english grammar and expression 1
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Profesor: Br. Roberto Pesantes
Director: Dr. Guagner Guadalupe Huamán
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND
EXPRESSION I
Br. Roberto Pesantes 1
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I - OFFPRINT
Professor Roberto Pesantes
UNIT 1
CLASSROOM LANGUAGE
ARE YOU IN CLASS? -> Yes, I am.
Good morning (Until 11:59 AM)
Good afternoon (From 12:00 to 6:00PM)
Good evening (From 6:01PM)
Good night ( = goodbye at night)
May I go to the bathroom?
May I answer my phone?
May I come in?
May I go out?
Slow down please.
Repeat please.
What´s the meaning of ________?
How do you say ____________ in English?
Goodbye
THE ALPHABET
A B C D E F G H I J
K L M N O P Q R S T
U V W X Y Z
Br. Roberto Pesantes 2
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
PRACTICE
1. Complete the following conversation.
a. _____________________________________
b. Good morning.
a. _______________________________
b. Yes. Come on in and sit down please.
--
a. The correct answer is number 2.
b. __________________________
a. Ok, the correct answer is number 2.
--
a. Thank you for the class professor. See you tomorrow.
________________
--
NUMBERS 1-50
1 One 18 Eighteen 35 Thirty-five
2 Two 19 Nineteen 36 Thirty-six
3 Three 20 Twenty 37 Thirty-seven
4 Four 21 Twenty-one 38 Thirty-eight
5 Five 22 Twenty-two 39 Thirty-nine
6 Six 23 Twenty-three 40 Forty
7 Seven 24 Twenty-four 41 Forty-one
8 Eight 25 Twenty-five 42 Forty-two
9 Nine 26 Twenty-six 43 Forty-three
10 Ten 27 Twenty-seven 44 Forty-four
11 Eleven 28 Twenty-eight 45 Forty-five
12 Twelve 29 Twenty-nine 46 Forty-six
13 Thirteen 30 Thirty 47 Forty-seven
14 Fourteen 31 Thirty-one 48 Forty-eight
15 Fifteen 32 Thirty-two 49 Forty-nine
16 sixteen 33 Thirty-three 50 Fifty
17 Seventeen 34 Thirty-four
Br. Roberto Pesantes 3
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
PRONOUNS
Singular Plural
I We
You You
He They
She
It
I First person
SINGULAR
YOU Second person
HE Third person
SHE Third person
IT Third person
WE First person
PLURAL YOU Second person
THEY Third person
THE VERB “TO BE”
(Affirmative)
AM – IS – ARE
Long form Contraction
I am I’m
You are You’re
He is He’s
She is She’s
It is It’s
We are We’re
They are They’re
Br. Roberto Pesantes 4
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
THE VERB “TO BE”
(Negative)
Long form Contraction
I am I am not I’m not
You are You are not You aren’t
He is He is not He isn’t
She is She is not She isn’t
It is It is not It isn’t
We are We are not We aren’t
They are They are not They aren’t
PRACTICE
Complete the blanks with the correct form of the verb “to be” – am, is, are.
1. I _______ in this class.
2. He _______ a doctor.
3. They ______ teachers.
4. Mary ______ a secretary.
5. Jorge and Carlos _______ managers.
6. Bruce Willis _______ an actor. He ___________ a police officer.
7. He ______ on the phone. (negative)
8. They ______ on holiday.
9. Our teacher ______ great!
10. This postcard ______ from Tony. (negative)
Br. Roberto Pesantes 5
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
VERB “TO BE” YES/NO QUESTIONS
Are you a student?
- Yes , I am
- No, I am not / - No, I’m not. (short form)
Is he a doctor?
- Yes, he is.
- No, he is not. / - No, he isn’t.
Is she a secretary?
- Yes, she is.
- No, she is not. / - No, she isn’t.
Are they soccer players?
- Yes, they are.
- No, they are not. / - No, they aren’t.
Is she a teacher? Is Tony a policeman?
_________________ _________________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 6
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Is he Bart Simpson? Is it a cat?
_________________ __________________
Is it an animal? Is it a book?
__________________ ____________________
Are you a secretary? Are you in your house?
_________________ __________________
Are you a doctor? Are you married?
