energy resources and supply options

7/30/2019 Energy Resources and Supply Options

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Presentation Topic

Energy Resources and supply opt ions ( local

Regional, Nation al, Global)

Subject:Energy and Envornment

Group members

Athar Muhammad Khan(09-MS-TSE-05)

Farukh Fayyaz(07-MS-IME-14)


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Energy resources

Energy resources are generally defined as

anything that can be used as a source of energy.

Some important energy resources are oil,

natural gas and coal. Access to energyresources is vital to economic development and

prosperity


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Classification of Energy resources

Non-renewable or Conventional Energy

Resources

Renewable or Non-conventional Energy

Resources


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Non-renewable or Conventional Energy

Resources

Resources which are in limited amounts and cannot be

renewed are called non-renewable energy resources.

Fossil fuels like coal and petroleum are some examples.

Petroleum products are energy-rich components ofcarbon which have undergone anaerobic degradation

with the help of sun's energy.


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Renewable or Non-conventional Energy

Resources Renewable energy resources are solar radiation, wind

power, hydel power, biomass and nuclear power. Theycan be recycled and renewed by nature. For mostrenewable sources there is no inherent storagecapability therefore must be integrated into electrical

network. Electricity can be supplied either by transmission or

through batteries in stored form

Independent fuel supply and price variability and arethereby economically less risky

Renewable resources are more uniformly distributedgeographically than fossil fuel providing indigenousresource for energy most fuel poor nations


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World Reserves of Oil


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World Reserves of Coal


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Energy supply Energy supply is the delivery of fuels or transformed

fuels to point of consumption. It potentiallyencompasses the extraction, transmission, generation,distribution and storage of fuels.

Energy supply is the total amount of usable energyavailable to people for doing work. We use forms of

energy to operate machinery; to heat and cool ourhomes and offices; to cook; to provide light; and totransport people and goods. Heat energy is the mostcommonly used form of energy.Energy may be obtained directly from an energysource, as when people burn wood to produce heat.

Energy may also be obtained indirectly. For example, ata power plant, oil is burned to create steam and thatsteam produced is used to power a generator which isused for electricity.


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Energy supply cntd.

The sources of supply are usually physically remote from theultimate user. Colombian coal is shipped to Europe on an oil-fired vessel, and burned in a power station to light the lamps ofLondon. A vast number of other energy sources contributed to

the infrastructure which makes this possible, from the tungstenin the lamp filament to the glass that surrounds it. This is oftencalled "embodied energy", and its costs, as much as the directcosts of supply, determine economic choices which consumersmay make.


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Energy supply cntd.

About 85 percent of all commercial energy comes frompetroleum, coal, and natural gas. Petroleum, coal, andnatural gas are called fossil fuels because theydeveloped from the fossilized remains of prehistoricplants.

The earth contains only a limited supply offossil fuels.But the amount offossil fuel burned by people toproduce energy has nearly doubled every 20 years since1900. It is projected that soon, the supply will run out.Scientists and engineers are working to develop other

sources of energy.
http://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/natural_gas.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/natural_gas.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/fossil_fuel.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/fossil_fuel.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/fossil_fuel.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/fossil_fuel.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/fossil_fuel.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/fossil_fuel.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/natural_gas.htmlhttp://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/natural_gas.html


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Fuel SupplyFossil fuels are supplied in certain ways,

Coal can be supplied by rails, trucks and also can be

shipped .

oil can be supplied through pipe lines, storage tankers etc

and can also be shipped.

Gas can be supplied through pipe lines or through storage

cylinders. LNG carriers transport liquefied natural gas (LNG)

across oceans, while tanks trucks can carry liquefied or (CNG)

over shorter distances. Sea transport using CNG carrier ships

that are now under development may be competitive with LNGtransport in specific conditions.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNG_carrierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LNG_carrier


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Energy source selection

Energy source selection depends on certain factors.

Which sources are chosen depends on what history has

established in terms of capital equipment and habit as it

does on economics, considerations of supply integrity orother policy concerns. The nature of the economy itself,

shifting from primary production to the service economy,

changes both the quantity and type of energy used. The

scale of economic activity largely determines how muchenergy is employed in it.


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Energy supply problems

By the year 2100, the world's commercial energysystem will be replaced at least twice, which offers

opportunities to change the present energy system in

step with the normal timing of the corresponding

investments, using emerging technologies inenvironmentally sound ways. Therefore, this

assessment focuses on the performance of these

emerging technologies

With an increase in population comes an increase in

electric and chemical power consumption


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Energy supply problems cntd.

One of the most pressing problems facing humankind

today is the lack of long-term assurance of energy

supplies. Most energy resources in use are finite; there

are only so many coal, oil, and natural gas reserves

that can be tapped-and those reserves are not

bottomless in quantity. The limit is fast approaching, as

technology demands higher and higher levels of what

resources are available


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Energy supply problems cntd.

The planet abounds with low quality energy sources, but

the high utility sources of supply are located in a

relatively few countries. This degree of concentration is

increasing. Oil production is in the hands of a price-fixing

cartel. Gas supplies operate along tenuous thread-likepipelines, often passing through areas prone to anything

from armed uprisings to banditry. Many of the energy-

rich states are generically unstable, and importing

nations must therefore be concerned about supplysecurity.


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Four structural issues with which we should concernourselves.

First, how is growth to continue without causing dangerousconsequences through pollution?

Second, how are the developing countries to achieve theenergy-related investment that they need, both to grow andnot to pollute?

Third, how is supply diversity to be achieved so as to avoidsource-related disruption, and also the economic impact ofrising costs of supply?

Fourth - less a question than a statement - energy supply

will cost more than it did in the past. Not only are the"easy" energy sources nearly exhausted, but demand isset to grow, and overheads - such as pollutionmanagement - are also going to increase.


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Thank you

energy resources and supply options

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