eng100bc comparecontrast caps frags run-ons shifts

8/13/2019 Eng100BC Comparecontrast Caps Frags Run-Ons Shifts

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Compare/Contrast essayCapitalization

FragmentsRun-onsShiftsEnglish 100BC


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Scooby vs Snoopy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2mhDhB9xkQ

Watch the videoHow does the creator create interest

in the subject?

What points of compare/contrast

does the creator use?

How is each charactersimilar/different in each point ofcompare/contrast?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2mhDhB9xkQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2mhDhB9xkQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2mhDhB9xkQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2mhDhB9xkQ


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Comparison/Contrast Essay

What are the four basics of a good

comparison/contrast essay? It uses subjects that have enough in common to

be compared/contrasted in a useful way.

It serves a purpose.

to help readers make a decision about thesubjects

to help readers understand the subjects

to show your understanding of the subjects It presents several important, parallel points of

comparison/contrast.

It arranges points in a logical order.


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What two ideas should the thesis statement ina compare/contrast essay include?

The subjects being compared/contrasted

The main point of the comparison/contrast

What are two ways to organizecompare/contrast essays?

Point-by-point

Whole-to-whole


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Point-By-Point Outline

Emphasizes individual points rather thansubject as a whole

Alternate between subject A and subject B

Must decide how to order points...end with

strongest or most significant


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Whole-to-Whole (subject-to-subject)Outline

Best for short essays

All subject A is discussed, then all subject B

Points of comparison/contrast presented insame order and in same grammatical form

Not good for long essays or complicatedsubjects (readers cant remember)


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Mixed Pattern Outline

Best for very long pieces of writing

Provides variety

Can make points more vivid for reader

Used in magazines, newspapers for flexibilityand variety

Not recommended for student writers


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Scooby vs Snoopy

Watch the video

How does the creator create interest

in the subject?

What points of compare/contrastdoes the creator use?

How is each charactersimilar/different in each point ofcompare/contrast?


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Compare Contrast Topic

Choose two characters

Must have obvious

similarities/differences

Brainstorm


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Steps for writing a compare/contrast essay1. Choose a prewriting technique.

Must answer the question: How are thesubjects alike and different?

Venn Diagram

Two-Column List

List specific examples to show readers the

similarities and differences between the twosubjects.

Complete graphic organizer


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Steps for writing a compare/contrast essay2. Planning

Must answer the question: Which would workbest, point-by-point or whole-to-whole

organization?

Complete sentence outline


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Break 5-10 minutes

Up next Capitalization

Fragments

Run-ons

Shifts


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Giving Examples

Groups of 3

Give one example of something that shouldbe capitalized

Give one example of a sentence fragment

Give one example of a fused run-on sentence

Give one example of a comma-splice run-on

Give an example of a shift

Hold on to these


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Choose a corner

Which do you struggle with the most capitalization, fragments, run-ons, or shifts?

As a group, discuss your problem. Why is thissomething that you struggle with? Whatabout it is difficult or frustrating for you?

Write one or two of the groups discussionpoints on the board.


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Capitalization

Always capitalize the first word in a directquote.

The manager yelled, be quiet or get out!

When a quote is broken, the second partis not capitalized unless it is a new

sentence.Lets not, he stated, Make any quick

decisions.


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Capitalization

Capitalize a persons name (or initials)and any title that comes before thename.

At that point senator h.b. Jones anddoctor joyce ray entered the room.

Always capitalize the days of the weekand months of the year. Do NOT

capitalize the seasons.

His birthday is friday, october 2, but mineis in the Summer.


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Capitalization

Always capitalize the names of races,nationalities, languages, and religions.

The african american man was a baptist

and the spaniard was a catholic.Capitalize words describing the Deity

God, the Savior, the Lord, Jehovah andholy books

catholics study the bible.


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Capitalization

Do not capitalize the nonspecific use ofthe word god.