_________________ __________________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 7
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
INDEFINITE AND DEFINITE ARTICLES
A / an indicate singular (1)
She is a secretary.
singular
I am an astronaut.
singular
He is the teacher.
singular
They are teachers.
plural
a dog a plane a telephone a car a house
an apple an ant an elephant an owl an actor
A + consonant a dog, a cat
An + vowel an apple, an elephant
Vowels:
a, e, i, o, u
Consonants:
b, c, d, f, g…
Notice
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Practice
Complete with the correct word “a”, “an” or “___”
__ door __ umbrella __ airport __ friends __ teacher __ room
__ bird __ idea __ cats __ computer __ uniform __ eagles
__ school __ university __ car __ pencil __ tables __ team
1. She is ____ doctor.
2. They are ____ friends.
3. Tom and Lisa are _____ students.
4. I am _____ astronaut.
5. You are ____ kid.
JOBS AND OCCUPATIONS
Secretary Assistant
Manager Postman
Police officer Driver
Pilot Doctor
Nurse Film director
Actor Actress
Waiter Waitress
Flight attendant Bank teller
Lawyer Accountant
Judge Chef
Maid Bellboy
Elevator operator Teacher
Psychologist Dentist
Practice
A. Complete the sentences with the correct job.
1. The _____________ works on board a plane, serving the passengers.
2. I am hungry. Let’s call the ____________.
3. I have a terrible toothache. / Go to the _____________.
4. The ____________ cleans the kitchen.
5. The _________ is in the police station.
Br. Roberto Pesantes 9
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
B. Match the two columns.
Teacher kitchen
Chef airport
Secretary restaurant
Waitress police station
Pilot school
Police officer office
COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES
Continents:
1. North America
2. South America
3. Europe
4. Africa
5. Asia
6. Australia
7. Antarctica
Br. Roberto Pesantes 10
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
North America and Caribbean
North America Central America Caribbean
United States of America – USA Costa Rica Cuba
Canada El Salvador Puerto Rico
Mexico Nicaragua Dominican Republic
Panama
South America Africa
Argentina Ecuador Cameroon
Bolivia Paraguay Congo
Brazil Uruguay Algeria
Chile Venezuela Egypt
Colombia Peru South Africa
Europe Asia
Austria Italy Russia Thailand
Finland Spain Malaysia India
France Sweden Philippines Hong Kong
Germany Switzerland Thailand Japan
Greece Turkey Singapore China
Hungary United Kingdom Korea
Ireland
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
COUNTRIES NATIONALITIES COUNTRIES NATIONALITIES
Algeria Algerian Ireland Irish
Argentina Argentinean Italy Italian
Australia Australian Japan Japanese
Austria Austrian Korea
Bolivia Malaysia
Brazil Mexico
Cameroon Nicaragua
Canada Canadian Panama
Chile Paraguay Paraguayan
China Peru Peruvian
Colombia Philippines
Congo Puerto Rico Puerto Rican
Costa Rica Russia
Cuba Cuban Singapore
Dominican Republic South Africa
Ecuador Spain
Egypt Sweden Sweden
El Salvador Switzerland Swiss
Finland Thailand
France French Turkey Turkish
Germany United Kingdom British
Greece United States of
America
Hong Kong Uruguay
Hungary Venezuela
India Indian
Br. Roberto Pesantes 12
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 2
OFFICE SUPPLIES VOCABULARY
I need a stapler!
Mary: Good morning Mr. Sanchez.
Mr. Sanchez: Good morning Mary.
Mary: Can I help you?
Mr. Sanchez: I need a stapler.
Mary: It is just behind the pencil holder.
Mr. Sanchez: Thank you very much.
SOME IMPORTANT OFFICE SUPPLIES
DVD Ink cartridges
Pens and pencils Marker
Glue Stapler
Eraser Correction pen
Hole punch Hole punch
Ring binders Label tabs
Envelope business cards
Sticky notes Paperclip
Tape Highlighter
Rubber bands Scissors
Index dividers Hanging file
Ruler Paperclip holder
Task
Make groups and simulate an office with your classmates. Bring some office
supplies you may have in your house.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
PRONOUNS POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES
I MY
YOU YOUR
HE HIS
SHE HER
IT ITS
WE OUR
THEY THEIR
Basic rule:
She is in the house.
Pronoun + verb
They are in the office.
