en 4 building energy performance benchmarks

N:\Technical_Policy_Statements\TPS related docs\EN4 -Front cover.doc

Building Energy Performance Benchmarks

Ref . EN4

September 2005 Prepared by: The Framework Energy Working Group Endorsed by: Steve Howe (Director of Building Projects)

Support Services

Engineering Teams

Technical Policy Statement

T:\Policy Documents\Technical Policy Statements\EN4 - Building energy performance benchmarks.doc

Building Energy Benchmarking Designers are required to comply with the Building Energy Performance Benchmarks as set out below. Performance ratings will be calculated for all projects, including refurbishments as well as new build. The Design Team will endeavour to make their performance calculations as accurate as possible and revise accordingly when changes are made to the design that will affect energy performance. The benchmarks have been extracted from existing and approved sources, if more detailed information is required visit the following web sites. http://www.thecarbontrust.co.uk http://www.cibse.org The benchmarks have been compiled by the Framework Energy Working Group, the required methodology being as follows.


1. Objectives The aim of this document is to establish a source of guidance for designers involved in the design and construction of new or refurbished buildings at Imperial College. As the environmental effect of energy is becoming a central issue for the building industry, a pragmatic method to address it (and consequently to mitigate climate change and reduce energy bills) consists in setting good practice yet achievable targets. The targets have been chosen to allow flexibility and design freedom: Table 1 presents the overall energy consumption and CO2 emission targets

for a building project. Table 2 and Table 3 specify envelope performance targets and building

service equipment targets respectively. These two types of targets deal with the minimum performance values for the individual building elements (e.g. roof and windows) and plant (e.g. specific fan power and lighting efficiency).

Thus, starting from the baseline (i.e. the minimum performance of the individual elements and equipment), designers are free to determine their own path towards achieving the overall building performance targets. The targets should therefore not be regarded as a design constraint but instead as a tool to ensure good practice energy performance. 2. How to apply the guidance? During the several design phases, the design team should take the following steps: Step 1: Stages A/B - Strategic Briefing Determine the overall targets

According to the project space accommodation schedule, the design team should use Table 1 to set the overall energy consumptions targets and CO2 emissions targets (in kWh/year/m2 and kgCO2/year/m2 respectively)

Step 2: Stage C - Outline Proposals Determine the building design strategy The design team members should develop a building design and energy supply strategy that will achieve the performance targets (this will cover the main architectural decisions, ventilation and heating strategies, etc.).

Step 3: Stage D - Detailed Proposals Develop the specifications Table 2 and Table 3 should be used throughout the detailed design phase to help the architects and engineers develop their specifications and detailed design proposals. Figures in these tables should be considered as poorest acceptable values.

Step 4: Stage E - Final Design Proposals Check the design Once the design is completed, the design team should calculate the estimated energy consumptions and CO2 emissions and compare them with the targets set at Step 1. This may require modelling in order to provide sufficient confidence that the performance targets will be achieved.

Step 5: Stage L Practical Completion Check the construction


Once the construction is completed, the design team should re-calculate the estimated energy consumptions and CO2 emissions and compare them with the figures calculated at Step 4 and the targets set at Step 1.

3. How the targets were obtained The targets presented in Table 1, 2 and 3 are the result of an extensive literature search among the most recent and relevant regulations, guides and case studies. A complete list of sources is available at the end of this report. In summary, the most useful sources of information are: Building Regulations part L 2002 along with the proposal for amending part L in

2005; CIBSE Guide F: Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Second edition, 2004; Energy Consumption Guide 19, Energy Use in Offices, DEFRA, 2000; Energy Consumption Guide 94, Energy efficiency in further and higher education,

DEFRA, 1997; Cost-effective Low Energy Buildings in Further and Higher Education, GPG207,

BRE, 1997.