The word polytheistic means the

worship of more than one God.Always capitalize geographical areas, but

not directions.

He found the pace of life slower in thesouth than in the north.

He was traveling South on the interstate.


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Capitalization

Capitalize the first word and otherimportant words in the name of abook,play, poem, or song.

Jerrys favorite book is the catcher in the

rye.

Capitalize the name of historic events andperiods. Do not capitalize century

numbers.It is often said that the second world war

ushered in the atomic age.


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Capitalization

Capitalize the names of specific buildings,specific places, specific organizations,and specific things.

Radio city music hall is located in newyour city.


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Exercise 20.1 Capitalization

1. At the turn of a new century and a newMillennium, many people reflected onhistorical changes that had taken place in theprevious hundred years.

millennium

2. In the late 1990s, Americans began makinglists reflecting their choices of the greatestEvents, Literature, people, and Films of the

century.

events, literature, films


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3. Most Americans would agree that the twoWorld Wars shaped the twentieth centuryand this countrys role in it.

world wars

4. List makers might, however, dispute theimportance of Ulyssesor Gone with the wind.

Wind

5. Between the beginning and the end of the

twentieth century, the United States changedfrom a minor player in global politics into thesingle undisputed World Power.

world power


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6. Technology also advanced dramatically in the century oftelevision, the apollospace missions, and personal

computers.

Apollo

7. Of course, technology was sometimes used for evilpurposes, as the holocaust and nuclear weapons proved.

Holocaust


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8. Some people would even argue that a

significant feature of the century was anincreasing concern for the environment inthe United States, in Europe, and in parts ofthe Former Soviet Union, among other

places.in, former

9. The trend toward urbanization saw peoplemoving from rural areas to cities, with the

result in this country that the great plainsgrew emptier while the Coasts populationincreased.

Great Plains, coasts


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10. Only historical distance will reveal whetherthe twentieth century was The best oftimes or The worst of times.

the, the


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Eng 100BCFragments


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Fragments

A sentence is a group of words that has three

elements:

Subject

Verb

And a Complete thought

A fragment seems to be a complete sentence butit lacks either a

Subject

Verb

Or a complete thought.


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Fragments

What are the five trouble spots that signalpossible fragments?

A word group that begins with a(n)

Preposition


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Spotting Fragments

A word group that begins with a preposition

I pounded as hard as I could. Against thedoor.

*correct by joining*

I pounded as hard as I could against the door.


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Spotting Fragments



Preposition

Dependent word


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Spotting Fragments



Preposition

Dependent word

-ing verb form

to and a verb


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Spotting Fragments

A word group that begins with to and a verb

Cheri got underneath the car. To change the oil.


Cheri got underneath the car to change the oil.

To change the oil, Cheri got underneath the car.

*correct by adding elements*

Cheri got underneath the car. She needed to changethe oil.


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Spotting Fragments



Preposition

Dependent word

-ing verb form

to and a verb

an example or explanation


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Spotting Fragments

Word groups that are examples or explanations

Freecycle.com recycles usable items. Such asclothing.


Freecycle.com recycles usable items such as

clothing.


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Ex. 3.1 Sentence Fragments

1. There are older and more valuablemanuscripts. Than the Voynich.

There are older and more valuable manuscriptsthan the Voynich.

2. However, there is none more mysterious. TheVoynich still puzzling scholars many yearsafter its discovery.

However, there is none more mysterious. The

Voynich is still puzzling scholars many yearsafter its discovery.


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3. This manuscript was written in a code. So farunable to solve it.

This manuscript was written in a code. So far noone has been able to solve it.

4. Because the origins of the manuscript areunclear; the puzzle is doubly difficult.

Because the origins of the manuscript areunclear, the puzzle is doubly difficult.


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5. No one knows. What country it came from.No one knows what country it came from.

6. Therefore, it very hard to determine thelanguage the code represents. This makes

decoding it even more troublesome.