Pronoun + verb
My boss speaks French.
Possessive adjective + noun
Your secretary is tall.
Possessive adjective + noun
Pronoun + verb
Possessive adjective + noun
Possessive adjective + adj + noun
Br. Roberto Pesantes 14
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Practice:
1. _______ plays soccer. (He/his)
2. _______ father works at the bank. (He/his)
3. _______ am a good manager. (I/my)
4. _______ work near the beach. (Their/They)
5. The teacher sings _________ favorite song. (he/his)
6. _______ red car is in the garage. (I/My)
7. The computer is in ________ house. (we/our)
8. _______ favorite sport is baseball.
9. _______ parents travel every summer. (I/My)
10. _______ favorite movie is on TV now. (I/My)
11. _______ new car is in the garage. (You/Your)
Write some sentences of your own, using some possessive adjectives.
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________
6. ____________________________________________________
7. ____________________________________________________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 15
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
DEMONSTRATIVES SINGULAR AND PLURAL
THIS CONTACT SINGULAR
THAT NO CONTACT
THESE CONTACT PLURAL
THOSE NO CONTACT
This
That
These
Those
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Practice
Fill in with this, these, that, or those as in the example.
1. This is a postman.
2. That is a mouse.
3. _________ is a dog.
4. _________ are cars.
5. _________ is a house.
6. __________ is a watch.
7. __________ are bananas.
8. ________ are laptops.
Br. Roberto Pesantes 17
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
TELLING THE TIME
What time is it?
It’s 9 o’clock.
1:30 = It’s half past one. 5:22 = It’s five twenty-two.
2:15 = It’s a quarter after two. 4:05 = It’s four-oh-five
12:00 = It’s twelve o´clock. 4:45 = It’s a quarter to five.
Let’s practice
1:25 = It’s one twenty-five 12:05 = It’s twelve___________
3:45 = It’s ____________________ 1:23 =
7:55 = 9:00 =
2:48 = 10:32=
1:25 = 11:11 =
12:01 = 10:11 =
6:22 = 4:22 =
It’s a quarter after three = It’s nine fifty-five =
It’s eight-oh-one = It’s five past nine =
It’s a quarter to two = It’s half past ten =
It’s two to two = It’s a quarter past one =
30 minutes = half
15 minutes = a quarter
Br. Roberto Pesantes 18
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
DAYS OF THE WEEK
Weekdays Weekend
Monday Saturday
Tuesday Sunday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Practice:
A. Read the sentences and circle (T) if the sentence is True or (F) if it is
False.
1. The day after Tuesday is Wednesday. T F
2. Friday is the first day of the week. T F
3. Monday is between Sunday and Tuesday. T F
4. The last day of the week is Saturday. T F
5. Thursday is the third day of the week. T F
B. Write the days of the week in order. The first one is Sunday.
1. Sunday 2. _______________ 3. _______________
4. _______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________
7. _______________
C. Find the days of the week.
S A T U R D A Y A B
U C H B Y E R A W H
N A U W A F F D E D
D L R Q D F H S D S
A K S W I H K E N A
Y J D E R H J U E J
S H A R F Z M T S B
D G Y T H X B X D C
F F U Y J C V C A L
Y D I M O N D A Y U
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
D. Unscramble the words.
- Sunday - __________________
- ______________ - __________________
- _______________ - ___________________
- _____________
MONTHS OF THE YEAR
January July
February August
March September
April October
May November
June December
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE
In On
Over Under
In front of Behind
Next to Between
among
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Fill in the blanks with the corresponding preposition of place.
_______________ ______________
______________ _______________
______________ ___________
_______ ___________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
WH- QUESTIONS
What Information What is your name? My name is Sara Miller.
Where A place Where is the teacher? The teacher is at school.
When A date When is your birthday? It is on April 5th.
Who A person Who are you? I am the teacher.
Why A reason Why are you here? Because, I have class.
How A way How is your mother? My mother is sick.
Which Preference Which is your favorite color? It is orange.
Exercises
Complete the questions with the correct Wh__ word from the previous chart.
Example: Where do you live?
1. _________ is the teacher?
The teacher is in the cafeteria.
2. _________ is your birthday?
My birthday is on May 12.
3. _________ are you?
I am fine thanks.
4. _________ is your favorite color?
My favorite color is orange.