This is to certify that the Imperial College energy performance targets have been achieved for the project. This is to be completed at strategic briefing stage, design proposals completion, construction completion and 1 year after completion. Provide supplementary information where relevant. INSERT PROJECT DETAILS

CONFIRM CALCULATION METHODS AND SOFTWARE PROGRAMMES USED

STAGE B Strategic Briefing

Project Name

Total treated building area (m2) (1)

Target energy consumption

Target CO2 emissions

Data entered by (name and organisation)

Accepted by client (name and department)

STAGE D Detailed Proposals

Design energy consumption

Design CO2 emissions



STAGE E Final Design Proposals

Design energy consumption

Design CO2 emissions



STAGE L Practical Completion

Asset (2) energy consumption

Asset CO2 emissions



1 year after Practical Completion

Operational (3) energy consumption

Operational CO2 emissions



GASPredicted

energy consumption

(kWh/m2TFA/yr)

Benchmark source and

date

ELECTRICITYPredicted

energy consumption

(kWh/m2TFA/yr)


date

TOTALPredicted

energy consumption

(kWh/m2TFA/yr)


date

TOTALPredicted

annual CO2 emissions

(kg/m2TFA/yr)


date

GASPredicted

energy consumption

(kWh/m2TFA/yr)


date

ELECTRICITYPredicted

energy consumption

(kWh/m2TFA/yr)


date

TOTALPredicted

energy consumption

(kWh/m2TFA/yr)


date

TOTALPredicted

annual CO2 emissions

(kg/m2TFA/yr)


date

Lecture room (arts) 105 CIBSE F-2004 71 CIBSE F-2004 176 CALC 1 50.3 CALC 2 126 CIBSE F-2004 80 CIBSE F-2004 206 CALC 1 58.2 CALC 2Lecture room (science) 116 CIBSE F-2004 119 CIBSE F-2004 235 CALC 1 72.7 CALC 2 140 CIBSE F-2004 136 CIBSE F-2004 276 CALC 1 84.6 CALC 2Lecture theatre 309 CALC 0 81 CALC 0 390 CALC 1 94.1 CALC 2 412 ECG054-1997 108 ECG054-1997 520 CALC 1 125.5 CALC 2Library (air-conditioned) 182 CIBSE F-2004 307 CIBSE F-2004 489 CALC 1 164.9 CALC 2 257 CIBSE F-2004 425 CIBSE F-2004 682 CALC 1 229.2 CALC 2Library (naturally-ventilated) 121 CIBSE F-2004 48 CIBSE F-2004 169 CALC 1 43.7 CALC 2 169 CIBSE F-2004 67 CIBSE F-2004 236 CALC 1 61.1 CALC 2Catering (bar/restaurant) 192 CIBSE F-2004 144 CIBSE F-2004 336 CALC 1 98.0 CALC 2 271 CIBSE F-2004 157 CIBSE F-2004 428 CALC 1 118.8 CALC 2Catering (fast/food) 461 CIBSE F-2004 211 CIBSE F-2004 672 CALC 1 178.5 CALC 2 651 CIBSE F-2004 229 CIBSE F-2004 880 CALC 1 222.9 CALC 2

Halls of residence 253 CIBSE F-2004 89 CIBSE F-2004 342 CALC 1 86.6 CALC 2 305 CIBSE F-2004 105 CIBSE F-2004 410 CALC 1 103.5 CALC 2Self catering/flats 211 CIBSE F-2004 47 CIBSE F-2004 258 CALC 1 60.8 CALC 2 253 CIBSE F-2004 57 CIBSE F-2004 310 CALC 1 73.1 CALC 2Sports / Combined centre 264 CIBSE F-2004 96 CIBSE F-2004 360 CALC 1 91.7 CALC 2 598 CIBSE F-2004 152 CIBSE F-2004 750 CALC 1 180.2 CALC 2Sports / dry sports centre 158 CIBSE F-2004 64 CIBSE F-2004 222 CALC 1 57.7 CALC 2 343 CIBSE F-2004 105 CIBSE F-2004 448 CALC 1 110.9 CALC 2Sports / fitness centre 201 CIBSE F-2004 127 CIBSE F-2004 328 CALC 1 92.6 CALC 2 449 CIBSE F-2004 194 CIBSE F-2004 643 CALC 1 169.0 CALC 2Sports ground changing facility 141 CIBSE F-2004 93 CIBSE F-2004 234 CALC 1 66.6 CALC 2 216 CIBSE F-2004 164 CIBSE F-2004 380 CALC 1 111.1 CALC 2Swimmimg pool (25m) centre 573 CIBSE F-2004 152 CIBSE F-2004 725 CALC 1 175.3 CALC 2 1336 CIBSE F-2004 237 CIBSE F-2004 1573 CALC 1 359.2 CALC 2

