dadra & Nagar Haveli - 0 - 0 - 0 Daman & Diu - 0 - 0 - 0 Lakshadweep 76.00 6 - 0 76.00 6 Pondicherry - 0 - 0 - 0 all-India 65.33 2402 49.19 836 59.33 3238



Statement 5.11.3: Average daily wages (Rs. 0.00) for casual workers of age 15-59 years engaged in works other than public works (activity status code: 51) for each state and u.t.

rural male female person state/u.t. wage sample

person-days

wage sample person-

days

wage sample person-

days (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 50.30 9566 30.88 7580 42.13 17146 Arunachal Pradesh 104.38 434 50.60 170 91.41 604 Assam 62.59 4241 53.29 1450 60.18 5690 Bihar 45.41 6468 37.42 1488 43.95 7956 Chhattisgarh 37.60 3352 28.55 2332 34.07 5685 Delhi 73.10 28 - 0 73.10 28 Goa 97.74 173 65.87 51 89.41 224 Gujarat 52.80 5594 43.17 2588 49.72 8182 Haryana 75.26 1936 59.34 554 72.20 2490 Himachal Pradesh 88.88 2659 62.00 120 87.14 2780 Jammu & Kashmir 100.24 1620 53.39 98 96.14 1718 Jharkhand 51.11 3985 37.93 1113 48.07 5098 Karnataka 48.33 6418 30.74 4121 41.32 10539 Kerala 134.86 5718 65.75 1442 119.51 7160 Madhya Pradesh 38.58 6632 30.53 3146 35.76 9778 Maharashtra 47.37 8019 28.16 6783 38.58 14802 Manipur 72.62 1077 64.41 252 71.33 1329 Megahlaya 73.20 1400 43.35 584 64.16 1984 Mizoram 111.86 240 88.89 34 109.85 274 Nagaland 146.05 68 150.00 10 146.32 78 Orissa 42.29 6542 29.65 2578 38.45 9120 Punjab 75.14 4682 53.10 459 73.12 5140 Rajasthan 64.33 4930 52.03 1149 62.12 6079 Sikkim 89.16 692 74.22 134 86.53 826 Tamil Nadu 70.45 7472 36.53 4934 56.48 12407 Tripura 64.07 3754 43.40 528 61.30 4282 Uttaranchal 69.66 1332 56.20 201 67.88 1532 Uttar Pradesh 53.37 8920 39.54 1677 51.25 10597 West Bengal 49.88 9821 39.99 1799 48.38 11620 A & N Islands 91.90 458 61.29 114 87.27 573 Chandigarh 106.20 54 - 0 106.20 54 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 61.47 275 54.13 219 58.57 494 Daman & Diu 81.71 238 58.66 98 73.86 336 Lakshadweep 135.98 177 - 0 135.98 177 Pondicherry 69.26 238 42.12 113 59.98 352 all-India 55.03 119216 34.94 47918 48.89 167135



Statement 5.11.3: Average daily wages (Rs. 0.00) for casual workers of age 15-59 years engaged in works other than public works (activity status code: 51) for each state and u.t.

urban male female person state/u.t. wage sample

person-days

wage sample person-

days

wage sample person-

days (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 64.71 3002 36.29 1224 56.99 4226 Arunachal Pradesh 133.74 67 462.00 5 138.82 72 Assam 73.73 738 56.00 188 70.49 925 Bihar 54.65 1405 81.91 278 59.56 1683 Chhattisgarh 47.62 829 32.43 570 41.32 1399 Delhi 82.87 432 47.94 32 77.45 463 Goa 125.27 290 70.33 110 114.86 400 Gujarat 83.46 1734 46.35 672 71.95 2406 Haryana 79.22 701 46.80 170 73.71 871 Himachal Pradesh 69.67 356 65.92 58 69.04 414 Jammu & Kashmir 111.82 504 81.01 72 110.57 576 Jharkhand 60.16 1328 55.46 407 58.85 1736 Karnataka 80.75 3438 46.25 1209 73.44 4647 Kerala 137.00 3320 66.96 754 126.81 4075 Madhya Pradesh 51.55 2312 42.02 764 49.57 3076 Maharashtra 79.57 4340 39.10 1665 69.20 6004 Manipur 95.30 380 208.21 81 134.20 460 Megahlaya 79.99 317 39.92 101 73.11 418 Mizoram 116.97 762 115.01 176 116.57 938 Nagaland 93.30 101 73.23 43 84.98 144 Orissa 54.41 1350 33.00 373 49.51 1723 Punjab 83.90 1221 46.41 174 79.70 1396 Rajasthan 69.15 1469 48.26 283 66.53 1752 Sikkim 121.14 84 78.57 7 118.88 91 Tamil Nadu 83.10 3644 47.56 1105 74.91 4750 Tripura 74.62 423 54.49 65 71.75 488 Uttaranchal 69.78 435 60.26 84 68.57 518 Uttar Pradesh 63.99 3277 38.61 387 61.77 3664 West Bengal 64.00 3570 32.95 498 60.54 4069 A & N Islands 104.31 603 80.05 176 100.05 779 Chandigarh 79.20 58 - 0 79.20 58 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 72.34 49 54.44 54 66.61 102 Daman & Diu 86.22 112 54.55 42 80.68 154 Lakshadweep 125.63 132 44.85 24 111.00 156 Pondicherry 91.19 860 47.85 182 86.88 1042 all-India 75.10 43642 43.88 12034 68.68 55675

Summary of Findings Chapter Six Unemployed


Chapter Six

Unemployed 6.0 General 6.0.1 As in the case of employed, for unemployed also, four kinds of estimates are obtained following the three different approaches. These are:

(i) number of persons unemployed based on usual status (ps), (ii) number of persons unemployed based on usual status (ps+ss), (iii) number of persons unemployed based on the current weekly status, and (iv) number of person-days unemployed based on the current daily status.

6.0.2 Of these estimates, the first estimate indicates the magnitude of the persons unemployed for a relatively longer period during a reference period of 365 days and approximates to an indicator of the chronically unemployed. However, some of the unemployed on the basis of this criterion might be working in a subsidiary capacity. One can, therefore, get another estimate of the unemployed excluding those employed in a subsidiary capacity during the reference period. The former is based on usual status (ps) and is called as the unemployed according to the usual principal status and the latter is based on usual status (ps+ss) and is called as usually unemployed excluding the subsidiary status workers or us (adjusted), which would conceptually be lower than the former. 6.0.3 The estimate of unemployed based on the ‘weekly status’ approach gives an average picture of unemployment in a short period of 7 days during the survey period. According to the current weekly status approach, a person was considered as unemployed in a week if he/she did not work even for 1 hour during the week but sought or was available for work at least for 1 hour during the week. It includes both chronic unemployment and also the intermittent unemployment of those categorised as usually employed caused by seasonal fluctuations in the labour market. 6.0.4 The estimate of unemployed based on the ‘daily status’ concept gives an average picture of unemployment on a day during the survey year. For measuring unemployment according to the current daily status approach, 7 person-days were assigned for a person for the 7 days preceding the date of survey and activity for each of the person-days was considered. A person, who did not work even for 1 hour in a day, was considered unemployed for the day if he/ she sought or was available for work for 4 hours or more, and was considered unemployed for half-day, if he/she sought or was available for work only for 1 to 4 hours. The estimate of person days unemployed on a day during the survey period is obtained by dividing the person-days unemployed in a week by 7. The person days unemployed captures three aspects of unemployment, viz.:

(a) the unemployed days of the chronically unemployed,



(b) the unemployed days of the usually employed who become intermittently unemployed during the reference week and

(c) the unemployed days of those classified as employed according to the priority criterion of ‘current weekly status’.

Hence, this estimate may be considered as the most inclusive rate of unemployment. 6.1 Unemployment Rates 6.1.1 Unemployment rate (UR) is defined as the number of persons unemployed per 1000 persons in the labour force (which includes both the employed and the unemployed). This, in effect, gives the unutilised portion of the labour force. Thus, it is a more refined indicator of the unemployment situation in a population than the proportion unemployed (PU), which is merely the number of the unemployed per thousand persons in the population as a whole. 6.1.1.1 It may be noted that the unemployment rate, as estimated from the surveys, happens to be very much lower in the population compared to the worker population ratio (WPR). Therefore, the estimates of unemployment rate obtained from the surveys are subject to higher margin of sampling fluctuations than that of the WPRs. One may use the estimates of unemployment rate cautiously in interpreting them, particularly at the state and union territory level.

6.1.2 Unemployment rates during 2004-2005: Statement 6.1 presents the unemployment rates (UR) as obtained from the present survey according to the three approaches. The corresponding values of proportion unemployed (PU) in the population are given in parentheses. Some of the important points emerging from this statement are:

(i) the overall unemployment rates are not high; (ii) the urban rates are higher than the rural rates; (iii) the unemployment rates for females are higher than those for males, and highest among

urban females;

Statement 6.1: Unemployment rates (per 1000 persons in the labour force ) according to usual status, current weekly status (cws) and current daily status (cds) during 2004 - 2005

all-India status unemployment rate rural urban male female person male female person (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) usual status (ps) 21

(12) 31 (8)

25 (10)

44 (25)

91 (14)

53 (19)

us (adjusted) 16 (9)

18 (6)

17 (7)

38 (22)

69 (12)

45 (17)

cws 38 (21)

42 (12)

39 (16)

52 (30)

90 (15)

60 (23)

cds 80 (42)

87 (21)

82 (32)

75 (42)

116 (18)

83 (30)

Note: Figures within bracket indicate the proportion of unemployed per 1000 persons.



(iv) the unemployment rates according to the current daily status (cds) approach are higher than the rates obtained according to ‘usual status’ approach and ‘weekly status’ approach, thereby indicating a high degree of intermittent unemployment. This is mainly due to the absence of regular employment for many workers;

(v) the unemployment rate, measured through the usual status (ps) or measured through the usual status (ps +ss) (or us (adjusted)), is very low in the rural areas.

6.1.3 Unemployment rates over NSS surveys: Statement 6.2 gives the unemployment rates as obtained from the seven quinquennial surveys of NSSO. In Figure 9, the unemployment rates according to usual status (adjusted) for the seven quinquennial rounds presented. It may be recalled that for the 27th round survey only the usual status (adjusted) figures are available. The statement shows that compared to 1999-2000, during 2004-05, the unemployment rate in terms of the usual principal status, remained almost the same in rural or urban areas for males, but increased around 2 percentage points for females. During this period, the unemployment rate in terms of the usual status (ps+ss), remained almost the same for rural males and decreased by 1 percentage point for urban males, but increased by about 1 percentage point for females in both rural and urban areas. No significant change in these rates in terms of cws is noticeable between the earlier rounds and the present one, except for urban females for which the rate had increased by about 2 percentage point compared to that obtained during 1999-2000. In terms of cds, the rate was higher in 2004-05 by about 2 percentage points for females in both the rural and urban areas than that obtained in 1999-2000. However, over the years - from 1977-78 to 2004-05 - there is no definite pattern for these rates.

Statement 6.2: Unemployment rates (per 1000 persons in the labour force) according to usual status, current weekly status (cws) and current daily status (cds) during 1972-73 to 2004-05 all-India round unemployment rate (year) male female usual

status (ps)

us (adj.)

cws cds usual status

(ps)

us (adj.)

cws cds

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) rural

61st (2004-05) 21 16 38 80 31 18 42 87 55th (1999-00) 21 17 39 72 15 10 37 70 50th (1993-94) 20 14 31 56 13 9 29 56 43rd (1987-88) 28 18 42 46 35 24 44 67 38th (1983) 21 14 37 75 14 7 43 90 32nd (1977-78) 22 13 36 71 55 20 41 92 27th (1972-73) - 12 30 68 - 5 55 112

urban 61 (2004-05) 44 38 52 75 91 69 90 116 55 (1999-00) 48 45 56 73 71 57 73 94 50 (1993-94) 54 41 52 67 83 61 79 104 43 (1987-88) 61 52 66 88 85 62 92 120 38 (1983) 59 51 67 92 69 49 75 110 32 (1977-78) 65 54 71 94 178 124 109 145 27 (1972-73) - 48 60 80 - 60 92 137



Fig. 9 : Unemployment rates (per 1000 persons in the labour force) according to usual status (adj.) during 1972-73 to 2004-05

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

61st 55th 50th 43rd 38th 32nd 27th

NSS Rounds

UR

per

100

0 pe

rson

s in

the

labo

ur f

orce

rural male

rural female

urban male

urban female

6.1.4 State level variations: Statements 6.2.1 to 6.2.3, present the unemployment rates (UR) during 2004-05 for various states and union territories following the three different approaches stated earlier. While Statement 6.2.1 presents UR based on usual status (ps) and usual status (ps+ss), Statements 6.2.2 and 6.2.3 present estimates obtained following cws and cds approaches, respectively. 6.1.4.1 URs based on us (adjusted): To measure chronic unemployment, the usually unemployed excluding those employed in a subsidiary status (i.e. the usual status adjusted) may be considered. Rates computed after making such adjustment would, in general, be expected to be smaller in magnitude than the corresponding rates according to the usual status (principal). The usual status rates may consist of persons who had reported unemployment for a relatively longer time during the reference period of one year, and it is possible that some of them had some marginal employment for some short period of time, which is not less than 30 days. One would, therefore, like to examine the unemployment rates obtained according to usual status taking into consideration of both principal and subsidiary statuses, that is, rate according to us (adjusted). From the figures presented in Statement 6.2.1 it is seen that there is a large variation in the unemployment rates across the states and union territories, across the rural-urban sector and gender. During 2004-05, in general, the rates are found to be much higher in urban areas than in rural areas, and higher for females than that for males in the cases where the over all unemployment rates are considerably high. Moreover, states reporting high rates for males reported high rates for females. 6.1.4.2 Rural males: Statement 6.2.1 shows that there is a large variation in the unemployment rates according to us (adjusted) for rural males across the states and union territories. It may be noted that the results for the smaller states and union territories are based on a



comparatively smaller sample size. Among the major states, Kerala reported the highest unemployment rate (5.1 per cent) followed by Punjab (3.3 per cent), Orissa (3.1 per cent), Haryana and Tamil Nadu (2.8 per cent each). The rate was lowest in Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh (0.7 per cent each) succeeded by Gujarat and Chhattisgarh (0.8 per cent each).

6.1.4.3 Rural females: For many major states, the rates are much lower compared to rural males, the exceptions being Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa, Punjab and West Bengal. Among the major states, only Kerala reported rates exceeding 10 per cent. Orissa (8.3 per cent and Punjab (4.9 per cent) also reported high rates as compared to the other major states.

6.1.4.4 Urban males: During 2004-05, the usually unemployed constituted nearly 4 per cent of the urban male labour force. Among the major states, during 2004-05, Orissa, Jharkhand, Assam, Bihar and Kerala reported more than 6 per cent of their urban male labour force unemployed for a major part of the year. The unemployment was very low for Himachal Pradesh (1.7 per cent), Karnataka (1.9 per cent) and Gujarat (2.3 per cent).

6.1.4.5 Urban females: Among the major states, the unemployment rate for females is found to be more than 10 per cent in the states of Kerala (33.4 per cent), Orissa (26.6 per cent), Punjab (14.0 per cent), Jammu & Kashmir (10.9 per cent), Uttaranchal (10.2 per cent) and Himachal Pradesh (10.1 per cent).

6.1.4.6 As seen from Statement 6.2.1, the regional pattern of unemployment rates based on usual status (ps) is broadly similar to that of usual status (ps+ss). 6.1.4.7 The unemployment rates obtained using the current weekly status would, in general, be lower than those obtained using the current daily status (see Statement 6.2.3). These weekly status rates have been presented in Statement 6.2.2. 6.1.4.8 The daily status concept incorporates the changes in the activity statuses of persons by taking into account the half-days data during the seven days of the reference week. The estimates based on the daily status, therefore, measure the extent of unemployment in terms of person-days rather than unemployed persons. To an extent the unemployed days of persons who are usually employed are also taken into account in this case. In a situation where large-scale seasonal unemployment exists, the cds measure gives a better picture of the unemployment situation than the one relating to unemployed persons. The daily status estimates obtained from the present survey are presented in Statement 6.2.3. It is seen from the statement that among the major states, for rural males, Kerala reported the highest rate (21.1 per cent) – followed by Tamil Nadu (15.3 per cent) and West Bengal (11.1 per cent). In these states, the rates for rural females are found to be very high too. Among the major states, the unemployment rate for urban males according to current daily status approach, were the highest in Kerala (17.4 per cent) followed by Orissa (11.9 per cent) and Bihar (10.2 per cent). For urban females, they were high in Kerala (42.3 per cent), Orissa (27.1 per cent) and Punjab (17.7 per cent).



6.2 Unemployment Rates of the Educated 6.2.1 Unemployment rates among certain specified categories like the educated, the youth etc. could be higher than the overall rates observed in the previous sub-section. As such, some of these rates, as obtained from the present survey, are looked into in some detail in this section for the educated, and, in the next section, for the youth. 6.2.2 As mentioned earlier, the educated are those persons who have attained an educational level of secondary and above including those completed diploma/ certificate courses. Normally, one can attain this educational level at the age of 15 years or above. Thus, the study among the educated is restricted to persons of age 15 years and above. In Statement 6.3, the unemployment rates based on various approaches are given for different educational attainments at the all- India level - for the present and for the last two quinquennial surveys. 6.2.3 The statement reveals the following broad regularities for the period 2004-05: (i) In both rural and urban areas, unemployment rate among the educated was higher than that among those whose education level was lower than secondary. (ii) In both rural and urban areas, among the educated, the rate was much higher for females than for males. This disparity was even more prominent among those whose educational level was higher secondary or graduate and above. 6.2.4 Comparison with rates of 1993-94 and 1999-2000: It is seen from Statement 6.3 that compared to 1993-94, these rates for 1999-2000 among the educated have declined. The decline was more for the females than for the males. For urban males, the rates remained almost stable. On the other hand, between 1999-2000 and 2004-05, the corresponding rates have increased for females, while they declined for rural males and remained stable for urban males. Figure 10 shows the unemployment rates for the persons of age 15 years and above for different levels of general education during 2004-05. 6.2.5 State level rates for the educated: The unemployment rates among the educated for different states and union territories are given in Statements 6.3.1 to 6.3.3. Statement 6.3.1 is based on usual status (ps), Statement 6.3.2 on us (adjusted) and Statement 6.3.3 on cws. It may be noted that the estimates given for the smaller states and union territories may not be reliable enough due to small sample size.

6.2.6 No consistent pattern emerges from the statements in the rural or urban areas of the states. The unemployment rates among the educated in the different major states are found to follow broadly the all-India pattern. Barring a few major states, the rates are much higher for the females.

6.2.6.1 URs based on usual status (ps): It is seen from Statement 6.3.1 that in rural areas among the major states, the rate was the highest in Kerala (29.6 per cent) followed by Orissa (19.4 per cent) and Assam (16.4 per cent). In other words, according to the usual principal status, about 30 per cent of the educated labour force in rural Kerala remained unemployed. In urban areas too, these states maintained their relative positions. The unemployment rates for educated females were also very high in these states. In general, states reporting high



unemployment rates for the educated also reported high unemployment rates for the educated females.

6.2.6.2 It is seen from Statements 6.3.2 and 6.3.3 that, broadly speaking, the pattern observed for URs based on usual status (ps) also holds true for URs based on us (adjusted) or on cws. Statement 6.3: Unemployment rate (per 1000 persons in the labour force) for the persons of age 15 years and above with different educational attainments during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India unemployment rate general 1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 education level

usual status

(ps)

usual (adj.)

cws usual status

(ps)

usual (adj.)

cws usual status

(ps)

usual (adj.)

cws

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) rural male

not literate 3 2 18 4 3 30 4 3 27 literate & up t o primary 8 4 19 11 9 30 13 10 30 middle 30 22 38 28 23 43 24 16 39 secondary 67 50 65 52 43 65 44 32 53 higher secondary 98 73 90 73 61 74 62 47 68 diploma/certificate course - - - - - - 99 76 95 graduate & above 132 98 122 106 82 95 80 62 83 secondary & above 88 65 83 68 56 73 59 44 65

rural female not literate 2 2 22 2 1 27 7 2 25 literate & up t o primary 10 5 26 9 6 26 24 11 31 middle 53 30 53 47 32 55 59 34 59 secondary 199 113 145 147 98 121 150 95 115 higher secondary 291 199 243 227 143 177 259 171 207 diploma/certificate course - - - - - - 334 231 270 graduate & above 346 274 320 331 298 318 344 275 298 secondary & above 249 160 198 204 146 169 231 152 182

urban male not literate 11 9 22 14 13 31 12 10 28 literate & up t o primary 25 23 35 30 28 41 23 21 37 middle 57 54 64 56 52 64 49 42 62 secondary 63 56 66 55 51 61 49 43 52 higher secondary 85 75 91 83 77 86 51 43 57 diploma/certificate course - - - - - - 96 77 98 graduate & above 64 56 63 66 63 67 64 58 64 secondary & above 69 60 70 66 62 69 60 51 62

urban female not literate 4 3 22 6 5 20 8 3 25 literate & up t o primary 45 29 48 25 19 36 41 29 40 middle 157 109 143 111 79 102 121 80 99 secondary 200 157 176 144 120 135 181 134 158 higher secondary 222 192 216 189 167 185 189 150 185 diploma/certificate course - - - - - - 195 153 185 graduate & above 206 189 202 163 147 161 196 172 190 secondary & above 206 182 196 163 143 158 194 156 179



Fig. 10: Unemployment rate (per 1000 persons in the labour force) according to usual status (adjusted) for the persons of age 15 years and

above with different general educational level during 2004-05

0

50

100

150

200

250

300


sector and sex

UR

(pe

r 10

00 p

erso

ns in

the

labo

ur f

orce

)

not literate

literate & up t o primary

middle

secondary

higher secondary

diploma/certificate course

graduate & above

secondary & above

6.3 Unemployment Rates of the Youth 6.3.1 In India, persons aged 15-29 years, who were considered as the youth, accounted for 25 to 29 per cent of the total population (refer Statement 3.10 of Chapter Three). A substantial chunk of them attain some level of educa tion and enter into the labour market while they are in the age group of 15-29 years. In a labour surplus econo my like that of India, many of them remain unemployed and continue to search for or be available for employment. Some may be chronically unemployed - remaining unemployed for a longer period of the year. Some others, though usually employed, become intermittently unemployed during some weeks or days of the year due to seasonal fluctuations in the labour market. Statement 6.4 gives the unemployment rates (per 1000) among the youth for each sex at the all-India level. In Figure 11, the unemployment rates according to usual status (adjusted) among the youth (age 15-29 years) are presented for different age groups during 1994-95. 6.3.2 It is seen that the unemployment rate was much higher among the youth as compared to that in the overall population (given in Statement 6.1). Secondly, the rate was higher for the urban youth than that for the rural youth. Further, compared to the female youth, the unemployment rate for the male youth was lower in general but substantially lower in urban India. 6.3.3 Change over 1993-94 to 2004-05: Following any approach, comparing the period 1993-94 and 1999-2000, the unemployment rates among the youth have increased for males in rural or urban areas as well as for females in rural areas. During 1999-2000 and 2004-05, the unemployment rates among the youth have increased for females in both rural and urban areas. During this period, the rate appears to have remained at the same level for male youth in rural areas and decreased by about 1 percentage point for male youth in urban areas.



Fig. 11: Unemployment rate (per 1000 persons in the labour force) among the youth (15-29 years) according to usual status (adjusted) during 2004-05

0

50

100

150

200

250

rural male rural female urban male urban femalesex and sector

UR

(pe

r 10

00 p

erso

ns in

the

labo

ur

forc

e)

age:15-19age:20-24

age:25-29age:15-29

Statement 6.4: Unemployment rate (per 1000 persons in the labour force) among the youth (15 –29 years) according to usual status, current weekly status (cws) and current daily status (cds) during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India unemployment rate

1993-94 1999-2000 2004-2005 age-groups (year) usual

status (ps)

us (adj.)


(ps)

us (adj.)


(ps)

us (adj.)

cws cds

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) rural male

15-19 47 33 56 90 65 55 91 131 79 59 93 150 20-24 67 49 72 103 62 52 79 117 62 47 80 129 25-29 32 23 44 77 32 26 56 92 23 16 42 88 15-29 48 35 58 90 51 43 73 111 52 39 69 120

rural female 15-19 33 19 51 83 31 32 91 128 67 36 72 126 20-24 45 28 59 82 49 35 82 121 93 57 92 149 25-29 19 9 35 65 24 16 40 77 52 32 60 107 15-29 32 19 48 76 37 27 68 106 70 42 75 127

urban male 15-19 134 119 134 162 154 142 162 190 140 121 146 184 20-24 139 126 146 170 139 128 146 171 125 111 131 158 25-29 67 57 73 93 75 72 85 103 58 49 72 95 15-29 108 96 114 137 115 108 124 147 100 88 110 137

urban female 15-19 168 128 157 186 155 132 153 180 156 111 130 164 20-24 277 217 258 285 226 194 231 259 258 196 235 273 25-29 129 97 129 155 115 93 111 131 158 126 156 181 15-29 194 150 185 212 166 139 166 191 199 149 183 215



6.3.4 Unemployment rates of youth in states: The corresponding rates for different states and union territories are given in Statements 6.4.1 to 6.4.4. It may be noted that the rates given for smaller states and union territories may not be reliable due to small sample size for the unemployed in those states and union territories. In most of the major states, the all- India features noted earlier are generally observed. Among the major states, the youth unemployment rate in the rural areas was high in Kerala, Orissa, Punjab and Assam by any of the three approaches. In the urban areas, unemployment rate for youths was high in Kerala, Orissa, Assam, Jharkhand and Bihar – regardless of the approach used to measure it. 6.3.5 Unemployment Rates of the youth and educational level: It may be important to see how

the unemployment rates among the youth are related with their educational level and are different from that of the active population. Statement 6.5 presents the unemployment rates according to usual status (ps+ss) for the youth (15-29 years) as well as for persons of age 15-59 years (the active population). The general feature that the unemployment rate increases with the level of education is observed for all categories of persons indicating that the job seekers become gradually more and more choosers as their educational level increases. It is lowest among the illiterate and highest among the educated – whether they are among the youth or

among the general population, or whether they are males or females or be they from rural or urban areas. However, for every educational level, the rates are higher among the youths than those among persons of age 15-59 years. Among educated youths, the unemployment rate was higher for females than males. The unemployment rates were 26.7 per cent and 20.8 per cent for females in rural and urban areas whereas the rates for males in rural and urban areas were 13.3 per cent and 9.1 per cent, respectively.

Statement 6.5: Education-level specific usual status (ps+ss) unemployment rate (per 1000 persons in the labour force) for persons of age 15-29 years and 15-59 years during 2004-2005

all-India unemployment rate

rural urban general education level male female male female

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) for 15-29 years

not literate 13 6 28 10 literate & up to primary 25 17 46 51 middle school 31 47 78 117 secondary 64 133 96 225 higher secondary 92 221 105 254 diploma/certificate 152 325 175 245 graduate & above 157 363 185 304 secondary & above 91 208 133 267 all 39 42 88 149

for 15-59 years not literate 3 2 10 3 literate & up to primary 10 11 21 29 middle school 16 34 42 80 secondary 32 95 43 134 higher secondary 47 171 43 150 diploma/certificate 76 231 77 153 graduate & above 62 275 58 172 secondary & above 44 152 51 156 all 16 18 37 69



6.4 Unemployed on All Seven Days of the Reference Week

6.4.1 This section deals with persons aged 15-59 years who were unemployed on all 7 days of the reference week. In the following paragraphs, different features of such persons, henceforth referred to as ‘unemployed’ in brief, are discussed.

6.4.2 Unemployed Who Were Ever Employed

6.4.2.1 For the purpose of survey, among those who were unemployed on all the seven da ys of the reference week but had more or less regular work at least for some time in the past were considered as ever employed. The information on whether an unemployed was ever employed or not was collected to differentiate the ever employed from the first-time work seekers. The proportion of unemployed who were ever employed per 1000 unemployed as estimated from the NSS 61st round is given for each broad age-group and educational level with male- female and rural-urban break-up in Statement 6.6. Obviously, 1000 minus these proportions will be the estimated proportion of new entrants into the labour market among the unemployed.

6.4.2.2 It is seen from Statement 6.6 that the proportion of those who were ever employed increases with age but decreases with the level of education. A reverse relationship will therefore hold for the new entrants into the job ma rket. Among the moderately educated (i.e., educational level higher secondary & above) unemployed, in rural areas, 76 per cent among males and 81 per cent among females sought employment for the first time. In urban areas, these proportions were 74 per cent among males and 80 per cent among females. The

corresponding proportions among the not literate unemployed were 16 per cent (males) and 11 per cent (females) in rural areas and 30 per cent (males) and 15 per cent (females) in urban areas. Among the different age-groups, the proportion of the new entrants was the highest in the age-group 15-29 years – and within this age-group, the proportion was highest among urban females. Overall, the proportion of new entrants among the unemployed was higher in urban areas than that in rural areas.

6.4.3 Status of last employment: The distribution of the unemployed who had worked for some time in the past by their status in their last employment is shown in Statement 6.7. Among them, in rural areas, as high as 66 per cent (among males) and 76 per cent (among

Statement 6.6: Number of unemployed (15-59 yrs.) who ever worked per 1000 unemployed (15-59 yrs.) separately by broad age-group and general educational level

all-India age group / rural urban general education level male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) age group: 15-29 411 374 292 189 30-44 852 740 642 423 45-59 948 899 822 888 gen. education level: not literate 844 890 698 853 literate but below primary 698 702 546 556 Primary, middle and secondary 541 322 427 242 Higher secondary & above 236 190 261 204 all (15 –59 yrs.) 561 530 384 278 Note: unemployed means those persons unemployed on all the 7 days of the week



females) were engaged as casual labour in the past, while in urban areas, about 31 to 36 per cent – for males and females respectively – were casual labour. A significant proportion of

the urban unemployed – 44 per cent for males and 53 per cent for females – who had worked for some time in the past had been regular wage/salaried workers. In rural areas, the corresponding proportions were very low – just 8 per cent for both males and females. 6.4.4 Industry of last employment: The distribution of unemployed who were ever employed by industry of last employment is given in Statement 6.8. In the rural areas, a majority of them worked in the agriculture sector and in the urban areas, they had worked mostly in the non-

agriculture sector. The pattern over the industries was same for the males and females. 6.4.5 Occupation of last employment: The distribution of unemployed who were ever employed by their occupation division in their last employment is given in Statement 6.9. The National Classification of Occupation (NCO) 1968 was used in this survey. It is seen from the statement that in rural areas, for both males and females, the ever employed reported their last occupation most frequently as farmers, fishermen, hunters, loggers and related workers (Occupation Division 6) – 59 per cent among males and 78 per cent among females. A small proportion – 5 per cent among females and 2 per cent among males – among such rural ever employed

reported their last occupation as professional, technical and related workers (Occupation Divisions 0 & 1). In urban areas, the pattern was different. Among urban ever employed males, as many as 51 per cent reported their last occupation as production and related

Statement 6.7: Per 1000 distribution of unemployed (15 to 59 yrs.) who ever worked by their status in last employment

all-India status of last rural urban employment male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) self-employed 266 166 201 158 regular wage/salaried 76 76 441 530 casual labour 658 758 358 312 total 1000 1000 1000 1000

Statement 6.8: Per 1000 distribution of unemployed (15 to 59 yrs.) who ever worked by broad industry division in their last employment

all-India broad industry rural urban (division) male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) primary sector (01-05) 579 767 44 197 secondary sector ( 10-45) 256 121 445 316 tertiary sector (50-99) 135 95 484 485 industry divisions 10-99 391 215 930 801 01-99 (including n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000

Statement 6.9: Per 1000 distribution of unemployed (15 to 59 yrs.) who ever worked by occupation division in their last employment

all-India occupation rural urban division male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 0 & 1 17 52 74 251 2 8 3 42 21 3 16 19 72 122 4 34 15 151 53 5 14 14 69 82 6 591 782 45 199 7, 8 & 9 300 109 513 265 all (incl. n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000



workers, transport equipment operators and labourers (Divisions 7, 8 & 9) while 7 per cent and 15 per cent respectively reported as professional, technical and related workers (Divisions 0 and 1) and sales workers (Division 4). For urban ever employed females, the occupation in their last employment was relatively more evenly distributed over the various Occupation Divisions – about 25 per cent in Divisions 0 and 1, 20 per cent in Division 6, 27 per cent in Divisions 7, 8 & 9 and 12 per cent in Division 3 (clerical and related workers).

6.4.6 Reason for becoming unemployed for those who had work in the past : The information on reason for becoming unemployed was collected for those who were employed in the past.

The results are given in Statement 6.10. Among them, in rural areas, about 52 per cent among males and 68 per cent among females became unemployed due to lack of work in the area. In urban areas, these proportions were 24 per cent for both males and females. About 16 per cent of the male and 23 per cent of the female unemployed in urban areas had quit earlier job. Lay-off, closure of the unit or

loss of earlier job were reported as the reason for unemployment by about 23 per cent of the urban male unemployed and 11 per cent of urban female unemployed. Among other specified reasons, lack of work in the enterprise was reported by a considerable proportion of the unemployed – 19 per cent among males and 12 per cent among females in rural areas, and 15 per cent among males and 11 per cent among females in urban areas. 6.4.7 Reason for quitting the earlier job : Information was collected about the reasons for quitting the earlier job from those who had become unemployed as they had to quit earlier

job. The results thus obtained are given in Statement 6.11 for all-India. It is observed that of the various specified reasons for quitting the earlier job, work being not remunerative enough was reported by a majority of the

unemployed, particularly by the males – 51 per cent

Statement 6.10: Per 1000 distribution of unemployed (15 to 59 yrs.) who ever worked by reason for break in employment

all-India rural urban reason for break in

employment male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) loss of earlier job 35 13 121 34 quit earlier job 43 54 160 232 lay-off without pay 9 2 17 29 unit closed 27 8 90 52 lack of work in the enterprise 189 116 149 114 lack of work in the area 519 676 239 241 others 173 132 223 298 all (including n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000

Statement 6.11: Per 1000 distribution of unemployed (15 to 59 yrs.) who ever worked and quit the job by reason for quitting the last job

all-India reason for quitting last job rural urban male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) work not remunerative enough 513 194 476 237 unpleasant environment 41 40 92 49 employer harsh 155 1 160 40 health hazard 119 34 59 58 to avail the benefits of voluntary retirement

3 0 46 0

others 168 731 168 614 all (including n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000



among males and 19 per cent among females in rural areas and 48 per cent among males and 24 per cent among females in urban areas. In the rural areas, unpleasant environment was reported by about 4 per cent of the unemployed who ever worked but quit the job. The corresponding figures for males and females in the urban areas were 9 per cent and 5 per cent. About 16 per cent and 6 per cent of male unemployed had to quit the earlier job due to employer being harsh and health hazards respectively. The corresponding proportion was only 4 per cent for female unemployed in the urban areas. Note that for about 73 per cent and 61 per cent of the female unemployed in the rural and urban areas, respectively, the reason for quitting the earlier job was recorded as ‘others’ in the survey. This means that a large majority of female unemployed had to quit the earlier job for reason(s) other than the specified ones.