5. _________ are you happy?
Because, I have a party.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
a. Lazy
b. Cheerful
c. Optimistic
d. Shy
e. Curious
f. Bossy
g. Obedient
h. Bad tempered
UNIT 3
Personality and Physical appearance
Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
HONEST – SHY – ANGRY – EASY GOING – POLITE – BAD TEMPERED
GENEROUS - JEALOUS – KIND- SERIOUS
1. - I don’t like talking to new people. I´m very ______________.
2. - I always say what I think, I am an______________ person.
3. - I never get angry, I´m __________________.
4. - My mobile is broken. I´m very ___________________.
5. - I never laugh. I´m a __________________person.
6. - I like Jim, but he´s dancing with Susan, I´m _________________.
7. - I always give a lot of presents, I´m a ________________person.
8. - I´m always angry. I´m a ____________________ person.
9. - I always say “thank you” and “please”, I’m very _______________.
10. - I always help people. I´m a _________________ person.
Br. Roberto Pesantes 23
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
TIP: AM FOR I IS FOR HE, SHE, IT
ARE FOR WE, YOU, THEY
Describe the members of your family.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
BE Vs HAVE
We use «be» to describe something or someone.
Example:
He is tall.
Mike is intelligent.
Nancy and Sussan are pretty.
The house is big.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
TIP: HAVE FOR I, WE, YOU, THEY
HAS FOR HE, SHE, IT
Subject + to be + complement (adjective)
We use «be» to say that someone or something is in a specific place.
Example:
He is in the house.
Mike is at the airport.
Nancy and Sussan are in the building.
The house is in Lima.
Subject + to be + complement (place)
We use «have» to express possession.
Example:
He has a new car.
Mike has a pretty girlfriend.
Nancy and Sussan have homework.
The house has a big garden.
Subject + have + complement (noun)
has
Subject + have + complement (adjective + noun)
has
Br. Roberto Pesantes 25
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Let’s Practice
1. The children _____________ in the garden.
2. Sarah ___________ long hair.
3. Steve __________ in the bedroom
4. The electric razor __________ in the bathroom.
5. I ______________ a red toothbrush.
6. Melissa ____________ a new hair drier.
7. The cat __________ in the street.
8. The washcloth ___________ new.
9. The cotton buds _____________ in the cabinet.
10 . My head ___________ very big.
PRESENT SIMPLE
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual.
The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, or something that often
happens.
I speak English. They play soccer.
I don’t speak English. They don’t play soccer.
You have a new book. We watch TV.
You don’t have a new book. We don’t watch TV.
He speaks English. She plays soccer.
He doesn’t speak English. She doesn’t play soccer.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
I – we – you – they don’t (do not)
He – she – it doesn’t (does not)
Let’s practice
Change the sentences into negative.
1. Dr. Lopez works in Lima. _______________________________
2. The secretary types fast. _______________________________
3. My boss arrives early. _______________________________
4. The professor speaks too loud. _______________________________
5. You study English. _______________________________
6. They finish their career. _______________________________
7. The children play in the park. _______________________________
8. We sleep 8 hours. _______________________________
9. Her boyfriend studies at UTP. _______________________________
10. The dogs bark a lot. _______________________________
don’t or doesn’t
For negative
Br. Roberto Pesantes 27
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
3rd person singular
Present Simple
Look at the sentences and then complete the rules.
He washes the car.
She watches TV every day.
Mark works in the bank.
Sandra walks to the bus stop.
It rains a lot.
Luis doesn’t speak French. (negative)
Tom doesn’t write poems. (negative)
In affirmative sentences with he/she/it we add ___ or ___ at the end of
the verb.
In negative sentences with he/she/it we use __________ before the
verb.
Complete the blanks with the correct form of the verb.
Camila ______ (1) (live) in San Francisco. She __________ (2) (work) for a very
big company. Camilia and her sister __________ (3) (go) shopping every
weekend. They always ________ (4) (run) in the morning. Camila ____ (5) (be) a
secretary. Her boss, Mr. Ramirez, __________ (6) (arrive) work early in the
morning. At noon, they __________ (7) (have) lunch in a very nice restaurant
near her job.
Br. Roberto Pesantes 28
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Present Simple Yes / No Questions
Do you like animals?
Do you study English?
Does she live in Lima?
