energy transformations an intro to energy conversions in living things molecular biology sumner high...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Energy Transformations
An intro to energy conversions in living things
Molecular Biology Sumner High School
Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater
![Page 2: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Big Question
What is the relationship between life, matter and energy?
![Page 3: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Our two first definitions
Energy: The capacity to do work.Examples: Energy stored in gasoline to make a car go, food to supply energy for motion.
Food: Molecules that contain energy that can be converted into a useable form in organisms.
Where is the energy stored?Within strong covalent bonds.
![Page 4: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Glucose: C6H12O6
![Page 5: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Two categories of energy
Potential Energy: stored energy and the energy of position
ChemicalNuclearGravitationalStored mechanical
![Page 6: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The other form...
Kinetic Energy: the energy of motionMotion… duhRadiant (electromagnetic waves… aka light energy)SoundThermal (heat)Electrical
![Page 7: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Quick Check
Which of the following is an example of potential energy?
A)The sound of a teacher’s voice
B)Warmth from a heater
C)Sugar
D)Radio signal from a remote control
Answer: C
![Page 8: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What types of PE, KE and energy transformations are in this
pic?
![Page 9: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
#8. Identify one energy transformation…
![Page 10: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
My list...
Potential EnergyDiver waiting to jump: gravitationalPeople: chemical Sun: nuclear
Kinetic EnergyDiver: motionPeople: sound & thermalSun: thermal & radiantOcean: motion
Energy ConversionsDiver: gravitational (PE) to motion (KE)People: chemical (PE) into thermal, sound & motion (KEs)Sun: nuclear (PE) into thermal & radiant (KEs)
![Page 11: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Next Question
Do these forms of energy always stay in the same form?
No, they can be transformed from one type to another.
Energy transformation = changing one form of energy into other forms as a result of some event or process.
![Page 12: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Energy Transformations
Remember: energy cannot be…We don’t really “use” energy, we just alter the form or type
Especially in living systems
![Page 13: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A mental inquiry...
What are the energy transformations done by an iPod?
List the transformation and the start and end energy types.
Foundation level: transformations done by the iPod itself (general types of energy: potential & kinetic)
Challenge level: include transformations that happen several steps before/after the iPod (detailed types of energy)
![Page 14: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The iPod inquiry
Foundation Level: Electricity stored in battery (kinetic to potential)Battery powers light (potential to kinetic)Battery powers headphones (potential to kinetic)
Any ideas for Challenge Level?
![Page 15: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Thermodynamics
These are the laws of energy
First Law of Thermodynamics: “Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed.”
Also known as the principle of conservation of energy.
Key idea: there is a fixed amount of energy in the universe.
Example: Plants do not produce energy; they transform light energy to chemical energy.
![Page 16: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Thermodynamics
Second Law: every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy (randomness or “chaos”) of the universe.
Things are going from being organized to random.
Key idea: No transformation is 100% efficient.
Energy flows towards making more heat, which is the energy of random molecular motion.
Example: nuclear energy of the sun is converted into radiant AND thermal energy
![Page 17: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Harnessing Energy
20%20%Musc
leC
ontr
act
ion
Musc
leC
ontr
act
ion
60%60%
Heat
Heat
40%40%
Use
able
by c
ell
Use
able
by c
ell
100%100%
Tota
l E in
Glu
cose
Tota
l E in
Glu
cose
![Page 18: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Summarize...
Plan to take 2-3 minutes to silently summarize all of the information so far into one big idea (20 word max?)
I will quasi-randomly call on you to share so we can hear from a variety of people.
![Page 19: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
My summary...
Living systems transform energy between various forms by controlling the rearrangement of molecules.
![Page 20: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Energy conversions in cell processes...
Photosynthesis in the _____________: (organelle name)
Radiant energy (KE) → chemical energy (PE)
Cellular respiration in the _____________:
(organelle name)
Chemical energy (glucose / PE) → chemical energy (ATP / PE) → motion (KE)
![Page 21: Energy Transformations An intro to energy conversions in living things Molecular Biology Sumner High School Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by K. Slater](https://reader037.vdocument.in/reader037/viewer/2022110206/56649cee5503460f949bc368/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Energy Sources...
Create a list of as many types of energy that you can think of (including those in today’s PPT)
For each type of energy, identify it as potential or kinetic energy