Statement 6.2.1: Unemployment rates according to usual status (ps) and usual status (ps+ss) (or usual status (adjusted)) for each state and u.t.

rural unemployment rate state/u.t. usual status (ps) usual status (adjusted) male female persons male female persons ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 16 11 13 10 4 7 Arunachal Pradesh 11 6 9 11 6 9 Assam 30 70 36 24 31 26 Bihar 19 3 16 18 2 15 Chhattisgarh 11 4 8 8 3 6 Delhi 20 0 20 20 0 19 Goa 93 187 119 91 157 111 Gujarat 11 2 8 8 2 5 Haryana 33 32 33 28 10 22 Himachal Pradesh 42 52 47 16 20 18 Jammu & Kashmir 21 63 26 17 13 15 Jharkhand 24 3 18 20 1 14 Karnataka 11 10 11 7 8 7 Kerala 83 309 158 51 201 107 Madhya Pradesh 9 2 7 7 1 5 Maharashtra 21 5 15 15 3 10 Manipur 20 12 18 14 7 11 Megahlaya 1 6 3 1 5 3 Mizoram 8 1 5 5 1 3 Nagaland 59 33 48 22 14 18 Orissa 39 122 64 31 83 50 Punjab 35 296 58 33 49 38 Rajasthan 15 16 15 12 1 7 Sikkim 31 17 26 28 15 24 Tamil Nadu 18 25 21 12 11 12 Tripura 98 350 136 96 320 133 Uttaranchal 28 6 20 20 4 13 Uttar Pradesh 11 8 11 7 3 6 West Bengal 30 81 38 22 33 25 A & N Islands 76 204 103 37 123 62 Chandigarh 25 48 26 25 48 26 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 31 68 41 31 36 33 Daman & Diu 18 0 15 4 0 3 Lakshadweep 38 615 108 9 571 75 Pondicherry 120 50 94 94 32 70 all-India 21 31 25 16 18 17



Statement 6.2.1: Unemployment rates according to usual status (ps) and usual status (ps+ss) (or usual status (adjusted)) for each state and u.t.

urban unemployment rate state/u.t. usual status (ps) usual status (adjusted) male female persons male female persons ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 39 43 40 36 38 36 Arunachal Pradesh 12 29 12 11 28 12 Assam 71 156 82 69 91 72 Bihar 70 57 69 67 41 64 Chhattisgarh 46 31 43 38 24 35 Delhi 51 80 54 46 64 48 Goa 85 131 97 76 118 87 Gujarat 29 40 31 23 29 24 Haryana 36 131 48 32 75 40 Himachal Pradesh 19 117 40 17 101 38 Jammu & Kashmir 38 156 53 37 109 49 Jharkhand 82 27 73 75 23 65 Karnataka 22 62 31 19 57 28 Kerala 90 429 199 62 334 156 Madhya Pradesh 33 20 31 31 16 28 Maharashtra 46 58 49 35 41 36 Manipur 53 82 61 52 63 55 Megahlaya 39 42 39 35 35 35 Mizoram 16 26 20 16 26 19 Nagaland 50 135 75 46 72 55 Orissa 93 304 142 90 266 134 Punjab 30 200 56 29 140 50 Rajasthan 31 47 34 28 29 29 Sikkim 36 43 37 36 43 37 Tamil Nadu 32 54 38 29 48 35 Tripura 169 592 285 166 568 280 Uttaranchal 43 133 57 42 102 54 Uttar Pradesh 37 47 39 35 25 33 West Bengal 64 137 75 56 84 62 A & N Islands 83 211 110 65 172 88 Chandigarh 31 75 40 31 75 40 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 13 250 35 13 91 30 Daman & Diu 28 36 30 28 33 30 Lakshadweep 197 633 340 111 515 250 Pondicherry 42 218 85 41 195 81 all-India 44 91 53 38 69 45



Statement 6.2.2: Unemployment rates according to current weekly status for each state and u.t. unemployment rate state/u.t. rural urban male female persons male female persons ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 33 44 38 50 57 52 Arunachal Pradesh 18 6 13 23 108 42 Assam 36 62 41 75 113 81 Bihar 33 24 31 85 57 82 Chhattisgarh 55 49 53 50 72 55 Delhi 20 0 19 51 85 55 Goa 155 202 169 121 147 128 Gujarat 18 11 15 34 51 37 Haryana 54 21 43 45 103 55 Himachal Pradesh 44 34 40 19 129 45 Jammu & Kashmir 47 29 42 40 122 53 Jharkhand 57 16 45 86 36 77 Karnataka 17 22 19 24 75 36 Kerala 98 260 156 91 365 180 Madhya Pradesh 30 21 27 46 35 44 Maharashtra 44 44 44 59 78 64 Manipur 19 9 15 54 79 62 Megahlaya 1 6 3 32 36 34 Mizoram 7 7 7 12 22 15 Nagaland 36 17 27 45 92 59 Orissa 61 102 74 109 247 138 Punjab 44 55 48 41 153 62 Rajasthan 36 23 31 42 40 41 Sikkim 29 17 25 36 43 37 Tamil Nadu 29 31 30 43 64 49 Tripura 97 333 135 167 578 282 Uttaranchal 43 10 29 48 132 63 Uttar Pradesh 22 10 19 49 47 49 West Bengal 54 70 57 66 112 75 A & N Islands 91 159 110 87 262 121 Chandigarh 25 48 26 42 80 49 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 46 62 52 39 95 51 Daman & Diu 18 0 15 28 145 61 Lakshadweep 47 692 117 145 484 260 Pondicherry 161 48 120 59 245 107 all-India 38 42 39 52 90 60



Statement 6.2.3: Unemployment rates according to current daily status for each state and u.t. unemployment rate state/u.t. rural urban male female persons male female persons ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 100 122 109 78 83 79 Arunachal Pradesh 16 11 14 26 119 47 Assam 60 87 65 81 140 90 Bihar 69 61 68 102 87 100 Chhattisgarh 86 74 82 63 103 71 Delhi 20 0 19 58 92 62 Goa 181 219 192 146 169 152 Gujarat 47 29 41 42 72 47 Haryana 72 34 62 58 131 69 Himachal Pradesh 66 45 57 23 137 49 Jammu & Kashmir 58 47 56 46 152 60 Jharkhand 80 24 66 97 41 88 Karnataka 63 72 67 51 94 60 Kerala 211 346 256 174 423 252 Madhya Pradesh 59 48 56 67 52 64 Maharashtra 90 99 93 81 112 88 Manipur 19 11 16 55 81 63 Megahlaya 2 7 4 37 39 38 Mizoram 8 3 6 13 22 16 Nagaland 40 22 32 47 104 64 Orissa 93 126 102 119 271 150 Punjab 95 101 97 54 177 75 Rajasthan 51 33 44 63 50 61 Sikkim 29 21 27 33 55 37 Tamil Nadu 153 149 151 81 98 86 Tripura 122 374 161 189 589 300 Uttaranchal 57 13 41 53 142 68 Uttar Pradesh 43 17 37 63 59 63 West Bengal 111 116 112 99 137 105 A & N Islands 112 210 134 103 268 137 Chandigarh 37 34 37 46 78 52 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 48 88 60 34 149 51 Daman & Diu 19 0 16 30 145 62 Lakshadweep 165 708 225 175 519 282 Pondicherry 307 213 274 125 300 168 all-India 80 87 82 75 116 83



Statement 6.3.1: Usual principal status unemployment rates for the educated persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t. unemployment rate state/u.t. rural urban male female persons male female persons ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 66 87 70 77 135 78 Arunachal Pradesh 33 29 32 9 48 27 Assam 138 331 164 104 218 154 Bihar 44 52 45 121 291 61 Chhattisgarh 46 108 54 81 119 66 Delhi 26 0 25 61 92 61 Goa 132 232 163 135 205 159 Gujarat 31 31 32 31 113 36 Haryana 78 157 86 48 211 79 Himachal Pradesh 91 189 124 25 260 116 Jammu & Kashmir 71 202 83 62 317 90 Jharkhand 44 21 42 93 76 63 Karnataka 48 134 66 35 167 60 Kerala 134 533 296 126 555 296 Madhya Pradesh 19 51 22 49 62 38 Maharashtra 50 37 47 55 84 55 Manipur 65 86 69 85 146 82 Megahlaya 11 80 34 45 50 41 Mizoram 24 9 21 21 61 28 Nagaland 147 215 161 81 225 144 Orissa 125 574 194 127 379 188 Punjab 71 530 131 42 243 108 Rajasthan 50 81 52 34 140 49 Sikkim 74 83 77 64 63 73 Tamil Nadu 62 148 86 51 155 77 Tripura 362 784 466 209 696 436 Uttaranchal 62 53 59 47 228 67 Uttar Pradesh 22 35 21 44 172 34 West Bengal 88 463 125 81 280 116 A & N Islands 143 321 207 54 207 146 Chandigarh 76 150 80 39 97 53 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 45 671 127 16 446 109 Daman & Diu 0 0 0 40 0 17 Lakshadweep 43 777 298 141 342 253 Pondicherry 150 366 186 71 482 172 all-India 59 231 85 60 194 82



Statement 6.3.2: Usual status (adjusted) unemployment rates for the educated persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t. unemployment rate state/u.t. rural urban male female persons male female persons ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 54 61 55 75 130 84 Arunachal Pradesh 33 29 32 9 48 16 Assam 106 225 127 99 140 105 Bihar 40 41 40 116 276 122 Chhattisgarh 36 95 43 66 92 69 Delhi 26 0 25 60 70 62 Goa 127 203 152 122 191 140 Gujarat 18 21 19 24 81 32 Haryana 63 63 62 43 148 60 Himachal Pradesh 36 70 50 22 213 62 Jammu & Kashmir 54 74 57 60 282 95 Jharkhand 37 16 36 81 73 81 Karnataka 33 108 50 28 159 51 Kerala 87 402 222 82 471 240 Madhya Pradesh 19 43 21 46 57 47 Maharashtra 32 25 31 44 64 46 Manipur 43 47 45 84 119 95 Megahlaya 9 70 30 40 40 39 Mizoram 20 8 17 20 60 33 Nagaland 61 64 62 76 126 91 Orissa 108 470 171 124 373 173 Punjab 67 186 100 39 201 76 Rajasthan 46 38 46 32 114 43 Sikkim 61 83 68 64 62 64 Tamil Nadu 48 114 66 44 141 65 Tripura 362 776 463 205 696 377 Uttaranchal 42 33 40 46 196 76 Uttar Pradesh 13 16 13 38 109 46 West Bengal 63 308 93 67 185 88 A & N Islands 68 271 145 53 188 88 Chandigarh 76 150 80 38 97 51 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 45 427 118 16 317 52 Daman & Diu 0 0 0 40 0 32 Lakshadweep 43 777 298 87 322 176 Pondicherry 150 241 165 71 478 165 all-India 44 152 65 51 156 71



Statement 6.3.3: Current weekly status unemployment rates for the educated persons of age 15 years and above for each state and u.t. unemployment rate state/u.t. rural urban male female persons male female persons ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 81 87 82 92 162 104 Arunachal Pradesh 31 30 32 13 66 22 Assam 133 303 157 105 163 114 Bihar 48 43 47 117 286 122 Chhattisgarh 72 149 81 61 136 70 Delhi 26 0 25 60 107 66 Goa 177 203 185 173 216 184 Gujarat 28 25 27 35 117 47 Haryana 81 92 83 51 191 73 Himachal Pradesh 77 113 89 25 257 74 Jammu & Kashmir 74 112 79 60 300 97 Jharkhand 76 18 72 94 74 92 Karnataka 39 132 58 34 177 58 Kerala 137 457 268 98 487 250 Madhya Pradesh 37 90 40 50 70 53 Maharashtra 66 55 63 64 97 70 Manipur 57 64 59 85 141 103 Megahlaya 10 72 31 35 40 38 Mizoram 11 5 10 19 54 31 Nagaland 82 88 84 76 146 96 Orissa 141 473 191 134 360 178 Punjab 73 187 105 50 205 86 Rajasthan 60 59 60 37 128 50 Sikkim 65 83 71 64 63 64 Tamil Nadu 61 128 80 58 161 79 Tripura 364 785 467 206 695 378 Uttaranchal 80 46 72 54 242 89 Uttar Pradesh 25 23 25 46 131 55 West Bengal 89 365 123 75 222 99 A & N Islands 125 373 221 85 245 127 Chandigarh 76 150 80 54 97 63 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 51 597 131 19 317 53 Daman & Diu 0 0 0 40 251 79 Lakshadweep 43 777 298 166 322 228 Pondicherry 150 118 145 71 509 174 all-India 65 182 85 62 179 83



Statement 6.4.1: Usual principal status unemployment rate among the youth (15-29 years) for each state and u.t.

rural unemployment rate state / u.t. male female persons 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-29 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-29 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-29 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Andhra Pradesh 49 39 15 34 28 18 14 19 41 31 14 27 Arunachal Pradesh 21 36 32 30 9 13 25 17 13 26 29 25 Assam 103 111 51 85 191 172 100 153 121 123 58 97 Bihar 98 64 12 53 22 29 0 13 92 63 11 49 Chhattisgarh 22 32 20 25 7 18 5 11 17 27 13 19 Delhi 0 20 192 61 0 0 0 0 0 19 193 55 Goa 580 274 179 288 313 243 236 251 484 260 200 273 Gujarat 30 34 15 27 0 5 13 7 22 27 15 21 Haryana 152 96 30 82 59 90 96 87 140 95 40 83 Himachal Pradesh 192 182 52 126 103 198 71 130 155 190 61 128 Jammu & Kashmir 85 61 53 62 71 113 55 89 78 74 52 68 Jharkhand 114 70 20 62 0 8 10 9 89 51 18 46 Karnataka 41 18 7 21 27 48 6 25 36 28 6 22 Kerala 423 203 88 191 605 623 545 589 484 360 256 335 Madhya Pradesh 40 12 15 21 9 3 0 3 31 9 10 15 Maharashtra 65 63 30 52 3 28 11 15 45 50 22 38 Manipur 82 30 56 51 0 29 25 23 48 30 44 39 Megahlaya 0 6 1 2 0 26 11 16 0 16 6 8 Mizoram 7 24 22 20 0 4 0 3 5 15 14 13 Nagaland 82 269 192 208 81 150 41 95 78 201 124 149 Orissa 137 112 44 94 183 253 199 212 153 156 88 131 Punjab 142 88 32 86 602 674 248 530 199 159 54 138 Rajasthan 65 44 4 36 32 37 26 31 53 43 11 34 Sikkim 103 130 35 86 0 64 37 40 71 107 36 70 Tamil Nadu 72 63 20 47 61 72 38 56 67 67 27 51 Tripura 336 312 131 257 657 671 452 608 409 391 185 330 Uttaranchal 105 112 52 86 0 22 22 18 67 75 39 59 Uttar Pradesh 41 37 14 30 30 32 15 24 39 37 15 29 West Bengal 126 80 26 72 222 210 49 163 145 99 30 86 A & N Islands 373 231 69 179 284 529 186 364 344 319 98 230 Chandigarh 16 91 0 57 0 824 0 500 16 98 0 62 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 396 0 0 62 0 284 0 118 208 95 0 79 Daman & Diu 286 0 0 32 0 0 0 0 207 0 0 29 Lakshadweep 68 109 123 105 1000 868 232 800 468 275 136 250 Pondicherry 515 208 277 303 0 263 101 156 335 227 223 252 all-India 79 62 23 52 67 93 52 70 75 70 33 57



Statement 6.4.1: Usual principal status unemployment rate among the youth (15-29 years) for each state and u.t.

urban unemployment rate state / u.t. male female persons 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-29 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-29 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-29 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Andhra Pradesh 97 127 46 86 80 170 50 105 93 139 46 91 Arunachal Pradesh 129 107 23 56 71 113 37 74 95 109 27 49 Assam 126 269 198 209 197 500 194 334 141 328 195 233 Bihar 80 296 114 178 0 423 260 309 79 303 123 184 Chhattisgarh 47 144 85 97 13 158 44 73 42 146 77 93 Delhi 179 133 76 116 568 255 43 212 216 147 73 126 Goa 274 38 277 185 0 635 100 239 164 204 214 205 Gujarat 90 68 31 57 56 88 131 94 85 71 43 63 Haryana 171 115 21 86 366 402 158 295 201 142 38 110 Himachal Pradesh 86 35 42 48 0 825 282 401 84 124 103 107 Jammu & Kashmir 64 112 122 112 69 558 335 318 61 160 158 147 Jharkhand 197 339 137 219 14 209 14 103 151 317 126 203 Karnataka 84 52 36 51 126 199 53 141 92 92 38 71 Kerala 385 238 129 216 889 678 693 711 533 407 330 394 Madhya Pradesh 96 110 59 85 70 56 56 60 92 101 58 81 Maharashtra 193 126 48 105 130 183 87 133 179 136 56 110 Manipur 55 226 193 197 12 114 287 185 29 190 224 193 Megahlaya 294 30 128 129 30 148 153 120 146 87 140 125 Mizoram 28 74 21 44 0 59 76 62 18 67 45 49 Nagaland 0 332 197 221 0 552 237 355 0 434 214 277 Orissa 360 344 125 261 569 665 383 520 401 433 204 331 Punjab 84 79 35 62 397 424 299 369 130 144 78 114 Rajasthan 149 57 44 73 52 112 107 94 134 64 53 76 Sikkim 217 79 0 67 0 246 0 63 169 105 0 80 Tamil Nadu 112 110 30 75 150 171 86 134 122 127 44 92 Tripura 554 540 340 454 691 948 776 837 607 703 526 614 Uttaranchal 233 79 80 114 0 222 244 232 231 102 113 131 Uttar Pradesh 86 120 35 79 0 372 101 158 76 142 39 86 West Bengal 245 166 108 156 108 353 183 227 209 197 120 168 A & N Islands 286 344 75 196 200 367 424 370 273 351 131 234 Chandigarh 72 168 93 123 0 397 78 223 64 214 90 141 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 353 0 0 38 0 1000 0 500 276 173 0 100 Daman & Diu 553 0 42 65 0 0 0 0 442 0 35 54 Lakshadweep 1000 572 306 520 1000 754 604 833 1000 666 369 651 Pondicherry 245 181 107 152 754 359 382 464 523 227 204 260 all-India 140 125 58 100 156 258 158 199 145 152 76 119



Statement 6.4.2: Usual status (adjusted) unemployment rate among the youth (15-29 years) for each state and u.t.




Statement 6.4.3: Current weekly status unemployment rate among the youth (15-29 years) for each state and u.t.




Statement 6.4.4: Current daily status unemployment rate among the youth (15-29 years) for each state and u.t.


Summary of Findings Chapter Seven Underemployment


Chapter Seven

Underemployment

7.0 General 7.0.1 Underemployment is commonly defined as the under-utilisation of labour time of the workers. Some of the persons categorised as usually employed, do not have work throughout the year due to seasonality in work or otherwise and their labour time is not fully utilised - they are, therefore, underemployed. Their underemployment is termed visible underemployment if they report themselves to be not working with respect to a shorter reference period. The NSS measures the visible underemployment by cross classifying persons by (a) their usual and current weekly statuses (b) their usual and current daily statuses and (c) their current weekly and current daily statuses. 7.0.2 Some employed persons, particular ly the self-employed, may appear to work throughout the year. But the work they are pursuing may not fully meet their needs in terms of generating sufficient income, giving fulfilment to them, etc. They may, therefore, want additional and/or alternative work. Such underemployment is termed as invisible underemployment and therefore, not directly measurable. The NSS calculates the indicators of invisible underemployment through a set of probing questions addressed to those categorised as usually employed on their availability for additional/alternative work and reason for seeking such additional/alternative work, status of their present engagement (i.e. whether worked more or less regularly), etc. The proportion of the usually employed who indicate the ir availability for additional/alternative work, gives, by and large, an overall share of the employed who did not have enough work, or at least felt the need for addition-al/alternative work, and, in that sense, were underemployed. 7.1 Underemployment Among the Usually Employed 7.1.1 As mentioned earlier, some persons categorised as usually employed might not have work throughout the year. They might remain without work during some weeks of the year or go without work on some days of the different weeks of the year. The first dimension is brought out by the distribution of the usually employed by their current weekly status. Statement 7.1 gives the relevant all-India results for ‘all’ usually employed persons (i.e., usually employed according to usual status (ps+ss)) for NSS 61st round (2004-05). Corresponding results based on the NSS 50th (1993-94) and 55th (1999-2000) rounds are also presented in the statement. 7.1.2 It is seen from Statement 7.1 that the underemployment rate defined as the proportion of usually employed who were found to be not employed (i.e. reporting either unemployed or not in labour force) during the week preceding the date of survey, had been stable for males between 1993-94 and 2004-05. The underemployment rate for rural females decreased by



about 1 percentage point in 1999-2000 compared to 1993-94 and remained stable in the most rounds. Among urban females, the underemployment rate decreased by about 2 percentage point during 1993-94 to 1999-2000 and decreased further by about 1 percentage point during 1999-2000 to 2004-05. Secondly, this problem of underemployment is seen to be more serious among usually employed females than among employed males, and more in rural than in urban areas. During 2004-05, the underemployment among usually employed females was 17 per cent in rural India and nearly 9 per cent in urban India. The corresponding percentages for usually employed males were 4 and 2 only. Most of the usually employed females who were currently not working had withdrawn themselves from the labour force and did not report themselves as currently unemployed. The distributions for the different states and union territories obtained from the present survey are given in Statement 7.1.1.

7.1.3 The activity pattern of the usually employed during different days within the reference week is indicated by the distribution of their days by current daily status. The relevant results for rural and urban India are presented in Statement 7.2. It is observed that the proportion of

Statement 7.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed (principal and subsidiary status taken together) by their broad current weekly status during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India current rural urban weekly male female male female status 1993

- 1994

1999 -

2000

2004-

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) employed 957 956 958 807 832 833 976 977 977 884 900 914 unemp loyed 15 22 22 14 21 20 11 11 14 9 9 15 not in labour force 28 22 21 179 148 147 12 12 9 107 91 71 all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

Statement 7.2: Per 1000 distribution of person-days of usually employed (principal and subsidiary status taken together) by their broad current daily status during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India current rural urban daily male female male female status 1993

- 1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) employed 909 897 893 663 676 657 949 942 945 766 791 798 unemployed 40 53 61 30 41 47 27 27 37 24 22 31 not in labour force 51 51 46 306 283 296 25 31 19 210 187 171

all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000



person-days of the usually employed utilised for work was quite low for females compared to males in all the three rounds. During 2004-05, this proportion was estimated at about 66 percent and 80 per cent for females in rural and urban India respectively as against 89 and 95 per cent for males in rural and urban India respectively. Once again, it is observed that when work is not available, a large proportion of females withdrew from the labour force rather than they report themselves as unemployed. The distributions obtained from the present survey for different states and union territories are presented in Statement 7.2.1. 7.2 Underemployment of Persons Categorised as Working According to Current Weekly Status 7.2.1 As mentioned earlier in Chapter Five, some persons classified as working during a week might not have had work for the entire week. The distribution of persons working accord ing to current weekly status by their current daily status, therefore, would indicate the proportion of person-days on which they had remained without work. These results are presented in Statement 7.3 for 2004-05, 1999-2000, and 1993-94.

7.2.2 In 2004-05, the percentage of person-days on which persons with some work during the reference week (according to weekly status) were without work was estimated at about 7 for rural males, 21 for rural females, 3 for urban males and 13 for urban females. In the last three rounds, in rural areas, the proportion of unemployed days went up for both males and females. This increase is evident in the case of urban males too. For urban females, the proportion, however, had been somewhat static during this period. However, both in the rural and urban areas when there was no work, a higher proportion of females as compared to males withdrew from the labour force. The state-specific data on the distribution of person days of persons with some work during a week by their broad daily activity status are presented in Statement 7.3.1.

Statement 7.3: Per 1000 distribution of person-days of current weekly status employed persons by their broad current daily status during 1993-94, 1999-2000 and 2004-2005

all-India current rural urban daily male female male female status 1993

- 1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005

1993 -

1994

1999 -

2000

2004 -

2005 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) employed 949 936 932 819 808 787 970 963 967 860 873 871 unem-ployed 26 32 42 21 25 33 15 16 23 17 15 18 not in labour force 24 32 27 158 167 180 13 21 10 122 112 111

all 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000



7.3 Invisible Underemployment – Some Indicators 7.3.1 In the present survey, the usually employed were asked ‘'whether they worked more or less regularly throughout the year’. Among them, those who did not work more or less regularly would give an indication of the extent of underemployment.

7.3.2 Statement 7.4 presents the number of usually employed of age 15 years and above who did not work more or less regularly throughout the year per 1000 employed by usual principal status at the all-India level. It is observed from the statement that this proportion was higher among females than among males. Further, among the various categories of the employed, the proportion was the highest for casual labourers. As high as 24 and 31 per cent of female casual labourers engaged in

the agriculture sector, in rural and urban India respectively, did not work regularly throughout the year. In the non-agriculture sector, the corresponding proportions were 20 per cent each. On the other hand, the proportion was the lowest among the regular wage/salaried employees - specially for those engaged in non-agriculture sector where the proportion ranged from 30 to 38 per 1000 employed. It may be noted that in the agricultural sector, the survey could capture only 46 sample females who were regular wage/salaried, and who did not work more or less regularly throughout the year, in the urban areas. This may, perhaps, be the reason why the proportion of regular wage/salaried females who did not work more or less regularly throughout the year is found to unusually high (28 per cent) in the urban sector. The estimates obtained from the present survey for different states and union territories are given in Statement 7.4.1. 7.3.3 The usually employed were asked ‘whether they sought or were available for (i) additional work and (ii) alternative work’. The proportions of usually employed who reported themselves as available for additional work or alternative work give an idea about under-utilisation of available labour time and therefore, could serve as two indicators of underemployment.

Statement 7.4: Number of employed persons according to principal status of age 15 years and above who did not work more or less regularly throughout the year per 1000 employed persons in the usual principal status

all-India broad usual rural urban principal status male female male female (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) self -employed in: agriculture 79 88 53 99 non-agriculture 51 61 45 68 regular wage/salaried in: agriculture 43 46 85 280 non-agriculture 31 31 30 38 casual labour in: agriculture 200 237 294 311 non-agriculture 191 198 189 201 all 110 139 62 89



7.3.4 Underemployed - seeking or available for additional work: Statement 7.5 gives the number of persons who sought or were available for additional work per 1000 usually (ps) employed persons of age 15 years and above and their distribution by reason for seeking or being available for additional work. The statement shows that, during 2004-05, in the stated age-group, about 11 per cent of usually employed rural males and 6 per cent of usually employed urban males had reported seeking or being available for additional work. The corresponding percentages were around 7 among the females in both the rural and urban areas. The main reported reason for seeking or being available for additional work was to supplement income – it being reported by more than half of them. Lack of enough work was reported by 17 to 26 per cent of underemployed. Thus, as per survey results, for about 73 to 79 per cent of underemployment, either of these two factors, viz., a need to supplement income or lack of enough work , had led to their seeking or being available for additional work. The proportion of ‘underemployed’ for different states and union territories is given in Statement 7.5.1.

7.3.5 Underemployed - seeking or being available for alternative work : Statement 7.6 shows the usually (ps0 employed persons of age 15 years and above reporting themselves as having sought or being available for alternative work. During 2004-05, about 5 to 9 per cent of the usually employed persons of different categories had reported availability for alternative work. Among the usually employed reporting themselves as having sought or available for alternative work, 67 to 70 per cent in the rural areas and 63 to 74 per cent in the urban areas reported that their present work was not remunerative enough. Statement 7.6.1 gives the corresponding results obtained from the present survey for different states and union territories.

Statement 7.5: Number of usually working persons of age 15 years & above, who sought or were available for additional work per 1000 usually employed persons in the principal status (15 years & above) and their per 1000 distribution by reason for seeking or availability for additional work

all-India per 1000 distribution of workers who sought or were available

for additional work by reason category of persons

no. per 1000 workers

who sought or were available for

additional work

to supplement

income

not enough

work

not enough work and to supplement

income

others total

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) rural male

107 555 206 183 27 1000

rural female

74 527 262 166 31 1000

urban male

62 544 201 201 34 1000

urban female

65 560 166 225 32 1000



Statement 7.6: Number of persons who sought or were available for alternative work per 1000 usually employed persons in the principal status (15 years above) and their per 1000 distribution by reason for seeking or availability for alternative work

all-India per 1000 per 1000 distribution of workers who sought or were available no. of for alternative work by reason category workers present no job lack of work wants total of who sought or work not satis- job place wage/ (inclu persons were available

for alternative remune-

rative faction secu-rity too

far salary

job ludes

n.r. work enough

others

cases) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) rural male

92 672 78 58 10 104 46 1000

rural female

59 702 83 57 17 74 46 1000

urban male

55 633 87 101 5 100 48 1000

urban female

52 744 63 57 12 70 36 1000



Statement 7.1.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed (principal and subsidiary status

taken together) by their broad current weekly status for each state and u.t. rural

state/u.t. male female empl-

oyed unem-ployed

not in labour force

empl-oyed

unem-ployed

not in labour force

( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 960 22 17 864 36 100 Arunachal Pradesh 979 7 14 977 0 23 Assam 970 12 18 710 12 278 Bihar 978 15 7 830 19 152 Chhattisgarh 925 47 28 737 35 228 Delhi 1000 0 0 1000 0 0 Goa 929 71 0 846 28 127 Gujarat 978 10 12 913 8 79 Haryana 964 27 9 864 6 130 Himachal Pradesh 927 27 46 850 13 137 Jammu & Kashmir 943 29 27 735 8 257 Jharkhand 943 37 20 753 11 235 Karnataka 974 10 16 884 12 104 Kerala 914 47 38 814 61 125 Madhya Pradesh 953 23 24 768 15 216 Maharashtra 950 28 22 852 36 112 Manipur 974 5 21 890 1 109 Megahlaya 991 0 9 984 0 16 Mizoram 992 2 6 972 5 23 Nagaland 956 14 30 949 6 45 Orissa 927 29 44 696 24 280 Punjab 979 14 8 967 5 28 Rajasthan 961 24 15 824 18 158 Sikkim 994 1 5 988 1 10 Tamil Nadu 975 16 9 938 18 45 Tripura 996 1 2 946 2 52 Uttaranchal 925 23 52 805 3 192 Uttar Pradesh 957 14 30 801 4 195 West Bengal 954 30 16 821 23 156 A & N Islands 909 62 29 852 7 141 Chandigarh 1000 0 0 1000 0 0 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 985 15 0 842 19 139 Daman & Diu 983 17 0 896 0 104 Lakshadweep 956 44 0 688 196 116 Pondicherry 923 77 0 880 25 95 all-India 958 22 21 833 20 147



Statement 7.1.1: Per 1000 distribution of usually employed (principal and subsidiary status

taken together) by their broad current weekly status for each state and u.t. urban


oyed unem-ployed

not in labour force

empl-oyed

unem-ployed

not in labour force




Statement 7.2.1: Per 1000 distribution of person-days of usually employed (principal and

subsidiary status taken together) by their broad current daily status for each state and u.t.

rural state/u.t. male female empl-

oyed unem-ployed

not in labour force

empl-oyed

unem-ployed

not in labour force




Statement 7.2.1: Per 1000 distribution of person-days of usually employed (principal and

subsidiary status taken together) by their broad current daily status for each state and u.t.

urban state/u.t. male female empl-

oyed unem-ployed

not in labour force

empl-oyed

unem-ployed

not in labour force




Statement 7.3.1: Per 1000 distribution of person-days of persons employed according to current weekly status by their broad current daily status for each state and u.t.

rural state/u.t. male female empl-

oyed unem-ployed

not in labour force

empl-oyed

unem-ployed

not in labour force




Statement 7.3.1: Per 1000 distribution of person-days of persons employed according to

current weekly status by their broad current daily status for each state and u.t. urban


oyed unem-ployed

not in labour force

empl-oyed

unem-ployed

not in labour force




Statement 7.4.1: Number of employed persons according to principal status of age 15 years and

above who did not work more or less regularly throughout the year per 1000 employed persons in the usual principal status for each state and u.t.

state/u.t. rural urban male female person male female person ( 1 ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Andhra Pradesh 122 159 138 49 48 49 Arunachal Pradesh 199 225 210 222 348 248 Assam 58 134 70 32 29 32 Bihar 97 132 102 61 65 61 Chhattisgarh 91 119 103 52 182 79 Delhi 23 0 23 35 26 34 Goa 123 188 140 23 52 30 Gujarat 100 137 112 44 154 61 Haryana 77 71 76 44 52 45 Himachal Pradesh 80 15 52 132 121 130 Jammu & Kashmir 126 107 124 32 45 33 Jharkhand 135 184 149 74 46 69 Karnataka 67 88 75 27 51 32 Kerala 136 150 140 103 102 103 Madhya Pradesh 104 131 113 59 127 72 Maharashtra 133 181 153 81 118 89 Manipur 116 95 109 96 141 108 Megahlaya 81 76 79 14 20 17 Mizoram 45 55 49 61 72 65 Nagaland 51 61 56 23 20 22 Orissa 159 194 169 66 129 78 Punjab 38 38 38 47 55 48 Rajasthan 103 98 101 117 141 122 Sikkim 41 65 49 7 45 15 Tamil Nadu 115 142 127 60 70 63 Tripura 90 125 93 54 16 48 Uttaranchal 48 23 38 31 75 37 Uttar Pradesh 94 125 100 54 82 57 West Bengal 175 204 180 83 90 84 A & N Islands 110 140 116 53 38 50 Chandigarh 8 0 7 11 41 17 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 9 122 39 21 0 20 Daman & Diu 50 59 51 4 12 6 Lakshadweep 54 131 57 141 122 138 Pondicherry 167 150 160 88 138 98 all-India 110 139 118 62 89 67



Statement 7.5.1: Number of persons who sought or were available for additional work per

1000 usually employed persons in the principal status (15 years & above) for each state and u.t.




Statement 7.6.1: Number of persons who sought or were available for alternative work per

1000 usually employed persons in the principal status (15 years above) for each state and u.t.


Summary of Findings Chapter Eight Labour Mobility


Chapter Eight

Labour Mobility 8.0 General 8.0.1 Over a period of time, various features related to the employment of a worker, such as his/her occupation, industry or status of work may undergo a change. To study such changes, information has been collected in this survey relating to change(s) in occupation, industry and work status or of ‘establishment’ that took place within a reference period of two years prior to the date of survey for the usually employed persons (according to principal status). In this chapter, the term usually employed refers to those persons who are employed according to the usual status (ps). The term ‘establishment’ was used in a broad sense and included all producing units covering household enterprises also. Discussion is made in the following sections on each of these aspects of labour mobility. 8.1 Change in Work Status or in Establishment 8.1.1 At first, we look at the estimates obtained from the present survey classified by change in work status or by change in establishment for each level of education of the person at the all-India level. The number of usually working persons of age 15 years & above, who had changed their status of work or changed establishment during the two years preceding the date of survey per 1000 usually employed persons in the principal status (15 years & above) at the all-India level is presented in Statement 8.1.

Statement 8.1: Number of usually (ps) working persons who had changed their status of work or changed establishment during the two years preceding the survey per 1000 usually employed persons (15 years & above) in the principal status for each level of education

all-India general educational level changed work status / establishment

not literate

literate and up to

primary

primary, middle and secondary

higher secondary and above

all

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) rural male

work status 4 6 8 13 7 establishment 80 83 74 43 74

rural female work status 3 4 4 7 3 establishment 88 101 83 49 87

urban male work status 7 8 14 10 11 establishment 96 82 70 37 65

urban female work status 3 4 7 6 5 establishment 87 93 60 34 66



8.1.2 The statement shows that during the two years preceding the interview hardly about 1 per cent of the usually employed had changed their work status while about 7 (urban males) to 9 (rural females) per cent had changed their establishment. The proportion changing their establishment was roughly the same for males and females in urban areas but higher for females in rural areas. Further, this proportion is much less among persons with education level higher secondary and above as compared to those with lower levels of education - be it in rural or urban areas. This was so for both males and females. The number of usually working persons of age 15 years & above, who had changed their status of work or changed establishment during the two years preceding the date of survey per 1000 usually employed persons in the principal status (15 years & above) for different states and union territories is presented in Sta tement 8.1.1. It may be noted that the estimates of proportions given in this statement are based on a very small sample reporting the changes and therefore, the results at the state and union territory level may he interpreted cautiously. 8.1.3 The distribution of usual workers of age 15 years & above changing their status of work by their last work status at the all-India level is presented in Statement 8.2. The statement reveals that among those who reported their present work status as casual labour were, in their last work status, more frequently self-employed than regular workers. This was seen in rural as well as in urban areas. However, among workers reporting their present work status as self-employed, proportion reporting their last status as casual labour was much higher in rural areas than that in urban areas, where the last status was more frequently reported as regular wage earners.

Statement 8.2: Number of usually working persons who had changed their status of work during the two years preceding the survey per 1000 usually employed persons (15 years & above) in the principal status and the per 1000 distribution by their last work status

all-India present male female work no. per last work status no. per last work status status 1000 who self- reg. cas- all 1000 who self- reg. cas- all changed

work status emp. wage/

sal. ual

lab. (incl. n.r.)

changed work status

emp. wage/ sal.

ual lab.

(incl. n.r.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) rural

self-employed 5 161 344 413 1000 2 79 84 690 1000 regular wage/ salaried 19 518 - 413 1000 11 392 - 367 1000 casual labour 7 641 184 75 1000 4 798 19 89 1000 all 7 409 206 301 1000 3 448 41 371 1000 urban

self-employed 11 99 629 194 1000 6 66 790 132 1000 regular wage/ sala ried 10 563 - 377 1000 5 88 - 872 1000 casual labour 16 607 360 7 1000 4 405 595 0 1000 all 11 375 339 225 1000 5 127 451 401 1000



8.2 Change in Industry of Work 8.2.1 Statement 8.3 presents the distribution of usual principal workers aged 15 years and above who had changed their industry of work during the two preceding years by their last industry of work at the all-India level. For the purpose of study, the industry divisions (01 – 99) of NIC 1998 have been categorised as (i) primary sector (01 – 05), (ii) secondary sector (10 – 45) and (iii) tertiary sector (50 – 99). It is seen from Statement 8.3 that about 1 per cent of workers reported change in their industry of work. The number of usually working persons who had changed their industry of work during the two years preceding the date of survey per 1000 usually employed persons in the principal status (15 years & above) for different states and union territories is presented in Statement 8.1.1.

8.2.2 Statement 8.3 also shows that among those reporting their present industry of work in the primary sector, more workers reported their last industry of work in the secondary sector excepting the urban males. Further, among those workers reporting presently employed in secondary sector of work, a larger proportion, in the rural areas, reported to have been employed in primary sector of work, whereas in the urban areas, they reported to have been employed in secondary or tertiary sector of work. Both these features are observed among the male and female workers. Moreover, in urban areas, among the male or female workers reporting their present industry of work in the tertiary sector, there were more who had their last industry of work in the secondary sector than in the primary sector. Compared to this, in

Statement 8.3: Number of usually working persons who had changed their industry of work during the two years preceding the survey per 1000 usually employed persons (15 years & above) in the principal status and the per 1000 distribution by their last broad industry of work


no. per last industry of work (NIC-98 division) no. per last industry of work (NIC-98 division) 1000 who 01 10 50 10 all 1000 who 01 10 50 10 all

present industry of work (NIC-98 division)

changed industry

- 05

- 45

- 99

- 99

(incl. n.r.)

changed industry

- 05

- 45

- 99

- 99

(incl. n.r.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) rural

01-05 4 63 446 411 856 1000 1 61 568 295 863 1000 10-45 19 637 202 154 356 1000 10 844 131 26 156 1000 50-99 17 439 248 267 515 1000 12 606 183 191 373 1000 10-99 18 537 225 211 437 1000 11 734 155 102 256 1000 all 9 383 297 276 573 1000 3 559 262 152 414 1000

urban

01-05 7 0 366 467 833 1000 3 0 456 234 689 1000 10-45 16 268 374 331 705 1000 15 174 551 275 826 1000 50-99 16 152 393 432 825 1000 7 170 249 580 829 1000 10-99 16 195 386 394 781 1000 10 172 407 420 827 1000 all 16 189 385 397 782 1000 9 165 409 412 821 1000



rural areas, among all such workers, male or female, who changed their industry of work, the situation was just the reverse, with more workers reporting their last industry of work in the primary sector than in the secondary sector. 8.3 Change in Occupation of Work 8.3.1 Statement 8.4 presents the distribution of usual workers aged 15 years and above who had changed their occupation of work during the two preceding years by the occupation in their last work at the all India level. As stated earlier, National Classification of Occupations (NCO), 1968 was used in recording the occupation codes. It is seen from Statement 8.4 that about 1 per cent of male workers and less than 1 per cent of female workers reported change in their occupation during the two years preceding the date of survey. The number of usually working persons of age 15 years & above, who had changed their occupation of work during the two years preceding the date of survey per 1000 usually employed persons in the principal status (15 years & above) for different states and union territories is presented in Statement 8.1.1. 8.3.2 Descriptions of the Occupation Divisions as per National Classification of Occupation

(1968), used in statement 8.4 are as follows:

i) Division 0-1: Professional, Technical and related workers, ii) Division 2: Administrative, Executive and Managerial workers, iii) Division 3: Clerical and related workers, iv) Division 4: Sales workers, v) Division 5: Service workers, vi) Division 6: Farmers, Fishermen, Hunters, Loggers and related workers, vii) Division 7,8 and 9: Production and related workers, transport equipment

operators and labourers. 8.3.3 Statement 8.4 also shows that generally, among workers reporting change in their occupation, relatively high proportions are noticeable for those reporting their last occupation as farmers, fishermen, hunters, loggers and related workers (Division 6), production and related workers, transport equipment operators and labourers (Divisions 7, 8 or 9) or as professional, technical and related workers (Division 0 or 1) in rural and urban areas.



Statement 8.4: Number of usually working persons who had changed their occupation of work during the two years preceding the survey per 1000 usually employed persons (15 years & above) in the principal status and the per 1000 distribution by their last broad occupation of work

all-India present no. per last occupation of work (NCO-68) occupation 1000 who 0-1 2 3 4 5 6 7-9 x all of work (NCO-68)

changed occupation

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) rural male

0-1 10 108 2 8 71 0 579 195 0 1000 2 14 69 19 161 51 63 269 368 0 1000 3 15 23 0 29 215 83 574 76 0 1000 4 20 45 39 22 136 69 361 254 10 1000 5 20 4 33 24 61 53 480 323 0 1000 6 6 68 13 34 62 57 303 380 0 1000 7-9 17 40 7 19 59 35 570 239 0 1000 all 10 52 15 30 74 50 424 300 1 1000

rural female 0-1 7 2 137 0 0 258 178 353 0 1000 2 12 86 0 0 0 0 162 170 0 1000 3 23 498 0 7 0 0 488 0 0 1000 4 14 0 0 223 0 0 316 460 0 1000 5 12 0 0 0 0 15 880 83 0 1000 6 3 33 7 15 39 26 642 234 0 1000 7-9 10 41 0 0 0 29 873 57 0 1000 all 4 42 9 26 20 30 655 193 0 1000

urban male 0-1 10 72 82 299 229 196 5 86 2 1000 2 14 122 66 94 254 99 119 245 0 1000 3 17 81 122 221 157 40 180 187 0 1000 4 16 104 11 57 221 105 137 333 0 1000 5 16 2 42 64 162 84 215 431 0 1000 6 9 42 15 5 176 230 111 303 0 1000 7-9 15 10 5 33 129 67 302 426 0 1000 all 15 52 31 77 176 90 205 341 0 1000

urban female 0-1 4 43 111 133 0 163 28 521 0 1000 2 5 0 0 589 0 2 257 152 0 1000 3 8 163 0 113 38 0 0 685 0 1000 4 8 136 0 0 30 371 269 175 4 1000 5 8 0 0 0 12 145 360 484 0 1000 6 4 283 0 0 48 523 38 109 0 1000 7-9 8 0 0 225 13 111 204 447 0 1000 all 7 58 9 132 18 174 204 402 0 1000



8.4 Reasons for Change in Industry of Work and /or Occupation 8.4.1 The reason for change of the industry of work and/or occupation was ascertained from the usually employed who cha nged their industry of work and/or occupation. The relevant results based on this information are given in Statement 8.5. Of the female employed, who had changed their industry of work and/or occupation, about 31 per cent in rural areas and 25 per cent in urban areas did not report any of the specified reasons. Compared to females, among males, these proportions were lower - 30 per cent in rural areas 20 per cent in urban

Statement 8.5: Per 1000 distribution of usual principal status workers of age 15 years and above who had changed industry or occupation during last 2 years by reason for such change of job for each broad education all-India rural general educational level not literate primary secondary all reason for change literate & below

secondary & middle & above

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) male

loss of earlier job due to: retrenchment / lay-off 34 33 37 78 46 closure of unit 43 119 68 65 67 for better income/ remuneration 278 336 340 304 315 no job satisfaction 23 50 35 73 43 lack of work in the enterprise (for self- employed)

170 142 111 95 126

lack of job security 38 11 12 16 19 work place too far 15 35 50 47 39 promotion/transfer 0 0 0 10 3 others 331 227 311 286 299 all (including n.r.) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

female

loss of earlier job due to: retrenchment / lay-off 9 0 0 0 5 closure of unit 50 60 125 19 64 for better income/ remuneration 356 249 388 331 349 no job satisfaction 8 0 2 40 9 lack of work in the enterprise (for self- employed)

142 482 74 244 174




areas. Among the specified reasons, for better income/ remuneration was found to be the most significant reason – it being reported by 32 and 48 per cent of the employed males and by 35 and 57 per cent of the employed females who had changed their industry of work and /or occupation in the rural and urban areas, respectively. Loss of earlier job (due to retrenchment or closure of unit) had been also an important reason for change of the industry of work and/or occupation – the reason being reported by 12 to 15 per cent of employed males and 7 per cent of employed females who had changed their industry of work and /or occupation.

