Endocrine (Hormonal) System

Maisie Sattler & Robyn Siebers

Vocabulary

● A Hormone - chemical released by a gland or cell that affects other parts of the body.

● Glands - are organs that release substances such as hormones.

● Glucose - sugar in human metabolism.

Explanation

The endocrine system works by the 10 main glands producing different hormones to help the body function properly.

It is important because the endocrine system controls the body, but through chemical messengers; with the glands releasing hormones into the bloodstream to get other organs/tissues.

Glands That Make Up the E.S.

Pituitary Gland: The master gland. Produces prolactin, Growth hormone (GH), Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), and the Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Thymus: gland needed in early life for normal immune function.

Hypothalamus: Produces growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).

Pineal Gland: Produces melatonin. Helps us sleep.

Testes: Produces testosterone & bring out physical changes.

Ovaries: Produces estrogen and progesterone.

Thyroid: controls your metabolism.

Parathyroid: makes hormones that helps control calcium levels in the body.

Adrenal Glands: Outer gland - adrenal cortex - helps control blood sugarInner gland: adrenal medulla - produces adrenaline

Pancreas: Helps the body maintain a healthy blood sugar by producing insulin.

Fun Facts

● Even the slightest hiccup with the function of one or more glands can throw off the balance of hormones in your body, which can lead to an endocrine disorder.

● The body produces 30 different hormones.

Teen Diseases

● Stress - Chemicals in body going insane - Starts to feel familiar● Hypothyroidism - when thyroid is not

active● Drugs & alcohol can impair the production of hormones.

Disease & Prevention

Diabetes - when blood glucose levels are too high & the body does not produce insulin.

Exercise, weight control and sticking to a meal plan can control and prevent diabetes and keep the E.S. healthy.

Survival Without

If we didn’t have an endocrine system:

● We wouldn’t be able to grow

● We wouldn’t be able to survive very long

Interactions

● Hypothalamus- links the endocrine system and nervous

system together so the body knows what hormones to release at a specific time.

- controls human behavior

● Works with the skeletal system - controls bone growth

● E.S. aids the immune system by helping the body build a resistance to disease

Quiz Questions

1. What gland is the master gland?A. Thyroid B. Pineal C. Pituitary

2. How many hormones are there in the body?

A. 20 B. 10 C. 30

3. The thyroid controls your:A. Metabolism B. Glucose levelsC. Behavior