engine deterioration

ICAO / Transport Canada Conference Aircraft PanelMontreal, 20-21 September 2006

Engine Deteriorationand Maintenance Actions

Ivan HutterMarketing ManagerGE Aviation

2GE – Aviation; ICAO

20-21 September 2006

• Performance Deterioration

• Maintenance Actions

• Fuel efficient design trends

Measures for fuel and emissions reduction – engines

Engine performance



Cruise fuel mileage deteriorates over engine on wing life

• Dirt accumulation

• Mechanical wear & erosion

Cruise fuel mileage deterioration

0 1 2 3 4

Years in service

C

CRZFF

Δ



EGT margin (EGTM) to measure engine performance deterioration

Thrust – N1

EGT

EGT to achieve thrustEGT Limit T/O

EGTM

EGTM deterioration

Flight cycles

Goo

d

Cyc

les

SFC



What impacts deterioration?

EGTM deterioration

Flight cycles

T/OEGTM

Goo

d

• Flight legs/cycle

• Environmental factors

• Derate

• Overhaul - Workscope planning- Material Quality

• On Wing Maintenance

Maintenance Actions

- Diagnostic trending

- Core wash



GE provides diagnostic support for 60% of its operating engines

OperatorAction

TrendingTrending

AlertingAlerting

Fault IsolationFault Isolation

Engine DataEngine Data

GE Product Support

Diagnostic Analysis



-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

24-Jan-2002 13-Feb-2002 05-Mar-2002 25-Mar-2002 14-Apr-2002 04-May-2002 24-May-2002 13-Jun-2002 03-Jul-2002 23-Jul-2002

FLIGHT DATETIME

DEL

TA F

UEL

FLO

W A

T C

RU

ISE

GWFM

TRENDDATA

• Performance shift detected

• Operating limits not approached

• Maintenance actionrecovered 1.3% fuel flow on wingFlight dates

Cru

ise

Fuel

Flo

wIn-flight diagnostic trending to recover fuel efficiency on wing



Takeoff EGT Hot Day Margin Vs Flight Date Time

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

5/24/2002 0:00 12/10/20020:00

6/28/2003 0:00 1/14/2004 0:00 8/1/2004 0:00 2/17/2005 0:00 9/5/2005 0:00 3/24/2006 0:00

Flight Date Time

Take

off E

GT

Hot

Day

Mar

gin

(°C

)

Flight cycles

EG

TM

EGTM recovery 5-15οC

Cor

e w

ash

Cor

e w

ash

Keeping the gas path clean improves fuel economy and on wing lifeEngine core wash



In-flight diagnostic data show regular core wash delivers fuel economy

Cycles

Cru

ise

Fuel

Flo

w

Det

erio

ratio

n

No core wash

Regular core wash

Goo

d

Aircraft fuel savings~1.3% ~ $200k*

*$2/gallon

TM



GE Customer & Product Support assist to optimize fuel efficiency

AMM Core wash updates

• Reduced dry out run

• Idle wash – no dry out- no effluent

• VSV/VBV driver

• Procedural simplification

Program optimization

• Diagnostic solutions

• CRZ FF/TOW benefit

• Environmental impact

• Select procedure

• Determine frequency

CF6

TM

Fuel efficient design trends



New generation engines offer big fuel efficiency gains and lower emissions

-15%

Installed thrust

Spe

cific

Fue

l Con

sum

ptio

n

CF6



Fuel efficient, balanced design

Hardware • Swept fan aerodynamics• 3D aero HPC airfoils• Advanced alloys,

coatings

Configuration• 80% increase in BPR• 30% increase in OPR • Counter rotating spools

engine deterioration

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