Statement 8.5: Per 1000 distribution of usual principal status workers of age 15 years and above who had changed industry or occupation during last 2 years by reason for such change of job for each broad education all-India urban general educational level not literate primary secondary all reason for change literate & below

secondary & middle & above

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) male

loss of earlier job due to: retrenchment / lay-off 166 9 24 73 59 closure of unit 29 84 104 84 87 for better income/remuneration 452 342 515 467 476 no job satisfaction 101 36 64 41 55 lack of work in the enterprise (for self- employed 31 53 57 65 58


female

loss of earlier job due to: retrenchment / lay-off 33 0 75 2 28 closure of unit 14 0 27 54 35 for better income/ remuneration 573 423 588 558 565 no job satisfaction 17 155 24 40 34 lack of work in the enterprise (for self- employed 77 0 2 20 30




Statement 8.1.1: Number of usual principal status employed persons per 1000 persons of age 15 years and above who changed their establishment of work, status of work, industry(division) of work and occupation of work (2 digit level) during last 2 years

rural state/u.t. male female establish- status indus- occu- establish- status indus- occu- ment try pation ment try pation (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Andhra Pradesh 30 7 10 11 22 2 3 4 Arunachal Pradesh 14 0 2 5 14 0 0 5 Assam 18 5 7 9 4 1 3 3 Bihar 28 3 2 3 37 3 2 1 Chhattisgarh 149 8 8 11 161 1 3 3 Delhi 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Goa 129 28 39 20 116 0 0 0 Gujarat 99 8 12 12 130 0 1 1 Haryana 118 11 18 20 43 3 15 15 Himachal Pradesh 39 8 13 10 6 2 2 2 Jammu & Kashmir 10 7 6 6 3 0 0 0 Jharkhand 17 4 6 6 16 2 3 4 Karnataka 44 9 7 9 52 6 3 4 Kerala 130 19 29 25 87 14 14 15 Madhya Pradesh 115 2 6 4 129 1 1 1 Maharashtra 172 11 11 12 191 4 2 6 Manipur 9 7 9 8 9 6 8 9 Megahlaya 8 7 8 7 0 3 2 0 Mizoram 30 3 1 1 37 0 0 0 Nagaland 7 2 4 2 2 7 3 3 Orissa 31 4 4 4 52 0 0 0 Punjab 59 4 12 10 87 1 12 12 Rajasthan 84 8 8 10 41 4 1 4 Sikkim 6 2 4 4 2 7 1 1 Tamil Nadu 190 11 14 17 184 4 4 6 Tripura 11 3 4 4 5 5 4 5 Uttaranchal 26 3 2 3 1 0 0 0 Uttar Pradesh 32 6 7 8 12 1 1 2 West Bengal 84 8 12 12 78 11 8 9 A & N Islands 31 8 27 23 8 9 0 0 Chandigarh 131 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 36 36 36 36 0 0 0 0 Daman & Diu 11 2 6 2 0 0 0 0 Lakshadweep 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pondicherry 128 13 30 30 107 0 0 0 all-India 74 7 9 10 87 3 3 4



Statement 8.1.1: Number of usual principal status employed persons per 1000 persons of age 15 years and above who changed their establishment of work, status of work, industry(division) of work and occupation of work (2 digit level) during last 2 years

urban state/u.t. male female establish- status indus- occu- establish- status indus- occu- ment try pation ment try pation (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Andhra Pradesh 36 12 21 24 21 3 5 5 Arunachal Pradesh 74 29 31 64 4 0 0 3 Assam 11 9 6 4 1 0 0 1 Bihar 22 3 18 16 3 0 0 0 Chhattisgarh 90 12 26 22 161 11 13 4 Delhi 22 1 4 2 19 0 0 0 Goa 108 11 16 16 11 7 8 8 Gujarat 79 17 25 22 134 18 15 15 Haryana 43 8 16 10 52 0 0 0 Himachal Pradesh 18 4 7 7 1 0 0 0 Jammu & Kashmir 12 3 5 3 14 2 2 2 Jharkhand 13 13 7 8 20 5 2 0 Karnataka 23 2 7 5 24 4 4 4 Kerala 100 24 31 37 58 26 26 21 Madhya Pradesh 85 21 20 22 72 10 4 5 Maharashtra 122 19 25 19 98 2 16 10 Manipur 8 6 6 8 4 4 4 4 Megahlaya 1 22 1 1 8 4 1 2 Mizoram 15 4 3 1 3 0 0 0 Nagaland 15 3 7 9 10 0 10 10 Orissa 29 8 11 9 24 1 0 0 Punjab 36 3 5 5 14 0 0 0 Rajasthan 78 15 17 17 40 3 8 8 Sikkim 12 5 3 3 0 0 0 0 Tamil Nadu 115 10 19 19 118 4 9 9 Tripura 7 2 1 1 11 6 11 17 Uttaranchal 37 2 3 4 55 0 0 0 Uttar Pradesh 30 8 7 8 3 0 0 0 West Bengal 52 6 9 9 93 3 12 5 A & N Islands 61 11 19 34 28 1 1 1 Chandigarh 30 1 3 1 86 0 0 0 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 Daman & Diu 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lakshadweep 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pondicherry 80 19 27 17 52 0 31 31 all-India 65 11 16 15 66 5 9 7

Annexure-I


NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION (NIC) – 1998

(Description of industry groups 012, 014, 015 and all the industry divisions) Tabulation Industry Groups/ Description Category Division

A AGRICULTURE, HUNTING AND FORESTRY

01 Agriculture, hunting and related service activities

012 Farming of animals

014 Agricultural and animal husbandry service activities, except veterinary activities.[This class includes specialized activities, on a fee or contract basis, mostly performed on the farm.]

015 Hunting, trapping and game propagation including related service activities

02 Forestry, logging and related service activities

B FISHING

05 Fishing, operation of fish hatcheries and fish farms; service activities incidental to fishing

C MINING AND QUARRYING

10 Mining of coal and lignite; extraction of peat

11 Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas; service activities incidental to oil and gas extraction, excluding surveying

12 Mining of uranium and thorium ores

13 Mining of metal ores

14 Other mining and quarrying

D MANUFACTURING

15 Manufacture of food products and beverages

16 Manufacture of tobacco products

17 Manufacture of textiles

18 Manufacture of wearing apparel; dressing and dyeing of fur

Annexure-I


19 Tanning and dressing of leather; manufacture of luggage, handbags, saddlery, harness and footwear

20 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except

furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plating materials

21 Manufacture of paper and paper products

22 Publishing, printing and reproduction of recorded media

23 Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel

24 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products

25 Manufacture of rubber and plastics products

26 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products

27 Manufacture of basic metals

28 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

29 Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.*

30 Manufacture of office, accounting and computing machinery

31 Manufacture of electrical machinery and apparatus n.e.c.

32 Manufacture of radio, television and communication equipment and

apparatus

33 Manufacture of medical, precision and optical instruments, watches and clocks

34 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

35 Manufacture of other transport equipmenmt

36 Manufacture of furniture; manufacturing n.e.c.

37 Recycling

* n.e.c. = not elsewhere classified

E ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER SUPPLY

40 Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply

41 Collection, purification and distribution of water F CONSTRUCTION

45 Construction

Annexure-I


G WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE; REPAIR OF MOTOR VEHICLES, MOTORCYCLES AND PERSONAL AND HOUSEHOLD GOODS

50 Sale, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; retail

sale of automotive fuel

51 Wholesale trade and commission trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles

52 Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles; repair of

personal and household goods H HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS

55 Hotels and restaurants I TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNICATIONS

60 Land transport; transport via pipelines

61 Water transport

62 Air transport

63 Supporting and auxiliary transport activities; activities of travel agencies

64 Post and telecommunications J FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION

65 Financial intermediation, except insurance and pension funding

66 Insurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security

67 Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation K REAL ESTATE, RENTING AND BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

70 Real estate activities

71 Renting of machinery and equipment without operator and of personal and household goods

72 Computer and related activities

73 Research and development

74 Other business activities

L PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEFENCE; COMPULSORY

SOCIAL SECURITY

75 Public administration and defence; compulsory social security M EDUCATION

Annexure-I


80 Education

N HEALTH AND SOCIAL WORK

85 Health and social work O OTHER COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL

SERVICE ACTIVITIES

90 Sewage and refuse disposal, sanitation and similar activities

91 Activities of membership organizations n.e.c.

92 Recreational, cultural and sporting activities

93 Other service activities P PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD WITH EMPLOYED PERSONS

95 Private households with employed persons Q EXTRA-TERRITORIAL ORGANISATIONS AND BODIES

99 Extra-territorial organisations and bodies

Appendix A

Detailed Tables

(TABLE 1 - TABLE 25)


A-1

Table (1): Number of fsus (villages/ blocks) surveyed, number of households surveyed and number of persons enumerated by state/ u.t. state/ u.t. number of persons enumerated

number of fsus surveyed number of households

surveyed rural urban villages blocks rural urban male female person male female person*

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Andhra Pradesh 556 307 5550 2878 11251 11340 22591 5835 5884 11719 Arunachal Pradesh 156 60 1502 540 3901 3508 7409 1209 934 2143 Assam 335 90 3349 900 9150 8032 17182 1961 1875 3836 Bihar 436 140 4354 1400 12248 11343 23591 3794 3459 7253 Chhattisgarh 200 80 1999 799 5342 5301 10643 1880 1794 3674 Delhi 8 120 57 1119 143 103 246 2528 2058 4586 Goa 16 24 160 240 329 348 677 499 506 1005 Gujarat 232 200 2318 1956 5972 5580 11552 4687 4353 9040 Haryana 168 104 1679 1038 4853 4397 9250 2654 2280 4934 Himachal Pradesh 216 40 2145 400 5099 5164 10263 764 669 1433 Jammu & Kashmir 190 89 1887 885 5648 5124 10772 2277 2007 4284 Jharkhand 239 104 2378 1039 6375 6079 12454 2654 2392 5046 Karnataka 288 224 2880 2229 6938 6727 13665 4813 4718 9531 Kerala 368 196 3298 1950 6782 7537 14319 4160 4549 8709 Madhya Pradesh 384 208 3838 2076 11037 10083 21120 5499 5133 10632 Maharashtra 504 504 5023 5008 12482 11794 24276 11642 10979 22621 Manipur 220 100 2177 1000 5675 5294 10969 2476 2519 4995 Megahlaya 116 44 1159 437 2867 2797 5664 968 1033 2001 Mizoram 80 112 800 1113 2083 1918 4001 2717 2623 5340 Nagaland 96 32 960 320 2489 2358 4847 821 729 1550 Orissa 384 120 3835 1187 9301 9454 18755 2810 2581 5391 Punjab 244 188 2433 1856 6914 6270 13184 4608 4197 8805 Rajasthan 356 164 3543 1623 10120 9767 19887 4218 3926 8144 Sikkim 92 20 920 200 2120 1916 4036 365 292 657 Tamil Nadu 416 416 4160 4138 7904 8124 16028 7688 7799 15487 Tripura 176 56 1760 560 4226 3852 8078 1075 1061 2136 Uttaranchal 148 76 1464 750 3636 3698 7334 1784 1663 3447 Uttar Pradesh 792 336 7872 3340 24245 23085 47330 9497 8669 18167 West Bengal 500 292 4988 2889 12310 11972 24282 6299 5807 12106 A & N Islands 28 36 269 354 594 580 1174 747 671 1418 Chandigarh 8 32 80 300 220 174 394 609 478 1087 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 16 8 160 80 369 351 720 170 161 331 Daman & Diu 8 8 80 80 189 153 342 158 173 331 Lakshadweep 7 16 69 130 193 158 351 386 412 798 Pondicherry 16 56 160 560 310 329 639 1060 1111 2171 all -India 7999 4602 79306 45374 203315 194710 398025 105312 99495 204808 *: This includes not recorded cases also. At the all-India level,’ sex code’ was not recorded for one person.


A-2

Table (2): Number of households and persons surveyed by age and sex for each state/ u.t. rural persons of age state/ u.t. house- 5 years & above 15-59 years 15 yrs. & above all ages holds male female person male female person male female person male female person (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) Andhra Pradesh 5550 10218 10380 20598 6923 7164 14087 7852 8167 16019 11251 11340 22591 Arunachal Pradesh 1502 3546 3201 6747 2280 2088 4368 2428 2226 4654 3901 3508 7409 Assam 3349 8295 7283 15578 5456 4897 10353 5861 5260 11121 9150 8032 17182 Bihar 4354 10405 9687 20092 5964 6142 12106 6780 6751 13531 12248 11343 23591 Chhattisgarh 1999 4713 4682 9395 3129 3036 6165 3456 3437 6893 5342 5301 10643 Delhi 57 130 92 222 97 64 161 104 69 173 143 103 246 Goa 160 306 321 627 212 218 430 241 267 508 329 348 677 Gujarat 2318 5317 4985 10302 3641 3428 7069 4003 3854 7857 5972 5580 11552 Haryana 1679 4328 3902 8230 2773 2527 5300 3177 2910 6087 4853 4397 9250 Himachal Pradesh 2145 4613 4705 9318 2973 3188 6161 3479 3692 7171 5099 5164 10263 Jammu & Kashmir 1887 5157 4670 9827 3474 3161 6635 3942 3556 7498 5648 5124 10772 Jharkhand 2378 5621 5252 10873 3577 3497 7074 3973 3825 7798 6375 6079 12454 Karnataka 2880 6297 6172 12469 4380 4318 8698 4875 4882 9757 6938 6727 13665 Kerala 3298 6164 6950 13114 4100 4846 8946 4881 5768 10649 6782 7537 14319 Madhya Pradesh 3838 9822 8884 18706 6237 5645 11882 6943 6363 13306 11037 10083 21120 Maharashtra 5023 11249 10722 21971 7348 7089 14437 8517 8378 16895 12482 11794 24276 Manipur 2177 5198 4914 10112 3642 3618 7260 4009 3902 7911 5675 5294 10969 Megahlaya 1159 2560 2428 4988 1701 1651 3352 1798 1735 3533 2867 2797 5664 Mizoram 800 1893 1758 3651 1335 1248 2583 1420 1326 2746 2083 1918 4001 Nagaland 960 2272 2170 4442 1495 1490 2985 1624 1587 3211 2489 2358 4847 Orissa 3835 8374 8547 16921 5614 5837 11451 6375 6594 12969 9301 9454 18755 Punjab 2433 6248 5755 12003 4052 3897 7949 4679 4512 9191 6914 6270 13184 Rajasthan 3543 8851 8589 17440 5311 5308 10619 6024 6081 12105 10120 9767 19887 Sikkim 920 1978 1784 3762 1341 1231 2572 1485 1333 2818 2120 1916 4036 Tamil Nadu 4160 7216 7489 14705 4870 5216 10086 5628 6037 11665 7904 8124 16028 Tripura 1760 3939 3598 7537 2767 2519 5286 3036 2793 5829 4226 3852 8078 Uttaranchal 1464 3265 3293 6558 2044 2135 4179 2353 2429 4782 3636 3698 7334 Uttar Pradesh 7872 21104 20012 41116 12242 12194 24436 13988 13826 27814 24245 23085 47330 West Bengal 4988 11153 10866 22019 7574 7289 14863 8403 8100 16503 12310 11972 24282 A & N Islands 269 554 514 1068 399 386 785 446 415 861 594 580 1174 Chandigarh 80 205 160 365 133 103 236 149 116 265 220 174 394 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 160 323 315 638 223 208 431 229 225 454 369 351 720 Daman & Diu 80 163 143 306 122 102 224 126 112 238 189 153 342 Lakshadweep 69 169 144 313 105 102 207 117 113 230 193 158 351 Pondicherry 160 283 301 584 205 208 413 232 246 478 310 329 639 all-India 79306 181929 174668 356597 117739 116050 233789 132633 130887 263520 203315 194710 398025


A-3

Table (2): Number of households and persons surveyed by age and sex for each state/ u.t. urban persons of age state/ u.t. house- 5 years & above 15-59 years 15 yrs. & above all ages holds male female person male female person male female person male female person* (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) Andhra Pradesh 2878 5349 5394 10743 3745 3709 7454 4129 4164 8293 5835 5884 11719 Arunachal Pradesh 540 1121 878 1999 755 630 1385 778 646 1424 1209 934 2143 Assam 900 1793 1704 3497 1230 1172 2402 1324 1275 2599 1961 1875 3836 Bihar 1400 3397 3041 6438 2133 1924 4057 2350 2099 4449 3794 3459 7253 Chhattisgarh 799 1712 1644 3356 1243 1142 2385 1346 1251 2597 1880 1794 3674 Delhi 1119 2332 1895 4227 1681 1356 3037 1830 1503 3333 2528 2058 4586 Goa 240 446 465 911 337 343 680 377 382 759 499 506 1005 Gujarat 1956 4289 3991 8280 3031 2773 5804 3332 3149 6481 4687 4353 9040 Haryana 1038 2398 2064 4462 1586 1421 3007 1753 1591 3344 2654 2280 4934 Himachal Pradesh 400 708 630 1338 510 457 967 560 504 1064 764 669 1433 Jammu & Kashmir 885 2104 1863 3967 1471 1325 2796 1645 1478 3123 2277 2007 4284 Jharkhand 1039 2413 2174 4587 1647 1474 3121 1795 1620 3415 2654 2392 5046 Karnataka 2229 4387 4291 8678 3133 3042 6175 3435 3406 6841 4813 4718 9531 Kerala 1950 3783 4212 7995 2586 2930 5516 3031 3512 6543 4160 4549 8709 Madhya Pradesh 2076 4945 4616 9561 3334 3105 6439 3629 3441 7070 5499 5133 10632 Maharashtra 5008 10620 10082 20702 7526 7018 14544 8357 7963 16320 11642 10979 22621 Manipur 1000 2272 2318 4590 1545 1592 3137 1692 1776 3468 2476 2519 4995 Megahlaya 437 876 937 1813 615 626 1241 641 680 1321 968 1033 2001 Mizoram 1113 2527 2448 4975 1748 1742 3490 1864 1870 3734 2717 2623 5340 Nagaland 320 737 660 1397 492 473 965 509 485 994 821 729 1550 Orissa 1187 2528 2343 4871 1758 1644 3402 1926 1824 3750 2810 2581 5391 Punjab 1856 4203 3831 8034 2905 2663 5568 3240 3033 6273 4608 4197 8805 Rajasthan 1623 3773 3519 7292 2509 2281 4790 2757 2561 5318 4218 3926 8144 Sikkim 200 339 260 599 251 189 440 268 198 466 365 292 657 Tamil Nadu 4138 7056 7225 14281 5024 5133 10157 5658 5878 11536 7688 7799 15487 Tripura 560 993 986 1979 752 731 1483 816 806 1622 1075 1061 2136 Uttaranchal 750 1635 1497 3132 1106 1033 2139 1227 1150 2377 1784 1663 3447 Uttar Pradesh 3340 8477 7754 16232 5479 4948 10427 6014 5492 11507 9497 8669 18167 West Bengal 2889 5866 5426 11292 4260 3846 8106 4802 4350 9152 6299 5807 12106 A & N Islands 354 696 616 1312 525 462 987 561 486 1047 747 671 1418 Chandigarh 300 571 454 1025 412 343 755 438 371 809 609 478 1087 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 80 148 139 287 116 99 215 120 105 225 170 161 331 Daman & Diu 80 147 160 307 108 112 220 119 128 247 158 173 331 Lakshadweep 130 338 379 717 207 282 489 244 298 542 386 412 798 Pondicherry 560 963 1024 1987 681 716 1397 768 832 1600 1060 1111 2171 all-India 45374 95942 90920 186863 66441 62736 129177 73335 70307 143643 105312 99495 204808 *: ‘all’ includes not recorded cases also. At the all-India level,’ sex code’ was not recorded for one (1) person.


A-4

Table (3): Estimated number of households and persons by age and sex for each state/ u.t. rural sex of head of household: female house- persons (000) average state/ u.t. holds 5 years & above 15-59 years 15 years & above all ages hh. size (00) male female person male female person male female person male female person (0.0)

sex ratio (no. of female

per 1000 of male)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) Andhra Pradesh 18734 1324 3194 4518 817 1998 2815 832 2573 3405 1482 3359 4841 2.6 2267 Arunachal Pradesh 155 16 29 45 9 19 28 9 22 31 17 30 47 3.0 1787 Assam 3395 558 815 1373 370 563 933 372 657 1029 609 861 1470 4.3 1413 Bihar 14018 1493 2967 4461 398 1776 2174 420 1953 2373 1931 3406 5337 3.8 1764 Chhattisgarh 3255 334 661 995 198 370 569 199 498 697 373 694 1068 3.3 1859 Delhi 8 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 3 3.6 1518 Goa 408 45 93 138 37 62 98 37 85 122 51 97 148 3.6 1875 Gujarat 6861 635 1276 1912 447 867 1314 448 1053 1502 747 1344 2092 3.0 1799 Haryana 2655 407 575 982 248 366 615 259 427 686 460 623 1083 4.1 1355 Himachal Pradesh 2315 264 511 775 162 345 508 166 415 580 302 539 841 3.6 1783 Jammu & Kashmir 503 75 120 195 43 75 119 43 95 138 85 129 214 4.3 1513 Jharkhand 2950 275 596 870 140 394 534 142 442 584 328 654 981 3.3 1994 Karnataka 12060 1413 2432 3845 983 1706 2689 1004 2061 3064 1578 2562 4140 3.4 1623 Kerala 12756 1537 2919 4456 1071 1875 2946 1109 2442 3550 1770 3158 4928 3.9 1785 Madhya Pradesh 5448 642 1047 1689 363 652 1015 372 846 1219 700 1101 1801 3.3 1574 Maharashtra 12711 1158 2277 3435 734 1349 2083 772 1881 2652 1275 2396 3671 2.9 1879 Manipur 329 59 85 144 44 63 107 44 71 115 64 88 151 4.6 1370 Megahlaya 582 81 129 210 54 90 144 56 105 161 91 139 229 3.9 1531 Mizoram 103 15 23 38 12 17 29 12 20 32 17 23 41 3.9 1377 Nagaland 40 7 10 17 5 8 13 5 9 14 7 10 17 4.4 1426 Orissa 6537 627 1336 1963 369 900 1269 374 1093 1467 700 1412 2111 3.2 2017 Punjab 2881 416 712 1128 255 454 709 261 562 823 485 769 1254 4.4 1587 Rajasthan 8233 930 1756 2686 411 1069 1480 420 1272 1692 1163 1941 3104 3.8 1668 Sikkim 91 11 17 28 8 14 21 8 15 23 12 18 30 3.3 1565 Tamil Nadu 14944 1067 2386 3453 737 1535 2272 745 2114 2859 1182 2486 3667 2.5 2104 Tripura 673 88 139 227 66 93 160 67 118 185 95 147 242 3.6 1548 Uttaranchal 2360 228 454 682 122 290 412 122 352 474 272 494 766 3.2 1815 Uttar Pradesh 22752 2851 5120 7972 1035 3077 4113 1068 3669 4737 3467 5730 9197 4.0 1653 West Bengal 11465 1158 2146 3304 723 1472 2196 726 1729 2455 1342 2299 3641 3.2 1714 A & N Islands 39 4 10 14 4 8 12 4 8 12 5 10 15 3.8 2269 Chandigarh 16 2 3 5 1 2 3 1 3 3 2 3 5 3.4 1267 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 18 1 2 3 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 3 1.7 3282 Daman & Diu 22 3 4 7 2 3 5 2 3 5 3 4 7 3.3 1245 Lakshadweep 19 5 5 10 3 3 7 3 4 7 6 5 11 5.8 936 Pondicherry 195 22 34 56 16 19 36 16 30 47 23 35 58 3.0 1524 all-India 169530 17750 33886 51636 9889 21538 31427 10122 26628 36750 20646 36569 57215 3.4 1771


A-5

Table (3): Estimated number of households and persons by age and sex for each state/ u.t. rural sex of head of household: all house- persons (000) average state/ u.t. holds 5 years & above 15-59 years 15 years & above all ages hh. size (00) male female person male female person male female person male female person (0.0)


per 1000 of male)



A-6

Table (3): Estimated number of households and persons by age and sex for each state/ u.t. urban sex of head of household: female house- persons (000) average state/ u.t. holds 5 years & above 15-59 years 15 years & above all ages hh. size (00) male female person male female person male female person male female person (0.0)


per 1000 of male)



A-7

Table (3): Estimated number of households and persons by age and sex for each state/ u.t. urban sex of head of household: all house- persons (000) average state/ u.t. holds 5 years & above 15-59 years 15 years & above all ages hh. size (00) male female person male female person male female person male female person (0.0)


per 1000 of male)



A-8

Table (3): Estimated number of households and persons by age and sex for each state/ u.t. rural+urban sex of head of household: female house- persons (000) average state/ u.t. holds 5 years & above 15-59 years 15 years & above all ages hh. size (00) male female person male female person male female person male female person (0.0)


per 1000 of male)



A-9

Table (3): Estimated number of households and persons by age and sex for each state/ u.t. rural+urban sex of head of household: all house- persons (000) average state/ u.t. holds 5 years & above 15-59 years 15 years & above all ages hh. size (00) male female person male female person male female person male female person (0.0)


per 1000 of male)



A-10

Table (4): Per 1000 distribution of households by household monthly per capita expenditure class for each principal household industry all-India rural

principal household industry number of households

mining & electricity, gas all* estd. sample agriculture quarrying manufacturing and water construction trade transport services (incl. (00)

household monthly per capita consumer

expenditure class (Rs.) (01-05) (10-14) (15-37) (40-41) (45) (50-55) (60-64) (65-99) n.r.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) less than 235 30 40 25 1 23 9 12 14 29 43469 1599

235 - 270 36 30 27 0 32 14 20 12 30 45422 1749 270 - 320 80 78 62 13 81 50 54 38 71 107187 4082 320 – 365 97 93 83 21 110 69 89 47 90 135399 5430 365 – 410 101 91 92 21 107 81 89 53 94 141226 6027 410 – 455 96 100 98 73 116 87 78 61 92 138208 6359 455 – 510 112 117 91 48 117 109 109 78 106 158808 7664 510 - 580 119 83 123 82 115 127 113 102 117 175065 8998 580 – 690 127 120 126 125 115 140 142 120 127 190433 11038 690 – 890 111 101 124 227 100 146 132 156 119 178853 11867 890 -1155 55 63 70 160 41 93 83 130 65 98040 7315

1155 & above 36 82 80 229 43 76 79 188 60 89568 7178 all classes 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1501676 79306

per 1000 distn. of hhs. 629 7 73 3 64 72 35 63 1000 x x estd. hhs. (00) 944331 10166 109490 4410 96284 108076 52793 94188 1501676 x x sample hhs. 40270 531 6519 461 5497 8128 3643 10267 79306 x x *: includes households deriving income from non-economic activities and households not reporting principal household industry


A-11

Table (4): Per 1000 distribution of households by household monthly per capita expenditure class for each principal household industry all-India urban

principal household industry number of households mining & electricity, gas all* estd. sample

agriculture quarrying manufacturing and water construction trade transport services (incl. (00) (01-05) (10-14) (15-37) (40-41) (45) (50-55) (60-64) (65-99) n.r.)

household monthly

per capita consumer

expenditure class (Rs.) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

less than 335 79 9 29 6 62 29 39 13 33 18588 2015 335 – 395 65 12 31 8 75 34 39 16 32 18383 2129 395 - 485 116 36 77 28 140 84 88 37 73 41522 4345 485 - 580 175 80 98 54 139 107 102 60 93 53234 5191 580 - 675 128 58 104 96 145 106 115 69 97 55061 4212 675 - 790 109 87 108 70 85 113 106 66 93 52873 4102 790 - 930 96 181 96 90 95 108 113 96 99 56695 3861 930 - 1100 65 97 106 119 87 102 102 99 97 55486 3717 1100 – 1380 77 150 118 160 63 112 104 135 113 64158 4390 1380 – 1880 37 103 119 182 63 111 107 165 121 68766 5318 1880 - 2540 25 106 69 68 21 58 47 114 75 42908 3216


per 1000 distn. of hhs. 54 11 202 10 79 220 102 234 1000 x x estd. hhs. (00) 30509 6140 115305 5459 45230 125190 58236 133440 569821 x x sample hhs. 3265 463 7471 462 3735 10373 4351 11494 45374 x x *: includes households deriving income from non-economic activities and households not reporting principal household industry


A-12

Table (5): Per 1000 distribution of households by household monthly per capita expenditure class for each principal household occupation all-India rural

household households monthly per capita principal household occupation (NCO-1968 division) estd. sample

consumer 0-1 2 3 4 5 6 7, 8, 9 x all* (00) expenditure class (Rs.) (incl. n.r.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) less than 235 6 5 4 16 24 30 23 68 29 43469 1599

235 - 270 4 12 6 16 20 36 28 36 30 45422 1749 270 - 320 20 26 18 51 59 80 72 127 71 107187 4082 320 – 365 28 35 20 72 74 96 100 0 90 135399 5430 365 – 410 30 38 39 79 84 101 103 29 94 141226 6027 410 – 455 47 66 41 83 92 96 105 100 92 138208 6359 455 – 510 63 78 69 103 112 112 108 322 106 158808 7664 510 - 580 89 115 91 125 131 119 118 0 117 175065 8998 580 – 690 126 147 125 137 122 127 124 177 127 190433 11038 690 – 890 164 165 195 144 123 111 114 46 119 178853 11867 890 -1155 155 115 178 99 80 55 55 0 65 98040 7315


per 1000 distn. of hhs. 27 19 18 55 25 628 174 0 1000 x x estd. hhs. (00) 40008 28293 26771 82151 37773 943416 261868 336 1501676 x x sample hhs. 4944 2532 2761 6392 2825 40203 15657 31 79306 x x *: includes households deriving income from non-economic activities and households not reporting principal household occupation


A-13

Table (5): Per 1000 distribution of households by household monthly per capita expenditure class for each principal household occupation all-India urban

household households monthly per capita principal household occupation (NCO-1968 division) estd. sample

consumer 0-1 2 3 4 5 6 7, 8, 9 x all* (00) expenditure class (Rs.) (incl. n.r.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) less than 335 7 6 4 26 35 80 46 29 33 18588 2015

335 – 395 6 13 7 31 41 66 50 43 32 18383 2129 395 - 485 21 24 23 78 80 117 112 31 73 41522 4345 485 - 580 21 50 42 106 121 171 126 375 93 53234 5191 580 - 675 48 53 64 110 110 131 127 30 97 55061 4212 675 - 790 45 67 68 114 106 105 111 17 93 52873 4102 790 - 930 76 71 105 105 109 93 114 0 99 56695 3861 930 - 1100 87 85 118 99 108 67 103 12 97 55486 3717 1100 – 1380 130 105 158 117 122 81 99 121 113 64158 4390 1380 – 1880 199 184 209 115 106 36 73 258 121 68766 5318 1880 - 2540 159 147 124 58 43 25 28 0 75 42908 3216


per 1000 distn. of hhs. 89 96 90 154 85 54 343 0 1000 x x estd. hhs. (00) 50726 54694 51498 87983 48230 30893 195648 66 569821 x x sample hhs. 4268 3920 4153 7197 4273 3312 14485 22 45374 x x *: includes households deriving income from non-economic activities and households not reporting principal household occupation


A-14

Table (6): Per 1000 distribution of households by household type for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class all-India rural household monthly household type per households

per-capita self-employed in sub-total agri- other sub-total others n.r. total 1000 estimated sample expenditure agri- non- (col. 2 + cultural labour (col. 5+ distrn. (00) class (Rs.) culture agriculture col. 3) labour col.6) of hhs.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) less than 235 192 85 277 450 102 552 171 0 1000 29 43469 1599

235 - 270 263 105 368 472 102 574 58 0 1000 30 45422 1749 270 - 320 254 134 388 438 113 551 60 0 1000 71 107187 4082 320 – 365 288 147 435 375 123 498 67 0 1000 90 135399 5430 365 – 410 335 153 487 331 118 448 64 0 1000 94 141226 6027 410 – 455 350 160 511 295 131 426 63 0 1000 92 138208 6359 455 – 510 381 153 534 273 116 389 76 0 1000 106 158808 7664 510 - 580 392 172 564 239 108 347 88 0 1000 117 175065 8998 580 – 690 418 177 595 195 98 293 111 0 1000 127 190433 11038 690 – 890 428 167 595 146 104 250 155 0 1000 119 178853 11867 890 -1155 424 174 597 93 91 183 219 0 1000 65 98040 7315

1155 & above 337 169 506 42 81 123 371 1 1000 60 89568 7178 all classes 359 158 517 258 109 367 116 0 1000 1000 1501676 79306

average MPCE (Rs.) 573 576 574 424 512 451 787 543 550 x x x estd. hhs. (00) 539288 236689 775977 387612 163338 550950 174479 269 1501676 x x x sample hhs. 28102 17878 45980 11178 8775 19953 13355 18 79306 x x x


A-15

Table (6): Per 1000 distribution of households by household type for each household monthly per capita expenditure class all-India urban

household monthly household type per per-capita self- regular casual others n.r total 1000 households

expenditure employed salaried/ labour dist. estimated sample class (Rs.) wage of (00)

employee hhs. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

less than 335 384 156 332 127 1 1000 33 18588 2015 335 – 395 454 210 295 41 0 1000 32 18383 2129 395 - 485 441 235 271 53 0 1000 73 41522 4345 485 - 580 462 281 206 50 0 1000 93 53234 5191 580 - 675 416 344 186 53 1 1000 97 55061 4212 675 - 790 414 370 147 68 1 1000 93 52873 4102 790 - 930 394 429 102 74 1 1000 99 56695 3861 930 - 1100 362 476 80 82 1 1000 97 55486 3717 1100 – 1380 341 519 48 92 0 1000 113 64158 4390 1380 – 1880 315 551 24 109 1 1000 121 68766 5318 1880 - 2540 301 528 4 166 2 1000 75 42908 3216

2540 & above 275 489 3 233 0 1000 74 42146 2878 all classes 375 413 118 94 1 1000 1000 569821 45374

average MPCE (Rs.) 960 1283 571 1462 1144 1068 x x x estd. hhs. (00) 213704 235145 67066 53521 384 569821 x x x sample hhs. 17781 17583 5666 4310 34 45374 x x x


A-16

Table (7): Per 1000 distribution of households by household type for each size class of land owned (rural areas only) all-India rural size of land household type per average households owned self-employed in agri- other sub- others n.r. total 1000 area estd. sample (hectares) agri- non- cultural labour total distrn. of land (00)

culture agriculture labour of hhs. owned

sub- total

(col. 2 +col. 3)

(col. 5+ col.6) (0.00 hec.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) 0.000 48 160 208 233 197 430 362 0 1000 66 0.00 98920 4621 0.001 - 0.004 32 202 234 465 164 629 137 0 1000 96 0.00 144096 5853 0.005 – 0.40 150 222 372 357 149 506 122 0 1000 428 0.09 643219 32500 0.41 – 1.00 578 109 687 174 62 236 76 0 1000 186 0.66 279045 15699 1.01 – 2.00 762 64 826 87 26 113 61 0 1000 117 1.39 175187 9720 2.01 – 4.00 850 49 898 30 17 47 55 0 1000 72 2.64 107972 6451 ≥ 4.01 875 42 917 16 14 30 52 0 1000 35 7.20 53237 4462 all classes 359 158 517 258 109 367 116 0 1000 1000 0.77 1501676 79306 av. land owned per household (hec. 0.00)

1.62 0.32 1.22 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.52 1.53 0.77 x x x x

estd. hhs. (00) 539288 236689 775977 387612 163338 550950 174479 269 1501676 x x x x sample hhs. 28102 17878 45980 11178 8775 19953 13355 18 79306 x x x x


A-17

Table (8): Average area of land possessed and average household size by size class of land possessed and sex of the head of household (rural areas only)

all-India rural size class of sex of head of hh households land possessed male female all estimated. sample ( hectares) per 1000 average area average per 1000 average area average per 1000 average area average (00)

distribution of land household distribution of land household distribution of land hh. size

of possessed size of possessed size of possessed (0.0) households (0.00 hec.) (0.0) households (0.00 hec.) (0.0) households (0.00 hec.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 0.000 20 0.00 3.8 32 0.00 2.2 22 0.00 3.5 32351 2025 0.001 - 0.004 113 0.00 4.0 196 0.00 2.4 123 0.00 3.7 184024 7321 0.005 – 0.40 424 0.09 4.7 547 0.08 3.4 438 0.09 4.6 657410 33749 0.41 – 1.00 195 0.66 5.2 126 0.63 4.1 187 0.66 5.1 280812 15594 1.01 – 2.00 128 1.39 5.6 55 1.38 4.3 120 1.39 5.5 180243 9726 2.01 – 4.00 80 2.65 5.9 30 2.60 4.4 75 2.65 5.9 112084 6460 ≥ 4.01 39 6.77 6.9 14 6.17 5.4 36 6.74 6.8 54751 4431 all classes 1000 0.83 5.0 1000 0.37 3.4 1000 0.77 4.8 1501676 79306 estd. hhs. (00) 1332145 x x 169530 x x 1501676 x x x x sample hhs. 70583 x x 8723 x x 79306 x x x x


A-18

Table (9): Per 1000 distribution of households by household type for each size class of land cultivated (for rural areas only) all-India rural size class of household type per average households land cultivated self-employed in agri- other others n.r. total 1000 area of land estimated sample ( hectares) agri- non- cultural labour distrn. cultivated (00) culture agriculture

sub-total (col. 2 +

col. 3) labour

sub-total (col. 5+ col.6) of hhs. (0.00 hec.)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) 0.000 32 227 259 372 166 538 202 0 1000 428 0.00 642693 30364 0.001 - 0.004 66 174 240 323 305 628 133 0 1000 3 0.00 4464 255 0.005 – 0. 40 282 184 467 324 133 457 76 0 1000 190 0.21 285945 16093 0.41 – 1.00 658 93 752 152 49 201 47 0 1000 171 0.69 257230 14705 1.01 – 2.00 825 50 874 72 18 90 35 0 1000 113 1.43 169302 9011 2.01 – 4.00 898 37 935 23 11 34 31 0 1000 65 2.74 97431 5295 ≥ 4.01 917 34 951 11 11 22 27 0 1000 30 6.80 44610 3583 all classes 359 158 517 258 109 367 116 0 1000 1000 0.70 1501676 79306 av. land cultivated per household (hec. 0.00) 1.60 0.24 1.18 0.18 0.15 0.17 0.21 0.47 0.70 x x x x

estd. hhs. (00) 539288 236689 775977 387612 163338 550950 174479 269 1501676 x x x x sample hhs. 28102 17878 45980 11178 8775 19953 13355 18 79306 x x x x


A-19

Table (10): Per 1000 distribution of households by number of members who got work for at least 60 days in ‘public works’ during the last 365 days for each household type

all-India rural number of members household type households getting work in self-employed in sub- total agri- other sub- total others n.r all estimated sample ‘public works’ for agri- non- (col.2 & cultural labour (col. 5 & (00) at least 60 days culture agriculture col. 3) labour col.6) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) male: 0 552 525 544 515 548 525 528 659 535 803094 40369

1-2 9 7 8 26 39 30 8 22 16 24400 1624 3-4 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 1 824 45

5 and above 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 4 n.r. 439 468 448 458 411 444 464 319 448 673292 37264

all households 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1501676 79306 female: 0 554 527 545 524 563 535 534 673 540 811514 40904

1-2 5 4 5 13 16 13 2 0 8 11519 563 3-4 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 409 30

5 and above 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 2 n.r. 441 469 450 463 421 451 463 327 452 678194 37807

all households 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1501676 79306 estd. hhs. (00) 539288 236689 775977 387612 163338 550950 174479 269 1501676 x x sample hhs. 28102 17878 45980 11178 8775 19953 13355 18 79306 x x


A-20

Table (10): Per 1000 distribution of households by the number of members who got work for at least 60 days in ‘public works’ during the

last 365 days for each household type all-India urban number of members household type households getting work in self- regular casual others n.r total estimated sample ‘public works’ for employed salaried/ labour (00) at least 60 days wage employee (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) male: 0 537 545 543 545 569 542 308617 23910

1-2 2 6 10 2 1 5 2664 480 3-4 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 5

5 and above - - - - - - - 0 n.r. 461 449 448 453 431 454 258519 20979

all households 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 569821 45374 female: 0 538 549 546 547 569 545 310278 24118

1-2 1 1 4 2 0 1 788 85 3-4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2

5 and above - - - - - - - 0 n.r. 461 450 451 451 431 454 258754 21169

all households 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 569821 45374 estd. hhs. (00) 213704 235145 67066 53521 384 569821 x x sample hhs. 17781 17583 5666 4310 34 45374 x x


A-21

Table (11): Number of households with no literate member/female member of age 15 years and above per 1000 households and per 1000 distribution of households with no literate member of age 15+ by mpce class

all-India

estd. hhs. (00) with no literate households member of age (yrs)

female member of age(yrs)

sample no. per 1000 households

with no literate member of

age 15+

household monthly

per-capita expenditure class (Rs.)