Does he work at a bank?
Question:
Do you have a pencil?
Affirmative answer:
Yes, I do.
Negative answer:
No, I don’t
Do you want some soda?
Affirmative answer:
Yes, I do.
Negative answer:
No, I don’t.
Does Mary live in Paris?
Affirmative answer:
Yes, she does.
Negative answer:
No, she doesn’t.
Does Mario play soccer?
Affirmative answer:
Yes, he does.
Negative answer:
No, he doesn’t.
Do they study English?
Affirmative answer:
Yes, they do.
Negative answer:
No, they don’t.
Does it rain in Lima?
Affirmative answer:
Yes, it does.
Negative answer:
No, it doesn´t.
Tip: we do not
use the
auxiliaries “do” or
“does” with the
verb to be.
Br. Roberto Pesantes 29
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Read the text and answer the following questions.
Luisa is a secretary. She works at a big company near her house. Every morning,
she takes the bus and arrives her job early. Her boss is Mr. Ramirez. He likes to
drink very dark coffee. At 1 o´clock in the afternoon they go to lunch together.
Questions
1. Does Luis work at a small company? ______________________
2. Does Mr. Ramirez like dark coffee? ______________________
3. Do they have lunch together? __________________________
Write 5 more questions and ask them to your partners.
Example:
Do you like pizza?
Do you study English?
1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________
4. _________________________________
5. _________________________________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 30
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
CLOTHES AND SIZES
Types of clothes
COAT SHIRT GLOVES SHOES HIGH HEEL
SHOES
BOOTS SUIT SKIRT BELT SWEATER
SCARF T-SHIRT SOCKS HAT TIE
These are considered plural words:
PANTS SHORTS GLASSES
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
I am wearing a red coat
You are wearing a red coat
He is wearing a red coat
She is wearing a red coat
It is wearing a red coat
We are wearing a red coat
You are wearing a red coat
They are wearing a red coat
I’m not wearing a red coat
You aren’t wearing a red coat
He isn’t wearing a red coat
She isn’t wearing a red coat
It isn’t wearing a red coat
We aren’t wearing a red coat
Your aren’t wearing a red coat
They aren’t wearing a red coat
Examples:
His name is Mario.
Mario is studying for the
exam.
His name is Jorge.
Jorge is sleeping.
Their names are Sussan
and Tom.
Sussan and Tom are
playing with the ball.
Exercises
Fill in the blanks with the present progressive form.
1. Magaly ___________ a cup of coffee. (drink)
2. Silvia and Martin ______________ in the restaurant. (eat)
3. My boss ______________ some documents. (sign)
Br. Roberto Pesantes 32
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
4. The secretaries ______________ a conference. (plan)
5. The manager and his assistant ____________ in his office. (talk)
6. The marketing department __________________ on new strategies. (work)
7. Jane and Tom __________ to the beach. (go)
8. The dog ___________ at the neighbor. (bark)
9. The king _____________ on his throne. (rest)
10. The sun ____________. (shine)
Eat
Type
Drink
Swim
Is the baby
eating?
Yes, he is.
Is the secretary
typing?
Yes, she is.
Is he sleeping?
No, he isn’t.
He is drinking.
Is he dancing?
No, he isn’t.
He is swimming.
Drive
Write
Cook
Cry
_________
driving?
Yes, he is.
__________
playing?
No, she isn’t.
She is writing a
letter.
________
talking?
No, she isn’t.
She is cooking.
____________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 33
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Match the picture with the correct verb.
Wait – climb – watch TV – cry – fly – dance – fight - cook
Read the text and answer the questions.
Peter is an electrician. He's going out the door. He is getting into his car. Right now
he is starting the motor. The car is moving. He is driving past a railway station. He is
stopping the car. His friend is getting on the car. They are driving to work. Peter's
friend is happy to be on the car. It is quite early in the morning, and today it's very
cold. Peter's friend is going to be early for work today.
1. What’s Peter’s job?
_____________________________________________________
2. Where is Peter driving?
_____________________________________________________
3. What’s the weather like?
_____________________________________________________
4. Who is getting into the car?
_____________________________________________________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 34
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Re-write the text above and change it into negative.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Write some questions of your own and ask them to your classmates.