Therefore, it is very hard to determine thelanguage the code represents. This makesdecoding it even more troublesome.


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7. Handwriting specialists can only guess at its

age. It may date back to the Middle Ages.

correct

8. The writing does not resemble. Any letters

that can be traced to a known alphabet.The writing does not resemble any letters that

can be traced to a known alphabet.


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9. The manuscript which contains manybeautiful illustrations. Of plants, people, andother seemingly unrelated images.

The manuscript contains many beautifulillustrations. It depicts plants, people, andother seemingly unrelated images.


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10. Because the Voynich manuscript is such an

intriguing mystery. That some scholars mightactually be disappointed to learn all of itssecrets.

The Voynich manuscript is such an intriguing

mystery that some scholars might actually bedisappointed to learn all of its secrets.


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Eng 100Run-ons

Students will be able toIndentify and correct run-on

sentences.


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Run-Ons

1. Whats another name for a sentence?

Independent clause

2. What term describes two completesentences joined without any punctuation?

Fused sentence

All of us went to the movies Jack and Joan didnot stay long.


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Run-Ons

4. What are the five ways to correct run-ons?

Add a period

All of us went to the movies. Jack and Joan didnot stay long.

Add a semicolon

All of us went to the movies; Jack and Joan didnot stay long.

Add a semicolon, a conjunctive adverb, and acomma

All of us went to the movies; however, Jackand Joan did not stay long.


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Ex. 4.1 Run-On Sentences

1. Mae West began as a child star the career ofBaby Mae took off when she performed at alocal Brooklyn theaters amateur night.

Mae West began as a child star. The career of

Baby Mae took off when she performed at alocal Brooklyn theaters amateur night.

2. At the age of nineteen, West beganperforming on Broadway she shocked

audiences in 1911.

At the age of nineteen, West began performingon Broadway; she shocked audiences in 1911.


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5. West was not satisfied for long with thetheatrical roles she was offered writing herown plays was one way to find good parts.

West was not satisfied for long with the

theatrical roles she was offered; writing herown plays was one way to find good parts.

6. In 1925, she wrote a play called Sex, noproducer she contacted would bring it to the

stage.In 1925, she wrote a play called Sex, but no

producer she contacted would bring it to thestage.

E 4 1 R O S t


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7. The following year, West produced the play

herself, advertisements for Sexwere banned.

The following year, when West produced theplay herself, advertisements for Sexwerebanned.

8. Nevertheless, the show played for ninemonths until it was closed down by the Societyfor the Suppression of Vice, West was arrestedand spent eight days in jail.

Nevertheless, the show played for nine monthsuntil it was closed down by the Society for theSuppression of Vice. West was arrested andspent eight days in jail.


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9. In the 1930s and 1940s, Mae West took her naughtyhumor to Hollywood, while there she made a series ofhit films and often wrote her own screenplays.

In the 1930s and 1940s, Mae West took her naughty

humor to Hollywood. While there she made a series ofhit films and often wrote her own screenplays.

10. West made her final films in the 1970s by that time,Americans found her less scandalous, but her name wasstill a household word.

West made her final films in the 1970s. By that timeAmericans found her less scandalous, but her name wasstill a household word.


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ShiftsEnglish 100BC


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Eliminate distracting shifts

These distract or confuse readers

Point of view

Verb tense

Mood or voice Statements to questions


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Make the POV consistent in person


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Make the POV consistent in person& number

Our class practiced rescuing a victim trappedin a wrecked car. We learned to dismantlethe car with the essential tools. You were

graded on your speed and your skill in

freeing the victim.Our class practiced rescuing a victim trapped

in a wrecked car. We learned to dismantlethe car with the essential tools. You were

graded on yourspeed and yourskill infreeing the victim.