all female

15 &above

5 & above

7 &above

15 & above

member member

per 1000 distn.of

hhs. with no literate

member of age 15+

5 & above

7 & above

estd. (00)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

rural

less than 235 444 644 49 10023 10546 19287 19226 20008 27998 43469 1599 235 - 270 436 711 51 9939 10432 19813 20412 21537 32302 45422 1749 270 - 320 382 681 104 20568 22319 40900 47033 49756 73014 107187 4082 320 – 365 352 632 122 25018 26828 47692 56673 60042 85535 135399 5430 365 – 410 306 583 110 23615 24416 43221 55825 58464 82361 141226 6027 410 – 455 292 574 103 23498 24743 40293 55803 57834 79349 138208 6359 455 – 510 271 543 110 26320 27352 43031 62278 64416 86295 158808 7664 510 - 580 243 496 109 27879 29076 42506 64903 66587 86811 175065 8998 580 – 690 209 436 102 28072 28889 39799 64887 66625 83090 190433 11038 690 – 890 186 385 85 26090 26504 33248 57442 58167 68882 178853 11867 890 -1155 141 302 35 12172 12296 13829 25368 25619 29635 98040 7315


urban

less than 335 270 500 105 2652 2734 5020 5897 6104 9291 18588 2015 335 – 395 219 476 84 2330 2436 4028 5394 5658 8754 18383 2129 395 - 485 198 427 171 4560 4785 8223 10642 11313 17743 41522 4345 485 - 580 145 334 161 5268 5527 7708 12426 12690 17761 53234 5191 580 - 675 120 296 138 3983 4083 6612 10594 10871 16312 55061 4212 675 - 790 83 226 92 2745 2806 4390 8596 8750 11936 52873 4102 790 - 930 71 189 84 3159 3208 4029 8503 8605 10710 56695 3861 930 - 1100 53 130 61 2376 2418 2942 5881 5967 7191 55486 3717 1100 – 1380 46 90 61 2590 2592 2935 4931 4951 5751 64158 4390 1380 – 1880 23 58 33 1370 1423 1570 3475 3508 3986 68766 5318 1880 - 2540 9 31 8 367 373 407 1279 1279 1313 42908 3216



A-22

Table (12): Per 1000 distribution of households with at least one member of age 15 years and above by number of usual status workers (ps+ss) of age 15 years and

above for each household monthly per capita expenditure class all-India sex of head of household : female rural

number of usual status workers (15 years & above) in the households with at least 1 member of age 15 years and above

estimated hhs. (00)

no worker only 1 only 1 only 1 others total with at least one all

sample hhs.

nor with male female male member female any at least worker worker & 1 of age member of

unem- one female 15 years age15 yrs.

household monthly per capita

expenditure class (Rs.)

ployed unemployed worker & above & above (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

less than 235 246 0 27 409 37 281 1000 3909 3909 5070 171 235 - 270 210 5 47 256 112 369 1000 4917 4917 4934 182 270 - 320 266 8 31 275 102 318 1000 9185 9185 9185 377 320 – 365 241 10 36 274 84 356 1000 13092 13092 13353 535 365 – 410 203 3 42 283 139 329 1000 13898 13898 14251 579 410 – 455 166 4 45 333 128 323 1000 13547 13547 13689 616 455 – 510 177 8 47 350 127 291 1000 16055 16055 16059 755 510 - 580 217 6 52 332 101 292 1000 19532 19532 19533 931 580 – 690 196 14 60 341 136 254 1000 21120 21120 21438 1189 690 – 890 252 8 45 363 103 229 1000 24633 24633 24706 1462 890 -1155 233 14 64 357 114 218 1000 13198 13198 13210 918


estd. hhs.(00) 37888 1395 7954 55423 18546 45861 167068 x x x x sample hhs. 1914 98 476 2608 964 2621 8681 x x x x


A-23


above for each household monthly per capita expenditure class all-India sex of head of household : all rural


estimated hhs. (00)


sample hhs.






less than 235 55 0 132 56 320 436 1000 38814 37892 43469 1599 235 - 270 33 1 150 37 324 456 1000 45306 44942 45422 1749 270 - 320 33 2 138 30 317 480 1000 107034 106033 107187 4082 320 – 365 33 2 152 35 309 470 1000 134212 132649 135399 5430 365 – 410 30 2 161 31 301 474 1000 140424 138773 141226 6027 410 – 455 27 2 164 39 299 469 1000 137922 136313 138208 6359 455 – 510 28 1 184 39 293 455 1000 158723 156573 158808 7664 510 - 580 37 2 203 44 280 435 1000 175015 172004 175065 8998 580 – 690 42 2 216 48 273 419 1000 189060 182850 190433 11038 690 – 890 54 2 233 56 249 405 1000 178307 171463 178853 11867 890 -1155 54 4 272 52 227 391 1000 97613 90268 98040 7315




A-24


above for each household monthly per capita expenditure class all-India sex of head of household : female urban


estimated hhs. (00)


sample hhs.






less than 335 191 13 108 272 118 298 1000 2259 2259 2683 334 335 – 395 94 17 72 234 161 422 1000 2154 2154 2242 321 395 - 485 152 8 92 234 85 428 1000 4581 4581 4677 612 485 - 580 134 5 126 227 97 411 1000 6470 6470 6667 714 580 - 675 146 19 95 295 103 341 1000 5707 5707 5854 541 675 - 790 204 11 137 232 140 276 1000 5842 5842 5939 509 790 - 930 145 11 215 262 125 241 1000 6052 6052 6145 459 930 - 1100 254 18 151 203 115 259 1000 5834 5834 5848 442 1100 – 1380 345 35 137 179 102 201 1000 6126 6126 6133 484 1380 – 1880 283 29 183 234 92 179 1000 6994 6994 6994 595 1880 - 2540 393 71 123 199 77 137 1000 4975 4975 4975 376




A-25


above for each household monthly per capita expenditure class all-India sex of head of household : all urban


estimated hhs. (00)


sample hhs.






less than 335 70 4 306 47 190 383 1000 17618 16641 18588 2015 335 – 395 20 5 317 37 202 420 1000 18245 18099 18383 2129 395 - 485 31 3 328 34 183 421 1000 41230 40567 41522 4345 485 - 580 30 2 348 34 163 423 1000 52899 51764 53234 5191 580 - 675 31 7 401 38 156 367 1000 54813 52865 55061 4212 675 - 790 39 10 451 31 147 323 1000 52420 49628 52873 4102 790 - 930 48 9 455 34 142 312 1000 56304 52107 56695 3861 930 - 1100 67 5 488 28 128 284 1000 55397 48973 55486 3717 1100 – 1380 70 9 537 28 116 240 1000 63914 53877 64158 4390 1380 – 1880 88 9 545 32 114 212 1000 68504 57389 68766 5318 1880 - 2540 132 17 505 34 135 176 1000 42584 35764 42908 3216



NSS Report No .515: Employment and Unemployment Situation in India, 2004-05

A-26

Table (13): Number of persons who received benefit from different schemes per 1000 persons and their per 1000 distribution by MPCE class for each type of benefit all-India

MPCE class

persons benefited from the scheme

estimated sample

name of the scheme

number per 1000

received benefit

from the scheme

less than 235

235 - 270

270 - 320

320 – 365

365 – 410

410 – 455

455 – 510

510 - 580

580 – 690

690 – 890

890 -1155

1155 &

above

all classes

(00)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) rural male

Annapurna 4 25 22 85 176 134 127 176 88 70 53 27 17 1000 15735 741 ICDS 18 90 51 109 115 128 111 95 97 90 67 35 13 1000 64704 3653 Midday meal 81 44 49 127 140 140 116 111 101 88 56 19 9 1000 299743 14655 Food for work 8 94 55 129 106 113 106 100 84 90 76 36 11 1000 30946 1714 any of the schemes 112 54 49 123 135 136 115 110 99 88 59 23 10 1000 411127 20763 estd. persons (00) 411127 119074 133147 316746 379355 385698 369853 402228 420403 436064 377785 197008 154572 3691933 x x sample persons 20763 4573 5212 12350 15816 17054 17806 20641 23543 27937 28233 16277 13873 203315 x x

rural female


rural person


NSS Report No .515: Employment and Unemployment Situation in India, 2004-05

A-27

Table (13): Number of persons who received benefit from different schemes per 1000 persons and their per 1000 distribution by MPCE class for each type of benefit all-India

MPCE class

persons benefited from the scheme

estimated sample

name of the scheme

number per 1000

received benefit

from the scheme

less than 335

335 – 395

395 - 485

485 - 580

580 - 675

675 - 790

790 - 930

930 - 1100

1100 – 1380

1380 –

1880

1880 -

2540

2540 &

above

all classes

(00)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) urban male


urban female


urban person



A-28

Table (14): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class all India rural male

household age-group (years) per persons

monthly 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 & total 1000 estd. sample per-capita above dist. (00)

expenditure of class (Rs.) persons

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

less than 235 167 205 155 67 44 62 63 66 57 34 21 16 44 1000 32 119074 4573 235 - 270 171 184 130 74 51 63 69 77 51 35 24 21 49 1000 36 133147 5212 270 - 320 153 170 135 79 60 67 71 73 48 38 29 21 56 1000 86 316746 12350 320 – 365 139 162 141 89 61 67 68 66 54 45 30 23 55 1000 103 379355 15816 365 – 410 132 150 135 96 68 69 69 67 53 44 31 26 61 1000 104 385698 17054 410 – 455 121 135 136 100 74 70 66 69 52 50 33 30 66 1000 100 369853 17806 455 – 510 109 126 133 104 82 71 65 71 62 47 37 30 64 1000 109 402228 20641 510 - 580 97 112 127 110 89 74 64 66 55 57 40 33 75 1000 114 420403 23543 580 – 690 85 98 124 111 95 77 63 73 60 55 45 33 80 1000 118 436064 27937 690 – 890 79 83 106 113 104 80 64 64 63 65 50 39 90 1000 102 377785 28233 890 -1155 64 72 101 125 101 78 66 61 69 73 51 40 99 1000 53 197008 16277

1155 & above 49 58 89 117 110 72 67 66 70 73 69 48 111 1000 42 154572 13873 all classes 111 126 127 101 80 72 66 68 57 51 38 30 71 1000 1000 3691933 203315

estd. persons (00) 411279 466616 469224 372478 296037 264954 243981 252370 210855 190029 141717 111076 261318 3691933 x x x

sample persons 21386 24315 24981 20801 17163 15135 13783 13871 11669 10701 8056 6560 14894 203315 x x x


A-29

Table (14): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class all India rural female




(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

less than 235 170 188 139 65 69 72 78 65 33 25 19 21 54 1000 35 123725 4820 235 - 270 167 177 126 70 76 77 83 60 32 27 26 19 60 1000 40 141545 5518 270 - 320 150 162 128 73 78 85 82 58 38 32 28 25 61 1000 90 318491 12513 320 – 365 143 153 122 83 83 78 79 63 50 33 30 23 59 1000 107 381007 15822 365 – 410 124 145 128 86 84 75 84 66 47 40 30 27 64 1000 107 379272 16888 410 – 455 122 128 118 91 88 81 79 66 51 47 38 27 64 1000 100 353403 17221 455 – 510 104 117 119 92 93 81 84 75 54 46 34 31 70 1000 107 381006 19671 510 - 580 95 105 111 95 92 78 80 75 62 53 41 34 79 1000 112 398524 22397 580 – 690 86 94 100 102 96 80 78 81 62 57 43 35 86 1000 114 404970 26069 690 – 890 72 72 92 105 98 77 76 82 73 67 46 39 100 1000 100 353711 26324 890 -1155 58 66 89 106 92 78 72 93 82 68 53 45 99 1000 50 177143 14956


estd. persons (00) 391902 426932 400889 321542 314096 279582 281476 257653 199082 170650 132306 110335 265081 3551527 x x x



A-30

Table (14): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class all India rural person




(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

less than 235 169 196 147 66 56 67 71 66 45 30 20 18 49 1000 34 242799 9393 235 - 270 169 180 128 72 64 70 76 69 41 31 25 20 55 1000 38 274692 10730 270 - 320 151 166 132 76 69 76 77 66 43 35 28 23 59 1000 88 635237 24863 320 – 365 141 158 131 86 72 72 73 65 52 39 30 23 57 1000 105 760362 31638 365 – 410 128 147 132 91 76 72 76 67 50 42 30 26 63 1000 106 764969 33942 410 – 455 122 131 127 95 81 75 72 68 51 48 35 28 65 1000 100 723255 35027 455 – 510 107 121 126 98 87 76 74 73 58 46 36 30 67 1000 108 783235 40312 510 - 580 96 109 119 103 91 76 72 70 58 55 41 34 77 1000 113 818927 45940 580 – 690 86 96 113 107 96 78 70 77 61 56 44 34 83 1000 116 841034 54006 690 – 890 76 78 99 110 101 78 70 73 68 66 48 39 95 1000 101 731495 54557 890 -1155 61 69 95 116 97 78 68 76 76 71 52 42 99 1000 52 374151 31233


estd. persons (00) 803181 893548 870113 694020 610133 544536 525457 510023 409937 360679 274023 221411 526399 7243460 x x x



A-31

Table (14): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class all India urban male




(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

less than 335 145 169 152 113 58 57 67 67 49 31 29 20 43 1000 42 54334 5977 335 – 395 120 150 147 107 75 69 64 74 60 36 26 18 54 1000 42 54339 6160 395 - 485 121 144 121 113 81 79 67 75 55 46 27 21 50 1000 92 119087 12069 485 - 580 114 121 111 109 90 88 83 73 55 45 33 24 55 1000 111 143110 13524 580 - 675 101 103 119 116 101 76 81 76 62 51 33 20 59 1000 110 141891 10813 675 - 790 92 95 113 112 103 86 87 81 58 51 35 30 56 1000 99 128024 10252 790 - 930 81 91 95 115 113 87 77 79 69 65 33 33 62 1000 102 131623 9134 930 - 1100 79 83 93 106 107 100 87 78 70 59 47 31 60 1000 94 120694 8323 1100 – 1380 62 71 96 104 113 97 78 87 76 62 51 34 68 1000 100 128756 9281 1380 – 1880 53 66 72 104 126 106 82 68 75 75 59 37 78 1000 101 129751 10057 1880 - 2540 49 51 85 109 120 94 73 72 82 68 68 45 85 1000 58 74305 5464


estd. persons (00) 111955 124269 134402 140384 133065 113223 100813 97319 84145 72633 54780 39744 82861 1289592 x x x



A-32

Table (14): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class all India urban female




(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

less than 335 137 158 157 88 67 74 76 62 36 36 26 23 59 1000 46 54055 6277 335 – 395 128 148 146 94 89 66 79 68 43 31 24 25 59 1000 49 57802 6311 395 - 485 117 131 137 104 90 75 79 64 48 38 30 30 58 1000 98 116208 11889 485 - 580 112 109 116 100 97 93 80 66 55 40 31 29 72 1000 117 138455 13324 580 - 675 89 103 120 106 100 91 85 78 51 47 32 30 70 1000 111 132096 10374 675 - 790 83 102 110 105 100 92 94 69 60 52 37 28 68 1000 100 119080 9557 790 - 930 78 96 105 99 102 90 81 91 66 50 41 27 74 1000 99 117815 8307 930 - 1100 77 76 86 95 113 98 85 89 68 59 45 36 74 1000 89 105637 7544 1100 – 1380 61 71 94 101 100 91 88 92 82 64 43 34 79 1000 95 112186 8288 1380 – 1880 54 61 78 100 106 89 85 88 89 74 53 34 88 1000 94 111608 9102 1880 - 2540 44 47 77 86 94 82 90 96 90 81 69 44 100 1000 54 64130 4828


estd. persons (00) 100225 112279 127541 116446 116854 102726 98640 94111 76790 64803 48211 37719 89572 1185916 x x x



A-33

Table (14): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each household monthly per-capita expenditure class all India urban person




(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

less than 335 141 164 154 100 62 66 72 64 43 33 28 21 51 1000 44 108389 12254 335 – 395 124 149 146 100 82 68 72 71 51 34 25 22 56 1000 45 112147 12472 395 - 485 119 137 129 108 86 77 73 70 52 42 29 25 54 1000 95 235295 23958 485 - 580 113 115 113 104 94 91 82 69 55 43 32 26 63 1000 114 281565 26848 580 - 675 95 103 120 111 100 83 83 77 57 49 32 25 64 1000 111 273988 21187 675 - 790 88 98 112 109 101 89 90 75 59 51 36 29 62 1000 100 247104 19809 790 - 930 79 93 100 107 108 89 79 85 68 58 37 30 68 1000 101 249438 17441 930 - 1100 78 79 90 101 110 99 86 83 69 59 46 33 66 1000 91 226331 15867 1100 – 1380 61 71 95 103 107 94 82 90 79 63 47 34 73 1000 97 240942 17569 1380 – 1880 53 64 75 102 117 98 83 78 81 75 56 36 82 1000 97 241359 19159 1880 - 2540 47 49 81 98 108 88 81 83 86 74 69 45 92 1000 56 138435 10292


estd. persons (00) 212179 236548 261943 256830 249919 215948 199452 191431 160935 137436 102991 77463 172439 2475514 x x x



A-34

Table (15): Per 1000 distribution of persons (of age 10 years & above) by marital status for each age-group all-India age-group marital status per 1000 persons (years) never currently widowe d divorced/ n.r. total distribu- estimated sample married married separated tion of (00) persons (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

rural male

10 - 14 996 4 0 0 0 1000 167 469224 24981 15 - 19 961 38 0 1 0 1000 132 372478 20801 20 - 24 613 384 2 2 0 1000 105 296037 17163 25 - 29 225 762 6 5 1 1000 94 264954 15135 30 - 34 69 918 9 5 0 1000 87 243981 13783 35 - 39 25 956 13 5 0 1000 90 252370 13871 40 - 44 15 958 23 4 0 1000 75 210855 11669 45 - 49 11 947 38 4 0 1000 68 190029 10701 50 - 54 11 926 60 3 0 1000 50 141717 8056 55 - 59 10 911 75 4 0 1000 39 111076 6560 60 & above 12 791 195 3 0 1000 93 261318 14894 all (10 +) 391 575 31 3 0 1000 1000 2814038 157614 estd. persons (00) 1100496 1617868 87237 8131 306 2814038 x x x sample persons 64178 88543 4486 390 17 157614 x x x

rural female



A-35

Table (15): Per 1000 distribution of persons (of age 10 years & above) by marital status for each age-group all-India age-group marital status per 1000 persons (years) never currently widowed divorced/ n.r. total distribu- estimated sample married married separated tion of (00) persons (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

rural person


urban male



A-36

Table (15): Per 1000 distribution of persons (of age 10 years & above) by marital status for each age-group all-India age-group marital status per 1000 persons (years) never currently widowed divorced/ n.r. total distribu- estimated sample married married separated tion of (00) persons (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

urban female


urban person



A-37

Table (16): Per 1000 distribution of persons of age 5 years & above by general education level for each age-group

all-India rural male age-group general education level per 1000 persons

(years) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 10 11 12 13 n.r. total dist. of estimated sample persons (00)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) 5 - 9 327 5 31 11 599 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1000 142 466616 24315

10 - 14 88 1 13 11 315 423 144 4 0 0 0 0 0 1000 143 469224 24981 15 - 19 127 1 5 8 81 183 335 192 61 4 2 0 0 1000 114 372478 20801 20 - 24 177 5 7 11 86 162 236 129 118 16 47 6 0 1000 90 296037 17163 25 - 29 238 6 7 13 86 158 213 129 69 15 52 14 0 1000 81 264954 15135 30 - 34 279 5 10 13 91 154 199 105 64 16 49 15 1 1000 74 243981 13783 35 - 39 358 6 11 15 101 147 162 92 46 12 39 9 0 1000 77 252370 13871 40 - 44 394 9 10 12 105 149 152 80 39 10 32 9 0 1000 64 210855 11669 45 - 49 414 11 11 14 114 144 145 67 37 8 28 7 0 1000 58 190029 10701 50 - 54 442 6 12 15 105 142 129 76 32 7 28 7 0 1000 43 141717 8056 55 - 59 484 9 13 15 116 139 98 62 25 8 23 7 0 1000 34 111076 6560

60 & above 582 11 13 17 109 118 72 45 13 6 10 4 0 1000 80 261318 14894 7 & above 272 5 12 12 186 184 167 82 42 8 23 6 0 1000 940 3083387 171730

15 & above 320 6 9 13 96 153 191 107 55 10 31 7 0 1000 715 2344814 132633 5 & above 288 5 13 12 199 173 157 77 39 7 22 5 0 1000 1000 3280655 181929

estd. persons (00) 945084 17782 42183 40392 653285 568297 516019 253511 129386 24343 71632 17376 1366 3280655 x x x sample persons 40821 1101 2211 2300 35314 32055 31100 17538 9665 1916 6204 1585 119 181929 x x x


A-38


all-India rural female

age-group general education level per 1000 persons (years) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 10 11 12 13 n.r. total dist. of estimated sample

persons (00) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

5 - 9 350 4 30 11 578 26 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1000 135 426932 21899 10 - 14 147 2 13 13 295 393 131 3 0 0 0 0 1 1000 127 400889 21882 15 - 19 253 2 7 9 75 173 268 152 56 3 2 0 0 1000 102 321542 18265 20 - 24 405 4 7 10 85 128 166 86 69 9 25 6 1 1000 99 314096 17920 25 - 29 488 4 6 10 81 129 139 68 33 10 24 8 0 1000 88 279582 15805 30 - 34 588 5 8 13 79 109 105 49 22 5 13 5 0 1000 89 281476 15287 35 - 39 632 6 6 11 77 112 86 42 16 5 6 2 0 1000 82 257653 14088 40 - 44 688 5 7 9 72 98 72 30 9 3 6 1 0 1000 63 199082 11100 45 - 49 736 4 6 9 64 87 55 25 6 2 4 0 1 1000 54 170650 9692 50 - 54 780 3 7 8 65 71 42 14 5 3 3 0 0 1000 42 132306 7597 55 - 59 826 4 7 5 49 62 27 11 3 3 2 0 0 1000 35 110335 6296

60 & above 885 4 4 6 42 38 13 4 2 1 0 0 0 1000 84 265081 14837 7 & above 495 4 10 10 154 141 107 45 21 4 8 2 0 1000 943 2978705 165490

15 & above 585 4 7 9 71 108 113 57 27 5 10 3 0 1000 738 2331804 130887 5 & above 498 4 11 10 168 133 100 43 20 3 7 2 0 1000 1000 3159625 174668

estd. persons (00) 1573284 11956 33586 31720 530853 420350 317371 134870 63626 10909 23422 6218 1459 3159625 x x x



A-39


all-India rural person


persons (00) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

5 - 9 338 4 31 11 589 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1000 139 893548 46214 10 - 14 115 2 13 12 306 409 138 4 0 0 0 0 0 1000 135 870113 46863 15 - 19 185 2 6 9 78 178 304 173 58 3 2 0 0 1000 108 694020 39066 20 - 24 294 4 7 10 85 145 200 107 93 12 36 6 0 1000 95 610133 35083 25 - 29 366 5 7 12 83 143 175 97 50 12 38 11 0 1000 85 544536 30940 30 - 34 444 5 9 13 84 130 149 75 42 10 30 10 0 1000 82 525457 29070 35 - 39 496 6 9 13 89 129 123 67 31 8 22 6 0 1000 79 510023 27959 40 - 44 537 7 8 11 89 124 113 55 24 7 20 5 0 1000 64 409937 22769 45 - 49 566 8 9 12 91 117 102 47 22 5 17 4 1 1000 56 360679 20393 50 - 54 605 4 9 12 86 107 87 46 19 5 16 4 0 1000 43 274023 15653 55 - 59 654 6 10 10 83 101 63 36 14 5 13 4 0 1000 34 221411 12856

60 & above 735 8 8 12 75 78 42 24 8 4 5 2 0 1000 82 526399 29731 7 & above 381 4 11 11 171 163 137 64 32 6 16 4 0 1000 941 6062091 337220

15 & above 452 5 8 11 84 130 152 82 41 7 20 5 0 1000 726 4676618 263520 5 & above 391 5 12 11 184 154 129 60 30 5 15 4 0 1000 1000 6440279 356597

estd. persons (00) 2518368 29738 75769 72112 1184138 988647 833390 388381 193012 35252 95054 23594 2825 6440279 x x x



A-40


all-India urban male


persons (00) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

5 - 9 235 10 19 13 684 37 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1000 106 124269 10835 10 - 14 50 1 5 7 230 493 207 6 0 1 1 0 0 1000 114 134402 11772 15 - 19 64 2 4 5 48 140 314 271 135 12 4 0 0 1000 119 140384 11301 20 - 24 78 1 4 6 46 121 216 136 197 40 138 16 0 1000 113 133065 9992 25 - 29 94 3 2 6 50 113 210 156 107 48 157 55 0 1000 96 113223 8476 30 - 34 108 2 4 6 55 117 169 161 111 49 173 46 0 1000 86 100813 8125 35 - 39 138 4 5 13 68 139 174 134 97 37 144 47 0 1000 83 97319 7905 40 - 44 140 4 8 7 67 122 164 150 100 43 140 55 0 1000 71 84145 6810 45 - 49 138 9 8 11 64 128 159 162 87 36 151 47 0 1000 62 72633 6031 50 - 54 155 3 5 10 68 112 147 150 90 34 169 55 1 1000 47 54780 4474 55 - 59 164 7 10 10 80 114 124 159 93 30 153 57 0 1000 34 39744 3327

60 & above 237 6 7 10 85 139 115 165 66 25 103 42 1 1000 70 82861 6894 7 & above 112 3 6 8 127 165 183 139 95 29 102 31 0 1000 956 1125768 91480

15 & above 121 4 5 8 60 126 194 169 116 35 125 37 0 1000 780 918966 73335 5 & above 125 4 7 8 145 158 175 133 91 27 98 29 0 1000 1000 1177638 95942

estd. persons (00) 146620 4827 7682 9724 170830 186407 206425 156462 106618 32286 115030 34355 371 1177638 x x x



A-41


all-India urban female


persons (00) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

5 - 9 234 8 27 11 678 40 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1000 103 112279 9817 10 - 14 64 2 5 9 213 472 223 12 1 0 0 0 0 1000 117 127541 10796 15 - 19 94 3 1 5 42 125 277 269 165 9 8 1 0 1000 107 116446 9781 20 - 24 156 3 3 7 45 107 185 130 159 26 152 28 0 1000 108 116854 9418 25 - 29 188 3 2 7 49 115 184 126 95 24 148 59 0 1000 95 102726 8722 30 - 34 262 3 8 6 49 125 163 126 84 17 117 40 0 1000 91 98640 8167 35 - 39 284 5 4 8 64 136 158 124 66 20 93 36 1 1000 87 94111 7897 40 - 44 332 4 6 8 64 128 143 124 63 16 82 31 0 1000 71 76790 6244 45 - 49 361 5 7 9 69 127 142 107 54 9 91 20 0 1000 60 64803 5316 50 - 54 382 7 6 9 82 113 133 108 61 11 61 28 0 1000 44 48211 3968 55 - 59 432 7 5 9 81 122 124 83 42 13 62 20 0 1000 35 37719 3223

60 & above 574 8 7 12 92 111 79 63 15 4 22 12 0 1000 83 89572 7571 7 & above 241 4 6 8 126 160 164 111 73 13 71 23 0 1000 958 1040384 86884

15 & above 279 4 5 8 60 121 168 135 90 16 87 28 0 1000 779 845871 70307 5 & above 249 5 7 8 142 154 157 106 70 12 68 22 0 1000 1000 1085691 90920

estd. persons (00) 270325 4957 7598 8709 154138 166664 170587 115442 76279 13330 73758 23621 283 1085691 x x x



A-42


all-India urban person


persons (00) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18)

5 - 9 234 9 23 12 681 38 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1000 105 236548 20652 10 - 14 56 2 5 8 222 482 215 9 0 1 1 0 0 1000 116 261943 22568 15 - 19 78 3 3 5 46 133 298 270 149 11 6 0 0 1000 113 256830 21082 20 - 24 115 2 4 6 46 114 202 133 179 33 144 22 0 1000 110 249919 19410 25 - 29 139 3 2 7 50 114 197 141 101 36 153 57 0 1000 95 215948 17198 30 - 34 184 3 6 6 52 121 166 143 98 33 146 43 0 1000 88 199452 16292 35 - 39 210 5 5 11 66 137 166 129 82 29 119 42 0 1000 85 191431 15802 40 - 44 231 4 7 7 66 125 154 137 82 30 113 44 0 1000 71 160935 13054 45 - 49 243 7 7 10 66 127 151 136 71 23 123 34 0 1000 61 137436 11347 50 - 54 261 5 5 9 74 112 140 131 76 23 119 43 1 1000 46 102991 8442 55 - 59 294 7 8 9 80 118 124 122 68 22 109 39 0 1000 34 77463 6550

60 & above 412 7 7 11 89 124 96 112 40 14 61 26 0 1000 76 172439 14466 7 & above 174 4 6 8 127 163 174 126 84 21 87 27 0 1000 957 2166158 178365

15 & above 196 4 5 8 60 123 182 153 104 26 107 33 0 1000 780 1764843 143643 5 & above 184 4 7 8 144 156 167 120 81 20 83 26 0 1000 1000 2263334 186863

estd. persons (00) 416944 9784 15280 18433 324968 353072 377012 271904 182896 45616 188794 57976 654 2263334 x x x



A-43

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India rural male

usual activity age group (years) persons (principal) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 & 15-24 15 & all estd. sam-

status industry above above (00) ple (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) 11,12,21 01-05 0 1 25 159 303 357 341 368 384 432 457 487 426 223 347 224 825167 46052 10-45 0 0 3 21 40 55 58 59 58 58 46 44 30 29 45 29 107440 7539 50-93 0 0 4 34 83 108 132 114 111 99 86 75 51 56 87 56 204975 15557 01-93 0 1 32 213 427 520 532 541 552 589 589 607 507 308 478 308 1137582 69148 31 01-05 0 0 1 5 6 8 9 10 10 9 8 9 3 6 7 5 17897 1044 10-45 0 0 1 10 26 27 29 28 23 25 19 13 2 17 20 13 47476 2697 50-99 0 0 1 18 47 59 68 60 68 65 76 60 7 31 48 31 114340 10951 01-99 0 0 3 33 79 94 106 98 101 99 102 82 12 54 76 49 179713 14692 41 x 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2986 324 51 01-05 0 0 13 134 196 227 237 252 237 223 208 194 94 161 195 126 463663 13968 10-45 0 0 3 57 93 91 84 77 75 51 47 34 13 73 65 42 154176 7719 50-99 0 0 2 15 23 22 17 16 13 14 11 6 2 18 15 10 35393 2048 01-99 0 0 19 206 313 341 338 345 325 288 266 234 109 253 275 177 653231 23735 41 & 51 01-99 0 0 19 207 314 342 340 347 326 289 267 235 110 254 276 178 656217 24059 11-51 01-05 0 1 40 298 506 593 587 630 631 664 673 690 523 390 549 354 1306937 61104 10-45 0 0 7 89 161 174 173 166 157 135 113 92 47 121 131 84 311501 18196 50-99 0 0 7 66 154 189 217 190 192 178 173 142 60 105 150 96 355074 28599 01-99 0 2 54 453 820 956 977 986 979 977 958 924 630 615 830 535 1973512 107899 81 x 0 0 3 39 54 23 10 4 4 3 2 2 1 45 18 12 43306 3090 11-81 x 0 2 57 491 874 980 987 990 983 980 960 926 631 661 848 546 2016818 110989 91 x 0 803 870 471 108 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 310 90 269 993362 57518 92 x 0 1 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 7 4 3 2 6935 468 93 x 0 1 5 4 3 1 2 1 1 1 3 2 5 4 2 2 8404 498 94 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 5 20 89 0 12 8 27829 1927 95 x 0 2 4 7 9 6 6 6 9 10 17 26 65 8 15 10 38667 1815 97 x 0 192 63 22 4 2 2 1 4 6 12 24 202 14 30 51 188639 8714 99 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 111 411279 21386 91-99 x 1000 998 943 509 126 20 13 10 17 20 40 74 369 339 152 454 1675115 92326 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3691933 203315 per 1000 dist. of persons 111 126 127 101 80 72 66 68 57 51 38 30 71 181 635 1000 x x estd. persons (00) 411279 466616 469224 372478 296037 264954 243981 252370 210855 190029 141717 111076 261318 668515 2344814 3691933 x x sample persons 21386 24315 24981 20801 17163 15135 13783 13871 11669 10701 8056 6560 14894 37964 132633 203315 x x


A-44

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India rural female


status industry above above (00) ple (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) 11,12,21 01-05 0 1 22 84 121 153 182 214 231 239 230 222 114 102 166 111 395309 23997 10-45 0 0 6 28 24 27 26 27 24 25 16 14 9 26 23 16 55608 3149 50-93 0 0 1 5 8 15 17 22 18 18 17 15 12 6 14 9 32668 2731 01-93 0 1 29 117 153 194 224 263 274 282 263 250 134 135 202 136 483584 29877 31 01-05 0 0 0 1 1 1 3 3 4 3 3 0 0 1 2 1 4525 239 10-45 0 0 0 5 3 5 3 4 2 3 3 3 1 4 3 2 7603 396 50-99 0 0 1 4 12 15 15 21 16 16 15 10 4 8 12 8 28806 2493 01-99 0 0 1 9 16 21 21 28 22 22 21 13 4 12 17 12 40933 3128 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1076 86 51 01-05 0 0 17 84 99 136 162 172 159 164 141 121 54 91 125 84 298545 9513 10-45 0 0 2 12 14 13 15 16 16 11 8 6 3 13 12 8 28665 1270 50-99 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 2 4 3 3 4 2 1 2 1 5074 316 01-99 0 0 19 97 114 151 178 190 179 179 152 131 58 105 139 94 332285 11099 41 & 51 01-99 0 0 19 97 115 151 179 191 180 179 152 131 59 106 140 94 333360 11185 11-51 01-05 0 1 39 169 221 289 346 390 394 406 374 343 168 195 293 197 698395 33755 10-45 0 0 8 45 42 45 44 48 43 40 28 23 13 43 38 26 92836 4886 50-99 0 0 2 9 21 33 33 45 38 37 35 29 17 15 28 19 66648 5549 01-99 0 1 49 222 284 367 424 482 475 483 436 394 197 253 359 242 857878 44190 81 x 0 0 1 16 29 20 12 7 5 3 2 2 1 22 12 8 27847 2000 11-81 x 0 2 51 238 313 387 435 488 480 487 439 396 199 275 371 249 885725 46190 91 x 0 769 770 330 41 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 187 52 213 757639 45171 92 x 0 3 57 224 340 283 245 216 227 230 258 278 242 281 256 175 619969 36450 93 x 0 3 51 190 296 319 313 286 282 268 270 256 155 242 262 178 633558 33668 94 x 0 0 0 0 2 3 4 4 4 4 9 15 51 1 9 6 21654 1350 95 x 0 1 2 3 4 3 2 4 4 6 8 15 55 4 10 7 25720 1369 97 x 0 222 69 15 3 1 1 1 2 5 16 39 296 9 40 61 215360 10470 99 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 110 391902 20042 91-99 x 1000 998 949 762 687 613 565 512 520 513 561 604 801 725 629 751 2665802 148520 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3551527 194710 per 1000 dist. of persons 110 120 113 91 88 79 79 73 56 48 37 31 75 179 657 1000 x x estd. persons (00) 391902 426932 400889 321542 314096 2795 82 281476 257653 199082 170650 132306 110335 265081 635638 2331804 3551527 x x sample persons 20042 21899 21882 18265 17920 15805 15287 14088 11100 9692 7597 6296 14837 36185 130887 194710 x x


A-45

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India rural person




A-46

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India urban male




A-47

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India urban female


status industry above above (00) ple (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) 11,12,21 01-05 0 0 2 6 9 11 18 20 24 20 20 23 11 7 15 11 12577 1477 10-45 0 1 11 27 29 30 37 36 34 27 20 21 18 28 29 22 25943 2154 50-93 0 0 2 8 21 31 36 53 34 46 43 30 21 14 30 22 26014 2432 01-93 0 1 15 41 58 72 91 109 92 93 83 74 50 50 74 54 64535 6063 31 01-05 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 1 4 0 0 1 1 669 54 10-45 0 0 2 9 13 17 19 17 15 11 8 10 3 11 13 9 10992 683 50-99 0 0 5 23 61 70 78 92 105 82 92 71 15 42 65 47 55854 4791 01-99 0 0 6 32 75 88 98 110 120 94 101 85 19 54 79 57 67514 5528 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 138 28 51 01-05 0 0 2 5 9 8 15 18 18 15 17 15 9 7 12 9 10305 792 10-45 0 0 1 11 9 14 21 17 21 16 12 10 4 10 13 10 11398 962 50-99 0 0 1 3 4 4 11 10 12 9 11 7 4 4 7 5 5988 653 01-99 0 0 3 19 22 26 47 44 50 40 40 33 17 20 32 23 27690 2407 41 & 51 01-99 0 0 3 19 22 26 47 45 50 40 40 33 17 20 32 23 27828 2435 11-51 01-05 0 0 4 10 17 20 35 39 42 36 38 42 20 14 27 20 23551 2323 10-45 0 1 13 47 51 61 77 71 70 53 40 42 26 49 55 41 48426 3818 50-99 0 0 7 35 86 106 125 155 150 138 145 108 40 60 103 74 87900 7885 01-99 0 1 24 92 155 186 236 265 262 227 224 192 86 124 185 135 159877 14026 81 x 0 0 2 17 54 35 19 14 6 2 2 1 0 36 19 14 16010 1733 11-81 x 0 1 26 109 209 221 255 278 267 229 226 192 86 159 204 148 175887 15759 91 x 0 876 883 577 156 10 1 1 1 1 0 2 1 366 103 251 297729 25590 92 x 0 3 42 236 483 569 515 518 537 610 574 584 404 360 483 349 414250 32871 93 x 0 0 13 62 144 193 220 193 181 142 157 130 64 103 148 107 126653 10447 94 x 0 0 0 0 1 3 4 5 7 10 19 32 80 0 14 10 11795 1112 95 x 0 2 3 4 3 3 3 4 5 3 5 12 46 4 9 7 7909 677 97 x 0 117 33 12 5 2 2 0 2 6 19 47 319 8 40 43 51467 4464 99 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 85 100225 8575 91-99 x 1000 999 974 891 791 779 745 722 733 771 774 808 914 841 796 852 1010028 83736 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1185916 99495 per 1000 dist. of persons 85 95 108 98 99 87 83 79 65 55 41 32 76 197 713 1000 x x estd. persons (00) 100225 112279 127541 116446 116854 1027 26 98640 94111 76790 64803 48211 37719 89572 233299 845871 1185916 x x sample persons 8575 9817 10796 9781 9418 8722 8167 7897 6244 5316 3968 3223 7571 19199 70307 99495 x x


A-48

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India urban person




A-49

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India rural + urban male




A-50

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India rural + urban female




A-51

Table (17): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each age-group all-India rural+ urban person




A-52

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category all-India rural male

usual activity age group (years) persons (principal) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 & 15 & total estd. sam-

status industry above above (00) ple (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) 11,12,21 01-05 0 1 14 72 109 115 101 113 98 99 79 66 135 985 1000 825167 46052 10-45 0 1 13 72 111 136 133 139 113 103 61 46 74 987 1000 107440 7539 50-93 0 0 9 61 120 139 158 141 114 92 59 41 65 991 1000 204975 15557 01-93 0 1 13 70 111 121 114 120 102 98 73 59 117 986 1000 1137582 69148 31 01-05 0 0 23 104 107 120 124 142 113 99 62 56 49 977 1000 17897 1044 10-45 0 0 10 80 161 150 149 151 103 98 56 30 13 990 1000 47476 2697 50-99 0 0 5 58 122 137 144 132 125 108 94 59 15 995 1000 114340 10951 01-99 0 0 8 68 131 139 143 138 118 105 80 51 18 992 1000 179713 14692 41 x 0 0 0 104 119 146 149 168 84 67 41 22 100 1000 1000 2986 324 51 01-05 0 0 14 108 125 130 125 137 108 91 64 46 53 986 1000 463663 13968 10-45 0 0 10 138 179 157 133 127 103 63 44 25 22 990 1000 154176 7719 50-99 0 0 26 153 193 166 117 111 77 73 44 20 17 973 1000 35393 2048 01-99 0 0 13 117 142 138 126 133 105 84 58 40 44 986 1000 653231 23735 41 & 51 01-99 0 0 13 117 142 138 126 133 105 84 58 40 44 986 1000 656217 24059 11-51 01-05 0 0 14 85 115 120 110 122 102 97 73 59 105 985 1000 1306937 61104 10-45 0 0 11 106 153 148 135 135 106 82 51 33 39 989 1000 311501 18196 50-99 0 0 9 70 128 141 149 135 114 95 69 45 44 990 1000 355074 28599 01-99 0 0 13 85 123 128 121 126 105 94 69 52 83 987 1000 1973512 107899 81 x 0 0 29 334 367 142 57 23 18 12 6 6 7 971 1000 43306 3090 11-81 x 0 0 13 91 128 129 119 124 103 92 67 51 82 986 1000 2016818 110989 91 x 0 377 411 177 32 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 212 1000 993362 57518 92 x 0 50 95 240 122 36 46 23 22 14 59 34 259 855 1000 6935 468 93 x 0 58 263 198 98 40 56 27 25 20 43 20 152 679 1000 8404 498 94 x 0 0 0 2 1 2 6 12 13 24 27 80 833 1000 1000 27829 1927 95 x 0 26 50 64 67 41 36 36 51 48 64 75 441 924 1000 38667 1815 97 x 0 474 157 43 7 2 3 2 4 6 9 14 280 369 1000 188639 8714 99 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 411279 21386 91-99 x 246 278 264 113 22 3 2 1 2 2 3 5 58 212 1000 1675115 92326 11-99 x 111 126 127 101 80 72 66 68 57 51 38 30 71 635 1000 3691933 203315 estd. persons (00) 411279 466616 469224 372478 296037 264954 243981 252370 210855 190029 141717 111076 261318 2344814 3691933 x x sample persons 21386 24315 24981 20801 17163 15135 13783 13871 11669 10701 8056 6560 14894 132633 203315 x x


