54 Drive a Nail

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54 Drive a Nail

Key Vocabulary

• energy• energy transfer• energy transformation• gravitational potential energy• kinetic energy• potential energy• variable

54 Drive a Nail

In what forms, or types, does energy appear?Record your answer in your notebook.

54 Drive a Nail

How can you transfer energy to the nail so that it drives into the foam block?

54 Drive a Nail

What do the following terms mean?

Energy transformation

Energy transfer

54 Drive a Nail

Read the introduction and look for key ideas

54 Drive a Nail

How does the height and mass of an object affect its gravitational potential energy?

54 Drive a Nail

SafetyNails are sharp and can cause injury if misused. Follow the safety your teacher demonstrates.

54 Drive a Nail

Why is it important to hold the rod in the same place every time?

Can you push the rod down each time? Why or why not? Discuss your thoughts with the class.

54 Drive a Nail

What other variables should be controlled in your experiment?

Share your thoughts with the class.

54 Drive a Nail

Complete the procedure and record your dataSCORING GUIDE: Designing Investigations

54 Drive a Nail

Discuss your findings with the classListen to your classmates as they share their results.

54 Drive a Nail

Definition reviewgravitational potential energy

kinetic energy

54 Drive a Nail

What is the difference between gravitational potential energy and potential energy?

Share your thoughts with the class.

54 Drive a Nail

Analysis question 1Which combination of tube height and rod mass transferred the most and least energy to the nail? Explain the evidence you gathered to makethis conclusion.

54 Drive a Nail

Analysis question 2Where was the rod located when there was the most:

a. gravitational potential energy?b. kinetic energy?

54 Drive a Nail

Analysis question 3Do you think that all the energy from the rod transferred to the nail? Describe any evidence that showed it did or did not.

54 Drive a Nail

Analysis question 4How do the following variables affect how much energy is transferred tothe nail?

a. Mass of the rodb. Height of the rodc. Shape of the rod

54 Drive a Nail

Analysis question 5In the situation shown below, how much gravitational potential and kinetic energy does the block have at each position?

a. When released from rest: Potential energy = 100 J

Kinetic Energy = ______b. Halfway down:

Potential energy = ______Kinetic energy = _______

54 Drive a Nail

Analysis question 5In the situation shown below, how much gravitational potential and kinetic energy does the block have at each position?

c. Just before it hits:

Potential energy = 0Kinetic energy = ______

54 Drive a Nail

How does the height and mass of an object affect its gravitational potential energy?

54 Drive a Nail

Key vocabulary definitionsEnergy - The ability to cause objects to change, move, or do work.

Energy transfer - The transfer of energy fromone object to another.

54 Drive a Nail

Key vocabulary definitionsEnergy transformation - The change of energy from one type to another, such as from potential to kinetic.

Gravitational potential energy – Energy stored due to an object’s mass and height.

Kinetic energy - Energy of motion.

54 Drive a Nail

Key vocabulary definitionsPotential energy - Energy of position or stored energy.

Variable - A changing factor. In an experiment, the variable is what is studied, such as the effect of differing concentrations of salt on the growth of plants. The experiment would involve changing the salt concentration (the variable), while trying to keep all other factors the same.