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AmazonYou need to know
AmazonLegal
61%of Brazil
- Administrative political concept adopted in the 50's
- Includes 9 states – Acre, Amapá, Pará, Amazonas, Rondônia, Roraima, Mato Grosso, Tocantins e Maranhão and 3 biomes – Amazon and parts of Cerrado and Pantanal
- All deforestation and fire data are reported by Brazil as Legal Amazon
Source: IBGE – Geoscience (Map of biomes and vegetation). Last available data.
( )5.2million km 2
( )4.2
49%of Brazil
million km
Source: IBGE – Geoscience (Map of biomes and vegetation). Last available data.
Area where the Amazon Rainforest is
2
AmazonBiome
84%is covered with native vegetation
Source: Territorial Embrapa (Strategic Territorial Intelligence Group - GITE). Last available data.
AmazonBiome
3.52 million km2
of native forest, the largest remaining rainforest on the planet, equivalent to the area of 15 European countries combinedSource: IBGE-Geoscience; IBGE-Countries; Embrapa
Territorial (GITE). Last available data.
Native Vegetation=France
Spain
Poland UkraineBelgium
Neth
erlands
Germany
Italy
Suíça
Czech Republic
Austria Hungary
Croatia
Slovakia
Port
ugal
AmazonBiome
49%is in areas
protected by law (conservation units
and indigenous reserves)
is privately owned
is in unregistered areas
Source: Embrapa Territorial (Strategic Territorial Intelligence Group - GITE), latest available data.
25%
26%
Native Vegetation
AmazonBiome
All private properties in Brazil are governed by the Brazilian Forest Code, one of the most advanced environmental laws in the world.
Private property in the Amazon
MANDATORY CONSERVATION
80%20%
In the case of the Amazon biome, the code determines the preservation of 80% of native vegetation
Private Properties
AmazonBiome
30
Tho
usan
d km
2
25
20
15
10
17.318.2 18.2
21.7
25.4
27.8
11.7 12.9
7.5 7.0 6.4 6.27.9
6.9 7.5
3.9255
19992000
20012002
20032004
20052006
20072008
20092010
20112012
20132014
20152016
20172018
2020 GoalCopenhagen
agreement
19.0
14.3
4.65.9
5.0
Deforestation Series in the Legal Amazon
deforestation Fight against In the last decades, Brazil has intensified
a set of public policies to combat deforestation
Source: IBGE-Geoscience (Map of biomes and vegetation) and INPE, extracted on 28/08/19. Last available data.
Last 20 years average - 12.6
Last 10 years average – 6.5
Average deforestation between 1999-2018 (thousand km2)
Deforestation(thousand km2)
Average deforestation between 2009-2018 (thousand km2)
is within the historical average Although deforestation
must be met in the Copenhagen agreement
the goal set
FiresFires in the Legal Amazon is a typical dry season phenomenon that recurs annually. They may be associated with human action or natural causes
Fires occur predominantly in Cerrado areas, transition environments and already open areas
08.30.2019
risk of burns predicted by INPE
Undefined Minimum Medium Low High
firesCritical
Source: INPE - August 30, 2019 Daily Newsletter
Risk of
19992000
20012002
20032004
20052006
20072008
20092010
20112012
20132014
20152016
20172018
2019 Until
August 27
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
Num
ber o
f bur
ning
spot
s
Burning spotsin Legal Amazon Annual Series
Last 20 years average – 148,501
Last 10 years average – 119,348
Average burning spots between 1999-2018
Burning spots in the year
Average burning spots between 2009-2019
Note: Series of total active spots detected by the reference satellite from 1999 to 27 August 2019.
Source: INPE - Fires Program, 2019.
Average burning spots between 1999-2018 (Jan-Aug)
Burning spots in the year (Jan-Aug)
Average burning spots between 2009-2019 (Jan-Aug)
1999 (Jan-A
ug)
2000 (Jan-A
ug)
2001 (Jan-A
ug)
2002 (Jan-A
ug)
2003 (Jan-A
ug)
2004 (Jan-A
ug)
2005 (Jan-A
ug)
2006 (Jan-A
ug)
2007 (Jan-A
ug)
2008 (Jan-A
ug)
2009 (Jan-A
ug)
2010 (Jan-A
ug)
2011 (Jan-A
ug)
2012 (Jan-A
ug)
2013 (Jan-A
ug)
2014 (Jan-A
ug)
2015 (Jan-A
ug)
2016 (Jan-A
ug)
2017 (Jan-A
ug)
2018 (Jan-A
ug)
2019 (Jan-A
ug)
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
Bur
ning
spot
s in
the
year
January to August Series
Last 20 years average – 57,432
Last 10 years average – 47,030
Burning spotsin Legal Amazon
Note: Series of total active spots detected by the reference satellite from 1999 to 27 August 2019.
Source: INPE - Fires Program, 2019.