A-53

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category all-India rural female




A-54

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category all-India rural person




A-55

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category all-India urban male




A-56

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category all-India urban female




A-57

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category all-India urban person




A-58

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual act ivity category all-India rural + urban male




A-59

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category all-India rural + urban female

usual activ ity age group (years) persons (principal) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 & 15 & total estd. sam-



A-60

Table (18): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age group for each principal usual activity category all-India rural + urban person




A-61

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India rural male

usual activity age group (years) persons (ps+ss) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 & 15-24 15 & all estd. sam-

status industry above above (00) ple (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) 11,12,21 01-05 0 2 36 190 324 363 344 369 386 433 459 492 438 249 357 232 855250 48101 10-45 0 0 4 22 41 55 58 59 58 58 46 45 31 31 46 30 108950 7627 50-93 0 0 5 37 87 108 133 115 111 100 86 76 52 59 88 56 208253 15815 01-93 0 2 44 249 451 527 535 543 555 591 591 612 521 339 491 318 1172453 71543 31 01-05 0 0 1 5 7 8 9 10 10 9 8 9 3 6 7 5 17963 1046 10-45 0 0 1 11 26 27 29 29 23 25 19 13 2 17 20 13 47900 2720 50-99 0 0 1 19 48 60 68 60 68 65 76 60 7 32 49 31 115278 11003 01-99 0 0 3 34 81 95 106 99 101 99 102 83 13 55 77 49 181140 14769 41 x 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3087 332 51 01-05 0 0 15 138 198 228 237 252 237 224 209 194 95 165 196 127 467632 14119 10-45 0 0 4 59 95 92 84 78 76 51 48 34 13 75 66 42 156016 7819 50-99 0 0 2 15 24 23 17 16 13 14 12 7 2 19 15 10 36330 2096 01-99 0 0 21 213 316 342 339 346 326 289 269 235 110 259 277 179 659978 24034 41 & 51 01-99 0 0 21 214 317 344 340 348 328 290 270 236 111 260 279 180 663065 24366 11-51 01-05 0 2 52 334 528 599 590 632 633 667 676 695 536 420 561 363 1341054 63306 10-45 0 0 8 93 163 176 173 167 158 135 113 92 47 124 133 85 315375 18414 50-99 0 0 8 71 159 191 219 190 192 179 174 143 61 110 152 98 360229 28958 01-99 0 3 68 497 849 966 981 989 983 981 963 930 644 653 846 546 2016659 110678 81 x 0 0 3 31 42 16 7 2 2 1 0 1 1 36 13 9 32716 2382 11-81 x 0 3 70 529 891 982 988 991 985 982 963 931 645 689 859 555 2049375 113060 91 x 0 802 858 436 91 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 283 82 262 969078 55975 92 x 0 1 1 4 3 1 1 0 1 1 3 2 6 4 2 2 6584 435 93 x 0 1 4 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 4 3 2 2 6711 428 94 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 5 17 82 0 11 7 25450 1698 95 x 0 2 4 7 9 6 6 5 9 10 17 26 65 8 15 10 38277 1794 97 x 0 191 62 20 4 2 2 1 4 5 10 23 196 13 29 50 185181 8539 99 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 111 411279 21386 91-99 x 1000 997 930 471 109 18 12 9 15 18 37 69 355 311 141 445 1642559 90255 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3691933 203315 estd. persons (00) 411279 466616 469224 372478 296037 264954 243981 252370 210855 190029 141717 111076 261318 668515 2344814 3691933 x x sample persons 21386 24315 24981 20801 17163 15135 13783 13871 11669 10701 8056 6560 14894 37964 132633 203315 x x


A-62

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India rural female




A-63

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India rural person




A-64

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India urban male




A-65

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India urban female




A-66

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India urban person


status industry above above (00) ple (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) 11,12,21 01-05 0 0 3 15 17 24 28 32 39 37 43 53 41 16 30 21 52842 6007 10-45 0 1 11 40 56 64 78 84 77 74 64 61 38 48 62 46 113219 8694 50-93 0 1 7 45 112 159 185 194 180 180 156 132 86 78 138 99 244641 20275 01-93 0 2 20 100 185 247 291 310 296 291 263 246 166 142 229 166 410703 34976 31 01-05 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 2 1 2959 270 10-45 0 0 4 33 68 94 80 70 78 72 73 56 9 50 63 45 112309 6599 50-99 0 0 8 47 115 153 167 179 202 193 214 172 27 80 136 98 242235 19658 01-99 0 0 12 80 184 248 248 252 282 268 289 231 37 132 201 144 357503 26527 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 839 212 51 01-05 0 0 2 7 10 11 14 19 17 15 18 19 9 8 13 9 23330 2043 10-45 0 0 4 40 58 59 59 55 46 46 29 24 12 49 46 33 81465 6392 50-99 0 0 3 14 21 19 20 20 19 16 16 11 5 17 17 12 30460 2945 01-99 0 0 9 61 89 90 92 95 83 77 63 55 25 75 75 55 135255 11380 41 & 51 01-99 0 0 9 61 89 90 93 96 83 78 64 55 25 75 76 55 136095 11592 11-51 01-05 0 0 5 23 28 37 44 55 58 55 63 75 50 25 44 32 79143 8328 10-45 0 2 19 112 183 218 217 211 201 193 167 141 59 147 171 124 307631 21835 50-99 0 1 17 106 247 331 373 393 401 390 386 315 118 176 291 209 517526 42932 01-99 0 3 41 241 458 586 633 658 661 638 616 532 228 348 506 365 904300 73095 81 x 0 0 3 32 68 40 18 10 4 5 5 2 0 50 24 17 42533 4023 11-81 x 0 3 44 273 526 626 651 668 665 643 621 533 228 398 530 382 946833 7711 8 91 x 0 881 888 578 184 21 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 384 113 259 640777 54780 92 x 0 2 21 102 219 260 243 240 247 277 263 280 210 160 223 162 399831 31776 93 x 0 0 6 24 60 85 97 81 73 59 67 59 32 42 63 46 112854 9294 94 x 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 4 9 22 64 209 0 26 19 46693 3718 95 x 0 1 3 5 5 5 4 6 7 6 11 18 49 5 10 8 19308 1680 97 x 0 113 38 17 5 3 2 2 3 5 17 44 271 11 34 39 97038 8497 99 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 86 212179 17945 91-99 x 1000 997 956 727 474 374 349 332 335 357 379 467 772 602 470 618 1528680 127690 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 2475514 204808 estd. persons (00) 212179 236548 261943 256830 249919 215948 199452 191431 160935 137436 102991 77463 172439 506748 1764843 2475514 x x sample persons 17945 20652 22568 21082 19410 17198 16292 15802 13054 11347 8442 6550 14466 40492 143643 204808 x x


A-67

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic st atus of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India rural + urban male




A-68

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India rural + urban female




A-69

Table (19): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each age-group all-India rural + urban person



NSS Report No.515: Employment and Unemployment Situation in India, 2004-05

A-70

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural male

usual activity age group (years) persons (ps+ss) 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60 & 15 & all estd. sam-



A-71

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural female




A-72

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status state/u.t./all-India rural person


status industry above above (00) ple (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) 11,12,21 01-05 0 1 22 82 110 114 113 121 102 96 73 61 106 977 1000 1479571 85651 10-45 0 2 28 108 124 138 131 135 100 88 49 36 60 970 1000 184247 11779 50-93 0 0 12 64 118 136 155 142 112 91 60 42 68 988 1000 248214 19019 01-93 0 1 21 82 112 119 121 125 103 94 69 56 97 978 1000 1912031 116449 31 01-05 0 0 22 94 106 110 134 155 126 100 67 47 39 978 1000 22710 1291 10-45 0 0 11 97 156 152 146 149 96 93 55 32 13 989 1000 56093 3142 50-99 0 0 7 56 125 140 145 141 121 104 87 54 19 993 1000 145445 13568 01-99 0 0 9 70 131 140 144 145 115 101 77 48 20 990 1000 224249 18001 41 x 0 0 12 114 111 134 149 158 70 79 39 33 100 988 1000 5053 455 51 01-05 0 0 19 103 118 129 137 140 106 90 62 45 50 981 1000 806459 25143 10-45 0 0 14 139 177 152 134 130 103 63 43 24 22 986 1000 188198 9244 50-99 0 1 27 141 179 158 113 110 88 75 50 29 28 972 1000 42178 2462 01-99 0 0 18 111 131 135 135 137 105 85 58 40 44 981 1000 1036835 36849 41 & 51 01-99 0 0 18 111 131 135 135 137 105 85 58 40 44 982 1000 1041888 37304 11-51 01-05 0 1 21 89 113 119 122 128 104 94 70 55 86 978 1000 2309039 112134 10-45 0 1 20 120 151 146 134 135 100 78 47 30 38 980 1000 432825 24518 50-99 0 0 12 69 126 139 147 139 113 94 68 45 48 988 1000 436304 35102 01-99 0 1 19 91 120 126 127 130 104 92 66 50 74 980 1000 3178168 171754 81 x 0 1 26 287 376 169 77 27 16 8 4 3 7 973 1000 53862 3999 11-81 x 0 1 19 94 124 126 126 129 103 90 65 49 73 980 1000 3232030 175753 91 x 0 409 412 154 23 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 179 1000 1717054 100477 92 x 0 3 39 121 176 127 106 85 68 60 54 50 111 957 1000 544328 32409 93 x 0 3 42 104 156 137 128 100 80 70 57 46 76 954 1000 437627 22875 94 x 0 1 1 2 15 19 25 27 22 26 39 73 751 999 1000 46332 2989 95 x 0 26 46 56 59 40 31 36 41 45 55 71 494 928 1000 63915 3158 97 x 0 461 141 30 5 2 2 1 3 4 9 17 325 398 1000 398994 18936 99 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 803181 41428 91-99 x 200 222 201 97 52 34 29 24 19 17 16 15 72 376 1000 4011430 222272 11-99 x 111 123 120 96 84 75 73 70 57 50 38 31 73 646 1000 7243460 398025 estd. persons (00) 803181 893548 8701 13 694020 610133 544536 525457 510023 409937 360679 274023 221411 526399 4676618 7243460 x x sample persons 41428 46214 46863 39066 35083 30940 29070 27959 22769 20393 15653 12856 29731 263520 398025 x x


A-73

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of perso ns by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban male




A-74

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban female




A-75

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban person




A-76

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural + urban male




A-77

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural + urban female




A-78

Table (20): Per 1000 distribution of persons by age-group for each usual activity category also taking into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status state/u.t./all-India rural + urban person



NSS Report No. 515: Employment and Unemployment Situation in India, 2004 -05

A-79

Table (21): Per 1000 distribution of persons by principal usual activity category for each general educational level

all-India rural male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample

status industry literate & upto secondary certificate graduate & above (00) primary course & above (08, 10, (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 360 365 342 324 315 148 286 257 305 379 347 812769 45511

10-93 100 145 143 145 139 188 196 159 154 98 132 309095 22914 01-93 460 510 485 469 454 336 481 417 459 477 478 1121864 68425 31 01-05 12 8 4 4 3 4 7 3 4 2 7 17486 1013

10-99 19 46 72 113 141 376 285 431 169 42 69 160725 13589 01-99 31 54 76 117 144 379 292 434 173 44 76 178210 14602 41 x 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 2985 323 51 01-05 303 224 134 66 37 23 22 8 48 280 195 457236 13764

10-99 91 97 85 47 29 45 11 5 35 15 80 187014 9650 01-99 394 321 219 113 65 68 33 13 83 295 275 644250 23414

41, 51 01-99 395 323 220 113 66 68 33 14 84 295 276 647235 23737 11-51 01-05 675 597 480 393 354 175 315 269 357 661 549 1287701 60328

10-99 212 290 300 306 310 609 492 595 359 155 281 659609 46436 01-99 887 887 781 699 664 783 807 864 716 816 830 1947309 106764 81 x 4 12 19 32 44 86 71 74 45 63 18 42032 3040 11-81 x 891 900 800 731 708 870 878 938 760 879 848 1989341 109804 91 x 2 43 170 241 270 79 97 27 212 90 90 210613 14704 92 x 4 2 2 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 3 5930 394 93 x 4 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 5708 390 94 x 13 10 8 15 11 39 17 31 16 0 12 27829 1927 95 x 29 14 7 5 3 6 3 0 4 0 15 35709 1682 97 x 57 28 12 6 6 5 4 3 6 31 30 69684 3732 99 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 91-99 x 109 100 200 269 292 130 122 62 240 121 152 355474 22829 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 2344814 132633 estd. persons (00) 751330 650428 448304 251587 129285 24170 71552 17376 493969 784 2344814 x x sample persons 32527 35940 27320 17431 9660 1909 6192 1585 36777 69 132633 x x


A-80


all-India rural female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 34 46 40 29 25 77 43 57 32 1 37 85500 5726 01-93 227 195 167 131 95 112 86 77 115 28 202 471529 29291 31 01-05 2 3 1 0 2 0 2 4 1 1 2 4427 233

10-99 6 12 17 41 58 257 169 294 75 0 15 35912 2869 01-99 8 15 18 41 60 257 171 298 75 1 17 40339 3102 41 x 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1045 85 51 01-05 164 103 57 27 12 19 1 6 19 64 125 291627 9285

10-99 17 14 10 5 2 9 2 0 4 0 14 32946 1546 01-99 181 117 67 32 13 28 3 6 23 64 139 324573 10831

41, 51 01-99 181 117 68 32 13 28 3 6 23 64 140 325618 10916 11-51 01-05 359 255 186 128 84 53 46 30 102 91 293 682099 33089



A-81


all-India rural person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample

status industry literate & upto secondary certificate graduate & above (00) primary course & above (08, 10, (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 253 275 262 247 235 113 226 195 233 206 256 11987 98 69076

10-93 57 104 104 105 102 154 158 132 114 51 84 394595 28640 01-93 310 379 367 352 336 266 384 327 347 257 341 1593393 97716 31 01-05 5 6 3 2 2 3 6 3 3 1 5 21913 1246

10-99 11 32 51 88 114 339 256 395 139 21 42 196637 16458 01-99 16 38 54 90 116 342 262 398 142 23 47 218549 17704 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 4030 408 51 01-05 213 174 106 52 28 22 17 7 38 174 160 748863 23049

10-99 43 63 57 33 20 34 9 4 25 8 47 219961 11196 01-99 256 236 163 85 48 56 26 11 64 182 207 968823 34245

41, 51 01-99 257 237 164 85 49 56 26 11 64 182 208 972853 34653 11-51 01-05 471 455 371 301 265 137 249 206 274 381 421 1969799 93417



A-82


all-India urban male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 327 347 299 303 261 220 303 266 284 176 305 280205 22417 01-93 390 383 329 329 287 233 321 275 306 210 336 308880 25748 31 01-05 5 4 2 2 2 0 1 1 1 0 2 2267 213

10-99 163 271 291 280 279 511 442 559 360 520 305 280297 20317 01-99 169 275 293 282 281 511 443 559 362 520 307 282565 20530 41 x 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 695 179 51 01-05 45 18 8 3 1 1 0 0 1 30 11 10449 1019

10-99 218 173 119 47 22 27 6 0 25 3 97 88761 7222 01-99 263 191 127 50 23 28 6 1 27 32 108 99209 8241

41, 51 01-99 265 192 128 50 23 28 6 1 27 32 109 99904 8420 11-51 01-05 113 58 40 31 29 14 19 10 25 64 45 41403 4570



A-83


all-India urban female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 81 69 51 36 31 87 44 62 41 6 59 50179 4470 01-93 112 86 61 39 33 89 45 62 43 59 74 62554 5936 31 01-05 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 669 54

10-99 59 61 39 53 67 327 195 276 121 82 78 66009 5392 01-99 61 61 39 53 67 327 195 276 121 82 79 66678 5446 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 138 28 51 01-05 31 13 3 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 12 10049 784

10-99 45 25 13 2 2 4 1 1 2 0 20 17221 1583 01-99 76 38 16 3 2 7 1 1 2 0 32 27269 2367

41, 51 01-99 76 38 16 3 2 7 1 1 2 0 32 27407 2395 11-51 01-05 65 30 13 4 3 4 1 0 3 52 27 23093 2304



A-84


all-India urban person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 159 216 189 190 165 181 202 183 186 112 187 330384 26887 01-93 201 243 210 207 181 191 213 188 200 153 210 371435 31684 31 01-05 3 3 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 2936 267

10-99 92 171 179 184 191 457 346 444 263 354 196 346307 25709 01-99 95 174 180 185 192 457 346 444 264 354 198 349243 25976 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 833 207 51 01-05 36 16 6 2 1 1 0 0 1 18 12 20497 1803

10-99 100 103 72 28 14 21 4 1 16 2 60 105981 8805 01-99 136 118 78 30 14 22 4 1 17 20 72 126478 10608

41, 51 01-99 137 119 79 30 15 22 4 1 17 20 72 127311 10815 11-51 01-05 80 45 28 20 18 11 12 6 16 59 37 64496 6874



A-85


all-India rural+urban male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 129 190 187 206 194 206 262 230 215 118 181 589300 45331 01-93 451 482 441 416 379 277 382 323 386 409 438 1430744 94173 31 01-05 11 7 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 1 6 19753 1226

10-99 38 96 134 177 204 453 382 516 260 164 135 441022 33906 01-99 49 103 137 180 206 455 385 517 262 165 141 460775 35132 41 x 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3680 502 51 01-05 270 178 98 42 20 10 8 3 26 217 143 467684 14783

10-99 107 114 94 47 26 35 8 2 31 12 84 275775 16872 01-99 377 292 193 89 46 45 16 5 56 228 228 743459 31655

41, 51 01-99 379 294 194 89 47 45 17 5 57 228 229 747139 32157 11-51 01-05 603 478 355 255 207 83 132 97 199 509 407 1329104 64898



A-86


all-India rural+urban female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 41 52 44 32 28 83 44 61 37 2 43 135679 10196 01-93 210 166 130 88 61 99 55 65 75 33 168 534083 35227 31 01-05 2 3 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 2 5095 287

10-99 14 25 25 46 63 295 189 280 100 14 32 101921 8261 01-99 16 27 25 46 64 295 189 281 101 15 34 107017 8548 41 x 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1183 113 51 01-05 145 79 38 15 6 10 0 1 9 53 95 301675 10069

10-99 21 17 11 4 2 6 1 1 3 0 16 50167 3129 01-99 165 96 49 19 7 16 1 2 12 53 111 351842 13198

41, 51 01-99 166 97 50 19 7 16 1 2 12 53 111 353026 13311 11-51 01-05 316 196 125 71 40 26 12 6 47 85 222 705191 35393



A-87


all-India rural+urban person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 72 131 131 140 132 169 187 168 150 64 113 724978 55527 01-93 294 346 318 292 261 224 270 229 273 234 305 1964828 129400 31 01-05 5 5 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 24849 1513

10-99 22 65 91 128 151 406 316 429 202 94 84 542943 42167 01-99 27 71 93 129 153 407 318 431 203 95 88 567792 43680 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4863 615 51 01-05 188 136 75 31 15 10 6 2 20 140 119 769360 24852

10-99 51 72 62 31 17 26 6 2 21 6 51 325942 20001 01-99 239 208 136 62 32 36 11 4 40 146 170 1095301 44853

41, 51 01-99 240 209 137 63 32 36 11 4 40 146 171 1100164 45468 11-51 01-05 416 356 265 185 145 66 91 64 144 311 316 2034295 100291



A-88


all-India rural male age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 57 72 124 144 139 186 195 159 153 46 85 312414 23096 01-93 263 254 423 466 454 333 481 417 457 223 308 1137582 69148 31 01-05 7 4 3 4 3 4 7 3 4 1 5 17897 1044

10-99 11 23 63 112 141 373 285 431 169 20 44 161816 13648 01-99 18 27 66 116 144 377 292 434 173 21 49 179713 14692 41 x 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 2986 324 51 01-05 171 111 118 65 37 23 22 8 47 131 126 463663 13968

10-99 51 49 74 47 29 45 11 5 35 7 51 189569 9767 01-99 223 160 192 112 65 68 33 13 83 138 177 653231 23735

41, 51 01-99 224 161 193 112 66 68 33 14 83 138 178 656217 24059 11-51 01-05 384 297 421 390 354 174 315 269 355 309 354 1306937 61104

10-99 120 144 262 304 310 604 492 595 357 73 181 666575 46795 01-99 505 441 683 694 664 778 806 864 712 381 535 1973512 107899 81 x 3 7 17 31 44 86 71 74 45 29 12 43306 3090 11-81 x 507 448 699 725 708 864 877 938 757 411 546 2016818 110989 91 x 52 506 273 247 270 86 98 27 216 330 269 993362 57518 92 x 3 1 2 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 6935 468 93 x 4 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 8404 498 94 x 7 5 7 15 11 39 17 31 16 0 8 27829 1927 95 x 18 7 6 5 3 6 3 0 4 0 10 38667 1815 97 x 112 22 12 6 6 5 4 3 6 74 51 188639 8714 99 x 297 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 185 111 411279 21386 91-99 x 493 552 301 275 292 136 123 62 243 589 454 1675115 92326 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3691933 203315 estd. persons (00) 1344506 1333485 516019 253511 129386 24343 71632 17376 496247 1677 3691933 x x sample persons 61414 73742 31100 17538 9665 1916 6204 1585 36908 151 203315 x x


A-89


all-India rural female age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 24 22 34 29 25 76 43 57 32 0 25 88276 5880 01-93 162 91 142 130 95 113 85 77 114 11 136 483584 29877 31 01-05 1 2 1 0 2 0 2 4 1 0 1 4525 239

10-99 4 5 14 40 58 255 168 294 74 0 10 36408 2889 01-99 6 7 15 41 60 255 170 298 75 0 12 40933 3128 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1076 86 51 01-05 116 49 49 27 12 19 1 6 19 26 84 298545 9513

10-99 12 6 9 5 2 9 2 0 4 0 10 33740 1586 01-99 128 55 58 32 13 28 3 6 23 26 94 332285 11099

41, 51 01-99 129 55 58 32 13 28 3 6 23 26 94 333360 11185 11-51 01-05 255 120 158 127 84 55 46 30 102 37 197 698395 33755



A-90


all-India rural person age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 38 50 90 104 101 152 158 132 114 22 55 400690 28976 01-93 203 183 316 349 336 265 383 327 345 112 224 1621166 99025 31 01-05 3 3 2 2 2 3 6 3 3 1 3 22422 1283

10-99 7 15 44 87 114 337 256 395 138 9 27 198225 16537 01-99 11 18 47 90 116 339 262 398 141 10 30 220646 17820 41 x 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 4062 410 51 01-05 139 84 92 52 28 22 17 7 38 76 105 762207 23481

10-99 28 30 49 32 20 34 9 4 25 3 31 223309 11353 01-99 167 114 141 84 48 55 26 11 63 79 136 985516 34834

41, 51 01-99 168 115 142 85 48 55 26 11 64 79 137 989578 35244 11-51 01-05 308 220 321 299 265 137 248 206 273 167 277 2005331 94859



A-91


all-India urban male age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 147 169 260 302 261 219 303 266 284 79 219 282081 22576 01-93 176 187 286 328 287 232 321 275 305 94 241 311083 25938 31 01-05 2 2 1 2 2 0 1 1 1 0 2 2290 216

10-99 75 134 252 279 279 510 442 559 359 233 219 282563 20453 01-99 77 136 254 280 281 510 443 559 361 233 221 284853 20669 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 695 179 51 01-05 20 9 7 3 1 1 0 0 1 13 8 10574 1032

10-99 99 85 103 47 22 27 6 0 25 1 70 90274 7376 01-99 119 94 111 50 23 28 6 1 27 15 78 100849 8408

41, 51 01-99 120 95 111 50 23 28 6 1 27 15 79 101543 8587 11-51 01-05 51 28 35 31 29 14 19 10 24 29 32 41878 4617



A-92


all-India urban female age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 54 36 43 35 31 87 44 62 41 3 44 51957 4586 01-93 75 44 51 38 33 89 45 62 43 25 54 64535 6063 31 01-05 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 669 54

10-99 39 31 33 52 67 326 195 276 120 35 56 66845 5474 01-99 40 31 33 52 67 326 195 276 120 35 57 67514 5528 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 138 28 51 01-05 21 6 3 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 9 10305 792

10-99 29 12 11 2 2 4 1 1 2 0 15 17386 1615 01-99 50 18 14 3 2 7 1 1 2 0 23 27690 2407

41, 51 01-99 50 19 14 3 2 7 1 1 2 0 23 27828 2435 11-51 01-05 43 15 11 4 3 4 1 0 3 22 20 23551 2323



A-93


all-India urban person age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all es timated sample


10-93 92 106 162 189 165 180 202 183 185 49 135 334038 27162 01-93 116 119 180 205 181 190 213 188 199 67 152 375618 32001 31 01-05 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 2959 270

10-99 54 85 153 182 191 456 345 444 263 156 141 349408 25927 01-99 55 86 154 184 192 456 346 444 263 156 142 352367 26197 41 x 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 833 207 51 01-05 20 8 5 2 1 1 0 0 1 8 8 20879 1824

10-99 58 51 61 28 14 21 4 1 16 1 43 107660 8991 01-99 78 58 67 30 14 22 4 1 17 9 52 128539 10815

41, 51 01-99 79 59 67 30 15 22 4 1 17 9 52 129372 11022 11-51 01-05 46 22 24 20 18 11 12 6 16 26 26 65429 6940



A-94


all-India rural+urban male age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 71 94 163 204 194 205 262 230 215 55 119 594495 45672 01-93 249 239 384 413 379 276 382 323 385 189 291 1448665 95086 31 01-05 6 4 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 1 4 20187 1260

10-99 21 48 117 176 204 451 381 516 259 76 89 444379 34101 01-99 27 52 120 179 206 452 385 517 261 76 93 464566 35361 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3681 503 51 01-05 148 88 86 41 20 10 8 3 26 100 95 474237 15000

10-99 59 57 82 47 26 35 8 2 31 5 56 279843 17143 01-99 206 145 169 88 46 45 16 5 56 106 151 754080 32143

41, 51 01-99 207 146 170 89 47 45 17 5 57 106 152 757761 32646 11-51 01-05 332 237 310 253 207 82 132 97 199 235 271 1348815 65721



A-95


all-India rural+urban female age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 29 25 37 32 28 82 44 61 37 1 30 140233 10466 01-93 148 80 110 88 61 100 55 65 74 14 116 548119 35940 31 01-05 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 5194 293

10-99 10 12 21 46 63 294 188 280 100 6 22 103254 8363 01-99 11 13 21 46 64 294 189 281 100 6 23 108447 8656 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1214 114 51 01-05 101 38 33 15 6 10 0 1 9 22 65 308850 10305

10-99 15 8 10 4 2 6 1 1 3 0 11 51125 3201 01-99 116 46 42 19 7 16 1 2 12 22 76 359975 13506

41, 51 01-99 116 46 43 19 7 16 1 2 12 22 76 361189 13620 11-51 01-05 222 93 107 70 40 27 12 6 47 35 152 721945 36078



A-96


all-India rural+urban person age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 46 63 112 139 132 168 187 168 150 28 76 734728 56138 01-93 190 168 274 290 261 223 270 229 272 102 205 1996784 131026 31 01-05 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 0 3 25381 1553

10-99 14 32 78 126 151 404 315 429 201 41 56 547633 42464 01-99 18 34 80 128 153 405 318 431 203 42 59 573014 44017 41 x 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4895 617 51 01-05 120 66 65 31 15 10 6 2 19 61 81 783087 25305

10-99 33 35 53 31 17 26 6 2 20 3 34 330968 20344 01-99 153 101 118 62 32 36 11 4 40 64 115 1114055 45649

41, 51 01-99 154 101 118 62 32 36 11 4 40 64 115 1118949 46266 11-51 01-05 267 173 228 184 145 66 91 64 143 136 213 2070761 101799



A-97


A-97

Table (22): Per 1000 distribution of persons by general educational level for each principal usual activity category

all-India rural male age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons

(ps ) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. total estd. sample status industry literate & upto secondary certificate graduate & above (00)

primary course & above (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15)

11,12,21 01-05 527 394 80 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 12398 541 10-93 481 468 51 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 3320 182

01-93 517 409 74 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 15718 723 31 01-05 594 391 15 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 411 31

10-99 202 663 135 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1092 59 01-99 309 589 102 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1503 90 41 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1 1 51 01-05 449 449 103 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 6427 204

10-99 347 568 85 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2554 117 01-99 420 483 98 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 8981 321

41, 51 01-99 420 483 98 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 8982 322 11-51 01-05 502 412 86 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 19236 776

10-99 388 535 76 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 6967 359 01-99 472 445 83 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 26203 1135 81 x 351 518 131 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1274 50 11-81 x 466 448 86 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 27477 1185 91 x 88 826 83 2 0 0 0 - 3 1 1000 782749 42814 92 x 671 315 12 1 0 0 0 - 1 0 1000 1005 74 93 x 532 413 55 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2696 108 94 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 95 x 852 148 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2958 133 97 x 905 89 5 0 0 0 0 - 0 1 1000 118955 4982 99 x 971 28 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 1 1000 411279 21386 91-99 x 440 508 50 1 0 0 0 - 2 1 1000 1319642 69497 11-99 x 440 507 50 1 0 0 0 - 2 1 1000 1347119 70682 estd. persons (00) 593176 683058 67714 1924 101 172 80 - 2278 893 1347119 x x sample persons 28887 37802 3780 107 5 7 12 0 131 82 70682 x x


A-98


all-India rural female age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 580 352 65 0 0 3 0 - 3 0 1000 9280 432 10-93 452 453 95 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2776 154

01-93 551 375 72 0 0 2 0 - 2 0 1000 12055 586 31 01-05 850 150 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 98 6

10-99 530 246 224 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 496 20 01-99 583 230 187 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 595 26 41 x 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 30 1 51 01-05 519 404 67 10 0 0 0 - 10 0 1000 6918 228

10-99 654 262 84 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 794 40 01-99 533 389 69 9 0 0 0 - 9 0 1000 7712 268

41, 51 01-99 531 392 69 9 0 0 0 - 9 0 1000 7742 269 11-51 01-05 556 373 66 4 0 2 0 - 6 0 1000 16296 666

10-99 498 395 108 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 4096 215 01-99 544 377 74 3 0 1 0 - 5 0 1000 20392 881 81 x 519 293 142 46 0 0 0 - 46 0 1000 569 27 11-81 x 543 375 76 5 0 1 0 - 6 0 1000 20961 908 91 x 92 830 75 1 0 0 0 - 2 1 1000 637045 35741 92 x 523 396 74 6 0 1 0 - 7 0 1000 24170 1007 93 x 514 431 52 0 0 0 0 - 0 3 1000 21463 873 94 x 448 552 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 55 6 95 x 861 114 25 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1616 84 97 x 924 72 3 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 122510 5162 99 x 972 27 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 1 1000 391902 20042 91-99 x 482 473 43 1 0 0 0 - 1 1 1000 1198762 62915 11-99 x 483 471 43 1 0 0 0 - 1 1 1000 1219723 63823 estd. persons (00) 589347 574871 52914 1177 121 85 119 - 1502 1090 1219723 x x sample persons 28131 32351 3147 85 5 6 8 - 104 90 63823 x x


A-99


all-India rural person age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 550 376 73 0 0 1 0 - 1 0 1000 21678 973 10-93 468 461 71 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 6095 336

01-93 532 394 73 0 0 1 0 - 1 0 1000 27773 1309 31 01-05 644 344 12 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 509 37

10-99 304 533 163 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1588 79 01-99 387 487 126 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2097 116 41 x 34 966 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 31 2 51 01-05 485 426 84 5 0 0 0 - 5 0 1000 13345 432

10-99 420 496 85 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 3348 157 01-99 472 440 84 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 16693 589

41, 51 01-99 471 441 84 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 16724 591 11-51 01-05 527 394 77 2 0 1 0 - 3 0 1000 35532 1442

10-99 429 483 88 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 11062 574 01-99 503 415 79 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1000 46595 2016 81 x 403 449 134 14 0 0 0 - 14 0 1000 1844 77 11-81 x 500 416 81 2 0 1 0 - 3 0 1000 48438 2093 91 x 90 828 79 2 0 0 0 - 2 1 1000 1419795 78555 92 x 529 392 71 6 0 1 0 - 7 0 1000 25175 1081 93 x 516 429 53 0 0 0 0 - 0 2 1000 24159 981 94 x 448 552 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 55 6 95 x 855 136 9 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 4573 217 97 x 915 80 4 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 241465 10144 99 x 971 28 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 1 1000 803181 41428 91-99 x 460 491 46 1 0 0 0 - 1 1 1000 2518404 132412 11-99 x 461 490 47 1 0 0 0 - 1 1 1000 2566842 134505 estd. persons (00) 1182523 1257928 120628 3101 222 258 199 - 3780 1983 2566842 x x sample persons 57018 70153 6927 192 10 13 20 0 235 172 134505 x x


A-100


all-India urban male age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 562 390 48 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 327 31 10-93 361 490 122 0 0 0 27 - 27 0 1000 1876 159

01-93 391 475 111 0 0 0 23 - 23 0 1000 2203 190 31 01-05 102 898 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 23 3

10-99 309 625 64 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 2266 136 01-99 306 628 64 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 2288 139 41 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 51 01-05 605 395 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 126 13

10-99 389 543 65 0 0 0 3 - 3 0 1000 1514 154 01-99 405 532 60 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 1639 167

41, 51 01-99 405 532 60 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 1639 167 11-51 01-05 551 416 33 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 475 47



A-101


all-India urban female age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 786 210 0 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 202 11 10-93 359 606 35 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1779 116

01-93 403 566 31 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1981 127 31 01-05 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0

10-99 246 726 28 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 836 82 01-99 246 726 28 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 836 82 41 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 51 01-05 748 191 61 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 256 8

10-99 544 242 214 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 165 32 01-99 668 211 121 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 421 40

41, 51 01-99 668 211 121 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 421 40 11-51 01-05 765 199 34 2 0 0 0 - 2 0 1000 458 19



A-102


all-India urban person age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 647 321 30 2 0 0 0 - 2 0 1000 529 42 10-93 360 546 80 0 0 0 14 - 14 0 1000 3655 275

01-93 396 518 73 0 0 0 12 - 12 0 1000 4183 317 31 01-05 102 898 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 23 3

10-99 292 652 54 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 3102 218 01-99 290 654 54 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 3124 221 41 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 51 01-05 701 258 41 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 382 21

10-99 404 514 80 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 1679 186 01-99 459 466 73 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 2061 207

41, 51 01-99 459 466 73 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 2061 207 11-51 01-05 656 309 34 1 0 0 0 - 1 0 1000 934 66



A-103


all-India rural + urban male age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 528 394 79 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 12725 572 10-93 438 476 76 0 0 0 10 - 10 0 1000 5195 341

01-93 502 418 78 0 0 0 3 - 3 0 1000 17921 913 31 01-05 569 417 14 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 434 34

10-99 274 638 87 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 3357 195 01-99 308 612 79 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 3791 229 41 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1 1 51 01-05 452 448 101 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 6553 217

10-99 362 559 78 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 4068 271 01-99 417 490 92 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 10621 488 41, 51 01-99 417 490 92 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 10622 489 11-51 01-05 503 412 85 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 19711 823



A-104


all-India rural + urban female age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 585 349 63 0 0 3 0 - 3 0 1000 9482 443 10-93 416 513 71 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 4554 270

01-93 530 402 66 0 0 2 0 - 2 0 1000 14036 713 31 01-05 850 150 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 98 6

10-99 352 547 101 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1332 102 01-99 386 520 94 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1431 108 41 x 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 30 1 51 01-05 527 396 67 10 0 0 0 - 10 0 1000 7174 236

10-99 635 259 106 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 959 72 01-99 540 380 72 8 0 0 0 - 8 0 1000 8133 308

41, 51 01-99 538 382 71 8 0 0 0 - 8 0 1000 8163 309 11-51 01-05 562 368 65 4 0 2 0 - 6 0 1000 16754 685



A-105


all-India rural + urban person age: 0-14 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 552 374 72 0 0 1 0 - 1 0 1000 22207 1015 10-93 428 493 74 0 0 0 5 - 5 0 1000 9750 611

01-93 514 411 73 0 0 1 2 - 3 0 1000 31957 1626 31 01-05 621 368 12 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 532 40

10-99 296 612 91 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 4690 297 01-99 329 587 83 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 5222 337 41 x 34 966 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 31 2 51 01-05 491 421 83 5 0 0 0 - 5 0 1000 13727 453

10-99 414 502 83 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 5027 343 01-99 470 443 83 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 18754 796

41, 51 01-99 470 443 83 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 18785 798 11-51 01-05 530 392 75 2 0 1 0 - 3 0 1000 36466 1508



A-106





11,12,21 01-05 197 297 264 134 69 5 27 6 241 0 1000 243382 13957 10-93 145 288 262 156 81 13 46 9 304 0 1000 100124 7097

01-93 182 295 264 141 72 8 32 7 260 0 1000 343506 21054 31 01-05 444 324 130 55 15 7 23 1 102 0 1000 5915 298

10-99 81 225 256 173 98 56 85 26 438 0 1000 54812 3397 01-99 117 234 244 161 89 51 79 24 405 0 1000 60728 3695 41 x 256 203 413 68 44 0 4 13 128 0 1000 1102 118 51 01-05 339 383 201 54 15 1 5 1 76 0 1000 168174 5126

10-99 258 368 257 81 23 8 5 0 117 0 1000 91229 4574 01-99 311 378 221 64 18 4 5 0 91 0 1000 259403 9700

41, 51 01-99 311 377 221 64 18 4 5 0 91 0 1000 260505 9818 11-51 01-05 258 332 237 101 47 4 18 4 173 0 1000 417551 19389



A-107


all-India rural female age: 15 -29 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 484 243 165 71 30 2 4 0 108 0 1000 107667 6979 10-93 367 292 191 76 34 13 17 10 150 0 1000 32367 2065

01-93 457 254 171 72 31 5 7 3 118 0 1000 140034 9044 31 01-05 436 342 116 13 33 0 51 11 107 0 1000 1083 52

10-99 108 139 158 158 121 103 142 71 595 0 1000 12755 940 01-99 133 155 155 146 114 95 135 67 557 0 1000 13838 992 41 x 642 159 170 5 21 0 3 0 30 0 1000 304 37 51 01-05 592 257 117 27 5 1 0 0 33 0 1000 95913 3095

10-99 574 239 130 42 7 5 3 0 58 0 1000 13277 588 01-99 590 255 119 29 5 2 0 0 36 0 1000 109190 3683

41, 51 01-99 590 255 119 29 5 2 0 0 36 0 1000 109494 3720 11-51 01-05 534 250 143 50 18 2 2 0 73 0 1000 204671 10129



A-108


all-India rural person age: 15-29 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 285 281 234 115 57 4 20 4 200 0 1000 351049 20936 10-93 200 289 245 136 69 13 39 9 267 0 1000 132491 9162

01-93 262 283 237 121 60 7 25 6 219 0 1000 483540 30098 31 01-05 443 327 127 48 17 6 28 3 102 0 1000 6998 350

10-99 86 209 238 170 102 65 96 35 468 0 1000 67567 4337 01-99 120 220 227 158 94 59 89 32 433 0 1000 74565 4687 41 x 339 194 360 54 39 0 3 10 107 0 1000 1406 155 51 01-05 431 337 171 44 11 1 3 0 61 0 1000 264086 8221

10-99 298 352 241 76 21 8 4 0 109 0 1000 104506 5162 01-99 394 341 190 53 14 3 4 0 75 0 1000 368592 13383