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Make verbs consistent in mood &


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Make verbs consistent in mood &voice

Three moods in English

Indicative is used for facts, opinions, questions

Imperative is used for orders or advice

Subjunctive is used to express wishes orconditions contrary to fact

The counselor advised us to spread out our corerequirements over two or three semester. Also,

pay attention to pre-requisites for elective

courses.

The counselor advised us to spread out our corerequirements over two or three semester. She also

suggested that we pay attention to pre-requisitesfor elective courses.

Make verbs consistent in mood &


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Make verbs consistent in mood &voice

Each student completes a self-assessment.The self-assessment is then given to theteacher and a copy is exchanged with aclassmate.

Each student completes a self-assessment,gives it to the teacher, and exchanges acopy with a classmate.

Avoid sudden shifts from


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Avoid sudden shifts fromstatements to questions

Indirect question: We asked whether wecould visit Miriam

Direct question: Can we visit Miriam?

1. I wonder whether Karla knew of the theftand, if so, whether she reported it to thepolice.

2. I wonder whether Karla knew of the theft

and, if so, did she report it to the police?1. I wonder whether Karla knew of the theft

and, if so, whether she reported it to thepolice.

Avoid sudden shifts from


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Avoid sudden shifts fromstatements to questions

1. The patient said she had beenexperiencing heart palpitations and couldthe doctor please run as many tests as

possible to find out whats wrong.

2. The patient said she had beenexperiencing heart palpitations and askedme to run as many tests as possible to findout what was wrong.

2. The patient said she had beenexperiencing heart palpitations and askedme to run as many tests as possible to findout what was wrong.

E i 8 1 Shift


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Exercise 8.1 Shifts

1. West African villages have strong oral traditions inwhich the younger people are told stories by theirparents and grandparents.

West African villages have strong oral traditions in whichparents and grandparents tell the younger people

stories.

2. Way back before the Revolutionary War, slave tradersforced ancestors of the people from those villages to

come to the United States.Before the Revolutionary War, slave traders forced

ancestors of the people from those villages to come tothe United States.

E i 8 1 Shift


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Exercise 8.1 Shifts

3. In their difficult new situation in this country, theAfricans adapted their stories so that you could learnfrom them.

In their difficult new situation in this country, the

Africans adapted their stories so that people couldlearn from them.

4. Although different stories had different messages, one

kind of character comes up over and over again.Although different stories had different messages, one

kind of character came up over and over again.

E e cise 8 1 Shifts


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Exercise 8.1 Shifts

5. The character is cunning and clever; call him atrickster.

The character is cunning and clever; he is a trickster.

6. The stories about BrerRabbit are good examples offolktales whose hero was a trickster.

The stories about BrerRabbit are good examples offolktales whose hero is a trickster.

Exercise 8 1 Shifts


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Exercise 8.1 Shifts

7. Many of the other animals want to gobble up BrerRabbit, who has only his wits to protect him.

Many of the other animals want to eat BrerRabbit, who

has only his wits to protect him.

8. Yet in every story, BrerRabbit not only escapes, buthis enemies are made to appear foolish by him as well.

Yet in every story, BrerRabbit not only escapes, but hemakes his enemies appear foolish as well.

Exercise 8 1 Shifts


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Exercise 8.1 Shifts

9. Trickster characters like BrerRabbit showed slaves

who heard these stories that they, too, could triumphby using cleverness when foes surround them.

Trickster characters like BrerRabbit showed slaves whoheard these stories that they, too, could triumph byusing cleverness when foes surrounded them.

10. Today, folklorists are exploring how did early AfricanAmericans encourage each other by telling stories oftricksters outsmarting powerful enemies.

Today, folklorists are exploring how early AfricanAmericans encouraged each other by telling stories oftricksters outsmarting powerful enemies.

For next week...


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For next week...

Quiz #1 Read Chapter 8 pgs. 420-435

Complete worksheets on wordy sentences;word choice; concrete, specific detail;

figures of speech

eng100bc comparecontrast caps frags run-ons shifts

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