Office type 1 79 ECG019-2000 33 ECG019-2000 112 CALC 1 29.3 CALC 2 151 ECG019-2000 54 ECG019-2000 205 CALC 1 52.1 CALC 2Office type 2 79 ECG019-2000 54 ECG019-2000 133 CALC 1 38.1 CALC 2 151 ECG019-2000 85 ECG019-2000 236 CALC 1 65.2 CALC 2Office type 3 97 ECG019-2000 128 ECG019-2000 225 CALC 1 72.8 CALC 2 178 ECG019-2000 226 ECG019-2000 404 CALC 1 129.9 CALC 2Office type 4 114 ECG019-2000 234 ECG019-2000 348 CALC 1 120.9 CALC 2 210 ECG019-2000 358 ECG019-2000 568 CALC 1 191.8 CALC 2

Laboratory 160 ECG 083-2002 110 ECG 083-2002 270 CALC 1 77.5 CALC 2 211 ECG 083-2002 124 ECG 083-2002 335 CALC 1 93.3 CALC 2

CALC 0 = whenever a figure could not be found in the literature, new buildings were assumed to perform 25% better than refurbishments.CALC 1 = addition of the gas and electricity components of the overall energy consumption.CALC 2 = the fossil fuels and electricity components of the overall energy consumption are multiplied by their carbon dioxide factors.

OFFICE TYPES (for a detailed description see Energy Consumption Guide 19- Energy Use in Offices, DEFRA, available at The Carbon Trust web site: http://www.thecarbontrust.co.uk)Office type 1: naturally ventilated, cellular, individual windows, local light switches and heating controls, few common facilities.Office type 2: naturally ventilated, open-plan, more office equipment, vending machines, etc. than in office type 1, and more routine use of this equipment. Lights and shared equipment tend to be switched in larger groups.Office type 3: air-conditioned, standard, deeper floor plans than in office type 3.Office type 4: air-conditioned, prestige, plant running hours often longer than in office type 3 to suit the longer occupancy, catering kitchens.

Note on the carbon dioxide factors: the carbon doxide emission factors considered here correspond to those of table 1, section 4, page 9, ADL2A of the part L consultation document (i.e. 0.194 kgCO2/kWh for natural gas and 0.422 kgCO2/kWh for grid-supplied

TFA - Treated Floor Area: area measured inside external walls less plant rooms and other areas not directly heated or cooled.

TABLE 1 - ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSION BENCHMARKS

New buildings Refurbishments (and extensions < 100 m2)

Building type

Offices

Laboratories

Academic building

Student Residences

Good practice Benchmark source and date Regulatory (Draft L-2005)Regulatory

(L-2002) Good practice Benchmark source and dateRegulatory

(Draft L-2005)Regulatory

(L-2002) Good practice Benchmark source and dateRegulatory

(Draft L-2005)Regul

(Draft L

Losses minus gains (kWh/m2TFA/year) - Maximum value 15 BREEAM-2005 No No 15 BREEAM-2005 No No 25 BREEAM-2005 No No

Air permeability (m3/m2.h-1 at 50 Pa) 7 TM23-2000 10.00 No 7 TM23-2000 No No 10 TM23-2000 No No

