english course tenses 19/10/2010 1:25:48...
TRANSCRIPT
English course Tenses 19/10/2010 1:25:48 PM
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1
GRAMMAR:
It is scientific way for learning second language which is referred correct reading writing
speaking .
The rules by which words combined together to make sentences is called grammar.
It is a bridge for language . it is a structure for a language. It is a formula for a language.
WE HAVE 28 PRONOUNs
TENS:
Tens means time.
1. Def: tens is the term in grammar which is used to indicate the time of an action
or event.
Tens is taken from latten words "tempus" mean time.tense is used show time.
Tense Divided By Three Kinds
1. Past tens
2. Present tens
3. Future tens
Everyone is divided by four parts
1. Simple or Indefinite
2. Continuous or progressive
3. Perfect
4. Perfect continuous
Subject pronoun
1. I
2. We
3. You
4. He
5. She
6. It
7. they
Objective pronoun
1. Me
2. Us
3. You
4. Him
5. Her
6. It
7. Them
Possessive Adjective pronoun
3. My
4. Our
5. Your
6. His
7. Her
8. Its
9. Their
Possessive pronoun
1. Mine
2. Ours
3. Yours
4. His
5. Hers
1. Its
2. Theirs
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5.
1. Past
2. Present
tens
3. Future tens
2. Present
3. Future
1. Simple or indefinite
2. Continuous or progressive
3. Perfect
4. Perfect continuous
1. Simple or indefinite
2. Continuous or progressive
3. Perfect
4. Perfect continuous
1. Simple or indefinite
2. Continuous or progressive
3. Perfect
4. Perfect continuous
1. Past
tens
4. Present
tens
5. Future tens
1. Simple or indefinite tens
2. Continuous or progressive tens
3. Perfect tens
4. Perfect continuous tens
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative & interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative & interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative & interrogative sentence
TENS
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2. Present
1. Simple or indefinite tens
2. Continuous or progressive tens
3. Perfect tens
4. Perfect continuous tens
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
3. Future
6. Present
tens
7. Future tens
1. Simple or indefinite tens
2. Continuous or progressive tens
3. Perfect tens
4. Perfect continuous tens
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
1. Positive sentence
2. Negative sentence
3. Interrogative sentence
4. Negative interrogative sentence
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PAST INDEFINITE (SIMPLE) TENS:
Def:1
It shows an action that started and finished at particular time in the past.
1.1.1 Past indefinite (simple) tens positive sentence structure
Subject + 2nd form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
1.1.2 Past indefinite (simple) tens negative sentence structure
Subject + did not (didn't) + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
I
We
You
They
He
She
It
I
We
You
He
She
It
The
Went
To
Kabul
Yester day.
I
We
You
They
He
She
It
Go
To
Kabul
Yester day.
Didn't (did not)
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1.1.3 Past indefinite (simple) tens interrogative sentence structure
Did + Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + ?
Example:
1.1.4 Past indefinite (simple) tens negative interrogative sentence
structure
Didn't (did not) + Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement +?
Example:
I
We
You
They
He
She
It
Go
Kabul
Yesterday?
Did
I
We
You
They
He
She
It
Didn't (did not)
Go
Kabul
Yesterday?
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PAST CONTINUOUS or PROGRESSIVE TENS:
Def:
It shows an action that was progress in the past in at specific time.
It shows an action that was progresses in the past but it was in interrupted by anther action.
1.2.1 Past continuous (progressive) tens positive structure
Subject + to be + 1st form of the verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
1.2.2 Past continuous (progressive) tens negative structure
Subject + to be + not + 1st form of the verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Going
To
Kabul
Last week.
were
was
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Wasn't (was not)
Weren't (were not )
Going
To
Kabul
Last week.
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1.2.3 Past continuous (progressive) tens interrogativ structure
Subject + to be + not + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
1.2.4 Past continuous (progressive) tens interrogativ negative structure
Subject + to be + not + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
Going
To
Kabul
Last week ?