Average burning spots between 1999-2018 (August)
Burning spots in the year(August)
Average burning spots between 2009-2019 (August)
Aug/1999
Aug/2000
Aug/2001
Aug/2002
Aug/2003
Aug/2004
Aug/2005
Aug/2006
Aug/2007
Aug/2008
Aug/2009
Aug/2010
Aug/2011
Aug/2012
Aug/2013
Aug/2014
Aug/2015
Aug/2016
Aug/2017
Aug/2018
Aug/2019
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
Bur
ning
spot
s in
the
year
August Only Series
Last 20 years average – 34,646
Last 10 years average – 27,791
Burning spotsin Legal Amazon
Note: Series of total active spots detected by the reference satellite from 1999 to 27 August 2019.
Source: INPE - Fires Program, 2019.
Fires vs. deforestation
1999
250
200
150
100
50
0
20002001
20022003
20042005
20062007
20082009
20102011
20122013
20142015
20162017
2018
350
300
Focos queimadas (1999 = 100)
Desmatamento (1999 = 100)
Source: INPE. Fiesp elaboration
Burning spotsDeforestation
(1999=100)
Bas
e In
dex
100
= 19
99
different dynamics
Although they are around the historical average,
the reduction of burning spots
Qualifying information and understanding in which situations it occurs is an urgent and fundamental action to define reduction strategies
must be pursued.
Burning Spots
International
Brazil participates in the main global agreements in force in the environmental area since the 1960s
Brazil's commitment to 2020 is set out in the Copenhagen Agreement of 2009
agreementsclimate
Reduction of CO2 Emissions
Commitment: Reduce Emissions by 1.24 Gigatons
How we are: The deforestation reduction in the Amazon and Cerrado alone has mitigated CO2 emissions by 2.28 Gigatons
Deforestation reduction in the Amazon
Commitment: 80% reduction over 2004 rate
How we are: We reduced by 73%
until 2020Main actions
(Copenhagen)
Source: INPE 2018 and Informative Note from MMA 2019
International
agreementsclimate
The Paris Agreement has already been signed and ratified,
Brazil is already doing its part:
Source: MME
with goals for 2025 and 2030.
Commitment
Increased participation of biofuels in the energy matrix (Renovabio)
Percentage of renewables in the energy matrix
Increased share of renewables in energy matrix. except hydroelectric
18%45%
> 28%
17.4%45.3%32.7%
2030 Goal Already done in 2018
MatrixEnergyBrazil has the cleanest and most diverse energetic matrix on the planet 45%
10%
14%
renewable sources
OECD
World
Brazil
other sources
renewable sources
renewable sources
other sources
other sources
Source: Energy Research Company (EPE) of the Ministry of Mines and Energy. National Energy Balance - 2019 (base year 2018)
In the last decades, Brazil has built one of the most robust sets of norms and laws in the world to ensure the sustainable production and rational use of its natural resources.
Additionally, we have private initiatives in the main production chains that reinforce this commitment
FrameworkLegal
Monitoring
Brazil has invested and developed very sophisticated systems to monitor everything that goes on in the Amazon. Today, different agencies monitor the region such as INPE, EMBRAPA, IBGE and CENSIPAM
Official databases are able to show in detail everything that goes on. And these technologies advance every day. They will be increasingly effective
São Gabrielda Cachoeira
BoaVista
Tefé Manaus
Tiriós
MacapáBelém
Imperatriz
São Félixdo Xingú
Mancoré
Tabatinga
Conceição doAraguaia
Sinop
Cachimbó
JacareacangaCruzeiro
do SulEirunepê Porto
Velho
Vilhena
PortoEsperidião
São Félixdo Araguaia
RioBranco
GuajaráMirim
SantarémSão
Luis
SIPAM radar system
Technology
ProducePreserve and
Brazil is a global leader in tropical forest conservation, has the cleanest and most diversified energy matrix and still manages to be the largest net food exporter to the world, reaching over 200 markets
We preserve and produce with excellence and quality
must be restrained Illegal deforestation
with sustainable public policies that generate income, access to technology and strengthening of monitoring and enforcement actions
AmazonLegal
29 millions of people concentrated
in urban areas61%of the territory
14%of the population
Legal Amazon Brazil
6 inhabitants/km2 22 inhabitants/km2
Source: IBGE-Geoscience and Population Estimation, 2019 and UN (Population Division). Latest data available.
is necessaryHarmonic coexistence
Standing forest Economic activities
+ +Families
wellbeing
The Federation of Industries of the State of São Paulo conducted this analysis of the Amazon based on public data and primary sources of information in order to participate in the public debate and bring light to the information that has been circulating on the subject, often in a mismatched manner.
Sources consulted
Amazon Protection System Management and Operational Center - CENSIPAM Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - EMBRAPA Energy Research Company - EPE São Paulo State Federation of Industries - FIESP Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE National Institute of Meteorology - INMET National Institute for Space Research - INPE Ministry of Mines and Energy - MME Ministry of Environment - MMA United Nations - UN
Federation of Industries of the State of São Paulo