1. _______________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 35
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 4
OFFICE ROOMS, FURNITURE AND APPLIANCES
Vocabulary:
BATHROOM OFFICE
BOARDROOM MEETING ROOM
BANQUETING
ROOM
CONFERENCE
ROOM
RECEPTION LOBBY
COPY CENTER
DESK SWIVEL CHAIR
SOFA RUG (CARPET)
TABLE LOCKER
FILING CABINET COFFEE TABLE
FLOWER VASE COUNTER
PEN PENCIL
ERASER PAPER
STAPLER HOLE PUNCH
PAPERCLIP CORRECTION PEN
MARKER HIGHLIGHTER
FILE SCISSORS
Br. Roberto Pesantes 36
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Write the correct name for each picture.
_________
______________
___________
___________
____________
__________
____________
____________
___________
___________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 37
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE
Br. Roberto Pesantes 38
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Exercise: Complete the sentences using the correct prepositions of place.
Exercise Nº2
Write 5 sentences using the prepositions of place and the objects in your
classroom.
1. ________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 39
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 5
FREQUENCY ADVERBS
Always
Frequently
Usually
Often
Sometimes
Occasionally
Seldom
Rarely
Never
100% of the time
about 90% of the time
about 80% of the time
about 70% of the time
about 50% of the time
about 40% of the time
about 20% of the time
about 10% of the time
about 00% of the time
The frequency adverbs indicate how much of a time a person realizes an action.
Ex.:
You take a shower daily. You always take a shower.
You eat turkey once a year. You rarely eat turkey.
Br. Roberto Pesantes 40
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Look at Lisa’s answers in the Internet Quiz and complete the sentences.
Do you use the internet for school work?
Do you use the internet for fun?
Do you play computer games?
Do you send emails to your friends?
Do you buy things on the internet?
Do your parents use the internet?
Do they send emails?
Does your teacher use the internet?
Do you listen to music on the internet?
Do you look at the news on the internet?
1. Lisa _________sometimes uses_______ the internet for school work.
2. Lisa _______________________________ the internet for fun.
3. Lisa _______________________________ computer games.
4. She _______________________________ emails to her friends.
5. She _______________________________ things on the internet.
6. Her parents _______________________ the internet.
7. They ______________________________ emails.
8. Lisa’s teacher _____________________ the internet.
9. Lisa _______________________________ to music on the internet.
10. Lisa ______________________________ at the news on the internet.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Frequency adverbs positions
Verb “to be” + frequency adverb
- She is always in the house.
- They are never tired.
- We are sometimes happy.
- Mary is occasionally at the restaurant.
- Lou is rarely in a bad mood.
Frequency adverb + verb
- She never eats at the restaurant.
- They always study in the library.
- Marcos occasionally drives fast.
- I always arrive early.
- You sometimes play with my sister.
Rewrite the complete sentence using the adverb in brackets in its correct
position.
Example: I play tennis on Sundays. (often)
Answer: I often play tennis on Sundays.
1) He listens to the radio. (often)
__________________________________________
2) They read a book. (sometimes)
__________________________________________
3) Pete gets angry. (never)
__________________________________________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
4) Tom is very friendly. (usually)
__________________________________________
5) I take sugar in my coffee. (sometimes)
__________________________________________
6) Ramon and Frank are hungry. (often)
__________________________________________
7) My grandmother goes for a walk in the evening. (always)
__________________________________________
8) Walter helps his father in the kitchen. (usually)
__________________________________________
9) They watch TV in the afternoon. (never)
__________________________________________
10) Christine smokes. (never)
__________________________________________
HOW OFTEN DO YOU SLEEP IN YOUR HOUSE?
I ALWAYS SLEEP IN MY HOUSE.
1. How often do you play volleyball?
I ___________ play volleyball.
2. How often do you watch TV?
_____________________________________________
3. How often are you happy?
_____________________________________________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
4. How often is your father tired?
_____________________________________________
5. How often is your boss in a good mood?
_____________________________________________
6. How often do you cook in your house?
_____________________________________________
7. How often does the professor use the computer?
_____________________________________________
8. How often do you speak English?
_____________________________________________
9. How often is Nadine Heredia on TV?
_____________________________________________
10. How often is your mother in the house?
_____________________________________________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 6
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE vs. PRESENT SIMPLE
Simple Present Present Progressive
In general (often, never)
Tom plays soccer every Sunday.
present actions happening one after
another
First Tom plays soccer, and then he
watches TV.
