engineering design challenge: thermal protection system · engineering design challenge: thermal...
TRANSCRIPT
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LIVE INTERACTIVE LEARNING @ YOUR DESKTOP
February 6, 2012
Engineering Design Challenge: Thermal Protection System
Presented by: Kristy Hill
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Thermal Protection System •Have you had a chance to look at this lesson?
✔ Yes✖ No
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Syllabus• Lesson overview• NASA connection• Lesson in detail• Extensions
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Introduction
• Design and build a thermal protection system on a “rocket.”
• Test the system using a propane torch.
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National Standards• Grade Level: 8 ‐ 12• Transfer of heat energy• Development of technology design• Measurements, rounding, & graphing • Calculating averages
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Value to Students• National standards in science, math & critical thinking skills
• Students get excited about this challenge• Opportunity to solve real‐world problems• Use of creativity and scientific knowledge• Learn about heat and heat transfer• Develop presentation and communication skills
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Do students know?
Conduction ‐ Convection ‐ RadiationConduction vs. Insulation
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Do students know?
a. Energy that is transmitted in the form of rays, waves or particlesb. The process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted
through a substancec. The movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter,
and therefore less dense, material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink
d. A material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or electricity
1. Insulation
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Do students know?1. Insulation ‐ d2. Radiation
a. Energy that is transmitted in the form of rays, waves or particlesb. The process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted
through a substancec. The movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter,
and therefore less dense, material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink
d. A material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or electricity
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Do students know?1. Insulation ‐ d 3. Conduction ‐ b2. Radiation ‐ a 4. Convection ‐ c
a. Energy that is transmitted in the form of rays, waves or particlesb. The process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted
through a substancec. The movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter,
and therefore less dense, material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink
d. A material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or electricity
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Do students know?
Conduction ‐ Convection ‐ RadiationConduction vs. Insulation
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• Thermal Conductivity – the ability of a solid object to transmit heat within itself as well as into an object touching it
• Heat Capacity – amount of heat energy an object can absorb without changing its overall temperature
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Let’s pause for questions
from the audience.
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NASA ConnectionThermal Protection Systems
NASA ConnectionThermal Protection Systems
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Examples
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NASA Connection
Apollo Command Module
Thermal Images of Discovery
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Ablative Thermal Protection• Neither absorb nor radiate much heat.
• When the surface becomes very hot, the material starts to burn and erodes away.
• Apollo missions• Orion
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Radiant Thermal Protection• Designed for the Orbiter, so they must be reusable.
• Dissipate heat quickly.• Four different kinds of thermal protective materials on the Orbiter.
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Which has Radiant Thermal Protection?
Apollo Command Module
A B
C
Shuttle Tiles
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The Challenge• Using the materials provided, build a thermal protection system that protects your “rocket” from severe heat for the longest possible time.
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Let’s pause for questions
from the audience.
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Lesson in DetailThermal Protection Systems
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The Lesson• Students will take on the role of engineers for this lesson.
• They will attempt to solve a problem that NASA engineers are working on as they develop rockets.
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DesignDesign
BuildBuild
TestTestRecordDataRecordData
AnalyzeResultsAnalyzeResults Engineering
Design ProcessEngineering
Design Process
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Prep Time• 4 ‐ 8 hours
–Read the guide–Gather materials–Construct the test stand–Test your own design–Set up the classroom
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MaterialsStudent Materials• Aluminum foil• Dowel• Screws• Washer• Bolts• Copper wire mesh• Scissors
Teacher Materials• Small propane tank• Propane torch• Scales• Stopwatch• Goggles• Tongs• Hot glue gun• Fire extinguisher• Ring stand & clamps
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Baseline Protection Time• Students will first test several unprotected assemblies to establish a baseline.
• Conduct at least threeseparate tests and calculate the average time for the baseline.
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Student Design Sheet
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Design Constraints• Use only the materials specified to construct the thermal protection system (TPS).
• No glue in the TPS itself.• TPS may not touch the dowel.• TPS may not touch the glue.
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Testing Designs• Have a stop watch ready. • Add mass as an extension activity. • Caution: Anyone near the testing area should wear safety goggles.
• Caution: Allow design to cool before touching it with bare hands.
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Student Discussion• Allow students to share group results. • What worked? • What needs re‐designed?• What would you do differently next time?
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What works? • The idea is to use air as an insulator in the system to protect the screw from getting hot.
• Watch this video for some ideas.
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Let’s pause for questions
from the audience.
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Extensions and Resources
Thermal Protection Systems
Extensions and Resources
Thermal Protection Systems
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Extensions• Turn up the Heat• Limit Designs by Mass• Limit Designs by Size• Design on a Budget• Design with additional materials• Real World: Hubble Thermal Blanket
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Culminating Activity
• Create a “storyboard” poster that documents the evolution of the TPS designs from initial to intermediate to final stage.
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Any other extension ideas?
• Type responses into the chat box.
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Let’s pause for questions
from the audience.
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NASA Explorer Schools•Are you part of the NASA Explorer Schools program?
✔ Yes✖ No
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NASA Explorer School Website
Sign in or sign up
Video Tutorials
explorerschools.nasa.gov
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Video Tutorials
Lessons
Finding the Guide
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Search
Finding the Guide
Browse all lessons
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Thermal Protection System
Thermal Protection Guide
Live Seminars
Video Collection
Surveys
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Video Collection
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CollaborationMaking Teaching Easy
Search for:NASA Explorer Schoolson facebook.
Follow us on Twitter:@NASAExplorerSch
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COLLABORATION
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Get Your Credit
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