؟؟
Weren't(were not )
Wasn't (Was not)
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Going
To
Kabul
Last week?.
Were
Was
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
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PAST PERFECT TENS:
Def:
It shows an action that was completed before another action in the past.
1.3.1 Pas t perfect tens positive structure
Subject + had + 3rd form of the verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
1.3.2 Past perfect tens negative structure
Subject + had + not + 3rd form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
1.3.3
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
gone
To
Kabul
Last week.
had
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
gone
To
Kabul
Last week.
hadn't had not
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Past perfect tens interrogative structure
Had + not + 3rd form of verb + Subject + objective + complement + .
Example:
1.3.4 Pas t perfect tens interrogative & negative structure
Had + not + 3rd form of verb + Subject + objective + complement + .
Example:
gone
To
Kabul
Last week?
Hadn't (had not)
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
gone
To
Kabul
Last week.?
Had
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
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11
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENS:
Def:
It shows the duration an action that started before certain point in the past in continued up to
that time.
1.4.1 Past perfect continuous (progressive) tens positive structure
Subject + had been + 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
1.4.2 Past perfect continuous (progressive) tens negative structure
Subject + hadn't been + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Teaching in nursing school since 2005 when I came .
Had been
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Teaching in nursing school since 2005 when I came.
Hadn't (had not) been
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Past perfects (progressive) tens interrogative structure
Had + Subject +been + 1st form of verb + objective + complement ?
Example:
1.4.4 Past perfect continuous (progressive) tens interrogative
negative structure
to be + not + Subject +1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
Been Teaching in nursing school since 2005 when I came ?
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
been)
Teaching in nursing school since 2005 when I came?
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Hadn't (had not)
Had (had)
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PRESENT INDEFINITE (simple) TENS:
Def: 1
It shows daily action.
Def: 2
It shows an action that happens regularly, naturally and habitually
2.1.1 Present indefinite (simple) tens positive structure
Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
2.1.2 present indefinite (simple) tens negative structure
Subject + do/does+ not + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go
To
Kabul
Today.
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go
To
Kabul
Today.
Don't (Do not )
Doesn't (does not)
Go s
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2.1.3 present indefinite (simple) tens interrogativ structure
Do/does + Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + ? .
Example:
2.1.4 present indefinite (simple) tens interrogative &negative
structure
Do/does +not+ Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + ?.
Example:
Go
To
Kabul
Today.?
don't(do not )
doesn't (does not)
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go
To
Kabul
Today.
do
does
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
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PRESENT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) TENS:
Def:
It is shows an action that is happening at the time of speaking.
2.2.1 present continuous (progressive) tens positive structure
Subject + to be + 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
2.2.2 present continuous (progressive) tens negative structure
Subject + to be + not + 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go ing
To
Kabul
now
are
is
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go ing
To
Kabul
now
aren't(are not )
isn't (is not)
am
am not
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present continuous (progressive) tens interrogativ structure
to be + Subject + 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
2.2.4 present continuous (progressive) tens interrogativ negative
structure
To be + not +Subject + 1st form of verb + ing+ objective + complement + .
Example:
Go ing
To
Kabul
Now?
aren't(are not )
isn't (is not)
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go ing
To
Kabul
Now?
are
is
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
am
Am not
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PRESENT PERFECT TENS:
Def 1.
It shows an action that started and finished unclear time in the past .
Def 2.
It shows an action that was repeated unclear time in past
2.3.1 present perfect tens positive structure
Subject + have/has+ 3rd form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
2.3.2 present perfect tens negative structure
Subject + to be + not + 3rd form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Gone
To
Kabul
have
has
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
gone
To
Kabul
.
Haven't (have not )
Hasn't (has not)
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Present perfect tens interrogative structure
Subject + have/has + not+3rd t form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
2.3.4 present perfect tens interrogative & negative structure
Have /has+not+Subject + 3rd form of verb + objective + complement + ? .
Example:
gone
To
Kabul
Yet?