41, 51 01-99 393 341 191 53 14 3 4 0 75 0 1000 369999 13538 11-51 01-05 349 305 206 84 37 3 13 3 140 0 1000 622222 29518



A-109





11,12,21 01-05 160 269 263 166 69 9 55 7 307 0 1000 6976 863 10-93 108 221 250 182 104 25 91 19 421 0 1000 84889 6645

01-93 112 225 251 181 101 23 89 18 412 0 1000 91865 7508 31 01-05 260 314 232 136 7 0 51 0 194 0 1000 606 47

10-99 62 226 255 149 93 49 123 42 456 1 1000 94668 5906 01-99 63 227 255 148 92 49 123 42 455 1 1000 95274 5953 41 x 107 549 245 33 0 0 66 0 98 0 1000 134 56 51 01-05 354 328 224 73 11 6 0 4 93 0 1000 3218 315

10-99 197 373 298 82 28 16 7 0 133 0 1000 43653 3380 01-99 207 370 293 81 26 15 7 0 130 0 1000 46870 3695

41, 51 01-99 207 370 293 81 26 15 7 0 130 0 1000 47005 3751 11-51 01-05 224 289 250 137 48 8 38 6 237 0 1000 10803 1227



A-110





11,12,21 01-05 511 242 133 64 37 0 9 0 110 3 1000 2759 357 10-93 239 249 204 97 74 35 79 22 307 0 1000 16240 1404

01-93 278 248 194 92 69 30 69 19 279 0 1000 19000 1761 31 01-05 704 131 165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 70 9

10-99 113 164 119 98 95 68 261 83 604 1 1000 21462 1639 01-99 115 164 119 97 95 68 260 82 602 1 1000 21532 1648 41 x 79 757 164 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 6 10 51 01-05 511 335 107 20 16 12 0 0 48 0 1000 2413 198

10-99 431 317 207 14 17 8 6 0 45 0 1000 4990 506 01-99 457 322 174 16 17 9 4 0 46 0 1000 7403 704

41, 51 01-99 457 323 174 16 17 9 4 0 46 0 1000 7410 714 11-51 01-05 514 283 121 43 27 5 5 0 80 2 1000 5243 564



A-111





11,12,21 01-05 260 261 227 137 60 7 42 5 252 1 1000 9735 1220 10-93 129 226 243 169 99 26 89 19 403 0 1000 101129 8049

01-93 140 229 242 166 96 24 85 18 390 0 1000 110865 9269 31 01-05 306 295 225 122 6 0 46 0 174 0 1000 676 56

10-99 71 215 230 139 93 53 149 50 484 1 1000 116130 7545 01-99 73 215 230 139 93 53 148 50 482 1 1000 116806 7601 41 x 106 558 242 31 0 0 63 0 94 0 1000 140 66 51 01-05 421 331 174 50 13 8 0 2 74 0 1000 5631 513

10-99 221 367 288 75 26 15 7 0 124 0 1000 48643 3886 01-99 241 363 277 72 25 14 7 0 119 0 1000 54274 4399

41, 51 01-99 241 364 276 72 25 14 7 0 119 0 1000 54414 4465 11-51 01-05 318 287 208 106 41 7 27 4 186 0 1000 16046 1791



A-112


all-India rural + urban male age: 15 -29 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 196 296 264 135 69 5 27 6 243 0 1000 250359 14820 10-93 128 257 257 168 91 18 67 13 358 0 1000 185012 13742

01-93 167 280 261 149 78 11 44 9 292 0 1000 435371 28562 31 01-05 427 323 139 62 14 7 26 1 110 0 1000 6521 345

10-99 69 226 255 157 94 52 109 37 449 0 1000 149481 9303 01-99 84 230 251 153 91 50 106 35 435 0 1000 156002 9648 41 x 240 241 394 64 39 0 10 11 125 0 1000 1237 174 51 01-05 340 382 201 55 15 1 5 1 77 0 1000 171391 5441

10-99 238 370 270 82 24 10 6 0 122 0 1000 134882 7954 01-99 295 376 232 66 19 5 5 0 97 0 1000 306273 13395 41, 51 01-99 295 376 232 66 19 5 5 0 97 0 1000 307510 13569 11-51 01-05 257 331 237 102 47 4 18 4 175 0 1000 428355 20616



A-113



(ps ) not literate middle secondary higher diplo ma/ graduate post secondary n.r. total estd. sample status industry literate & upto secondary certificate graduate & above (00)


11,12,21 01-05 484 243 165 71 30 2 4 0 108 0 1000 110426 7336 10-93 324 278 195 83 47 20 38 14 202 0 1000 48608 3469

01-93 435 254 174 75 36 8 14 5 137 0 1000 159034 10805 31 01-05 452 329 119 12 31 0 47 10 101 0 1000 1153 61

10-99 111 155 133 120 105 81 216 79 601 0 1000 34217 2579 01-99 122 161 133 116 102 79 211 76 584 0 1000 35370 2640 41 x 631 171 170 5 21 0 3 0 29 0 1000 310 47 51 01-05 590 259 117 27 5 2 0 0 33 0 1000 98326 3293

10-99 535 260 151 34 10 6 4 0 54 0 1000 18267 1094 01-99 582 260 122 28 6 2 1 0 37 0 1000 116593 4387

41, 51 01-99 582 259 122 28 6 2 1 0 37 0 1000 116904 4434 11-51 01-05 534 251 142 50 18 2 2 0 73 0 1000 209913 10693



A-114





11,12,21 01-05 284 280 234 116 57 4 20 4 202 0 1000 360785 22156 10-93 169 262 244 150 82 19 61 13 326 0 1000 233620 17211

01-93 239 273 238 129 67 10 36 8 250 0 1000 594405 39367 31 01-05 431 324 136 55 16 6 29 2 109 0 1000 7674 406

10-99 77 212 233 150 96 57 129 44 478 0 1000 183697 11882 01-99 91 217 229 147 93 55 125 43 463 0 1000 191371 12288 41 x 318 227 349 52 36 0 9 9 106 0 1000 1547 221 51 01-05 431 337 171 44 11 2 3 0 61 0 1000 269717 8734

10-99 274 356 256 76 23 10 5 0 114 0 1000 153149 9048 01-99 374 344 201 56 16 5 4 0 80 0 1000 422866 17782

41, 51 01-99 374 344 202 56 16 5 4 0 80 0 1000 424413 18003 11-51 01-05 348 305 206 85 37 3 13 3 141 0 1000 638268 31309



A-115





11,12,21 01-05 301 293 205 107 55 4 28 6 201 0 1000 701478 38879 10-93 226 301 216 123 62 15 47 9 257 0 1000 287785 21339

01-93 279 295 208 112 57 8 33 7 217 0 1000 989263 60218 31 01-05 491 294 101 55 20 6 30 3 114 0 1000 16615 980

10-99 88 185 203 178 114 57 128 47 525 0 1000 158376 13426 01-99 126 195 193 166 105 52 119 43 486 0 1000 174991 14406 41 x 402 298 229 38 26 0 1 5 71 0 1000 2688 301 51 01-05 483 325 137 38 11 1 4 0 54 0 1000 432730 13017

10-99 357 342 206 64 20 6 4 0 96 0 1000 183062 9406 01-99 446 330 158 46 14 3 4 0 66 0 1000 615793 22423

41, 51 01-99 446 330 158 46 14 3 4 0 66 0 1000 618480 22724 11-51 01-05 372 305 178 81 38 3 19 4 144 0 1000 1151016 52911



A-116


all-India rural female age: 15 -59 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 664 188 94 38 12 1 3 0 54 0 1000 355831 21792 10-93 516 259 130 49 19 10 12 4 96 0 1000 80114 5370

01-93 637 201 101 40 14 3 5 1 62 0 1000 435945 27162 31 01-05 518 364 70 4 26 0 12 6 48 0 1000 4416 231

10-99 217 150 126 156 106 80 113 53 508 0 1000 34774 2803 01-99 251 174 119 139 97 71 102 47 456 0 1000 39189 3034 41 x 691 200 98 2 8 0 1 0 10 0 1000 939 81 51 01-05 759 171 54 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 277390 8847

10-99 684 199 86 23 3 3 1 0 30 0 1000 31690 1482 01-99 751 174 57 14 3 1 0 0 18 0 1000 309080 10329

41, 51 01-99 751 174 58 14 3 1 0 0 18 0 1000 310019 10410 11-51 01-05 704 182 77 27 8 1 2 0 38 0 1000 637654 30876



A-117


all-India rural p erson age: 15-59 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 423 258 168 84 41 3 19 4 152 0 1000 1057309 60671 10-93 289 292 197 107 52 14 40 8 222 0 1000 367899 26709

01-93 388 267 175 90 44 6 25 5 170 0 1000 1425208 87380 31 01-05 496 309 95 44 21 4 27 4 100 0 1000 21031 1211

10-99 111 178 189 174 113 61 126 48 522 0 1000 193150 16229 01-99 149 191 179 161 104 56 116 44 480 0 1000 214180 17440 41 x 477 273 195 29 22 0 1 4 55 0 1000 3626 382 51 01-05 591 265 105 28 8 1 2 0 39 0 1000 710121 21864

10-99 405 321 188 58 18 6 4 0 86 0 1000 214752 10888 01-99 548 278 124 35 10 2 3 0 50 0 1000 924873 32752

41, 51 01-99 547 278 125 35 10 2 3 0 50 0 1000 928499 33134 11-51 01-05 490 261 142 61 28 2 13 2 106 0 1000 1788670 83787



A-118





11,12,21 01-05 208 239 200 150 102 12 80 10 353 0 1000 23832 2769 10-93 125 226 195 169 102 26 127 31 455 0 1000 262821 20959

01-93 132 227 195 168 102 24 123 29 446 0 1000 286652 23728 31 01-05 238 350 133 136 74 0 57 11 279 0 1000 2161 202

10-99 63 176 186 156 107 60 183 69 575 1 1000 275812 19953 01-99 64 177 185 156 107 59 182 68 573 1 1000 277974 20155 41 x 233 417 246 45 33 0 27 0 104 0 1000 694 178 51 01-05 466 321 152 48 8 2 0 1 60 1 1000 9811 950

10-99 263 365 243 84 28 10 8 0 129 0 1000 86805 7038 01-99 284 360 234 80 26 9 7 0 122 0 1000 96616 7988

41, 51 01-99 284 361 234 80 26 9 7 0 122 0 1000 97310 8166 11-51 01-05 280 268 183 121 75 8 57 7 269 0 1000 35815 3928



A-119





11,12,21 01-05 596 232 113 32 17 3 7 0 59 1 1000 11377 1335 10-93 356 233 154 85 49 25 69 28 256 0 1000 46722 4158

01-93 403 233 146 75 43 20 57 23 218 0 1000 58099 5493 31 01-05 653 204 79 34 18 0 13 0 65 0 1000 650 53

10-99 197 155 84 93 79 67 223 101 564 0 1000 64326 5254 01-99 202 155 84 92 79 67 221 100 559 0 1000 64976 5307 41 x 434 323 222 7 0 0 15 0 22 0 1000 138 28 51 01-05 707 229 50 7 4 3 0 0 14 0 1000 9268 734

10-99 605 254 109 17 7 4 3 2 33 0 1000 16451 1518 01-99 641 245 88 14 6 3 2 1 26 0 1000 25719 2252

41, 51 01-99 640 245 89 13 6 3 2 1 26 0 1000 25857 2280 11-51 01-05 646 230 85 21 11 3 4 0 39 0 1000 21295 2122



A-120





11,12,21 01-05 333 236 172 112 75 9 56 7 258 0 1000 35208 4104 10-93 160 227 189 157 94 25 118 31 425 0 1000 309543 25117

01-93 177 228 187 152 92 24 112 28 408 0 1000 344751 29221 31 01-05 334 316 121 113 61 0 47 8 229 0 1000 2811 255

10-99 88 172 167 144 102 61 191 75 573 0 1000 340139 25207 01-99 90 173 166 144 101 61 189 74 570 0 1000 342950 25462 41 x 266 402 242 38 27 0 25 0 90 0 1000 832 206 51 01-05 583 276 103 28 6 3 0 1 38 0 1000 19079 1684

10-99 318 347 222 73 24 9 7 0 114 0 1000 103255 8556 01-99 359 336 203 66 21 8 6 0 102 0 1000 122334 10240

41, 51 01-99 358 336 203 66 22 8 6 0 102 0 1000 123167 10446 11-51 01-05 417 254 146 84 51 6 37 5 183 0 1000 57110 6050



A-121


all-India rural + urban male age: 15 -59 years usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 298 291 205 109 57 5 29 6 206 0 1000 725309 41648 10-93 178 265 206 145 81 20 85 20 351 0 1000 550606 42298

01-93 246 280 205 125 67 11 54 12 269 0 1000 1275915 83946 31 01-05 462 300 105 64 26 5 33 4 133 0 1000 18776 1182

10-99 72 179 192 164 110 59 163 61 557 0 1000 434189 33379 01-99 88 184 188 160 106 56 158 58 539 0 1000 452965 34561 41 x 367 323 233 39 28 0 7 4 78 0 1000 3382 479 51 01-05 483 325 138 38 11 1 4 0 54 0 1000 442541 13967

10-99 327 349 218 71 23 7 6 0 106 0 1000 269867 16444 01-99 424 334 168 50 15 4 4 0 74 0 1000 712408 30411 41, 51 01-99 424 334 168 50 15 4 4 0 74 0 1000 715790 30890 11-51 01-05 369 304 178 82 39 3 20 4 148 0 1000 1186831 56839



A-122





11,12,21 01-05 662 189 95 38 13 1 3 0 54 0 1000 367208 23127 10-93 457 249 139 62 30 16 33 13 155 0 1000 126836 9528

01-93 609 205 106 44 17 5 11 4 80 0 1000 494044 32655 31 01-05 536 344 71 8 25 0 13 5 50 0 1000 5066 284

10-99 204 153 98 115 89 72 184 84 544 0 1000 99100 8057 01-99 220 162 97 110 86 68 176 80 520 0 1000 104166 8341 41 x 658 216 114 2 7 0 3 0 12 0 1000 1077 109 51 01-05 757 173 54 13 3 1 0 0 16 0 1000 286659 9581

10-99 657 218 94 21 4 3 2 1 31 0 1000 48140 3000 01-99 742 179 60 14 3 1 0 0 19 0 1000 334799 12581

41, 51 01-99 742 179 60 14 3 1 0 0 19 0 1000 335875 12690 11-51 01-05 702 183 77 26 8 1 2 0 38 0 1000 658949 32998

10-99 402 209 116 74 47 34 82 36 273 0 1000 275136 20688 01-99 614 191 88 40 20 11 25 11 107 0 1000 934085 53686 81 x 101 114 152 169 131 82 188 63 632 1 1000 42700 3679 11-81 x 591 187 91 46 25 14 33 13 130 0 1000 976785 57365 91 x 6 110 304 289 223 13 48 7 579 1 1000 207134 16937 92 x 369 238 178 104 52 6 43 11 215 0 1000 903967 61199 93 x 543 227 114 58 29 3 20 6 116 1 1000 690172 40247 94 x 464 230 139 80 35 11 33 9 167 0 1000 12527 939 95 x 742 141 79 21 6 1 9 1 38 0 1000 12655 743 97 x 660 178 82 43 14 2 8 11 79 1 1000 19780 1356 99 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 91-99 x 399 218 166 106 62 5 34 9 216 0 1000 1846236 121421 11-99 x 466 207 140 85 49 8 34 10 186 0 1000 2823021 178786 estd. persons (00) 1314748 585424 396038 240951 137852 23474 94895 28782 525953 858 2823021 x x sample persons 66606 40840 29809 19096 11137 1823 7312 2083 41451 80 17878 6 x x


A-123





11,12,21 01-05 420 257 168 85 42 4 21 4 155 0 1000 1092518 64775 10-93 230 262 193 130 71 19 76 18 314 0 1000 677442 51826

01-93 347 259 178 102 53 10 42 10 216 0 1000 1769959 116601 31 01-05 477 310 98 52 26 4 29 4 115 0 1000 23842 1466

10-99 97 174 175 155 106 61 167 65 554 0 1000 533289 41436 01-99 113 180 171 151 102 59 161 63 536 0 1000 557130 42902 41 x 437 297 204 30 23 0 6 3 62 0 1000 4459 588 51 01-05 591 265 105 28 8 1 2 0 39 0 1000 729200 23548

10-99 377 329 199 63 20 7 5 0 95 0 1000 318007 19444 01-99 526 284 133 39 11 3 3 0 56 0 1000 1047207 42992

41, 51 01-99 525 284 134 39 11 3 3 0 56 0 1000 1051666 43580 11-51 01-05 488 261 142 62 28 3 13 3 109 0 1000 1845780 89837



A-124


all-India rural male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 333 292 189 100 50 4 25 6 185 0 1000 812769 45511 10-93 243 304 207 118 58 15 45 9 245 0 1000 309095 22914

01-93 308 296 194 105 52 7 31 6 202 0 1000 1121864 68425 31 01-05 495 299 98 52 19 5 29 3 108 0 1000 17486 1013

10-99 91 188 201 177 114 56 127 47 521 0 1000 160725 13589 01-99 130 199 191 165 104 51 117 42 480 0 1000 178210 14602 41 x 422 294 208 47 24 0 1 5 77 0 1000 2985 323 51 01-05 498 319 132 36 10 1 3 0 51 0 1000 457236 13764

10-99 365 339 203 63 20 6 4 0 94 0 1000 187014 9650 01-99 459 324 152 44 13 3 4 0 64 0 1000 644250 23414

41, 51 01-99 459 324 153 44 13 3 4 0 64 0 1000 647235 23737 11-51 01-05 394 302 167 77 36 3 17 4 137 0 1000 1287701 60328



A-125


all-India rural female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 683 179 87 35 12 1 3 0 51 0 1000 386029 23565 10-93 537 251 123 46 18 10 12 4 90 0 1000 85500 5726

01-93 657 192 94 37 13 3 4 1 58 0 1000 471529 29291 31 01-05 520 363 69 4 26 0 12 6 47 0 1000 4427 233

10-99 234 150 123 152 103 77 109 51 493 0 1000 35912 2869 01-99 266 173 117 136 95 69 99 46 444 0 1000 40339 3102 41 x 723 179 88 2 7 0 1 0 9 0 1000 1045 85 51 01-05 768 164 52 12 3 1 0 0 16 0 1000 291627 9285

10-99 692 196 83 22 3 3 1 0 29 0 1000 32946 1546 01-99 760 167 55 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 324573 10831

41, 51 01-99 760 167 55 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 325618 10916 11-51 01-05 719 174 72 25 8 1 2 0 36 0 1000 682099 33089



A-126


all-India rural person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 446 256 156 79 38 3 18 4 142 0 1000 1198798 69076 10-93 307 293 189 103 50 14 38 8 212 0 1000 394595 28640

01-93 411 265 164 85 41 6 23 5 159 0 1000 1593393 97716 31 01-05 500 312 92 42 20 4 26 4 96 0 1000 21913 1246

10-99 117 181 186 173 112 60 124 47 516 0 1000 196637 16458 01-99 155 194 177 159 103 55 114 43 474 0 1000 218549 17704 41 x 500 264 177 35 19 0 1 3 60 0 1000 4030 408 51 01-05 603 258 101 27 7 1 2 0 37 0 1000 748863 23049

10-99 414 317 185 57 17 5 4 0 84 0 1000 219961 11196 01-99 560 272 120 34 10 2 3 0 48 0 1000 968823 34245

41, 51 01-99 560 272 120 34 10 2 3 0 48 0 1000 972853 34653 11-51 01-05 506 257 134 59 26 2 12 2 102 0 1000 1969799 93417



A-127


all-India urban male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 243 233 187 142 98 15 71 11 337 0 1000 28676 3331 10-93 129 230 191 169 99 25 124 33 450 0 1000 280205 22417

01-93 140 230 190 166 99 24 119 31 439 0 1000 308880 25748 31 01-05 259 344 127 130 75 0 54 10 269 0 1000 2267 213

10-99 65 180 185 156 106 59 181 68 570 0 1000 280297 20317 01-99 66 181 185 155 106 58 180 68 568 0 1000 282565 20530 41 x 232 417 246 45 33 0 27 0 105 0 1000 695 179 51 01-05 477 320 143 47 8 2 0 1 58 1 1000 10449 1019

10-99 272 361 239 82 27 10 8 0 127 0 1000 88761 7222 01-99 294 357 229 79 25 9 7 0 120 0 1000 99209 8241

41, 51 01-99 294 357 229 78 25 9 7 0 120 0 1000 99904 8420 11-51 01-05 303 261 173 117 74 11 52 9 263 0 1000 41403 4570



A-128


all-India urban female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 606 227 112 30 16 2 6 0 54 1 1000 12375 1466 10-93 379 231 146 81 46 23 65 29 245 0 1000 50179 4470

01-93 424 230 139 71 40 19 53 24 207 0 1000 62554 5936 31 01-05 662 198 76 33 17 0 13 0 63 0 1000 669 54

10-99 212 153 84 91 77 66 218 99 551 0 1000 66009 5392 01-99 216 154 84 90 77 65 216 98 546 0 1000 66678 5446 41 x 434 323 222 7 0 0 15 0 22 0 1000 138 28 51 01-05 729 212 46 6 4 3 0 0 13 0 1000 10049 784

10-99 618 246 104 16 8 3 3 2 32 0 1000 17221 1583 01-99 659 233 83 13 6 3 2 1 25 0 1000 27269 2367

41, 51 01-99 658 234 84 13 6 3 2 1 25 0 1000 27407 2395 11-51 01-05 661 220 82 20 11 3 4 0 37 0 1000 23093 2304



A-129


all-India urban person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 352 231 164 108 73 11 52 8 252 0 1000 41051 4797 10-93 167 230 184 155 91 25 115 32 419 0 1000 330384 26887

01-93 188 230 182 150 89 23 108 29 400 0 1000 371435 31684 31 01-05 351 311 116 108 62 0 45 8 222 0 1000 2936 267

10-99 93 175 166 143 101 60 188 74 566 0 1000 346307 25709 01-99 95 176 166 143 100 60 187 74 564 0 1000 349243 25976 41 x 266 401 242 39 27 0 25 0 91 0 1000 833 207 51 01-05 601 267 96 27 6 2 0 1 36 0 1000 20497 1803

10-99 328 343 217 72 24 9 7 0 112 0 1000 105981 8805 01-99 373 330 198 64 21 8 6 0 99 0 1000 126478 10608

41, 51 01-99 372 331 198 64 21 8 6 0 99 0 1000 127311 10815 11-51 01-05 431 246 140 82 51 8 35 6 182 0 1000 64496 6874



A-130


all-India rural + urban male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 330 290 189 102 52 5 27 6 191 0 1000 841445 48842 10-93 189 269 199 142 78 20 83 20 343 0 1000 589300 45331

01-93 272 282 193 118 62 11 50 12 253 0 1000 1430744 94173 31 01-05 468 304 101 61 25 5 32 4 127 0 1000 19753 1226

10-99 74 183 191 163 109 58 161 60 552 0 1000 441022 33906 01-99 91 188 187 159 105 56 156 58 534 0 1000 460775 35132 41 x 386 317 215 47 26 0 6 4 82 0 1000 3680 502 51 01-05 497 319 132 36 10 1 3 0 52 0 1000 467684 14783

10-99 335 346 214 69 22 7 5 0 104 0 1000 275775 16872 01-99 437 329 163 49 15 3 4 0 71 0 1000 743459 31655 41, 51 01-99 437 329 163 49 15 3 4 0 71 0 1000 747139 32157 11-51 01-05 391 300 167 78 37 4 19 4 141 0 1000 1329104 64898



A-131


all-India rural + urban female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 681 180 88 35 12 1 3 0 51 0 1000 398404 25031 10-93 478 243 131 59 29 15 31 13 147 0 1000 135679 10196

01-93 629 196 99 41 16 4 10 4 75 0 1000 534083 35227 31 01-05 538 342 70 7 25 0 12 5 50 0 1000 5095 287

10-99 220 152 98 112 86 70 180 82 530 0 1000 101921 8261 01-99 235 161 96 107 83 67 172 78 507 0 1000 107017 8548 41 x 689 196 104 2 6 0 3 0 11 0 1000 1183 113 51 01-05 767 166 52 12 3 1 0 0 16 0 1000 301675 10069

10-99 666 213 90 20 5 3 2 1 30 0 1000 50167 3129 01-99 753 172 57 13 3 1 0 0 18 0 1000 351842 13198

41, 51 01-99 752 173 57 13 3 1 0 0 18 0 1000 353026 13311 11-51 01-05 717 175 72 25 8 1 2 0 36 0 1000 705191 35393



A-132


all-India rural + urban person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 443 255 156 80 39 4 19 4 146 0 1000 1239849 73873 10-93 243 264 186 127 69 19 73 19 306 0 1000 724978 55527

01-93 369 258 167 97 50 9 39 9 205 0 1000 1964828 129400 31 01-05 483 312 95 50 25 4 28 4 111 0 1000 24849 1513

10-99 101 177 173 154 105 60 165 65 548 0 1000 542943 42167 01-99 118 183 170 149 101 58 159 62 529 0 1000 567792 43680 41 x 460 288 188 36 21 0 5 3 65 0 1000 4863 615 51 01-05 603 259 100 27 7 1 2 0 37 0 1000 769360 24852

10-99 386 326 195 62 19 7 5 0 93 0 1000 325942 20001 01-99 538 279 129 37 11 3 3 0 54 0 1000 1095301 44853

41, 51 01-99 538 279 129 37 11 3 3 0 54 0 1000 1100164 45468 11-51 01-05 504 257 134 60 27 3 13 3 104 0 1000 2034295 100291



A-133


all-India rural male age: all usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 336 294 187 99 49 4 25 5 183 0 1000 825167 46052 10-93 245 306 205 117 58 15 45 9 243 0 1000 312414 23096

01-93 311 297 192 104 52 7 30 6 199 0 1000 1137582 69148 31 01-05 498 301 96 51 19 5 28 3 106 0 1000 17897 1044

10-99 91 191 200 176 113 56 126 46 517 0 1000 161816 13648 01-99 132 202 190 163 104 51 116 42 476 0 1000 179713 14692 41 x 422 294 208 47 24 0 1 5 77 0 1000 2986 324 51 01-05 497 320 131 36 10 1 3 0 51 0 1000 463663 13968

10-99 365 342 201 62 20 6 4 0 92 0 1000 189569 9767 01-99 459 327 152 43 13 3 4 0 63 0 1000 653231 23735

41, 51 01-99 458 326 152 43 13 3 4 0 63 0 1000 656217 24059 11-51 01-05 395 303 166 76 35 3 17 4 135 0 1000 1306937 61104



A-134


all-India rural female age: all usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 681 183 87 34 11 1 3 0 49 0 1000 395309 23997 10-93 534 257 122 45 18 9 11 4 87 0 1000 88276 5880

01-93 654 196 93 36 13 3 4 1 56 0 1000 483584 29877 31 01-05 527 359 68 4 25 0 12 6 46 0 1000 4525 239

10-99 238 151 124 150 102 76 108 50 486 0 1000 36408 2889 01-99 270 174 118 134 93 68 97 45 438 0 1000 40933 3128 41 x 703 202 86 2 7 0 1 0 9 0 1000 1076 86 51 01-05 762 170 52 12 2 1 0 0 16 0 1000 298545 9513

10-99 691 198 83 21 3 3 1 0 28 0 1000 33740 1586 01-99 755 173 55 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 332285 11099

41, 51 01-99 755 173 55 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 333360 11185 11-51 01-05 715 178 72 25 8 1 2 0 35 0 1000 698395 33755



A-135


all-India rural person age: all usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 448 258 155 78 37 3 18 4 140 0 1000 1220476 70049 10-93 309 295 187 101 49 13 37 8 209 0 1000 400690 28976

01-93 413 267 163 84 40 6 22 5 157 0 1000 1621166 99025 31 01-05 503 312 90 41 20 4 25 4 94 0 1000 22422 1283

10-99 118 184 186 171 111 60 123 47 512 0 1000 198225 16537 01-99 158 197 176 158 102 54 113 43 469 0 1000 220646 17820 41 x 496 269 175 35 19 0 1 3 59 0 1000 4062 410 51 01-05 601 261 100 26 7 1 2 0 37 0 1000 762207 23481

10-99 414 320 183 56 17 5 4 0 83 0 1000 223309 11353 01-99 559 275 119 33 9 2 3 0 47 0 1000 985516 34834

41, 51 01-99 558 275 119 33 9 2 2 0 47 0 1000 989578 35244 11-51 01-05 507 260 133 58 26 2 12 2 100 0 1000 2005331 94859



A-136


all-India urban male age: all usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 246 235 185 140 97 15 70 11 333 0 1000 29003 3362 10-93 131 232 190 167 99 25 124 32 447 0 1000 282081 22576

01-93 142 232 190 165 98 24 119 30 436 0 1000 311083 25938 31 01-05 258 350 126 129 74 0 54 10 267 0 1000 2290 216

10-99 66 183 184 154 105 58 180 68 566 0 1000 282563 20453 01-99 68 185 184 154 105 58 179 67 563 0 1000 284853 20669 41 x 232 417 246 45 33 0 27 0 105 0 1000 695 179 51 01-05 479 321 142 46 8 2 0 1 57 1 1000 10574 1032

10-99 274 364 236 81 26 10 8 0 125 0 1000 90274 7376 01-99 296 360 226 77 25 9 7 0 118 0 1000 100849 8408

41, 51 01-99 295 360 227 77 25 9 7 0 118 0 1000 101543 8587 11-51 01-05 306 263 171 116 73 11 52 9 260 0 1000 41878 4617



A-137


all-India urban female age: all usual activity general education persons

(ps ) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. total estd. samp le status industry literate & upto secondary certificate graduate & above (00)


11,12,21 01-05 609 227 110 29 15 2 6 0 53 1 1000 12577 1477 10-93 378 244 142 78 45 22 63 28 236 0 1000 51957 4586

01-93 423 240 136 69 39 18 52 23 201 0 1000 64535 6063 31 01-05 662 198 76 33 17 0 13 0 63 0 1000 669 54

10-99 212 161 83 90 76 65 215 98 544 0 1000 66845 5474 01-99 216 161 83 89 76 64 213 97 539 0 1000 67514 5528 41 x 434 323 222 7 0 0 15 0 22 0 1000 138 28 51 01-05 729 211 47 6 4 3 0 0 13 0 1000 10305 792

10-99 617 246 106 16 8 3 3 2 32 0 1000 17386 1615 01-99 659 233 84 13 6 3 2 1 25 0 1000 27690 2407

41, 51 01-99 658 233 84 13 6 3 2 1 25 0 1000 27828 2435 11-51 01-05 663 219 81 19 10 3 4 0 36 0 1000 23551 2323



A-138


all-India urban person age: all usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 356 232 163 107 72 11 51 8 249 0 1000 41580 4839 10-93 169 234 183 154 90 25 114 32 414 0 1000 334038 27162

01-93 190 233 180 148 88 23 107 29 396 0 1000 375618 32001 31 01-05 349 315 115 107 61 0 45 8 221 0 1000 2959 270

10-99 94 179 165 142 100 59 187 74 561 0 1000 349408 25927 01-99 96 180 165 142 99 59 185 73 559 0 1000 352367 26197 41 x 266 401 242 39 27 0 25 0 91 0 1000 833 207 51 01-05 603 267 95 26 6 2 0 1 35 0 1000 20879 1824

10-99 330 345 215 71 23 9 7 0 110 0 1000 107660 8991 01-99 374 333 196 63 21 8 6 0 98 0 1000 128539 10815

41, 51 01-99 373 333 196 63 21 8 6 0 98 0 1000 129372 11022 11-51 01-05 434 247 139 81 51 8 34 6 179 0 1000 65429 6940



A-139


all-India rural + urban male age: all usual activity general education persons

(ps ) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. total estd. sample s tatus industry literate & upto secondary certificate graduate & above (00)


11,12,21 01-05 333 292 187 100 51 5 26 6 188 0 1000 854170 49414 10-93 191 271 198 141 77 20 82 20 340 0 1000 594495 45672

01-93 275 283 192 117 62 11 49 12 250 0 1000 1448665 95086 31 01-05 470 306 99 60 25 5 31 4 124 0 1000 20187 1260

10-99 76 186 190 162 108 57 160 60 548 0 1000 444379 34101 01-99 93 191 186 158 105 55 155 58 530 0 1000 464566 35361 41 x 386 317 215 47 26 0 6 4 82 0 1000 3681 503 51 01-05 497 320 132 36 10 1 3 0 51 0 1000 474237 15000

10-99 335 349 212 68 22 7 5 0 103 0 1000 279843 17143 01-99 437 331 162 48 14 3 4 0 70 0 1000 754080 32143 41, 51 01-99 437 331 162 48 15 3 4 0 70 0 1000 757761 32646 11-51 01-05 393 302 166 77 36 3 18 4 139 0 1000 1348815 65721



A-140


all-India rural + urban female age: all usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 679 184 87 34 11 1 3 0 50 0 1000 407886 25474 10-93 476 252 129 57 28 14 30 13 142 0 1000 140233 10466

01-93 627 202 98 40 16 4 10 4 73 0 1000 548119 35940 31 01-05 544 338 69 7 24 0 12 5 49 0 1000 5194 293

10-99 221 157 98 111 85 69 177 81 523 0 1000 103254 8363 01-99 237 166 96 106 82 66 169 77 501 0 1000 108447 8656 41 x 672 216 101 2 6 0 2 0 10 0 1000 1214 114 51 01-05 761 171 52 12 3 1 0 0 15 0 1000 308850 10305

10-99 666 214 91 20 5 3 2 1 30 0 1000 51125 3201 01-99 748 177 57 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 359975 13506

41, 51 01-99 748 177 58 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 361189 13620 11-51 01-05 713 180 72 24 8 1 2 0 35 0 1000 721945 36078



A-141


all-India rural + urban person age: all usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 445 257 155 79 38 4 19 4 143 0 1000 1262056 74888 10-93 246 267 185 125 68 19 72 19 302 0 1000 734728 56138

01-93 371 261 166 96 49 9 38 9 202 0 1000 1996784 131026 31 01-05 485 313 93 49 25 4 27 4 109 0 1000 25381 1553

10-99 103 181 173 152 104 60 163 64 543 0 1000 547633 42464 01-99 120 186 169 148 100 57 157 61 524 0 1000 573014 44017 41 x 457 292 187 36 21 0 5 3 65 0 1000 4895 617 51 01-05 601 262 100 26 7 1 2 0 37 0 1000 783087 25305

10-99 386 328 194 61 19 6 5 0 92 0 1000 330968 20344 01-99 537 281 128 37 11 3 3 0 53 0 1000 1114055 45649

41, 51 01-99 537 281 128 37 11 3 3 0 53 0 1000 1118949 46266 11-51 01-05 504 259 133 59 26 3 12 3 103 0 1000 2070761 101799



A-142

Table (23): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status for each general educational level

all-India rural male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 100 146 145 148 147 191 200 162 158 98 134 313119 23211 01-93 463 516 502 497 495 362 513 438 490 528 491 1150833 70524 31 01-05 12 8 4 4 3 4 7 3 4 2 7 17552 1015

10-99 19 47 73 114 143 381 288 436 171 42 69 162028 13662 01-99 31 55 76 118 145 385 295 440 175 44 77 179579 14677 41 x 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 3086 331 51 01-05 304 225 136 68 37 23 22 8 49 280 196 460493 13896

10-99 91 99 86 49 30 51 12 5 37 15 81 189550 9791 01-99 395 324 222 117 67 74 34 13 86 295 277 650044 23687

41, 51 01-99 397 325 224 117 68 74 34 14 87 295 279 653130 24018 11-51 01-05 679 603 497 420 388 198 341 287 385 712 561 1315968 62264



A-143

Table (23): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorised 'not working' in the

principal status for each general educational level

all-India rural female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 42 60 56 44 39 110 60 73 48 8 48 110767 7126 01-93 336 301 275 224 169 214 141 113 198 137 308 718635 43890 31 01-05 2 4 1 0 2 0 2 4 1 1 2 4649 239

10-99 7 12 17 43 63 272 177 300 79 0 16 37865 2967 01-99 8 16 18 43 65 272 179 304 80 1 18 42514 3206 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1908 121 51 01-05 186 116 65 31 15 20 1 6 23 64 142 330570 10751

10-99 19 16 11 6 2 18 2 0 5 0 16 37036 1742 01-99 205 132 77 37 17 38 3 6 28 64 158 367606 12493

41, 51 01-99 206 132 78 37 17 38 3 6 28 64 158 369514 12614 11-51 01-05 483 361 286 212 147 125 85 50 174 193 404 943149 47762



A-144



all-India rural person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 63 110 112 112 111 166 166 139 122 54 91 423886 30337 01-93 381 426 418 402 388 316 422 352 395 336 400 1869468 114414 31 01-05 5 6 3 3 2 3 6 3 3 1 5 22201 1254

10-99 11 32 52 89 117 347 261 400 141 21 43 199892 16629 01-99 16 38 55 92 119 350 267 404 144 23 47 222093 17883 41 x 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 4995 452 51 01-05 228 180 110 55 30 22 17 7 40 174 169 791063 24647

10-99 44 64 58 34 21 40 9 4 27 8 48 226586 11533 01-99 272 244 168 89 51 63 26 11 67 182 218 1017649 36180

41, 51 01-99 274 245 169 90 52 63 26 12 68 182 219 1022644 36632 11-51 01-05 552 502 419 348 309 175 278 224 316 457 483 2259117 110026



A-145



all-India urban male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 330 348 303 307 271 230 307 270 290 176 309 284070 22718 01-93 393 386 335 336 300 245 326 280 314 210 342 314133 26220 31 01-05 5 4 2 2 2 0 1 1 1 0 2 2267 213

10-99 163 272 294 283 283 523 447 561 364 520 308 282871 20465 01-99 169 276 296 285 284 523 448 562 366 520 310 285139 20678 41 x 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 697 182 51 01-05 45 18 9 3 1 1 0 0 1 30 12 10574 1036

10-99 222 174 121 49 23 30 6 1 27 3 98 90214 7345 01-99 267 192 129 52 24 31 6 1 28 32 110 100787 8381

41, 51 01-99 269 194 130 53 24 31 7 1 28 32 110 101485 8563 11-51 01-05 114 60 42 34 31 15 20 11 26 64 47 42916 4759



A-146



all-India urban female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 100 95 80 52 50 127 63 75 59 6 81 68738 5878 01-93 153 125 100 62 54 134 65 78 65 59 107 90768 8310 31 01-05 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 669 54

10-99 61 63 41 56 70 342 199 284 125 82 81 68532 5567 01-99 63 64 41 57 70 342 199 284 125 82 82 69201 5621 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 142 30 51 01-05 37 16 5 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 14 12243 975

10-99 50 29 15 4 5 8 1 1 3 0 24 19886 1795 01-99 87 45 20 5 6 11 1 1 4 0 38 32128 2770

41, 51 01-99 87 45 21 5 6 11 1 1 4 0 38 32271 2800 11-51 01-05 92 46 25 11 6 9 2 4 7 52 41 34941 3461



A-147



all-India urban person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 174 228 204 199 179 200 212 190 197 112 200 352808 28596 01-93 230 262 231 220 197 212 224 198 213 153 229 404901 34530 31 01-05 3 3 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 2936 267

10-99 94 173 182 187 194 470 350 448 268 354 199 351403 26032 01-99 97 176 183 189 195 470 351 449 269 354 201 354339 26299 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 839 212 51 01-05 40 17 7 2 1 1 0 0 1 18 13 22816 2011

10-99 105 105 74 30 15 24 4 1 17 2 62 110099 9140 01-99 145 122 81 32 16 25 4 1 18 20 75 132916 11151

41, 51 01-99 145 123 82 32 16 25 4 1 18 20 76 133755 11363 11-51 01-05 99 53 34 24 21 13 13 8 18 59 44 77857 8220



A-148



all-India rural+urban male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 130 191 190 209 203 213 266 234 220 118 183 597189 45929 01-93 454 487 454 435 407 295 398 333 407 447 449 1464966 96744 31 01-05 11 7 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 1 6 19819 1228

10-99 38 97 136 179 206 462 386 519 263 164 136 444899 34127 01-99 49 104 139 182 208 464 389 521 265 165 142 464718 35355 41 x 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 3783 513 51 01-05 271 179 100 43 21 10 8 3 26 217 144 471067 14932

10-99 108 115 96 49 27 39 8 2 32 12 86 279764 17136 01-99 379 295 196 92 48 49 17 5 59 228 230 750831 32068

41, 51 01-99 381 296 197 93 48 49 17 5 59 228 231 754615 32581 11-51 01-05 607 482 367 272 227 94 143 104 215 547 416 1358885 67023



A-149



all-India rural+urban female age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 50 69 64 48 45 119 63 74 54 8 56 179506 13004 01-93 309 254 214 150 107 170 84 85 124 123 255 809403 52200 31 01-05 2 3 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 5318 293