Wall - area weighted average value (W/m2K) 0.28Draft L-2005, GPCS396-2001,

NPCS102-1997, NPCS106-1998, GPG192-2003

0.35 0.35 0.27 Draft L-2005 0.27 No 0.27 Draft L-2005, GPG192-2003, ce12-2003 0.27 N

Wall - for any individual element (W/m2K) 0.45 Draft L-2005 0.45 0.70 0.45 Draft L-2005 No No 0.45 Draft L-2005 No No

Floor - area weighted average value (W/m2K) 0.22Draft L-2005, GPCS396-2001,

NPCS102-1997, GPG192-2003

0.25 0.25 0.22 Draft L-2005 0.22 0.25 0.22 Draft L-2005, GPG192-2003, ce12-2003 0.22 0.

Floor - for any individual element (W/m2K) 0.45 Draft L-2005 0.45 0.70 0.45 Draft L-2005 No 0.70 0.45 Draft L-2005 No 0.

Flat roof - area weighted average value (W/m2K) 0.17Draft L-2005, GPCS396-2001,

NPCS102-1997, NPCS106-1998, GPG192-2003


Pitched roof with insulation between rafters - area weighted average value (W/m2K)

0.17Draft L-2005, GPCS396-2001,

NPCS102-1997, NPCS106-1998, GPG192-2003

0.25 0.20 0.16 Draft L-2005 0.16 0.20 0.20 Draft L-2005, ce12-2003 0.20 0.

Pitched roof with insulation between joists - area weighted average value

atory -2005)

o

25

70

25

20

(W/m2K)0.16 L-2002 0.25 0.16 0.13 Draft L-2005 0.13 0.16 0.13 Draft L-2005, GPG192-2003, ce12-2003 0.13 0.

All types of roof - for any individual element (W/m2K) 0.35 Draft L-2005 0.35 0.35 0.35 Draft L-2005 No No 0.35 Draft L-2005 No No

Windows - metal frames - area weighted average value (W/m2K) 2.00Draft L-2005, GPCS396-2001,

NPCS102-1997, NPCS106-1998, GPG192-2003

2.20 2.20 1.80 Draft L-2005 1.80 2.20 2.00 Average (Draft L-2005, ce12-2003) 2.00 2.

Windows - wood or PVC frames - area weighted average value (W/m2K)

2.00Draft L-2005, GPCS396-2001,

NPCS102-1997, NPCS106-1998, GPG192-2003


Rooflights - area weighted average value (W/m2K) 2.00Draft L-2005, GPCS396-2001,

NPCS102-1997, NPCS106-1998, GPG192-2003

2.20 2.20 1.80 Draft L-2005 1.80 2.20 2.00 Draft L-2005 2.00 2.

Curtain wall (whole faade) - area weighted average value (W/m2K) 1.60 Draft L-2005 1.60 2.20 1.80 Draft L-2005 1.80 2.20 2.00 Draft L-2005 2.00 2.

Windows and roolights - for any individual element (W/m2K) 3.30 Draft L-2005 3.30 No 3.30 Draft L-2005 No No 3.30 Draft L-2005 No No

Curtain wall (whole faade) - for any individual element (W/m2K) 2.50 Draft L-2005 2.50 No 2.50 Draft L-2005 No No 2.50 Draft L-2005 No No

Vehicle access and similar large doors - area weighted average value

16

20

00

20

20

(W/m2K)1.50 Draft L-2005 1.50 0.70 1.50 Draft L-2005 1.50 0.70 1.50 Draft L-2005 1.50 0.

Vehicle access and similar large doors - for any individual element

70

(W/m2K)4.00 Draft L-2005 4.00 No 4.00 Draft L-2005 No No 4.00 Draft L-2005 No No

Entrance doors - metal frames (W/m2K) 2.20 L-2002 No 2.20 2.20 L-2002 No 2.20 2.20 L-2002 No 2.

Entrance doors - wood or PVC frames (W/m2K) 2.00 L-2002 No 2.00 2.00 L-2002 No 2.00 2.00 L-2002 4.00 2.