In this moment - right now
Look! Tom is playing soccer now.
also for several actions happening at
the same time
Tom is playing soccer and Mike is
watching TV.
Words that indicate present simple or present progressive.
Signal words
PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
always
every (day, month, specific time)
often
normally
usually
sometimes
never
first
then
at the moment
at (in) this moment
today
now
right now
Listen!
Look!
Note: The following verbs are usually only used in Simple Present:
be, have, hear, know, like, love, see, smell, think, want
Do you want to express that something happens in general or that
something is happening right now?
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Exercise:
1) Andy sometimes _________________ comics. (to read)
2) We never _________________ TV in the morning. (to watch)
3) Listen! Sandy _________________ in the bathroom. (to sing)
4) My sister usually _________________ in the kitchen. (to help)
5) My mother _________________ breakfast now. (to make)
6) They often _________________ the bathroom. (to clean)
7) Look! The boys _________________ home. (to come)
8) Every day his grandfather _________________ for a walk. (to go)
9) I _________________ with my friend at the moment. (to chat)
10) Cats _________________ mice. (to eat)
11) Look! He ________________ the house. (to leave)
12) Quiet please! I ________________ a test. (to write)
13) She usually ________________ to school. (walk)
14) But look! Today she ________________ by bike. (to go)
15) Every Sunday we ________________ to see my grandparents. (to go)
16) He often ________________ to the cinema. (to go)
17) We ________________ Monopoly at the moment. (to play)
18) The child seldom ________________. (to cry)
19) I ________________ anything at the moment. (not / to do)
20) ________________ the news regularly? (to watch / he)
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
General review
Test
A. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb to be.
1. ________ you a singer?
2. He ______ an excellent manager.
3. They ________ in the house. They ________ in the park.
4. Mary ________ an assistant.
5. _________ Mark and Tony soccer players?
B. Answer the following questions.
Do you play soccer?
___________________
Does Mary study French?
___________________ (+)
Do they work at the bank?
___________________(-)
Where do you study?
___________________
When is your birthday?
_____________________
What is your name?
_____________________
C. Write the following numbers with letters.
20 8
5 38
53 25
15 13
80 91
100 152
134 29
56 34
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
D. Fill the blanks with the correct definite article. (a, an, or ____ )
_____ airplane
_____ house
_____ uniform
_____ dogs
_____ student
_____ children
_____ men
_____ door
E. Write the appropriate job or occupation for the image.
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
F. Write the correct nationality for each country.
Argentina Ireland
Australia Peru
Costa Rica Spain
Greece Italy
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
G. Write the correct name of the following office materials.
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
H. Write the correct pronoun or possessive adjective where it corresponds.
1. _______ are in ______ office. (you / your – I / my)
2. _______ lives in Lima. (she / her)
3. _______ play soccer at _______ school. (they / their – you / your)
4. _______ am in Lima. (I / my)
5. _______ write many books. (we / our)
I. Complete the following sentences using “this”, “that”, “those”, or “these”.
1. ________ pencil is new. (contact)
2. ________ dogs are brave. (no contact)
3. ________ pages are interesting. (contact)
4. ________ is my favorite program. (contact)
5. ________ are your parents. (no contact)
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
J. Write the correct time.
1. 10:25 _________________________________
2. 12:00 _________________________________
3. 5:15 _________________________________
4. 7:55 _________________________________
5. 4:45 _________________________________
6. 9:03 _________________________________
7. 6:10 _________________________________
K. Answer the following questions using the phrases in the box.
1. Where are you? ______________________________
2. What is your name? ______________________________
3. When is your birthday? ______________________________
4. Which is your favorite music? ______________________________
On June, 5 Rock Teresa In class
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 7
THE PAST TENSE
THE VERB “TO BE” – WAS - WERE
Affirmative Negative (Long form) Negative (Short form)
I was I was not I wasn’t
You were You were not You weren’t
He was He was not He wasn’t
She was She was not She wasn’t
It was It was not It wasn’t
We were We were not We weren’t
They were They were not They weren’t
PRACTICE
Complete the blanks with the correct form of the verb “to be” – was or were
1. Mary ________ in the office yesterday night.
2. He _______ in Rome the last month.
3. Margaret and Tomas _________ friends.
4. We ________ in the house. (negative)
5. Sandra and Mike _________ at the restaurant.
6. Luis ________ at the supermarket. He ________ at the beach.
7. Lucas and Carlos ________ on the car. They ________ in the park.
THE VERB “TO BE” – Yes / No questions
Past Tense
Were you in the house?