10-99 15 26 25 49 67 310 194 287 105 14 33 106397 8534 01-99 16 29 26 49 68 310 195 288 105 15 35 111715 8827 41 x 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2051 151 51 01-05 164 89 44 17 7 10 0 1 10 53 108 342812 11726

10-99 23 19 13 5 4 13 1 1 4 0 18 56922 3537 01-99 187 109 57 22 11 23 2 2 15 53 126 399734 15263

41, 51 01-99 188 109 58 22 11 23 2 2 15 53 126 401785 15414 11-51 01-05 425 278 195 120 70 61 22 13 81 168 308 978090 51223



A-150



all-India rural+urban person age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 78 138 140 148 144 185 197 175 160 67 121 776695 58933 01-93 360 387 360 327 295 258 290 242 304 296 353 2274369 148944 31 01-05 5 5 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 25137 1521

10-99 23 66 92 130 154 417 320 434 205 94 86 551296 42661 01-99 28 71 95 132 156 418 323 436 207 95 89 576433 44182 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5834 664 51 01-05 202 140 78 33 16 10 6 2 21 140 126 813879 26658

10-99 53 74 63 32 18 31 6 2 22 6 52 336686 20673 01-99 254 215 141 66 34 41 12 4 42 146 179 1150565 47331

41, 51 01-99 256 216 142 66 34 41 12 4 43 146 180 1156399 47995 11-51 01-05 488 394 299 215 169 84 102 71 166 370 363 2336975 118246



A-151



all-India rural male age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 57 73 126 147 147 189 200 162 157 46 86 317203 23442 01-93 265 259 440 493 495 359 512 438 488 247 318 1172453 71543 31 01-05 7 4 3 4 3 4 7 3 4 1 5 17963 1046

10-99 11 23 63 113 143 379 288 436 170 20 44 163178 13723 01-99 18 27 67 117 145 382 295 440 174 21 49 181140 14769 41 x 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 3087 332 51 01-05 172 112 120 67 37 23 22 8 49 131 127 467632 14119

10-99 52 49 75 48 30 50 12 5 37 7 52 192346 9915 01-99 224 162 195 116 67 73 34 13 86 138 179 659978 24034

41, 51 01-99 225 162 196 116 68 73 34 14 86 138 180 663065 24366 11-51 01-05 387 303 437 417 388 197 341 287 383 333 363 1341054 63306

10-99 121 146 266 309 320 618 500 604 365 73 183 675604 47372 01-99 508 449 703 726 708 815 840 891 748 405 546 2016659 110678 81 x 2 5 12 24 35 68 57 54 35 29 9 32716 2382 11-81 x 510 454 715 751 743 883 897 945 783 435 555 2049375 113060 91 x 52 502 260 225 238 76 82 24 193 306 262 969078 55975 92 x 3 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 6584 435 93 x 3 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 6711 428 94 x 7 5 6 13 9 30 14 28 13 0 7 25450 1698 95 x 18 7 6 4 3 6 3 0 4 0 10 38277 1794 97 x 111 21 11 6 5 4 4 3 5 74 50 185181 8539 99 x 297 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 185 111 411279 21386 91-99 x 490 546 285 249 257 117 103 55 217 565 445 1642559 90255 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3691933 203315 estd. persons (00) 1344506 1333485 516019 253511 129386 24343 71632 17376 496247 1677 3691933 x x sample persons 61414 73742 31100 17538 9665 1916 6204 1585 36908 151 20331 5 x x


A-152



all-India rural female age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 30 29 48 43 39 109 60 73 48 3 32 115258 7356 01-93 240 143 235 223 169 215 141 113 197 70 208 739578 44906 31 01-05 1 2 1 0 2 0 2 4 1 0 1 4748 245

10-99 5 6 15 42 63 270 176 300 78 0 11 38361 2987 01-99 6 7 16 43 65 270 178 304 79 0 12 43109 3232 41 x 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1965 123 51 01-05 132 55 57 31 15 20 1 6 23 26 95 338827 11024

10-99 13 7 10 6 2 17 2 0 5 0 11 38030 1791 01-99 146 62 67 37 17 37 3 6 28 26 106 376857 12815

41, 51 01-99 146 63 67 37 17 37 3 6 28 26 107 378823 12938 11-51 01-05 343 171 245 211 147 126 85 50 174 93 273 967985 48828



A-153



all-India rural person age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 41 53 97 111 111 164 166 139 122 24 60 432461 30798 01-93 250 209 362 399 387 315 421 352 393 154 264 1912031 116449 31 01-05 3 3 2 3 2 3 6 3 3 1 3 22710 1291

10-99 7 16 45 89 117 345 260 400 140 9 28 201539 16710 01-99 11 19 47 91 119 347 266 404 143 10 31 224249 18001 41 x 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 5053 455 51 01-05 149 87 96 55 30 22 17 7 40 76 111 806459 25143

10-99 29 31 50 34 21 40 9 4 26 3 32 230376 11706 01-99 178 118 146 89 51 62 26 11 67 79 143 1036835 36849

41, 51 01-99 178 119 147 89 52 62 26 12 67 79 144 1041888 37304 11-51 01-05 361 245 364 345 308 175 278 224 315 207 319 2309039 112134



A-154



all-India urban male age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 149 170 263 306 271 230 307 270 289 79 222 286374 22912 01-93 177 189 291 334 300 245 326 280 313 94 246 316831 26456 31 01-05 2 2 1 2 2 0 1 1 1 0 2 2290 216

10-99 75 134 255 282 283 521 446 561 364 233 221 285166 20605 01-99 77 136 256 284 284 521 447 562 365 233 223 287456 20821 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 697 182 51 01-05 20 9 7 3 1 1 0 0 1 13 8 10732 1052

10-99 100 86 105 49 23 30 6 1 27 1 71 91754 7506 01-99 121 95 112 52 24 31 6 1 28 15 79 102486 8558

41, 51 01-99 121 95 113 52 24 31 7 1 28 15 80 103184 8740 11-51 01-05 51 29 36 34 31 16 20 11 26 29 34 43491 4820



A-155



all-India urban female age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 67 51 68 52 49 127 63 75 59 3 60 71487 6057 01-93 102 65 84 61 54 133 65 78 65 25 79 93872 8520 31 01-05 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 669 54

10-99 40 32 34 56 69 340 199 284 125 35 59 69379 5652 01-99 42 32 34 56 70 340 199 284 125 35 59 70047 5706 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 142 30 51 01-05 25 8 4 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 11 12598 991

10-99 33 14 13 4 5 8 1 1 3 0 17 20171 1831 01-99 58 22 17 5 6 11 1 1 4 0 28 32769 2822

41, 51 01-99 58 22 18 5 6 11 1 1 4 0 28 32911 2852 11-51 01-05 61 23 22 10 6 9 2 4 7 22 30 35652 3508



A-156



all-India urban person age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 100 114 175 198 179 199 212 190 196 49 145 357860 28969 01-93 133 130 197 218 197 212 224 198 213 67 166 410703 34976 31 01-05 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 2959 270

10-99 54 86 155 186 194 468 350 448 267 156 143 354544 26257 01-99 56 87 156 187 195 468 350 449 268 156 144 357503 26527 41 x 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 839 212 51 01-05 23 8 6 2 1 1 0 0 1 8 9 23330 2043

10-99 60 52 63 30 15 24 4 1 17 1 45 111925 9337 01-99 83 60 69 32 16 25 4 1 18 9 55 135255 11380

41, 51 01-99 84 61 70 32 16 25 4 1 18 9 55 136095 11592 11-51 01-05 57 26 30 24 20 14 13 8 18 26 32 79143 8328



A-157



all-India rural+urban male age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 72 95 166 208 203 212 266 234 220 55 121 603577 46354 01-93 252 244 397 432 407 294 398 333 405 207 299 1489284 97999 31 01-05 6 4 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 1 4 20253 1262

10-99 21 48 118 178 206 460 385 519 262 76 90 448343 34328 01-99 27 52 121 181 208 461 389 521 264 76 94 468596 35590 41 x 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 3785 514 51 01-05 148 89 88 43 21 10 8 3 26 100 96 478364 15171

10-99 59 58 84 49 27 39 8 2 32 5 57 284100 17421 01-99 208 146 172 91 48 49 17 5 58 106 153 762464 32592

41, 51 01-99 209 147 173 92 48 49 17 5 59 106 154 766249 33106 11-51 01-05 334 242 323 271 227 94 143 104 215 253 278 1384546 68126



A-158



all-India rural+urban female age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 36 34 55 47 45 119 62 74 54 3 39 186744 13413 01-93 218 124 182 148 106 170 84 85 123 62 176 833450 53426 31 01-05 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 5416 299

10-99 10 12 21 49 67 308 194 287 104 6 23 107739 8639 01-99 12 14 22 49 68 308 194 288 105 6 24 113156 8938 41 x 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2108 153 51 01-05 115 43 39 17 7 10 0 1 10 22 74 351425 12015

10-99 16 9 11 5 4 13 1 1 4 0 12 58201 3622 01-99 132 52 49 22 11 23 2 2 15 22 86 409626 15637

41, 51 01-99 132 52 50 22 11 23 2 2 15 22 87 411734 15790 11-51 01-05 299 134 167 119 70 61 22 13 80 81 212 1003637 52336



A-159



all-India rural+urban person age: all usual activity general education persons (principal) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. all estimated sample


10-93 50 68 121 147 144 184 196 175 159 29 81 790321 59767 01-93 232 190 311 325 295 257 290 242 302 135 239 2322734 151425 31 01-05 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 0 3 25669 1561

10-99 15 32 79 129 154 414 320 434 204 41 57 556083 42967 01-99 18 35 81 131 156 416 322 436 206 42 60 581752 44528 41 x 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5892 667 51 01-05 129 68 68 33 16 10 6 2 21 61 85 829789 27186

10-99 34 36 54 32 18 31 6 2 22 3 35 342301 21043 01-99 163 104 122 65 34 41 12 4 42 64 121 1172090 48229

41, 51 01-99 163 105 123 66 34 41 12 4 43 64 121 1177982 48896 11-51 01-05 313 193 260 213 168 84 102 71 166 168 246 2388182 120462



A-160


A-160

Table (24): Per 1000 distribution of persons by general educational level for each usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status


(ps+ss ) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. total estd. sample status industry literate & upto secondary certificate graduate & above (00)


11,12,21 01-05 399 498 103 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 17537 788 10-93 414 485 101 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 4084 231

01-93 402 495 103 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 21620 1019 31 01-05 594 391 15 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 411 31

10-99 192 651 157 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1150 61 01-99 298 582 120 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1561 92 41 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1 1 51 01-05 428 447 125 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 7138 223

10-99 349 573 78 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2796 124 01-99 406 482 112 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 9934 347

41, 51 01-99 406 482 112 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 9935 348 11-51 01-05 410 482 108 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 25086 1042

10-99 360 539 101 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 8031 417 01-99 398 496 106 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 33117 1459 81 x 355 534 111 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1184 45 11-81 x 397 497 106 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 34301 1504 91 x 88 827 82 2 0 0 0 - 3 1 1000 777027 42532 92 x 664 322 13 1 0 0 0 - 1 0 1000 971 70 93 x 595 340 65 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2300 100 94 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 95 x 852 148 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2958 133 97 x 906 89 5 0 0 0 0 - 0 1 1000 118284 4957 99 x 971 28 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 1 1000 411279 21386 91-99 x 441 507 49 1 0 0 0 - 2 1 1000 1312818 69178 11-99 x 440 507 50 1 0 0 0 - 2 1 1000 1347119 70682 estd. persons (00) 593176 683058 67714 1924 101 172 80 - 2278 893 1347119 x x sample persons 28887 37802 3780 107 5 7 12 0 131 82 70682 x x


A-161

Table (24): Per 1000 distribution of persons by general educational level for each usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of

persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural female age: 0-14 years

usual activity general education persons (ps+ss ) not literate middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. total estd. sample

status industry literate & upto secondary certificate graduate & above (00) primary course & above

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 497 414 84 1 0 2 0 - 3 2 1000 16453 786

10-93 401 480 117 1 0 0 0 - 1 0 1000 4490 230 01-93 477 428 91 1 0 1 0 - 3 1 1000 20943 1016 31 01-05 850 150 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 98 6

10-99 530 246 224 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 496 20 01-99 583 230 187 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 595 26 41 x 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 57 2 51 01-05 521 384 87 8 0 0 0 - 8 0 1000 8258 273

10-99 622 311 67 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 994 49 01-99 532 376 85 7 0 0 0 - 7 0 1000 9252 322

41, 51 01-99 528 380 84 7 0 0 0 - 7 0 1000 9309 324 11-51 01-05 506 404 84 4 0 1 0 - 5 1 1000 24836 1066



A-162


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural person age: 0-14 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 446 457 94 1 0 1 0 - 2 1 1000 33990 1574

10-93 407 482 110 1 0 0 0 - 1 0 1000 8574 461 01-93 439 462 97 1 0 1 0 - 1 1 1000 42564 2035 31 01-05 644 344 12 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 509 37

10-99 294 529 177 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1646 81 01-99 376 485 138 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2156 118 41 x 18 982 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 58 3 51 01-05 478 413 104 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 15396 496

10-99 421 505 75 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 3790 173 01-99 467 431 99 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 19186 669

41, 51 01-99 465 433 98 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 19244 672 11-51 01-05 458 443 96 2 0 1 0 - 2 0 1000 49922 2108



A-163


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban male age: 0-14 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 527 353 44 8 0 67 0 - 76 0 1000 394 42

10-93 328 538 111 0 0 0 22 - 22 0 1000 2304 194 01-93 357 511 101 1 0 10 19 - 30 0 1000 2698 236 31 01-05 102 898 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 23 3

10-99 305 624 70 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 2294 140 01-99 303 626 69 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 2317 143 41 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 51 01-05 480 484 36 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 159 16

10-99 387 542 69 0 0 0 3 - 3 0 1000 1540 161 01-99 395 537 66 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 1699 177

41, 51 01-99 395 537 66 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 1699 177 11-51 01-05 498 410 40 6 0 46 0 - 52 0 1000 575 61



A-164


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban female age: 0-14 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 497 382 118 2 0 0 0 - 2 0 1000 356 31

10-93 272 666 62 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 2748 179 01-93 297 634 68 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 3104 210 31 01-05 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0

10-99 243 729 28 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 846 85 01-99 243 729 28 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 846 85 41 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 51 01-05 608 230 162 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 355 16

10-99 585 291 124 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 285 36 01-99 598 257 145 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 640 52

41, 51 01-99 598 257 145 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 640 52 11-51 01-05 553 306 140 1 0 0 0 - 1 0 1000 711 47



A-165


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban person age: 0-14 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 513 366 80 6 0 35 0 - 41 0 1000 749 73

10-93 297 608 84 0 0 0 10 - 10 0 1000 5052 373 01-93 325 577 84 1 0 5 9 - 14 0 1000 5801 446 31 01-05 102 898 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 23 3

10-99 288 652 58 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 3141 225 01-99 287 654 58 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 3163 228 41 x - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 51 01-05 568 308 123 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 514 32

10-99 418 503 77 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 1825 197 01-99 451 460 87 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 2339 229

41, 51 01-99 451 460 87 0 0 0 2 - 2 0 1000 2339 229 11-51 01-05 528 353 96 3 0 21 0 - 24 0 1000 1286 108



A-166





11,12,21 01-05 402 495 102 0 0 1 0 - 2 0 1000 17930 830 10-93 383 504 105 0 0 0 8 - 8 0 1000 6388 425

01-93 397 497 103 0 0 1 2 - 3 0 1000 24318 1255 31 01-05 569 417 14 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 434 34

10-99 267 633 99 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 3445 201 01-99 301 609 89 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 3878 235 41 x 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1 1 51 01-05 430 448 123 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 7297 239

10-99 362 562 75 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 4336 285 01-99 405 490 105 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 11633 524

41, 51 01-99 405 490 105 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 11634 525 11-51 01-05 412 480 106 0 0 1 0 - 1 0 1000 25661 1103



A-167


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural + urban female age: 0-14 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 497 414 85 1 0 2 0 - 3 1 1000 16809 817

10-93 352 551 96 1 0 0 0 - 1 0 1000 7239 409 01-93 453 455 88 1 0 1 0 - 2 1 1000 24047 1226 31 01-05 850 150 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 98 6

10-99 349 550 100 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1342 105 01-99 383 523 94 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1441 111 41 x 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 57 2 51 01-05 524 378 90 8 0 0 0 - 8 0 1000 8613 289

10-99 614 307 80 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 1279 85 01-99 536 368 89 7 0 0 0 - 7 0 1000 9892 374

41, 51 01-99 533 372 88 7 0 0 0 - 7 0 1000 9949 376 11-51 01-05 507 401 86 3 0 1 0 - 5 1 1000 25547 1113



A-168


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural + urban person age: 0-14 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 448 455 94 1 0 1 0 - 2 1 1000 34739 1647

10-93 367 529 100 0 0 0 4 - 4 0 1000 13626 834 01-93 425 476 95 1 0 1 1 - 3 1 1000 48365 2481 31 01-05 621 368 12 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 532 40

10-99 290 610 99 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 4787 306 01-99 323 586 91 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 5319 346 41 x 18 982 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 1000 58 3 51 01-05 481 410 105 4 0 0 0 - 4 0 1000 15910 528

10-99 420 504 76 0 0 0 1 - 1 0 1000 5615 370 01-99 465 434 97 3 0 0 0 - 3 0 1000 21525 898

41, 51 01-99 464 436 97 3 0 0 0 - 3 0 1000 21583 901 11-51 01-05 460 441 96 2 0 1 0 - 3 0 1000 51208 2216



A-169





11,12,21 01-05 179 292 287 137 73 5 22 3 241 0 1000 166708 9556 10-93 142 303 276 151 82 9 32 4 278 0 1000 59798 4062

01-93 169 295 284 141 76 6 24 4 251 0 1000 226505 13618 31 01-05 444 328 129 70 14 0 14 2 99 0 1000 3819 192

10-99 84 261 289 173 95 51 38 10 366 0 1000 32815 1781 01-99 122 268 272 162 87 46 35 9 338 0 1000 36634 1973 41 x 249 211 351 68 102 0 0 18 189 0 1000 754 75 51 01-05 299 403 223 55 14 1 5 1 75 0 1000 110079 3425

10-99 226 393 261 83 26 7 3 0 120 0 1000 62762 3092 01-99 272 400 237 65 18 3 4 1 91 0 1000 172841 6517

41, 51 01-99 272 399 237 65 19 3 4 1 92 0 1000 173595 6592 11-51 01-05 230 336 260 104 49 4 15 2 174 0 1000 280636 13177



A-170


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural female age: 15 -24 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 431 251 192 80 37 2 6 0 126 0 1000 116006 7093

10-93 323 285 219 92 45 16 14 5 172 0 1000 28169 1681 01-93 410 258 197 83 39 5 8 1 135 0 1000 144176 8774 31 01-05 365 444 171 0 0 0 8 13 21 0 1000 734 33

10-99 86 174 181 175 142 85 121 34 558 0 1000 7750 527 01-99 111 198 180 160 130 78 111 33 511 0 1000 8483 560 41 x 622 193 163 4 17 0 1 0 22 0 1000 386 32 51 01-05 533 276 145 37 8 2 0 0 46 0 1000 68328 2236

10-99 528 253 160 44 8 7 0 0 59 0 1000 10061 450 01-99 532 273 147 38 8 2 0 0 48 0 1000 78388 2686

41, 51 01-99 533 273 147 38 8 2 0 0 48 0 1000 78775 2718 11-51 01-05 468 261 175 64 26 2 4 0 96 0 1000 185075 9364



A-171





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 282 275 248 114 59 4 15 2 194 0 1000 282714 16649

10-93 200 298 258 132 70 11 26 4 244 0 1000 87967 5743 01-93 263 281 251 118 61 6 18 3 206 0 1000 370681 22392 31 01-05 431 347 136 59 11 0 13 4 86 0 1000 4552 225

10-99 84 244 268 173 104 58 54 14 403 0 1000 40565 2308 01-99 119 255 255 161 95 52 50 13 371 0 1000 45117 2533 41 x 376 205 287 47 73 0 1 12 132 0 1000 1140 107 51 01-05 388 355 193 48 11 1 3 1 64 0 1000 178407 5661

10-99 268 374 247 78 24 7 3 0 111 0 1000 72823 3542 01-99 353 360 209 57 15 3 3 0 78 0 1000 251229 9203

41, 51 01-99 353 359 209 57 15 3 3 0 78 0 1000 252369 9310 11-51 01-05 324 306 226 88 40 3 10 2 143 0 1000 465711 22541



A-172





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 130 291 260 185 89 12 32 0 319 0 1000 4699 568

10-93 118 264 267 166 105 21 53 6 351 0 1000 48370 3710 01-93 119 266 266 167 104 20 51 6 349 0 1000 53070 4278 31 01-05 358 272 213 151 6 0 0 0 157 0 1000 437 27

10-99 67 275 300 151 78 40 76 11 357 1 1000 52672 3353 01-99 69 275 299 151 78 40 76 11 356 1 1000 53109 3380 41 x 47 599 270 1 0 0 83 0 84 0 1000 94 39 51 01-05 352 355 228 53 12 1 0 0 66 0 1000 2051 202

10-99 183 386 307 84 23 11 7 0 124 0 1000 29686 2238 01-99 194 384 302 82 22 10 6 0 120 0 1000 31737 2440

41, 51 01-99 194 385 302 82 22 10 6 0 120 0 1000 31832 2479 11-51 01-05 207 308 248 145 62 8 21 0 237 0 1000 7190 799



A-173





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 406 278 156 118 29 3 7 0 157 2 1000 3428 383

10-93 192 273 243 103 81 30 69 9 292 0 1000 15344 1183 01-93 231 274 227 106 72 25 57 7 267 0 1000 18772 1566 31 01-05 735 265 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 31 4

10-99 123 186 136 130 100 67 208 50 554 0 1000 13499 992 01-99 125 186 136 129 99 67 208 50 553 0 1000 13530 996 41 x 0 738 262 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 3 4 51 01-05 493 321 140 22 11 13 0 0 47 0 1000 2202 164

10-99 352 306 264 22 40 11 4 0 78 0 1000 3898 355 01-99 403 311 219 22 30 12 2 0 66 0 1000 6100 519

41, 51 01-99 403 312 219 22 30 12 2 0 66 0 1000 6103 523 11-51 01-05 442 295 149 80 22 7 5 0 113 1 1000 5662 551



A-174





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 246 285 216 157 63 9 22 0 251 1 1000 8127 951

10-93 136 266 261 150 99 23 57 7 337 0 1000 63714 4893 01-93 148 268 256 151 95 22 53 6 327 0 1000 71841 5844 31 01-05 383 272 199 141 6 0 0 0 147 0 1000 469 31

10-99 79 257 266 147 83 45 103 19 398 1 1000 66171 4345 01-99 81 257 266 147 82 45 103 19 396 1 1000 66639 4376 41 x 46 603 270 1 0 0 81 0 82 0 1000 97 43 51 01-05 425 337 182 37 12 7 0 0 56 0 1000 4253 366

10-99 203 377 302 77 25 11 6 0 118 0 1000 33584 2593 01-99 228 372 289 72 23 10 6 0 111 0 1000 37837 2959

41, 51 01-99 227 373 288 72 23 10 6 0 111 0 1000 37934 3002 11-51 01-05 310 302 204 117 44 8 14 0 182 1 1000 12851 1350



A-175





11,12,21 01-05 178 292 287 139 74 5 22 3 243 0 1000 171407 10124 10-93 131 286 272 158 92 14 42 5 311 0 1000 108168 7772

01-93 160 290 281 146 81 9 30 4 269 0 1000 279575 17896 31 01-05 435 322 137 78 13 0 12 2 105 0 1000 4256 219

10-99 74 269 295 160 85 44 62 11 361 1 1000 85487 5134 01-99 91 272 288 156 81 42 59 10 349 1 1000 89743 5353 41 x 227 254 342 61 91 0 9 16 177 0 1000 848 114 51 01-05 300 403 223 55 14 1 5 1 75 0 1000 112130 3627

10-99 212 391 276 83 25 8 4 0 121 0 1000 92448 5330 01-99 260 397 247 68 19 4 4 0 96 0 1000 204578 8957

41, 51 01-99 260 397 247 68 19 4 4 1 96 0 1000 205426 9071 11-51 01-05 229 336 260 105 49 4 15 2 175 0 1000 287825 13976



A-176





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 430 252 191 81 37 2 6 0 127 1 1000 119435 7476

10-93 277 281 228 96 58 21 33 6 215 0 1000 43513 2864 01-93 389 259 201 85 43 7 13 2 150 0 1000 162947 10340 31 01-05 380 436 164 0 0 0 7 13 20 0 1000 765 37

10-99 110 182 153 146 115 73 176 45 556 0 1000 21249 1519 01-99 119 191 153 141 111 71 171 43 537 0 1000 22013 1556 41 x 617 197 164 4 17 0 1 0 22 0 1000 389 36 51 01-05 531 277 145 37 8 2 0 0 46 0 1000 70530 2400

10-99 479 268 189 38 17 8 1 0 64 0 1000 13958 805 01-99 523 276 152 37 9 3 0 0 49 0 1000 84488 3205

41, 51 01-99 523 275 152 37 9 3 0 0 49 0 1000 84877 3241 11-51 01-05 467 262 174 64 26 2 4 0 97 0 1000 190737 9915



A-177





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 281 276 247 115 59 4 15 2 195 0 1000 290841 17600

10-93 173 284 259 140 82 16 39 6 283 0 1000 151681 10636 01-93 244 279 251 124 67 8 24 3 225 0 1000 442522 28236 31 01-05 427 340 141 66 11 0 11 3 92 0 1000 5021 256

10-99 81 252 267 157 91 50 84 17 400 1 1000 106735 6653 01-99 96 256 261 153 87 48 81 17 386 0 1000 111756 6909 41 x 350 236 286 43 67 0 7 11 129 0 1000 1237 150 51 01-05 389 354 193 48 11 2 3 1 64 0 1000 182660 6027

10-99 247 375 265 77 24 8 4 0 114 0 1000 106407 6135 01-99 337 362 219 59 16 4 3 0 82 0 1000 289066 12162

41, 51 01-99 337 361 219 59 16 4 3 0 82 0 1000 290304 12312 11-51 01-05 324 306 225 89 40 3 11 2 144 0 1000 478563 23891



A-178


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural male age: 15-29 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 185 282 267 145 79 6 30 7 267 0 1000 262813 15359

10-93 142 283 261 157 87 13 48 8 314 0 1000 103201 7327 01-93 173 282 265 148 81 8 35 7 280 0 1000 366014 22686 31 01-05 449 321 128 54 15 7 23 1 101 0 1000 5971 299

10-99 80 223 254 173 99 57 86 27 443 0 1000 55812 3455 01-99 116 232 242 162 91 52 80 25 410 0 1000 61783 3754 41 x 235 194 381 94 80 0 3 12 189 0 1000 1200 125 51 01-05 337 381 203 57 16 1 5 1 79 0 1000 170508 5218

10-99 254 365 259 84 24 9 5 0 122 0 1000 93060 4683 01-99 308 375 222 66 19 4 5 0 94 0 1000 263568 9901

41, 51 01-99 307 374 223 67 19 4 5 0 95 0 1000 264767 10026 11-51 01-05 248 321 240 109 53 4 20 4 192 0 1000 439372 20884



A-179





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 472 241 171 74 32 2 6 1 115 0 1000 188489 11635

10-93 357 281 197 81 43 15 18 8 165 0 1000 43858 2684 01-93 451 249 176 76 34 5 8 2 125 0 1000 232348 14319 31 01-05 436 342 116 13 33 0 51 11 107 0 1000 1083 52

10-99 111 140 150 156 123 107 145 68 599 0 1000 13686 993 01-99 135 155 147 145 116 99 138 64 563 0 1000 14769 1045 41 x 694 125 167 3 10 0 1 0 14 0 1000 620 49 51 01-05 595 252 118 28 6 1 0 0 35 0 1000 112187 3687

10-99 573 239 129 39 9 8 3 0 58 0 1000 14964 669 01-99 593 251 119 29 6 2 0 0 37 0 1000 127151 4356

41, 51 01-99 593 250 119 29 6 2 0 0 37 0 1000 127770 4405 11-51 01-05 518 246 151 57 22 2 4 1 85 0 1000 301768 15377



A-180





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 305 265 227 116 59 5 20 4 203 0 1000 451302 26994

10-93 206 282 242 135 74 14 39 8 270 0 1000 147060 10011 01-93 281 269 230 120 63 7 25 5 220 0 1000 598362 37005 31 01-05 447 324 126 48 17 6 27 3 102 0 1000 7054 351

10-99 86 206 234 170 104 67 98 35 474 0 1000 69498 4448 01-99 119 217 224 159 96 62 91 32 439 0 1000 76552 4799 41 x 392 170 308 63 57 0 3 8 130 0 1000 1819 174 51 01-05 440 330 169 45 12 1 3 0 62 0 1000 282695 8905

10-99 298 348 241 78 22 9 4 0 113 0 1000 108023 5352 01-99 401 335 189 54 15 3 3 0 76 0 1000 390719 14257

41, 51 01-99 400 334 189 54 15 3 3 0 76 0 1000 392538 14431 11-51 01-05 358 290 204 88 41 3 14 3 148 0 1000 741140 36261



A-181





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 146 258 250 188 84 12 55 7 346 0 1000 7662 946

10-93 105 215 249 181 112 27 92 19 431 0 1000 87884 6876 01-93 108 218 249 181 110 26 89 18 424 0 1000 95546 7822 31 01-05 260 314 232 136 7 0 51 0 194 0 1000 606 47

10-99 61 222 254 150 95 52 125 42 463 1 1000 96748 6027 01-99 62 222 254 150 94 52 124 42 461 1 1000 97354 6074 41 x 109 549 244 32 0 0 66 0 98 0 1000 135 58 51 01-05 347 327 227 75 14 6 0 4 99 0 1000 3288 324

10-99 196 369 296 88 28 16 8 0 139 0 1000 44661 3467 01-99 206 366 291 87 27 15 7 1 137 0 1000 47949 3791

41, 51 01-99 206 366 291 87 27 15 7 1 137 0 1000 48084 3849 11-51 01-05 209 280 243 153 60 10 39 6 268 0 1000 11560 1320



A-182





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 400 250 187 108 36 2 8 7 161 1 1000 5732 646

10-93 222 246 212 96 83 37 86 18 320 0 1000 23968 1946 01-93 257 247 207 98 74 30 71 16 289 0 1000 29701 2592 31 01-05 704 131 165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 70 9

10-99 111 160 116 106 96 70 255 86 612 1 1000 22788 1730 01-99 113 159 116 105 95 70 254 85 610 1 1000 22858 1739 41 x 47 856 97 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 10 11 51 01-05 507 322 133 14 16 8 0 0 39 0 1000 3441 265

10-99 401 318 211 20 29 10 10 0 70 0 1000 5888 587 01-99 440 320 182 18 24 10 7 0 58 0 1000 9329 852

41, 51 01-99 440 320 182 18 24 10 7 0 58 0 1000 9339 863 11-51 01-05 442 276 167 72 28 4 5 5 114 1 1000 9243 920



A-183





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 255 255 223 153 64 8 35 7 267 1 1000 13395 1592

10-93 130 221 241 163 106 29 91 19 407 0 1000 111852 8822 01-93 143 225 239 162 102 27 85 18 392 0 1000 125247 10414 31 01-05 306 295 225 122 6 0 46 0 174 0 1000 676 56

10-99 70 210 228 141 95 55 150 50 492 1 1000 119536 7757 01-99 72 210 227 141 94 55 149 50 490 1 1000 120212 7813 41 x 104 571 234 30 0 0 61 0 91 0 1000 145 69 51 01-05 428 324 179 44 15 7 0 2 68 0 1000 6729 589

10-99 220 363 286 80 28 15 8 0 131 0 1000 50549 4054 01-99 244 358 273 76 26 14 7 1 124 0 1000 57278 4643

41, 51 01-99 244 359 273 76 26 14 7 1 124 0 1000 57423 4712 11-51 01-05 313 278 209 117 46 7 24 5 200 0 1000 20803 2240



A-184





11,12,21 01-05 184 281 267 146 79 6 31 7 269 0 1000 270475 16305 10-93 125 251 255 168 99 19 68 13 368 0 1000 191085 14203

01-93 159 269 262 155 87 12 46 9 310 0 1000 461560 30508 31 01-05 432 321 138 62 14 7 26 1 109 0 1000 6577 346

10-99 68 222 254 158 96 54 111 37 456 0 1000 152560 9482 01-99 83 226 249 154 93 52 107 35 441 0 1000 159138 9828 41 x 222 230 368 88 72 0 10 10 180 0 1000 1334 183 51 01-05 337 380 203 57 16 1 5 1 80 0 1000 173796 5542

10-99 235 366 271 85 25 11 6 0 128 0 1000 137721 8150 01-99 292 374 233 70 20 6 5 0 101 0 1000 311516 13692

41, 51 01-99 292 373 234 70 20 6 5 0 101 0 1000 312851 13875 11-51 01-05 247 320 240 111 54 4 21 4 194 0 1000 450932 22204



A-185





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 470 242 171 75 32 2 6 1 117 0 1000 194222 12281

10-93 310 269 202 86 57 23 42 12 219 0 1000 67827 4630 01-93 429 249 179 78 38 8 15 4 143 0 1000 262048 16911 31 01-05 452 329 119 12 31 0 47 10 101 0 1000 1153 61

10-99 111 152 129 125 106 84 214 79 607 0 1000 36474 2723 01-99 122 158 129 121 104 81 209 77 592 0 1000 37627 2784 41 x 684 136 166 3 10 0 1 0 14 0 1000 630 60 51 01-05 593 254 118 27 6 2 0 0 35 0 1000 115628 3952

10-99 525 262 152 34 14 8 5 0 62 0 1000 20852 1256 01-99 582 255 123 28 7 3 1 0 39 0 1000 136480 5208

41, 51 01-99 583 255 124 28 7 3 1 0 39 0 1000 137110 5268 11-51 01-05 516 247 151 57 22 2 4 1 86 0 1000 311011 16297



A-186





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 303 264 227 117 59 5 20 4 205 0 1000 464697 28586

10-93 173 256 241 147 88 20 61 13 329 0 1000 258912 18833 01-93 257 261 232 127 69 10 35 7 250 0 1000 723609 47419 31 01-05 435 322 135 54 16 6 29 2 108 0 1000 7730 407

10-99 76 209 230 152 98 60 131 45 485 0 1000 189034 12205 01-99 90 213 226 148 95 58 127 43 470 0 1000 196764 12612 41 x 370 200 303 60 52 0 7 7 127 0 1000 1964 243 51 01-05 439 330 169 45 12 1 3 0 62 0 1000 289424 9494

10-99 273 353 255 78 24 11 6 0 119 0 1000 158572 9406 01-99 381 338 200 57 16 5 4 0 82 0 1000 447996 18900

41, 51 01-99 381 337 200 57 16 5 4 0 82 0 1000 449961 19143 11-51 01-05 356 290 204 89 41 4 14 3 150 0 1000 761943 38501



A-187


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural male age: 15-59 years



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 293 287 207 112 60 5 29 6 212 0 1000 723255 40444

10-93 224 299 216 124 64 15 48 9 261 0 1000 291492 21615 01-93 273 291 210 116 61 8 35 7 226 0 1000 1014746 62059 31 01-05 492 293 101 55 20 5 30 3 114 0 1000 16671 981

10-99 87 184 203 178 115 58 128 47 526 0 1000 159641 13498 01-99 126 194 193 166 106 53 119 43 487 0 1000 176312 14479 41 x 389 291 222 50 43 0 1 5 99 0 1000 2789 309 51 01-05 482 324 138 39 11 1 4 0 55 0 1000 435773 13135

10-99 353 341 207 66 21 7 4 0 98 0 1000 185539 9543 01-99 444 329 159 47 14 3 4 0 68 0 1000 621312 22678

41, 51 01-99 443 329 159 47 14 3 4 0 68 0 1000 624101 22987 11-51 01-05 366 301 180 84 41 4 20 4 152 0 1000 1175892 54595



A-188





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 643 192 102 42 14 2 3 0 63 0 1000 565268 34230

10-93 495 256 141 56 24 11 13 4 109 0 1000 104326 6717 01-93 620 202 108 45 16 3 5 1 70 0 1000 669594 40947 31 01-05 525 353 66 14 25 0 12 5 55 0 1000 4638 237

10-99 219 151 123 155 110 80 112 51 507 0 1000 36726 2901 01-99 254 173 117 139 100 71 101 46 456 0 1000 41364 3138 41 x 719 190 85 1 4 0 1 0 6 0 1000 1703 113 51 01-05 759 169 55 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 315150 10264

10-99 678 202 85 23 4 5 1 0 34 0 1000 35661 1672 01-99 751 172 58 14 3 1 0 0 19 0 1000 350811 11936

41, 51 01-99 751 173 58 14 3 1 0 0 19 0 1000 352514 12049 11-51 01-05 684 185 85 32 10 1 2 0 46 0 1000 885118 44739



A-189





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 447 245 161 82 40 4 18 3 146 0 1000 1288522 74674

10-93 295 288 196 106 53 14 39 8 221 0 1000 395818 28332 01-93 411 255 169 87 43 6 23 5 164 0 1000 1684340 103006 31 01-05 499 306 93 46 21 4 26 4 101 0 1000 21309 1218

10-99 112 178 188 174 114 62 125 48 522 0 1000 196367 16399 01-99 150 190 179 161 105 56 116 43 481 0 1000 217677 17617 41 x 514 253 170 31 28 0 1 3 64 0 1000 4492 422 51 01-05 598 259 103 28 8 1 2 0 39 0 1000 750923 23399

10-99 406 319 187 59 18 6 4 0 88 0 1000 221200 11215 01-99 554 273 122 35 10 2 3 0 50 0 1000 972123 34614

41, 51 01-99 554 272 123 35 10 2 3 0 50 0 1000 976615 35036 11-51 01-05 503 251 139 62 28 3 12 2 107 0 1000 2061010 99334



A-190





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 200 235 198 157 107 12 80 10 367 0 1000 24727 2883

10-93 124 223 195 169 105 26 127 31 458 0 1000 266434 21234 01-93 130 224 195 168 105 25 123 29 451 0 1000 291161 24117 31 01-05 238 350 133 136 74 0 57 11 279 0 1000 2161 202

10-99 62 175 186 157 107 60 183 68 576 0 1000 278356 20098 01-99 64 176 186 157 107 60 182 68 574 0 1000 280517 20300 41 x 232 416 245 47 33 0 27 0 106 0 1000 697 181 51 01-05 463 321 153 49 9 2 0 1 62 1 1000 9923 964

10-99 263 362 243 86 27 11 8 0 133 0 1000 88163 7156 01-99 283 357 234 82 26 10 7 0 126 0 1000 98086 8120

41, 51 01-99 283 358 234 82 26 10 8 0 126 0 1000 98783 8301 11-51 01-05 274 265 182 127 79 9 57 8 280 0 1000 36824 4057



A-191





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 552 232 131 53 17 2 7 4 84 0 1000 20297 2235

10-93 326 232 173 91 58 26 71 25 269 0 1000 64890 5517 01-93 380 232 163 82 48 20 56 20 225 0 1000 85187 7752 31 01-05 653 204 79 34 18 0 13 0 65 0 1000 650 53

10-99 198 156 84 96 79 68 219 100 563 0 1000 66824 5426 01-99 202 156 84 96 79 67 217 99 558 0 1000 67475 5479 41 x 420 344 215 6 0 0 15 0 21 0 1000 142 30 51 01-05 696 227 62 8 5 3 0 0 15 0 1000 11397 917

10-99 580 252 114 24 18 6 4 2 54 0 1000 19081 1724 01-99 623 242 95 18 13 5 3 1 40 0 1000 30479 2641

41, 51 01-99 622 243 95 18 13 5 3 1 40 0 1000 30621 2671 11-51 01-05 605 229 106 37 13 2 5 3 60 0 1000 32344 3205



A-192





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 359 233 168 110 67 8 47 7 240 0 1000 45024 5118

10-93 163 225 190 154 96 26 116 30 421 0 1000 331324 26751 01-93 187 226 188 149 92 24 108 27 400 0 1000 376348 31869 31 01-05 334 316 121 113 61 0 47 8 229 0 1000 2811 255

10-99 89 171 166 145 102 62 190 75 574 0 1000 345181 25524 01-99 91 172 166 145 102 61 189 74 571 0 1000 347992 25779 41 x 264 404 240 40 27 0 25 0 92 0 1000 839 211 51 01-05 588 271 104 27 7 2 0 1 37 0 1000 21321 1881