Windows and rooflights

Doors

Global performance of the envelope

Floors

Roofs

TABLE 2 - BUILDING ENVELOPE PERFORMANCE TARGETS

Walls

Air permeability

Extensions no greater than 100 m2New buildings (and extensions greater than 100 m2) Refurbishments

20

00

Energy Performance Benchmark source and date Energy Performance Benchmark source and date

Specific fan power (W/l.s-1) - whole building ventilation system - no heat recovery 1.80CIBSE F-2004, ECG019-2000,

GPG192-2003 2.5Draft L-2005, CIBSE F-2004, ECG019-

2000Specific fan power (W/l.s-1) - whole building ventilation system - heat recovery 2.00 Draft L-2005 3.0 Draft L-2005

Specific fan power (W/l.s-1) - all other central systems 1.80CIBSE F-2004, ECG019-2000,

GPG192-2003 2.0 Draft L-2005

Specific fan power (W/l.s-1) - local ventilation unit 0.20 Draft L-2005 0.2 Draft L-2005

Fans full load (W/m2TFA) - Air-conditioned, Standard building 22 CIBSE F-2004 42 CIBSE F-2004

Fans full load (W/m2TFA) - Air-conditioned, Prestige building 24 CIBSE F-2004 44 CIBSE F-2004

Heat recovery efficiency (thermal wheel) 70% GPG192-2003 70% GPG192-2003

Heat recovery efficiency (plate) 60% BELOK-2005 60% BELOK-2005

Heat recovery efficiency (no mixing allowed / run-around coil) 50% BELOK-2005 50% BELOK-2005

Heating pump installed capacity (W/m2 TFA) - Naturally ventilated, Cellular building 0.80 CIBSE F-2004 1.90 CIBSE F-2004

Heating pump installed capacity (W/m2 TFA) - Naturally ventilated, Open plan buildings 1.20 CIBSE F-2004 2.50 CIBSE F-2004

Heating pump installed capacity (W/m2 TFA) - Air-conditioned, Standard building 1.35 CIBSE F-2004 2.80 CIBSE F-2004

Heating pump installed capacity (W/m2 TFA) - Air-conditioned, Prestige building 1.35 CIBSE F-2004 2.80 CIBSE F-2004

Cooling pump installed capacity (W/m2 TFA) - Air-conditioned, Standard building 1.80 CIBSE F-2004 3.10 CIBSE F-2004

Cooling 2 2.00 CIBSE F-2004 3.40 CIBSE F-2004

Hum

if heating pum

if 21

if 61

if 120

Air-cooled

Wate

Air-cooled

Wate

Air-cooled

Wate

Air-cooled

Wate

1-12

1-12

1-12

1-12

1-12

1-12

1-12

1-12

1-12

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

12-4

45-1

45-1

45-1

45-1

45-1

45-1

Pum

Pum

Boile

Pow

Quality of CHPQA

Lighting inst

Lighting effAverag

Averag

Sec

Offic

Offic

Offic

Offic

Com

Press

Salam

Office equi

Catering e

Refriferation and heat pumps

Heating

Performanc

Pumps

Heating pump installed capacity

Heating pu

TABLE 3 - TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE TARGETS

Security lighti

Cooling pump installed capacity

Humidification

Water chil

Splits and mu

Lighting

Lighting in

CHP

Specific fan power

Fans full load

Heat recovery efficiency

Notes

Mechanical ventilation

System

RefurbishmentsNew buildings

pump installed capacity (W/m TFA) - Air-conditioned, Prestige building

idification installed capacity (W/m2 TFA) 15 CIBSE F-2004 20 CIBSE F-2004

p capacity < 20 kW (COP) 2.20 CIBSE F-2004 2.20 CIBSE F-2004

kW < Heating pump capacity < 60 kW (COP) 2.40 CIBSE F-2004 2.40 CIBSE F-2004

kW < Heating pump capacity < 120 kW (COP) 2.50 CIBSE F-2004 2.50 CIBSE F-2004

kW < Heating pump capacity (COP) 2.60 CIBSE F-2004 2.60 CIBSE F-2004

reciprocating water chiller (cooling capacity < 120kW) (COP) 3.00 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

