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Energy From SeawaterMADE BYMe and my friends Energy From Seawater

Energy

Energyis one of the most fundamental parts of our universe. We useenergyto do work . Energylights our cities.Energypowers our vehicles, trains, planes and rockets.Inphysics ,energyis apropertyofobjectswhich can betransferred to other objects orconvertedinto different forms, butcannot be created or destroyed. The ability of a system to perform work is a common description. But, it is difficult to give a comprehensive definition of energy because of its many forms.InSI units, energy is measured injoules, the energy transferred to an object by themechanical workof moving it 1 meteragainst aforceof 1Newton.Energy

Today we will explore electrical energy, better known as electricitySo What Exactly Is Electricity?Electricity by definition is electric current that is used as a power source!This electric current is generated in a power plant, and then sent out over a power grid to your homes, and ultimately to your power outlets.

The movement of charges suchas electrons is called current, and this electrical current is what powers household appliances. Electric Current = Charge PassingThrough A Given Area------------------------------- TimeI guess the next question would be...What is Electric Current?

SeasAseais a largebodyofsalt waterthat is surrounded in whole or in part byland.More broadly,the sea(with the definite article) is the interconnected system of the Earth'ssalty,oceanicwatersconsidered as oneglobal oceanor as several principal oceanic divisions. The sea moderates theEarth's climateand has important roles in thewater cycle,carbon cycle, andnitrogen cycle. Although the sea has beentravelledandexploredsince prehistory, the modern scientific study of the sea -oceanography -dates broadly to theBritishChallenger expeditionof the 1870s.The sea is conventionally divided intoup to five large oceanic sectionsincluding the IHO's four named oceans(theAtlantic,Pacific,Indian, andArctic) and theSouthern Ocean;smaller, second-order sections, such as theMediterranean, are known asseas.

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Former changes in the sea levels have leftcontinental shelves, shallow areas in the sea close to land. These nutrient-rich waters teem withlife, which provide humans with substantial supplies offoodmainlyfish, but also shellfish,mammals, andseaweedwhich are bothharvested in the wildandfarmed. The most diverse areas surround great tropicalcoral reefs.Whalingin the deep sea wasonce commonbutwhales' dwindling numbers promptedinternational conservation effortsand finally amoratoriumon most commercial hunting. Oceanography has established that not all life is restricted to thesunlit surface waters: even underenormous depths and pressures, nutrients streaming fromhydrothermal ventssupport their ownunique ecosystem.Life may have startedthere and aquaticmicrobial matsare generally credited with theoxygenationofEarth's atmosphere; bothplantsandanimalsfirstevolvedin the sea.The sea is an essential aspect of humantrade,travel,mineral extraction, andpower generation. This has also made it essential towarfareand left major cities exposed toearthquakesandvolcanoesfrom nearbyfaults; powerfultsunamiwaves; andhurricanes,typhoons, and cyclonesproduced in the tropics. This importance and duality has affectedhuman culture, from earlysea godsto theepic poetryofHomerto the changes induced by theColumbian Exchange, fromViking funeralstoBasho'shaikusto hyperrealistmarine art, and inspiring music ranging from theshantiesinThe Complaynt of ScotlandtoRimsky-Korsakov's "The Sea and Sinbad's Ship" toA-me's "Listen to the Sea". It is the scene ofleisure activitiesincludingswimming,diving,surfing, andsailing. However,population growth,industrialization, andintensive farminghave all contributed to present-daymarine pollution. Atmosphericcarbon dioxideis being absorbed in increasing amounts, lowering itspHin a process known asocean acidification. Theshared nature of the seahas madeoverfishingan increasing problem.

