Energy Efficiency:Expanded Scale of Opportunities

Arshad MansoorVice President,Power Delivery & Utilization, EPRI

2008 Summer SeminarAugust 4, 2008

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Carbon Footprint of End Use Energy in U.S., 2006

In a Low Carbon Future Carbon Footprint Becomes the Primary Metrics to Gauge the Scale of Energy Efficiency

DOE EIA, Annual Energy Outlook 2008, Tables A2. and A18.

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The Expanded Scale of Energy Efficiency

• Traditional Energy Efficiency Measures– Reducing carbon footprint by reducing use of electricity through

increasingly higher efficiency

• Electrifying End Use Processes– Reducing carbon footprint by replacing direct combustion of fossil

fuel in end use processes with low carbon electricity

• Electrifying Transportation– Reducing carbon footprint by replacing direct combustion of

petroleum with low carbon electricity

Significant Opportunity to Expand the Scale of Energy Efficiency

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Low Carbon Generation is the Key

Decarbonizing the Electricity Sector Increases the Opportunity to Reduce Carbon Footprint Through Efficient Use of Electricity

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Generation Transmission DistributionResidence/ Buildings

~5% ~3% ~5% ~62%

Significant Opportunity to Improve End to End Efficiency

Industries

Breakdown of Electricity Use

~25%

Electricity Industry is the Single Largest End User of Electricity

Traditional Energy Efficiency Measures: End to End

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Appliance Efficiency: Codes and Standards

Decrease in Energy Use for Three Major Appliances (Source: S. Nadel, ACEEE, in ECEEE 2003 Summer Study, www.eceee.org)

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Next Generation Appliances: Codes & Standards

Plasma TV (~250W), Set-top Box (~30W)

By 2030 almost 30% of residential load will be “plug connected” (DOE/EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2007)

• Increase in electricity use by adding a 46” plasma and a set-top box:~860 kWh/yr/household or 2.7% of US Electricity Consumption

• Increase in electricity use by adding one digital photo frame per household: ~Five 250MW Generation Plant

Digital photo frame (6W-15W)

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Electrifying End Uses: Heat Pump Example

41% Reduction

in Energy

and

32% Reduction in

Carbon Footprint

Power system losses based on average U.S. generation mix, AFUE: Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency; COP: Coefficient of Performance

DOE EIA Annual Energy Review 2006.

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Japanese Heat Pump Technology R&D

• New heat pump technologies emerging– Heat pump water heaters - 5.2

million in Japan by 2010– Heat pump washer/dryer – 6% of global CO2 reduction using

Heat Pumps (IEA)

• Electric utilities sponsored R&D

• EPRI has initiated a large scale demonstration project on emerging heat pump technologies

Heat Pump Water Heater

Heat Pump Washer Dryer[1] International Energy Agency Heat Pump Centre,

http://www.heatpumpcentre.org/About_heat_pumps/Energy_and_CO2.asp

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Annual Energy Consumption and Carbon Footprint Impact

Benefits of 20 Mile Range PHEV

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Example: Expanded Scale of Energy Efficiency

Single-FamilyHome

Heat Pump Replaces

Gas Furnace

PHEV 20Replaces

Mid-Size Car

Energy Efficiency

Improvements

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Baseline: Energy Use & Carbon Footprint

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Deploying Traditional Energy Efficiency

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Deploying Heat Pump Technology

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Deploying 20 Mile PHEV

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Effects of Traditional Energy Efficiency, Heat Pump Heating & Cooling, Mid-Size PHEV, and Low Carbon Generation

Opportunity for Expanding Scale of Energy Efficiency

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Need All Infrastructures to Evolve To Significantly Reduce Carbon Footprint Through Efficient Use of Energy

Infrastructure Need For Expanded Scale of EE