r-cooled reciprocating water chiller (cooling capacity < 120kW) (COP) 3.20 CIBSE F-2004 3.20 CIBSE F-2004

reciprocating water chiller (cooling capacity > 120kW) (COP) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

r-cooled reciprocating water chiller (cooling capacity > 120kW) (COP) 3.40 CIBSE F-2004 3.40 CIBSE F-2004

water chiller with centrifugal compressors (cooling capacity > 800kW) (COP) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

r-cooled water chiller with centrifugal compressors (cooling capacity > 800kW) (COP) 3.80 CIBSE F-2004 3.80 CIBSE F-2004

water chiller with centrifugal compressors (cooling capacity > 800kW) (COP) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

r-cooled water chiller with centrifugal compressors (cooling capacity > 800kW) (COP) 4.00 CIBSE F-2004 4.00 CIBSE F-2004

kW Air cooled split and multisplit (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) 3.00 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

kW Air cooled split and multisplit, heat pump - COOLING (EER) 3.00 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

kW Air cooled split and multisplit, heat pump - HEATING (COP) 3.40 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

kW Air cooled packaged (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) 3.00 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

kW Air cooled packaged, heat pump - COOLING (EER) 3.00 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

kW Air cooled packaged, heat pump - HEATING (COP) 3.20 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

kW Water cooled packaged (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) 3.10 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

kW Water cooled packaged, heat pump - COOLING (EER) 3.10 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

kW Water cooled packaged, heat pump - HEATING (COP) 3.40 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled split (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled split, heat pump - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled split, heat pump - HEATING (COP) 3.25 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled multisplit (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled multisplit, heat pump - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled multisplit, heat pump - HEATING (COP) 3.11 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled packaged (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled packaged, heat pump - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Air cooled packaged, heat pump - HEATING (COP) 3.47 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

5 kW Water cooled packaged (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) Insufficient data

5 kW Water cooled packaged, heat pump - COOLING (EER) Insufficient data

5 kW Water cooled packaged, heat pump - HEATING (COP) Insufficient data

00 kW Air cooled split (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

00 kW Air cooled split, heat pump - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

00 kW Air cooled split, heat pump - HEATING (COP) 3.07 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

00 kW Air cooled packaged (cooling only) - COOLING (EER) 3.10 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

00 kW Air cooled packaged, heat pump - COOLING (EER) 3.00 Draft L-2005 3.00 Draft L-2005

00 kW Air cooled packaged, heat pump - HEATING (COP) 3.20 CIBSE F-2004 3.00 Draft L-2005

ps > 150 m3/h (efficiency) 65% BELOK-2005 65% BELOK-2005

ps < 150 m3/h (efficiency) 50% BELOK-2005 50% BELOK-2005

r efficiency (SEDBUK) 86% SEDBUK-2005 86% SEDBUK-2005 * heating system gross seasonal efficiency (gas-fired)

er Efficiency 28% Maufacturers' websites 28% Maufacturers' websites

Index 105 CHPQA-2003 100 CHPQA-2003 The methodology to calculate QI is given in Note 10Standard, page 3

alled capacity (W/m2TFA) 12 CIBSE F-2004, ECG019-2000 15 CIBSE F-2004, ECG019-2000

iciency (W/m2.100 lux) 3 CIBSE F-2004 3.75 CIBSE F-2004

e luminous efficacy (lumen/W) 45 Draft L-2005 40 GPG199-1996

e lamp life (h) 8000 GPG199-1996 8000 GPG199-1996

urity lighting - maximum wattage (W) 150 ECOH-2005 150 ECOH-2005

e equipment installed capacity (W/m2TFA) - Office type 1 10 CIBSE F-2004 12 CIBSE F-2004