Physical and Chemical Properties Physical and Chemical Properties

Energy from the sea

Energy from the sea is obtained in three different forms. They are Tidal energy, Sea wave energy and Ocean thermal energy. i) Tidal energy :- ii) Sea wave energy :-iii) Ocean thermal energy :-

TidalEnergy

Tidal power, also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power, mainly electricity.Although not yet widely used, tidal power has potential for future electricity generation. Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power. Among sources of renewable energy, tidal power has traditionally suffered from relatively high cost and limited availability of sites with sufficiently high tidal ranges or flow velocities, thus constricting its total availability.

However, many recent technological developments and improvements, both in design (e.g. dynamic tidal power, tidal lagoons) and turbine technology (e.g. new axial turbines, cross flow turbines), indicate that the total availability of tidal power may be much higher than previously assumed, and that economic and environmental costs may be brought down to competitive levels.Historically, tide mills have been used both in Europe and on the Atlantic coast of North America.

The incoming water was contained in large storage ponds, and as the tide went out, it turned waterwheels that used the mechanical power it produced to mill grain.[1] The earliest occurrences date from the Middle Ages, or even from Roman times.[2][3] It was only in the 19th century that the process of using falling water and spinning turbines to create electricity was introduced in the U.S. and Europe.[4]The world's first large-scale tidal power plant is the Rance Tidal Power Station in France, which became operational in 1966.

Dynamic tidal power (or DTP) is an untried but promising technology that would exploit an interaction between potential and kinetic energies in tidal flows. It proposes that very long dams (for example: 3050km length) be built from coasts straight out into the sea or ocean, without enclosing an area. Tidal phase differences are introduced across the dam, leading to a significant water-level differential in shallow coastal seas featuring strong coast-parallel oscillating tidal currents such as found in the UK, China, and Korea.

Environmental concerns

Tidal power can have effects on marine life. The turbines can accidentally kill swimming sea life with the rotating blades. Some fish may no longer utilize the area if threatened with a constant rotating or noise-making object. Marine life is a huge factor when placing tidal power energy generators in the water and precautions are made to ensure that as many marine animals as possible will not be affected by it. The Tethys database provides access to scientific literature and general information on the potential environmental effects of tidal energy.[35]

Wave Energy

Wave power is the transport of energy by ocean surface waves, and the capture of that energy to do useful work for example, electricity generation, water desalination, or the pumping of water (into reservoirs). A machine able to exploit wave power is generally known as a wave energy converter (WEC).Wave power is distinct from the diurnal flux of tidal power and the steady gyre of ocean currents. Wave-power generation is not currently a widely employed commercial technology, although there have been attempts to use it since at least 1890.

PotentialThe worldwide resource of wave energy has been estimated to be greater than 2 TW.[87] Locations with the most potential for wave power include the western seaboard of Europe, the northern coast of the UK, and the Pacific coastlines of North and South America, Southern Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. The north and south temperate zones have the best sites for capturing wave power. The prevailing westerlies in these zones blow strongest in winter.

Ocean ThermalEnergy

Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) uses the temperature difference between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface ocean waters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. OTEC is a base load electricity generation system, i.e. 24hrs/day all year long. However, since the temperature differential is small, the efficiency is low, decreasing the economic feasibility of ocean thermal energy for electricity generation.

Among ocean energy sources, OTEC is one of the continuously available renewable energy resources that could contribute to base-load power supply.[1] The resource potential for OTEC is considered to be much larger than for other ocean energy forms [World Energy Council, 2000]. Up to 88,000 TWh/yr of power could be generated from OTEC without affecting the oceans thermal structure [Pelc and Fujita, 2002].

In March 2013, Saga University with various Japanese industries completed the installation of a new OTEC plant.[18] Okinawa Prefecture announced the start of the OTEC operation testing at Kume Island on April 15, 2013. The main aim is to prove the validity of computer models and demonstrate OTEC to the public. The testing and research will be conducted with the support of Saga University until the end of FY 2016. IHI PlantConstruction Co. Ltd, Yokogawa Electric Corporation, and Xenesys Inc were entrusted with constructing the 100 kilowatt class plant within the grounds of the Okinawa Prefecture Deep Sea Water Research Center.

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