energy exchange 2015 track 3 session 3: high performance buildings operations
TRANSCRIPT
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Phoenix Convention Center • Phoenix, Arizona
Session 3: Building Management and Operations for Performance and Efficiency
Track 3: Energy Technologies
Shanti Pless, Senior Energy Efficiency Research Engineer National Renewable Energy Laboratory
August 11, 2015
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Lets Review
• I have a new net zero energy building that meets the Executive Orders – now what? – Year 3 in our own net zero operations efforts in
the Research Support Facility at NREL – Real Performance for Real Buildings
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Our Net Zero Effort
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NREL/DOE Research Support Facility
Location: Golden, CO Primary Use: Office Size: 360,000 ft2
Occupants: Approximately 1,325 LEED Rating: Platinum Construction Cost: $254/ft2 Energy Budget: 35 kBtu/ft2/yr Site Net Zero Energy Goal: Offices, datacenter, and parking with on-site PV and campus wood chip boiler End use metering as required in RFP
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Zero Energy Building Operations Realities (data)
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First year at Net Zero!
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http://www.nrel.gov/news/features/feature_detail.cfm/feature_id=11369
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Zero Energy Building Operations Realities (data)
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Zero Energy Building Operations Realities (data)
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Occupant Impact
Images: Dennis Schroeder, NREL
Occupants influence about 30% of total energy consumption
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
RSF Performance Targets
Pie Chart: Chad Lobato, NREL; Graphic: Marjorie Schott, NREL, and Stockphoto
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Building Agent
Graphics: Nicholas Long, NREL
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6 watt task light 50 fc
Ambient daylight
Ambient lighting with daylight sensors for 25 fc
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MANAGER TRAINING NEWSLETTER
MOVE MEETINGS
STAFF OPEN HOUSE
RSF EMAIL BOX
WEB PAGE
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You have switches – use them
If you open a window – close it
If you are stuffy – open your window
If you have a glare issue – pull your shade
Turn on your power strip in the morning
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Effective Visualization?
What does this tell us?
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Building Agent Dashboard
Graphic Design: Marjorie Schott, NREL
What about this?
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
On Track Today – mostly.. (08:15 am MST 8/11/15)
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Creating Expectations
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Upper Expectation
Measured Performance Lower Expectation
Expectations combine statistical and physical energy models
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Modeling Consumption
Vertical Irradiance (W/m2)
LPD
(W/m
2)
Statistical Models Lighting
Physical Models PV Generation
Combined Models Plug Loads
Henze, G.P.; Pless, S.; Petersen, A.; Long, N.; Scambos, T. (2015). “Control limits for building energy end use based on frequency analysis and quantile regression." Energy Efficiency, published online. DOI: 10.1007/s12053-015-9342-6
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Fault Detection Example: Daylighting
Lighting higher than expected
Lighting out of range despite full daylighting potential
Root Cause: Daylighting controls overridden during repair of ballast and fixtures; controls weren’t reset
6-Nov-2013 6-Nov-2013
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Fault Detection Example: Lighting Controls
Lighting load is too high in evening hours (6–10 PM)
Response: Reduce auto-off delays; staff outreach; lessons learned for future lighting system design
Multiple Causes: Cleaning staff, individuals working late
1-Jan-2014 5-Apr-2014
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Is it OFF?
Credit: Jennifer Scheib/NREL
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Fault Detection Example: Air Handler
Solution: Installation of new evaporative cooling unit to meet local demand, enabling the AHU to turn off at night
Problem: Large AHU on all night: manually overridden to provide air and cooling to a few night shift security employees
16-Aug-2013
7-Oct-2013
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
Fault Detection Example: PV Inverter Offline
PV output too low. Why?
Time series suggests inverter outage; offline inverter confirmed via vendor web portal and repair dispatched
20-Mar-2015 20-Mar-2015
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
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Production Tracking
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
• Have run 1.15 - 1.35 PUE • Fully containing hot aisle difficult
• Custom aisle floor and door seals • Ensure equipment designed for hot
aisle containment
• 100 kW datacenter load in 2010 • 141 kW January 2015 • Decommissioned older servers • Ensured highest efficiency possible
power supplies • Continued consolidation • 123 kW June 2015
Can a Datacenter Use Less Energy Over Time?
NR
EL/P
IX 1
7897
Cre
dit:
Mar
jorie
Sch
ott/N
REL
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
• Fix PV faults as soon as they are found – 12% improvements possible
• Continued datacenter metric tracking – 1.15 PUE and total 120 kW goals
• Lighting controls commissioning – Occupancy sensors, daylighting set points
• Wood chip boiler controls improvements – Over 50% natural gas savings planned
• Additional PV planned • More thin clients All while trying to fit in another 100 occupants…
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Plan to return to net positive
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High Performance Building Operators
Owners/Operators
Jim Dewey, City of Santa Barbara
John Elliott, UC Merced
Matt Ellis, Army
Jake Gedvilas, NREL
Rodney Martin, NASA
Scott Poll, NASA
Len Pettis, California State University
Kevin Rodgers, University of Chicago
Jason Sielcken, GSA
Darrell Smith, Microsoft
Scott Williams, Target
Designers and Energy Consultants
Porus Antia, Stantec
Matt Ganser, Carbon Lighthouse
Rob Peña, University of Washington and the Integrated Design Laboratory
Zack Rogers, Daylighting Innovations
Phil Saieg, McKinstry
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Resources
• General HPB operations process linked by project phase • Present a storyline for all HPB
operations key actions (above and beyond current practice)
• Unique sections for topics that create a base recipe that can be used by all HPB owners and building types
• Examples of unique lessons given to generate motivation and confidence to take action • Setting and requiring energy targets • Procuring an EIS • Procuring MELs • Datacenters • Occupancy and occupant feedback • Closing the loop with action plans
https://buildingdata.energy.gov/cbrd/resource/1913
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Preparing for HPB Operations