bination ovens (energy source) Gas GPG207-1997 Gas GPG207-1997

ure cooker (energy source) Gas GPG207-1997 Gas GPG207-1997

ander grills (energy source) Gas GPG207-1997 Gas GPG207-1997

pment installed

quipment

e

mp COP

ng

installed capacity

ler COP

ltisplits systems COP

stalled capacity and power density

Abbreviation Title

0 L-2002 Building Regulations, Part L, 2002

1 CIBSE F-2004 Energy efficiency in buildings, CIBSE Guide F, Second edition, 2004

2 Draft L-2005 Proposals for amending Part L and Implementing the EPBD, Consultation document, 2004

3 BRIEF6-2003 The Energy Performance of Buildings, CIBSE Briefing 6, 2003

4 ECG054-1997 Energy efficiency in further and higher education, ECG 054, 1997

5 GPG207-1997 Cost-effective low energy buildings in further and higher education, GPG207, 1997

6 GPG32 -2002 Energy monitoring and targeting systems for further and higher education, GPG327, 2002

7 GPG336-1996 Energy monitoring and targeting systems for further and higher education, University of Wales, Cardiff GPG336, 1996

8 GPCS333-1996 Energy management practices in further education, Southwark College of Further Education, a low-cost pragmatic approach, GPCS333, 1996

9 GPCS334-1996 The benefits of including energy efficiency early in the design stage, Anglia Polytechnic University, GPCS334, 1996

10 GPCS335-1997 Investment in energy efficiency at the University of Warwick, GPCS335, 1997

11 GPCS394-2001 Cost-effective energy efficiency in refurbished university buildings, St Michaels House, University College Chichester, GPCS394, 2001

12 GPCS396-2001 Cost-effective ventilation and cooling in new university buildings, University of Lincolnshire and Humberside, GPCS396, 2001

13 NPCS102-1997 The Queens Building, de Montfort University , feedback for designers and clients, NPCS102, 1997

14 NPCS106-1998 The Elizabeth Fry Building, University of East Anglia, feedback for designers and clients, NPCS106 - 1998

15 GPCS042-1993 Energy Efficiency in Higher Education Buildings: Condensing Gas Boilers, GPCS042, 1993

16 GPG199-1996 Energy efficient lighting, GPG199, 1996

17 ECG019-2000 Energy Consumption Guide 19, Energy use in offices, DEFRA, 2000

18 GPG 286-2000 Action Energy, Civil Estate Benchmarking Guide, GPG 286, 2000

19 GPG 388-2004 Combined Heat and Power for Buildings, a guide for building services engineers, Action Energy, GPG 388, 2004

20 ECG 083-2002 Energy use in Government laboratories, ECG 083, 2002

21 ECG051-1998 Energy Consumption Guide 51, Energy efficiency in sports and recreation buildings, Best Practice Programme, 1998

22 BELOK-2005 Swedish Office Procurement Database, http://www.belok.nu

23 GPG204-1996 CHP in Universities, GPG 204, 1996

24 UKEPIC-2005 The UK Environmental Products Information Consortium (UKEPIC) - http://www.ukepic.co.uk

25 GPG192-2003 Designing Energy Efficient Multi-Residential Buildings, GPG 192, 2003

26 ECOH-2005 Eco-Homes - the environmental rating for homes

27 BREEAM-2005 BREEAM Offices 2005

28 GPG246-1998 Building Management Systems in Higher and Further Education, GPG 246, 1998

29 SEDBUK-2005 Boiler efficiency Database, http://www.sedbuk.com

30 CHPQA-2003 CHPQA Standard - http://www.chpqa.com

31 ce12-2003 Energy efficiency in new Housing, Summary of specifications for England, Wales and Scotland, Energy Saving Trust, ce12, 2003

32 GLAREN-2004 GLA Renewable Energy Toolkit, 2004

33 TM23-2000 Testing buildings for air leakage, CIBSE, 2000

BENCHMARK SOURCES