Haven't (have not )
Hasn't (has not)
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
gone
To
Kabul
؟
Hav
e
Ha
s
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
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PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENS:
Def:
It shows an action that started in the past continuous to the present may or may not go to
future .
2.4.1 Present perfect continuous tens positive structure
Subject + have/has+ 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
2.4.2 Present perfect continuous tens negative structure
Subject + have/has+ not + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go ing
To
Kabul
Since /for.
Have been
Has been
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Going
To
Kabul since 2009.
Haven't (have not) been
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present perfect continuous tens interrogative structure
have/has+Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement +? .
Example:
2.4.4 Present perfect continuous tens interrogative & negative
structure
Have/has+not+Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + ? .
Example:
They been going to Kabul for seven days?
Have/has +not
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Been Going
To
Kabul
For three hours?.
Hav
eee
Was
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
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FUTURE INDEFINITE (SIMPLE) TENS:
Def:
It shows an action that happens in the coming time
3.1.1 Future indefinite (simple) tens positive structure
Subject + will + + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
3.1.2 Future indefinite (simple) tens negative structure
Subject + will + not + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go
To
Kabul
Next time . Will
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go
To
Kabul
Next week. Won't (will not)
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3.1.3 Future indefinite (simple ) tens interrogative structure
Will +Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + ? .
Example:
3.1.4 Future indefinite (simple) tens interrogative& negative structure
Will +not +Subject + 1st form of verb + objective + complement + ? .
Example:
go To
Kabul
Nextweek? Won't (will not)
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go
To
Kabul next time? Will
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
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FUTUR (CONTINUOUS OR PROGRESSIVE) TENS:
Def:
It shows an action that will be progress in the coming time before anther action.
3.2.1 Future continuous (progressive) tens positive structure
Subject + will be+ 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
3.2.2 Future continuous (progressive) tens negative structure
Subject + will + not + 1st form of verb +ing+ objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go ing
To
Kabul
Next time
will be
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Go ing
To
Kabul
Next time Won't(will not) be
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future continuous (progressive) tens interrogativ structure
Will+Subject + 1st form of verb + ing+ objective + complement + ?.
Example:
3.2.4 future continuous (progressive) tens interrogativ &negative structure
Will+Subject be + 1st form of verb + ing+ objective + complement + ? .
Example:
To
Kabul
Be going to Kabul next
week?
Won't (will not)
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Be going
To
Kabul
Next time? will
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
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Will not /won't have completed
the program.
will have completed the program.
FUTURE PERFECT TENS:
Def:
I t shows an action that will have been completed before anther action
3.3.1 future perfect tens positive structure
Subject + will/have+ third form of the verb (3rd)+ objective + complement + .
Example:
3.3.2 Future perfect tens negative structure
Subject +Will not /won't + have1st third for of the verb(3rd) + objective + complement + ?.
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
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3.3.3 Future perfect) tens interrogative structure
Subject will have been + 3rd form of the verb + objective + complement + .
Example:
3.3.4 Future perfect) tens interrogative negative structure
Subject + to be + not + 3rd form of the verb + objective + complement + .
Example
The
y
We
You
I
He
She
It
have completed. Will
The
y
We
You
I
He
She
It
have completed? Will not /won't
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FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENS:
Def:
It shows an action that will be progress for over a period of time that will end future
3.3.1 future perfect continuous (progressive) tens positive structure
Subject + will have been + 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
3.3.1 future perfect continuous (progressive) tens negative structure
Subject + will have been + 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
will have been going to school when I come.
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
Won't (will not )been going to school when I
come.
Won't (will not )been going to school when I
come.
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3.3.1 future perfect continuous (progressive) tens positive structure
Subject + will have been + 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
3.3.1 future perfect continuous (progressive) tens negative structure
Subject + will have been + 1st form of verb + ing + objective + complement + .
Example:
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
have been going to school to school when I come? Will
They
We
You
I
He
She
It
have been going to school to school when I come? Will not (won't)