10-99 319 342 220 75 26 10 8 1 119 0 1000 107244 8880 01-99 364 330 201 67 23 9 6 1 105 0 1000 128565 10761

41, 51 01-99 363 331 201 67 23 9 6 1 105 0 1000 129404 10972 11-51 01-05 428 248 146 85 48 6 33 5 177 0 1000 69168 7262



A-193





11,12,21 01-05 290 285 207 114 61 5 31 6 217 0 1000 747982 43327 10-93 176 263 206 146 84 21 86 20 355 0 1000 557925 42849

01-93 242 276 206 127 71 12 54 12 276 0 1000 1305907 86176 31 01-05 463 299 105 64 26 5 33 4 133 0 1000 18832 1183

10-99 71 178 192 165 110 59 163 61 558 0 1000 437998 33596 01-99 88 183 189 160 107 57 158 58 540 0 1000 456830 34779 41 x 357 316 226 49 41 0 6 4 100 0 1000 3486 490 51 01-05 482 324 139 39 11 1 4 0 55 0 1000 445696 14099

10-99 324 348 218 72 23 8 6 0 109 0 1000 273702 16699 01-99 422 333 169 52 16 4 4 0 76 0 1000 719398 30798

41, 51 01-99 421 333 169 52 16 4 4 0 76 0 1000 722884 31288 11-51 01-05 363 300 180 86 42 4 21 4 156 0 1000 1212715 58652



A-194





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 640 193 103 43 15 2 3 1 63 0 1000 585565 36465

10-93 430 247 153 69 37 17 35 12 170 0 1000 169216 12234 01-93 593 205 114 49 20 5 11 3 87 0 1000 754781 48699 31 01-05 540 335 68 16 24 0 12 5 57 0 1000 5289 290

10-99 205 154 98 117 90 72 181 83 543 0 1000 103550 8327 01-99 222 163 96 112 87 69 173 79 519 0 1000 108839 8617 41 x 696 202 95 1 4 0 2 0 7 0 1000 1845 143 51 01-05 757 171 55 13 3 1 0 0 17 0 1000 326547 11181

10-99 644 220 95 24 9 6 2 1 41 0 1000 54742 3396 01-99 741 178 61 15 4 1 0 0 20 0 1000 381290 14577

41, 51 01-99 740 178 61 14 4 1 0 0 20 0 1000 383135 14720 11-51 01-05 681 186 86 32 11 1 2 0 47 0 1000 917463 47944



A-195





(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 444 245 161 83 41 4 19 4 149 0 1000 1333547 79792

10-93 235 259 193 128 73 20 74 18 312 0 1000 727141 55083 01-93 370 250 173 99 52 9 38 9 207 0 1000 2060688 134875 31 01-05 480 307 97 53 26 4 29 4 116 0 1000 24121 1473

10-99 97 174 174 155 106 62 167 65 555 0 1000 541548 41923 01-99 113 179 171 151 103 59 161 62 536 0 1000 565669 43396 41 x 475 276 181 33 28 0 5 3 68 0 1000 5331 633 51 01-05 598 259 103 28 8 1 2 0 39 0 1000 772244 25280

10-99 377 327 198 64 21 8 5 0 98 0 1000 328445 20095 01-99 532 279 132 39 12 3 3 0 57 0 1000 1100688 45375

41, 51 01-99 532 279 132 39 12 3 3 0 57 0 1000 1106019 46008 11-51 01-05 500 251 139 62 29 3 13 2 109 0 1000 2130178 106596



A-196


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural male age: 15 years and above



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 326 287 191 105 54 5 27 6 196 0 1000 837713 47313

10-93 241 302 207 119 61 15 46 9 249 0 1000 313119 23211 01-93 303 291 195 109 56 8 32 7 210 0 1000 1150833 70524 31 01-05 497 298 97 52 19 5 29 3 108 0 1000 17552 1015

10-99 90 187 201 177 114 57 127 47 522 0 1000 162028 13662 01-99 130 198 191 165 105 52 118 43 482 0 1000 179579 14677 41 x 409 287 202 58 38 0 1 5 102 0 1000 3086 331 51 01-05 497 318 133 37 11 1 3 0 53 0 1000 460493 13896

10-99 361 339 203 65 20 6 4 0 96 0 1000 189550 9791 01-99 457 324 153 45 13 3 4 0 65 0 1000 650044 23687

41, 51 01-99 457 324 153 45 14 3 4 0 66 0 1000 653130 24018 11-51 01-05 388 298 169 80 38 4 19 4 144 0 1000 1315968 62264



A-197


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural female age: 15 years and above



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 661 184 95 40 14 2 3 0 59 0 1000 607868 36764

10-93 514 250 133 53 23 11 13 4 103 0 1000 110767 7126 01-93 639 194 101 42 15 3 5 1 65 0 1000 718635 43890 31 01-05 526 353 66 14 24 0 12 5 55 0 1000 4649 239

10-99 236 151 120 151 106 78 109 49 493 0 1000 37865 2967 01-99 268 173 114 136 97 69 98 44 445 0 1000 42514 3206 41 x 750 170 75 1 4 0 0 0 5 0 1000 1908 121 51 01-05 768 163 52 13 3 1 0 0 16 0 1000 330570 10751

10-99 687 199 82 22 4 5 1 0 33 0 1000 37036 1742 01-99 760 166 55 14 3 1 0 0 18 0 1000 367606 12493

41, 51 01-99 760 166 55 13 3 1 0 0 18 0 1000 369514 12614 11-51 01-05 698 178 80 30 10 1 2 0 44 0 1000 943149 47762



A-198


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural person age: 15 years and above



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 467 244 151 77 37 4 17 3 138 0 1000 1445581 84077

10-93 312 289 188 102 51 14 37 8 211 0 1000 423886 30337 01-93 432 254 159 83 40 6 21 4 155 0 1000 1869468 114414 31 01-05 503 309 91 44 20 4 25 4 97 0 1000 22201 1254

10-99 118 180 185 172 113 61 124 47 516 0 1000 199892 16629 01-99 156 193 176 159 103 55 114 43 475 0 1000 222093 17883 41 x 539 242 154 36 25 0 1 3 65 0 1000 4995 452 51 01-05 610 253 99 27 7 1 2 0 37 0 1000 791063 24647

10-99 414 316 184 58 18 6 4 0 86 0 1000 226586 11533 01-99 567 267 118 34 10 2 2 0 48 0 1000 1017649 36180

41, 51 01-99 566 267 118 34 10 2 2 0 48 0 1000 1022644 36632 11-51 01-05 517 248 132 59 26 3 12 2 102 0 1000 2259117 110026



A-199


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban male age: 15 years and above



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 233 231 187 148 102 16 72 11 349 0 1000 30063 3502

10-93 129 228 190 168 102 26 124 33 453 0 1000 284070 22718 01-93 139 228 190 166 102 25 119 31 443 0 1000 314133 26220 31 01-05 259 344 127 130 75 0 54 10 269 0 1000 2267 213

10-99 64 179 185 156 107 59 182 68 572 0 1000 282871 20465 01-99 66 180 185 156 106 59 180 68 569 0 1000 285139 20678 41 x 232 416 245 48 33 0 27 0 107 0 1000 697 182 51 01-05 476 320 144 48 9 2 0 1 60 1 1000 10574 1036

10-99 272 358 239 85 27 11 8 0 131 0 1000 90214 7345 01-99 293 354 229 81 25 10 7 0 123 0 1000 100787 8381

41, 51 01-99 293 355 229 81 25 10 7 0 123 0 1000 101485 8563 11-51 01-05 294 259 173 123 77 11 54 9 274 0 1000 42916 4759



A-200


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban female age: 15 years and above



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 563 227 128 50 17 4 7 4 81 0 1000 22030 2432

10-93 345 231 165 87 55 25 68 26 260 0 1000 68738 5878 01-93 398 230 156 78 46 20 53 20 216 0 1000 90768 8310 31 01-05 662 198 76 33 17 0 13 0 63 0 1000 669 54

10-99 212 154 84 94 77 66 214 98 550 0 1000 68532 5567 01-99 216 155 84 93 77 66 212 97 545 0 1000 69201 5621 41 x 420 344 215 6 0 0 15 0 21 0 1000 142 30 51 01-05 716 212 58 7 5 2 0 0 14 0 1000 12243 975

10-99 593 245 110 23 18 6 4 2 53 0 1000 19886 1795 01-99 640 232 90 17 13 4 2 1 38 0 1000 32128 2770

41, 51 01-99 639 233 90 17 13 4 3 1 38 0 1000 32271 2800 11-51 01-05 619 221 102 35 12 3 5 2 58 0 1000 34941 3461



A-201


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban person age: 15 years and above



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 373 229 162 107 66 11 45 8 236 0 1000 52093 5934

10-93 171 228 186 152 93 26 113 31 415 0 1000 352808 28596 01-93 197 228 182 147 89 24 104 28 392 0 1000 404901 34530 31 01-05 351 311 116 108 62 0 45 8 222 0 1000 2936 267

10-99 93 174 166 144 101 61 188 74 567 0 1000 351403 26032 01-99 95 175 165 143 101 60 187 73 564 0 1000 354339 26299 41 x 264 404 240 41 27 0 24 0 92 0 1000 839 212 51 01-05 605 262 98 26 7 2 0 1 35 0 1000 22816 2011

10-99 330 338 216 74 25 10 7 1 117 0 1000 110099 9140 01-99 377 325 195 65 22 8 6 1 103 0 1000 132916 11151

41, 51 01-99 376 325 196 65 22 8 6 1 103 0 1000 133755 11363 11-51 01-05 440 242 141 83 48 8 32 6 177 0 1000 77857 8220



A-202


all-India rural + urban male age: 15 years and above usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 322 285 191 106 55 5 28 6 201 0 1000 867777 50815 10-93 188 267 199 143 80 20 83 20 346 0 1000 597189 45929

01-93 267 278 194 121 66 11 51 12 260 0 1000 1464966 96744 31 01-05 470 303 101 61 25 5 32 4 126 0 1000 19819 1228

10-99 74 182 191 164 109 59 162 60 554 0 1000 444899 34127 01-99 90 187 187 159 106 56 156 58 535 0 1000 464718 35355 41 x 376 311 210 56 37 0 6 4 103 0 1000 3783 513 51 01-05 496 318 133 37 10 1 3 0 53 0 1000 471067 14932

10-99 333 345 215 71 23 8 6 0 107 0 1000 279764 17136 01-99 435 328 163 50 15 4 4 0 73 0 1000 750831 32068

41, 51 01-99 435 328 164 50 15 4 4 0 73 0 1000 754615 32581 11-51 01-05 385 297 169 82 39 4 20 4 149 0 1000 1358885 67023



A-203


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural + urban female age: 15 years and above



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 658 186 97 40 14 2 3 1 60 0 1000 629897 39196

10-93 449 243 145 66 35 16 34 12 163 0 1000 179506 13004 01-93 612 198 107 46 18 5 10 3 82 0 1000 809403 52200 31 01-05 543 333 67 16 24 0 12 5 56 0 1000 5318 293

10-99 220 153 97 114 88 70 177 81 529 0 1000 106397 8534 01-99 236 162 96 109 85 67 169 77 507 0 1000 111715 8827 41 x 727 182 85 1 4 0 1 0 6 0 1000 2051 151 51 01-05 767 165 53 12 3 1 0 0 16 0 1000 342812 11726

10-99 654 215 92 23 9 5 2 1 40 0 1000 56922 3537 01-99 750 172 58 14 4 1 0 0 20 0 1000 399734 15263

41, 51 01-99 750 172 58 14 4 1 0 0 20 0 1000 401785 15414 11-51 01-05 695 179 81 30 10 1 2 0 44 0 1000 978090 51223



A-204


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural + urban person age: 15 years and above



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 464 243 151 78 38 4 18 4 142 0 1000 1497674 90011

10-93 248 261 187 125 70 19 72 18 304 0 1000 776695 58933 01-93 390 250 163 94 49 9 36 9 197 0 1000 2274369 148944 31 01-05 485 309 94 51 25 4 27 4 112 0 1000 25137 1521

10-99 102 176 173 154 105 61 165 64 549 0 1000 551296 42661 01-99 119 182 169 150 102 58 159 62 530 0 1000 576433 44182 41 x 500 265 166 37 26 0 4 2 69 0 1000 5834 664 51 01-05 610 253 99 27 7 1 2 0 37 0 1000 813879 26658

10-99 387 323 194 63 20 7 5 0 96 0 1000 336686 20673 01-99 545 274 127 37 11 3 3 0 55 0 1000 1150565 47331

41, 51 01-99 544 274 127 37 11 3 3 0 55 0 1000 1156399 47995 11-51 01-05 515 248 132 60 27 3 12 2 105 0 1000 2336975 118246



A-205


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural male age: all



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 327 292 189 103 53 5 26 6 192 0 1000 855250 48101

10-93 243 305 206 118 60 15 45 9 246 0 1000 317203 23442 01-93 304 295 194 107 55 7 31 6 206 0 1000 1172453 71543 31 01-05 499 300 95 51 19 5 28 3 106 0 1000 17963 1046

10-99 91 190 200 176 113 56 126 46 518 0 1000 163178 13723 01-99 131 201 190 164 104 51 117 42 477 0 1000 181140 14769 41 x 409 287 202 58 38 0 1 5 102 0 1000 3087 332 51 01-05 495 320 132 37 10 1 3 0 52 0 1000 467632 14119

10-99 361 342 202 64 20 6 4 0 95 0 1000 192346 9915 01-99 456 326 153 44 13 3 4 0 64 0 1000 659978 24034

41, 51 01-99 456 326 153 45 13 3 4 0 65 0 1000 663065 24366 11-51 01-05 388 301 168 79 37 4 18 4 142 0 1000 1341054 63306



A-206


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural female age: all



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 657 190 95 39 13 2 3 0 57 0 1000 624321 37550

10-93 510 259 133 51 22 10 12 4 99 0 1000 115258 7356 01-93 634 201 101 41 15 3 4 1 64 0 1000 739578 44906 31 01-05 533 348 65 13 24 0 12 5 54 0 1000 4748 245

10-99 240 152 122 149 105 77 107 49 486 0 1000 38361 2987 01-99 272 174 115 134 96 68 97 44 439 0 1000 43109 3232 41 x 728 194 73 1 4 0 0 0 5 0 1000 1965 123 51 01-05 762 168 53 12 3 1 0 0 16 0 1000 338827 11024

10-99 685 202 82 22 4 5 1 0 32 0 1000 38030 1791 01-99 755 172 56 13 3 1 0 0 18 0 1000 376857 12815

41, 51 01-99 754 172 56 13 3 1 0 0 18 0 1000 378823 12938 11-51 01-05 693 183 80 29 10 1 2 0 43 0 1000 967985 48828



A-207


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural person age: all

usual activity general education persons (ps+ss ) not litera te middle secondary higher diploma/ graduate post secondary n.r. total estd. sample


(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 466 249 150 76 36 4 16 3 135 0 1000 1479571 85651

10-93 314 293 186 100 50 13 36 8 207 0 1000 432461 30798 01-93 432 259 158 81 39 6 21 4 151 0 1000 1912031 116449 31 01-05 506 310 89 43 20 4 25 4 95 0 1000 22710 1291

10-99 119 183 185 171 112 60 123 47 512 0 1000 201539 16710 01-99 158 196 176 158 102 55 113 42 470 0 1000 224249 18001 41 x 533 251 152 36 25 0 1 3 64 0 1000 5053 455 51 01-05 608 256 99 26 7 1 2 0 37 0 1000 806459 25143

10-99 415 319 182 57 17 6 4 0 85 0 1000 230376 11706 01-99 565 270 118 33 9 2 2 0 47 0 1000 1036835 36849

41, 51 01-99 565 270 118 33 10 2 2 0 47 0 1000 1041888 37304 11-51 01-05 516 252 131 58 26 3 11 2 100 0 1000 2309039 112134



A-208


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban male age: all



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 237 232 185 146 100 16 71 11 346 0 1000 30457 3544

10-93 130 230 190 167 101 26 123 32 450 0 1000 286374 22912 01-93 141 230 189 165 101 25 118 30 440 0 1000 316831 26456 31 01-05 258 350 126 129 74 0 54 10 267 0 1000 2290 216

10-99 66 182 185 155 106 59 180 68 567 0 1000 285166 20605 01-99 67 183 184 154 105 59 179 67 565 0 1000 287456 20821 41 x 232 416 245 48 33 0 27 0 107 0 1000 697 182 51 01-05 476 322 142 47 9 2 0 1 59 1 1000 10732 1052

10-99 274 361 236 83 26 11 8 0 129 0 1000 91754 7506 01-99 295 357 226 80 25 10 7 0 121 0 1000 102486 8558

41, 51 01-99 295 358 226 79 25 10 7 0 121 0 1000 103184 8740 11-51 01-05 297 261 171 121 76 12 53 9 271 0 1000 43491 4820



A-209


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban female age: all



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 562 230 127 49 16 4 7 4 80 0 1000 22385 2463

10-93 342 247 161 83 53 24 65 25 250 0 1000 71487 6057 01-93 394 243 153 75 44 19 51 20 209 0 1000 93872 8520 31 01-05 662 198 76 33 17 0 13 0 63 0 1000 669 54

10-99 212 161 84 93 76 65 212 97 543 0 1000 69379 5652 01-99 216 162 84 92 76 65 210 96 538 0 1000 70047 5706 41 x 420 344 215 6 0 0 15 0 21 0 1000 142 30 51 01-05 713 212 61 7 4 2 0 0 14 0 1000 12598 991

10-99 593 246 110 23 18 6 4 2 52 0 1000 20171 1831 01-99 639 233 91 17 13 4 2 1 37 0 1000 32769 2822

41, 51 01-99 638 233 91 17 13 4 2 1 37 0 1000 32911 2852 11-51 01-05 617 223 103 34 12 3 5 2 56 0 1000 35652 3508



A-210


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India urban person age: all



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 375 231 161 105 65 11 44 8 233 0 1000 52842 6007

10-93 173 234 184 150 91 25 112 31 410 0 1000 357860 28969 01-93 199 233 181 144 88 24 103 28 387 0 1000 410703 34976 31 01-05 349 315 115 107 61 0 45 8 221 0 1000 2959 270

10-99 94 178 165 143 100 60 186 73 562 0 1000 354544 26257 01-99 97 179 164 142 100 60 185 73 559 0 1000 357503 26527 41 x 264 404 240 41 27 0 24 0 92 0 1000 839 212 51 01-05 604 263 98 25 6 2 0 1 35 0 1000 23330 2043

10-99 331 340 213 72 25 10 7 1 115 0 1000 111925 9337 01-99 378 327 194 64 22 8 6 1 101 0 1000 135255 11380

41, 51 01-99 378 327 194 64 22 8 6 1 101 0 1000 136095 11592 11-51 01-05 441 244 141 82 47 8 31 6 174 0 1000 79143 8328



A-211

Table (24): Per 1000 dis tribution of persons by general educational level for each usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status

all-India rural + urban male age: all usual activity general education persons



11,12,21 01-05 324 289 189 104 54 5 28 6 197 0 1000 885707 51645 10-93 190 269 198 141 79 20 82 20 343 0 1000 603577 46354

01-93 269 281 193 119 64 11 50 12 256 0 1000 1489284 97999 31 01-05 472 305 99 59 25 5 31 4 124 0 1000 20253 1262

10-99 75 185 190 162 108 58 160 60 549 0 1000 448343 34328 01-99 92 190 186 158 105 56 155 57 531 0 1000 468596 35590 41 x 377 311 210 56 37 0 6 4 103 0 1000 3785 514 51 01-05 495 320 133 37 10 1 3 0 52 0 1000 478364 15171

10-99 333 348 213 70 22 8 5 0 106 0 1000 284100 17421 01-99 435 330 163 49 15 4 4 0 72 0 1000 762464 32592

41, 51 01-99 434 330 163 49 15 4 4 0 72 0 1000 766249 33106 11-51 01-05 385 300 168 80 39 4 19 4 146 0 1000 1384546 68126



A-212


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural + urban female age: all



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 654 192 96 39 13 2 3 1 58 0 1000 646706 40013

10-93 445 255 144 63 34 15 32 12 156 0 1000 186744 13413 01-93 607 206 107 44 18 5 10 3 80 0 1000 833450 53426 31 01-05 549 330 66 16 23 0 12 5 55 0 1000 5416 299

10-99 222 158 97 113 87 69 175 80 523 0 1000 107739 8639 01-99 237 166 96 108 84 66 167 76 500 0 1000 113156 8938 41 x 707 204 83 1 3 0 1 0 6 0 1000 2108 153 51 01-05 761 170 53 12 3 1 0 0 16 0 1000 351425 12015

10-99 653 217 91 22 9 5 2 1 39 0 1000 58201 3622 01-99 745 176 59 14 4 1 0 0 19 0 1000 409626 15637

41, 51 01-99 745 177 59 14 4 1 0 0 19 0 1000 411734 15790 11-51 01-05 691 185 81 30 10 1 2 0 43 0 1000 1003637 52336



A-213


persons categorised 'not working' in the principal status all-India rural + urban person age: all



(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 11,12,21 01-05 463 248 150 77 37 4 17 4 138 0 1000 1532413 91658

10-93 250 266 185 123 69 19 71 18 299 0 1000 790321 59767 01-93 391 254 162 92 48 9 35 9 193 0 1000 2322734 151425 31 01-05 488 311 92 50 24 4 27 4 109 0 1000 25669 1561

10-99 103 180 172 153 104 60 163 64 544 0 1000 556083 42967 01-99 120 186 169 148 101 58 157 61 525 0 1000 581752 44528 41 x 495 273 164 36 25 0 4 2 68 0 1000 5892 667 51 01-05 608 256 99 26 7 1 2 0 37 0 1000 829789 27186

10-99 387 326 192 62 20 7 5 0 94 0 1000 342301 21043 01-99 543 277 126 37 11 3 3 0 54 0 1000 1172090 48229

41, 51 01-99 543 277 126 37 11 3 3 0 54 0 1000 1177982 48896 11-51 01-05 514 252 132 59 27 3 12 2 103 0 1000 2388182 120462



A-214

Table (25): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not working' in the principal status for each household monthly per capita consumer expenditure class

all-India rural male usual activity (ps+ss) household monthly per-capita consumer expenditure class (Rs.) persons

status industry 0 – 235

235 – 270

270 – 320

320 – 365

365 – 410

410 – 455

455 – 510

510 – 580

580 – 690

690 – 890

890 – 1155

1155 & above

all classes

estimated (00)

sample

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 11,12 & 21 01-05 128 151 163 180 204 219 240 259 283 301 300 249 232 855250 48101

10-45 18 24 25 27 28 31 30 31 33 34 31 29 30 108950 7627 50-93 20 23 40 43 44 49 54 65 69 76 86 91 56 208253 15815

01-93 165 198 228 251 276 298 324 355 385 411 417 368 318 1172453 71543 31 01-05 4 5 4 5 4 5 6 6 4 4 6 6 5 17963 1046

10-45 2 4 3 5 7 7 10 12 16 20 30 61 13 47900 2720 50-99 6 10 11 12 15 19 24 28 36 54 78 129 31 115278 11003

01-99 13 19 19 22 26 31 39 46 55 78 114 196 49 181140 14769 41 x 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 3087 332 51 01-05 202 204 189 166 156 135 133 116 96 71 47 20 127 467632 14119

10-45 37 39 45 49 45 53 43 43 37 39 35 25 42 156016 7819 50-99 6 5 6 12 11 11 13 9 10 9 9 9 10 36330 2096

01-99 246 248 240 227 212 199 189 168 142 120 91 54 179 659978 24034 41 & 51 01-99 247 248 241 228 213 200 190 169 143 121 91 54 180 663065 24366 11 - 51 01-05 334 359 357 352 363 359 379 381 382 377 353 275 363 1341054 63306

10-45 57 67 74 81 81 92 83 88 87 94 96 114 85 315375 18414 50-99 33 38 57 68 71 78 91 102 114 139 173 228 98 360229 28958

01-99 424 465 489 501 515 530 553 571 583 609 622 618 546 2016659 110678 81 x 7 6 7 6 8 9 8 10 11 10 11 16 9 32716 2382 11-81 x 431 471 495 507 522 539 561 581 594 619 634 634 555 2049375 113060 91 x 257 242 257 261 270 267 268 265 270 252 258 259 262 969078 55975 92 x 4 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 3 2 6584 435 93 x 4 3 2 4 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 6711 428 94 x 4 3 4 4 4 4 6 6 8 11 12 25 7 25450 1698 95 x 14 11 12 12 9 11 10 9 10 11 10 9 10 38277 1794 97 x 118 99 76 70 60 54 43 39 31 26 20 22 50 185181 8539 99 x 167 171 153 139 132 121 109 97 85 79 64 49 111 411279 21386 91-99 x 569 529 505 493 478 461 439 419 406 381 366 366 445 1642559 90255 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3691933 203315 per 1000 distn. of persons 32 36 86 103 104 100 109 114 118 102 53 42 1000 x x estd. (00) persons 119074 1 3 3 147 316746 379355 3 8 5 6 98 369853 4 0 2 2 28 42040 3 436064 3 7 7 7 85 197008 154572 3691933 x x sample prsons 4573 5212 12350 15816 17054 17806 20641 23543 27937 28233 16277 13873 203315 x x


A-215


all-India rural female usual activity (ps+ss) household monthly per-capita consumer expenditure class (Rs.) persons


235 – 270

270 – 320

320 – 365

365 – 410

410 – 455

455 – 510

510 – 580

580 – 690

690 – 890

890 – 1155

1155 & above

all classes

estimated (00)

sample

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 11,12 & 21 01-05 118 109 121 137 154 173 184 194 206 234 238 201 176 624321 37550

10-45 17 22 20 24 20 21 20 24 24 20 20 17 21 75297 4152 50-93 8 7 6 9 10 11 11 11 13 16 19 20 11 39961 3204

01-93 142 138 147 169 184 205 214 229 243 270 278 238 208 73957 8 44906 31 01-05 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 4748 245

10-45 3 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 4 3 2 3 2 8194 422 50-99 4 1 3 4 4 6 5 6 9 13 22 52 8 30167 2565

01-99 9 6 6 6 7 8 9 10 14 17 24 56 12 43109 3232 41 x 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1965 123 51 01-05 137 142 131 125 115 107 99 88 72 57 38 18 95 338827 11024

10-45 16 7 10 9 10 12 8 8 9 10 5 3 9 32183 1425 50-99 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 5847 366

01-99 155 150 142 136 126 120 109 98 82 68 45 23 106 376857 12815 41 & 51 01-99 155 150 143 137 127 121 110 98 82 69 45 23 107 378823 12938 11 - 51 01-05 256 254 254 263 270 280 285 284 280 293 276 220 273 967985 48828

10-45 36 31 32 35 32 36 31 35 37 33 28 23 33 117450 6104 50-99 13 9 10 15 16 18 17 19 23 30 43 74 21 76075 6144

01-99 306 294 296 312 318 335 333 337 339 355 347 318 327 1161510 61076 81 x 3 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 7 10 13 19 6 21145 1617 11-81 x 308 296 298 314 323 339 339 342 346 366 360 337 333 1182655 62693 91 x 197 213 211 210 224 215 211 210 208 202 211 201 211 747976 44502 92 x 95 101 121 118 126 130 152 163 182 188 205 254 151 537744 31974 93 x 97 116 118 123 121 125 128 128 125 119 120 107 121 430916 22447 94 x 5 4 5 4 4 4 6 6 6 8 9 15 6 20882 1291 95 x 11 10 7 8 8 6 7 7 6 8 7 7 7 25638 1364 97 x 117 93 90 80 70 59 54 49 41 36 30 33 60 213813 10397 99 x 170 167 150 143 124 122 104 95 86 72 58 46 110 391902 20042 91-99 x 692 704 702 686 677 661 661 658 654 634 640 663 667 2368872 132017 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3551527 194710 per 1000 distn. of persons 35 40 90 107 107 100 107 112 114 100 50 39 1000 x x estd. (00) persons 123725 141545 318491 381007 379272 353403 381006 398524 404970 353711 177143 138731 3551527 x x sample prsons 4820 5518 12513 15822 16888 17221 19671 22397 26069 26324 14956 12511 194710 x x


A-216

Table (25): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not

working' in the principal status for each household monthly per capita consumer expenditure class all-India rural person

usual activity (ps+ss) household monthly per-capita consumer expenditure class (Rs.) persons status industry 0 –

235 235 –

270 270 –

320 320 –

365 365 –

410 410 –

455 455 –

510 510 –

580 580 –

690 690 –

890 890 – 1155

1155 & above

all classes

estimated (00)

sample

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 11,12 & 21 01-05 123 129 142 159 179 196 213 228 246 269 271 226 204 1479571 85651

10-45 17 23 22 25 24 27 25 28 29 27 26 23 25 184247 11779 50-93 14 15 23 26 27 30 33 38 42 47 54 57 34 248214 19019

01-93 153 167 187 210 231 253 271 294 317 343 351 307 264 1912031 116449 31 01-05 3 4 3 3 2 3 4 4 3 3 3 4 3 22710 1291

10-45 3 3 3 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 17 33 8 56093 3142 50-99 5 6 7 8 10 12 15 17 23 34 52 92 20 145445 13568

01-99 11 12 13 14 16 20 25 29 35 48 71 130 31 224249 18001 41 x 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 5053 455 51 01-05 169 172 160 145 136 122 117 102 84 64 43 19 111 806459 25143

10-45 26 23 27 29 27 33 26 26 23 25 21 14 26 188198 9244 50-99 4 3 4 7 6 7 7 6 6 5 6 6 6 42178 2462

01-99 199 197 191 181 170 161 150 134 113 95 69 39 143 1036835 36849 41 & 51 01-99 200 198 192 182 170 162 151 135 114 95 70 39 144 1041888 37304 11 - 51 01-05 294 305 305 307 317 321 334 334 333 336 317 249 319 2309039 112134

10-45 47 48 53 58 56 65 58 62 63 64 63 71 60 432825 24518 50-99 23 23 34 41 43 49 55 62 70 86 112 156 60 436304 35102

01-99 364 377 392 406 417 434 446 457 466 487 492 476 439 3178168 171754 81 x 5 4 5 4 6 7 6 8 9 10 12 18 7 53862 3999 11-81 x 369 381 397 410 423 441 453 465 475 497 504 493 446 3232030 175753 91 x 226 227 234 235 247 242 241 238 240 228 236 231 237 1717054 100477 92 x 50 53 62 60 63 64 75 80 88 92 98 122 75 544328 32409 93 x 51 61 60 63 61 62 63 63 61 58 57 51 60 437627 22875 94 x 4 4 5 4 4 4 6 6 7 10 11 21 6 46332 2989 95 x 13 10 9 10 8 9 8 8 8 10 8 8 9 63915 3158 97 x 118 96 83 75 65 56 48 44 36 31 25 27 55 398994 18936 99 x 169 169 151 141 128 122 107 96 86 76 61 48 111 803181 41428 91-99 x 631 619 603 590 577 559 547 535 525 503 496 507 554 4011430 222272 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 7243460 398025 per 1000 distn. of persons 34 38 88 105 106 100 108 113 116 101 52 40 1000 x x estd. (00) persons 242799 2 7 4 6 92 635237 760362 7 6 4 9 69 723255 7 8 3 2 35 81892 7 841034 7 3 1 4 95 374151 293303 7243460 x x sample prsons 9393 10730 24863 31638 33942 35027 40312 45940 54006 54557 31233 26384 398025 x x


A-217

Table (25): Per 1000 distribution of persons by usual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not

working' in the principal status for each household monthly per capita consumer expenditure class all-India urban male


335 335 –

395 395 –

485 485 –

580 580 –

675 675 –

790 790 –

930 930 – 1100

1100 – 1380

1380 – 1880

1880 – 2540

2540 & above

all classes

estimated (00)

sample

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 11,12 & 21 01-05 31 26 28 36 29 27 24 20 21 9 13 16 24 30457 3544

10-45 47 86 60 71 61 58 53 56 43 55 57 54 58 74469 5633 50-93 120 133 155 159 158 169 183 178 178 173 162 156 164 211905 17279

01-93 198 245 243 265 248 254 260 253 242 236 232 227 246 316831 26456 31 01-05 1 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 2 2290 216

10-45 23 27 44 57 68 81 86 96 118 110 99 77 78 100833 5897 50-99 51 71 75 89 111 125 149 169 182 216 228 251 143 184333 14708

01-99 76 101 120 149 180 208 237 266 302 328 328 328 223 287456 20821 41 x 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 697 182 51 01-05 34 22 17 14 11 7 4 2 1 0 0 1 8 10732 1052

10-45 95 101 96 79 79 58 49 42 21 12 3 1 53 68027 5310 50-99 39 33 34 27 21 22 18 11 10 5 1 1 18 23727 2196

01-99 169 157 147 121 112 87 71 55 32 17 4 2 79 102486 8558 41 & 51 01-99 169 157 148 122 113 88 71 56 33 17 4 3 80 103184 8740 11 - 51 01-05 67 51 46 53 41 36 29 23 25 12 13 17 34 43491 4820

10-45 166 214 201 208 209 197 188 194 182 176 159 132 189 243874 16970 50-99 210 238 263 275 290 317 351 358 370 394 392 408 326 420105 34227

01-99 443 502 511 536 541 550 568 575 577 582 564 557 549 707470 56017 81 x 24 18 21 20 25 30 22 21 21 19 24 11 22 27990 2418 11-81 x 467 521 531 556 566 580 590 596 597 602 587 568 570 735459 58435 91 x 259 249 261 261 267 263 263 268 280 272 283 294 268 345793 29424 92 x 4 4 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 3 4 1 3 3383 317 93 x 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 794 86 94 x 7 5 9 11 18 21 25 27 32 47 62 80 27 35155 2634 95 x 16 17 12 11 11 10 10 6 4 5 4 3 9 11399 1004 97 x 101 82 62 44 33 31 28 21 21 19 12 19 35 45654 4042 99 x 145 120 121 114 101 92 81 79 62 53 49 33 87 111955 9370 91-99 x 533 479 469 444 434 420 410 404 403 398 413 432 430 554133 46877 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1289592 105312 per 1000 distn. of persons 42 42 92 111 110 99 102 94 100 101 58 49 1000 x x estd. (00) persons 54334 54339 119087 143110 1 4 1 8 91 128024 1 3 1 6 23 12069 4 128756 1 2 9 7 51 74305 63678 1289592 x x sample prsons 5977 6160 12069 13524 10813 10252 9134 8323 9281 10057 5464 4258 105312 x x


A-218

Table (25): Per 1000 distribution of persons by us ual activity category taking also into consideration the subsidiary economic status of persons categorized 'not

working' in the principal status for each household monthly per capita consumer expenditure class all-India urban female


335 335 –

395 395 –

485 485 –

580 580 –

675 675 –

790 790 –

930 930 – 1100

1100 – 1380

1380 – 1880

1880 – 2540

2540 & above

all classes

estimated (00)

sample

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 11,12 & 21 01-05 26 23 24 28 26 20 22 17 12 6 7 6 19 22385 2463

10-45 41 59 53 45 39 37 30 26 15 16 12 12 33 38750 3061 50-93 24 25 29 30 23 27 26 27 29 27 31 38 28 32736 2996

01-93 91 107 105 103 88 84 78 70 56 49 49 56 79 93872 8520 31 01-05 0 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 669 54

10-45 13 6 8 8 11 9 12 9 11 12 7 7 10 11477 702 50-99 23 27 26 31 40 33 38 49 58 73 100 140 49 57902 4950

01-99 36 34 34 40 53 43 51 58 69 85 107 147 59 70047 5706 41 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 142 30 51 01-05 29 31 22 22 13 9 3 3 1 0 0 0 11 12598 991

10-45 17 19 25 15 15 11 11 6 6 5 1 0 11 13437 1082 50-99 13 12 11 6 8 5 4 5 2 2 1 0 6 6733 749

01-99 59 63 58 42 36 24 18 14 10 7 2 0 28 32769 2822 41 & 51 01-99 60 63 58 42 36 24 19 14 10 7 2 0 28 32911 2852 11 - 51 01-05 56 55 46 51 41 29 26 21 13 6 7 6 30 35652 3508

10-45 71 84 86 67 65 57 53 41 32 34 20 20 54 63758 4865 50-99 60 64 66 67 71 65 69 81 90 101 131 178 82 97421 8705

01-99 187 203 197 185 177 151 148 142 135 141 159 203 166 196830 17078 81 x 9 7 8 7 10 18 12 16 14 16 18 12 12 14544 1605 11-81 x 197 210 205 192 187 169 160 158 149 157 177 215 178 211374 18683 91 x 239 246 241 245 250 257 264 238 266 253 232 231 249 294979 25355 92 x 236 222 279 294 316 331 341 388 372 400 410 399 334 396447 31459 93 x 87 99 87 98 99 104 109 92 99 88 79 68 94 112061 9208 94 x 6 3 4 7 6 8 9 10 17 11 21 22 10 11537 1084 95 x 8 11 10 6 6 6 5 6 4 7 9 6 7 7908 676 97 x 91 82 57 47 46 41 35 30 33 29 28 29 43 51384 4455 99 x 137 128 117 112 89 83 78 77 61 54 44 31 85 100225 8575 91-99 x 803 790 795 808 813 831 840 842 851 843 823 785 822 974542 80812 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1185916 99495 per 1000 distn. of persons 46 49 98 117 111 100 99 89 95 94 54 48 1000 x x estd. (00) persons 54055 57802 116208 138455 1 3 2 0 96 119080 1 1 7 8 15 10563 7 112186 1 1 1 6 08 64130 56844 1185916 x x sample prsons 6277 6311 11889 13324 10374 9557 8307 7544 8288 9102 4828 3694 99495 x x


A-219


all-India urban person usual activity (ps+ss) household monthly per-capita consumer expenditure class (Rs.) persons


335 – 395

395 – 485

485 – 580

580 – 675

675 – 790

790 – 930

930 – 1100

1100 – 1380

1380 – 1880

1880 – 2540

2540 & above

all classes

estimated (00)

sample

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 11,12 & 21 01-05 29 24 26 32 28 24 23 19 17 8 10 11 21 52842 6007

10-45 44 72 56 58 50 47 42 42 30 37 36 35 46 113219 8694 50-93 73 77 92 96 93 101 109 107 109 105 101 100 99 244641 20275

01-93 145 174 175 186 171 172 174 167 155 150 147 146 166 410703 34976 31 01-05 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 2959 270

10-45 18 16 26 33 41 46 51 55 68 65 56 44 45 112309 6599 50-99 37 48 50 60 76 81 97 113 124 150 169 199 98 242235 19658

01-99 56 66 77 95 119 128 149 169 194 216 225 243 144 357503 26527 41 x 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 839 212 51 01-05 32 27 20 18 12 8 4 2 1 0 0 0 9 23330 2043

10-45 56 59 61 48 48 35 31 25 14 9 2 1 33 81465 6392 50-99 26 23 23 17 15 14 12 8 7 4 1 0 12 30460 2945

01-99 114 108 103 82 76 57 46 36 22 13 4 1 55 135255 11380 41 & 51 01-99 115 109 104 83 76 57 46 37 22 13 4 1 55 136095 11592 11 - 51 01-05 61 53 46 52 41 33 28 22 19 9 10 12 32 79143 8328

10-45 119 147 144 139 140 129 124 122 112 110 95 79 124 307631 21835 50-99 136 148 166 173 185 195 218 229 240 259 271 299 209 517526 42932

01-99 316 348 356 364 365 358 370 373 371 378 376 390 365 904300 73095 81 x 17 12 14 13 18 24 17 19 18 18 21 11 17 42533 4023 11-81 x 332 360 370 377 383 382 387 392 389 396 397 402 382 946833 77118 91 x 249 248 251 253 259 260 264 254 273 263 260 265 259 640777 54780 92 x 120 116 139 146 154 161 162 182 175 187 192 189 162 399831 31776 93 x 44 52 44 49 48 51 52 43 46 41 37 32 46 112854 9294 94 x 6 4 7 9 12 15 17 20 25 30 43 53 19 46693 3718 95 x 12 14 11 9 8 8 8 6 4 6 6 4 8 19308 1680 97 x 96 82 59 45 39 36 31 25 26 23 19 24 39 97038 8497 99 x 141 124 119 113 95 88 79 78 61 53 47 32 86 212179 17945 91-99 x 668 640 630 623 617 618 613 608 611 604 603 598 618 1528680 127690 11-99 x 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 2475514 204808 per 1000 distn. of persons 44 45 95 114 111 100 101 91 97 97 56 49 1000 x x estd. (00) persons 1 0 8 3 89 1 1 2 1 47 235295 281565 2 7 3 9 88 247104 2 4 9 4 38 22633 1 240942 2 4 1 3 59 138435 120522 2475514 x x sample prsons 12254 12472 23958 26848 21187 19809 17441 15867 17569 19159 10292 7952 204808 x x

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