endocrine system (csec integrated science)

8/12/2019 Endocrine System (CSEC Integrated Science)

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Endocrine System

Presentation prepared by: Muhamad Nabeel Uddin



It is a collection of glands that secrete chemicalmessages we call hormones.

Gland: A gland is a group of cells that produces andsecretes, or gives off, chemicals.

Hormone: are chemicals that regulate or controls the

activity of certain cells or organs



Hormones are released from glands into the blood vessels

They travel to target organs, where they cause a change



Gland Hormone secreted Function of hormone

Pancreas –islets ofLangerhans

Insulin -reduce glucose concentration inthe blood

Pancreas–

islets ofLangerhans

Glucagon -increase the glucoseconcentration in blood

Thyroid Thyroxine Increase rate at which nutrientsare used (metabolism)

Adrenal Adrenalin -fight/flight response-increase heart rate-increase breathing rate

Pituitary ADHOther hormones suchas Human Growth

Hormone (HGH)

ADH allows water to bereabsorbed from the nephron



Gland Hormone secreted Function of hormone

Ovaries Oestrogen Cause the lining of the uterus tothicken (increase blood supply)

Ovaries Progesterone Maintain uterus lining, and preventsbreakdown during pregnancy

Testes Testosterone Stimulate sperm production



In animals such as ourselves, the internal environmentof our bodies must have certain conditions withintolerable limits to continue the healthy functioning ofus.

This is done by a process called negative feedbackcontrol, where various receptors and effectors bring

about a reaction to ensure that such conditions remainfavourable

Maintaining a constant internal condition in animals

is called homeostasis



There are two types of diabetes

Type 1:

The body does not produce insulin Usually develop in early adulthood or teenage years.



Type 2 Diabetes The body does not produce enough insulin for proper

function, or the cells in the body do not react to insulin(insulin resistance).

Overweight/obese persons are at high risk

Drinking just one can of (non-diet) soda per day canraise our risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 22%



Frequent urination

Intense hunger

Increased fatigue

Blurred vision Cuts and bruises that do not heal quickly

Numbness in hands and feet



Use of insulin

Tablets e.g. metfomin

Regular exercise: reduce blood glucose

Avoid food with excess sugar Eat a balanced diet

endocrine system (csec integrated science)

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