energy & matter
DESCRIPTION
Energy & Matter. Chapter 11. Ecosystem Function. One-way flow of energy. Cycling of matter. Matter and Energy Flow in Ecosystems. Food chains. Food webs. Trophic levels. Agave. Agave. Prickly pear cactus. Prickly pear cactus. Roadrunner. Roadrunner. Diamondback rattlesnake. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Energy & Matter
Chapter 11
Ecosystem Function
One-way flowof energy
Cycling ofmatter
Matter and Energy Flow in EcosystemsFood chains Food webs
TrophicTrophiclevelslevels
Producer to primaryconsumer
Primaryto secondaryconsumer
Secondary tohigher-levelconsumer
All producers andconsumers todecomposers
Fungi
Gambel'squail
Red-tailed hawk
Collaredlizard
Jackrabbit
Yucca
Kangaroo ratKangaroo rat
AgaveAgave
RoadrunnerRoadrunner
Diamondback rattlesnakeDiamondback rattlesnakeDarklingbeetleDarklingbeetle
BacteriaBacteria
Pricklypearcactus
Pricklypearcactus
Ecological Pyramids Pyramid of
energy flow
Ecologicalefficiency (10%)
Pyramid ofbiomass
Pyramid ofnumbers
Ecological Efficiency 48 different
studies - range of 2 to 24% trophic level transfer efficiencies
Average was 10.13%
Energy Productivity of EcosystemsPrimary productivity
Secondary productivity
Energy stored/area/timeEnergy stored/area/time
Matter Cycling in Ecosystems
-Biogeochemical or nutrient cycles
-Hydrologic cycle (H2O)
-Atmospheric or gaseous cycles (C, N)
-Sedimentary cycles (P, S)
Hydrologic (Water) Cycle
Driven by physical forcesDriven by physical forces
The Carbon Cycle
Driven by biological forces:Driven by biological forces:photosynthesis and respirationphotosynthesis and respiration
The Nitrogen Cycle
Driven by biological forces: bacteriaDriven by biological forces: bacteria
Root nodulesRoot noduleson legumeson legumes
CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria
The Phosphorus Cycle
Driven by physical forcesDriven by physical forces