- Yes, I was.
- No, I wasn’t.
Was she a good student?
- Yes, she was.
- No, she wasn’t.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Practice
Answer the following questions.
1. Was the doctor at the hospital?
Yes, ______________________
2. Were they good soccer players?
No, _______________________
3. Were you on the bus?
Yes, ______________________
4. Was the waiter in the kitchen?
No, ______________________
5. Were Tom and Lucy at the beach?
Yes, _____________________
REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS
REGULAR VERBS:
VERB + ED
Ex:
Walk walked
Visit visited
Play played
IREGULAR VERBS:
The past form - “changes”
Ex:
Speak spoke
Teach taught
Go went
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Practice
A. Change the following regular verbs into past.
Add Answer
appear Calculate
Bless Check
Claim Collect
Dance Decide
Decorate Destroy
Fix File
Hate Haunt
Identify Ignore
Lie Match
Manage Need
Obey Observe
Obtain Paint
Perform Plug
Reject Remember
Sneeze Smell
Talk Touch
Walk Want
Wash visit
B. Write 10 sentences with 10 different verbs from the list above.
1. __________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________
6. __________________________________________________________
7. __________________________________________________________
8. __________________________________________________________
9. __________________________________________________________
10. _________________________________________________________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Some irregular verbs you might know.
SIMPLE FORM PAST TENSE SIMPLE FORM PAST TENSE
Arise Arose Fly Flew
Awake Awoke Forget Forgot
Be Was/were Get Got
Begin Begun Give Gave
Burn Burnt Grow Grew
Come came Have Had
Catch Caught Keep Kept
Drive Drove Make Made
Do Did Read Read (sounds like “red”)
Dream Dreamt Ride Rode
Drink Drank Ring Rang
Eat Ate Run Ran
Fall Fell See Saw
Feel Felt Shake Shook
Find found Sit Sat
Practice
A. Change the following sentences into the past tense.
1. They play soccer at school. ____________________________
2. My secretary studies at night. ____________________________
3. The students go to the break. ____________________________
4. She is in the living room. ____________________________
5. My mother watches a movie. ____________________________
6. The dog eats a lot. ____________________________
7. That dentist works well. ____________________________
8. This car is fast. ____________________________
9. I catch the ball. ____________________________
10. She finds some money on the floor. ____________________________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
B. Read the paragraph and answer the questions
Ian Fleming was born in London on 25th May, 1905. He studied
at Eton College, the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst and the
Universities of Munich and Geneva. Fleming worked in journalism,
banking, newspaper management and as a personal assistant to the
Director of Naval Intelligence during the second World War. Fleming
became famous as the creator of the spy, James Bond. His first successful
book was Casino Royale. Between 1953 and his death on 12th August
1964 he wrote eighteen books. His most famous books are: Goldfinger
Diamonds are Forever, Live and Let Die, You only live twice. The actors
Sean Connery, Roger Moore, Pierce Brosnan have played the part of
James Bond in the films based on Fleming´s books.
Questions:
1-Who was Ian Fleming? ____________________________________________
2- When was he born? _____________________________________________
3- Did he work as a journalist? _______________________________________
4- Why did he become famous for? ____________________________________
5- Which was his first successful book? ________________________________
6- How many books did he write? _____________________________________
7- Who played the part of James Bond in the films? _______________________
C. Write about your last weekend.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 7
PAST PROGRESSIVE
She was playing with her toys.
They were studying for the exam.
I was working in my office.
We were not going to the conference.
They weren’t drinking coffee.
SUBJECT + VERB TO BE (PAST) + VERB IN –ING FORM + COMPLEMENT
FOR QUESTIONS
Was she playing with her toys?
Were they studying for the exam?
Was I working in my office?
VERB TO BE (PAST) + SUBJECT + VERB IN –ING FORM + COMPLEMENT + ?
We use the past progressive to express that an action in
progress was interrupted in the past.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Practice
A. Complete the sentences with the Past Progressive
They ____________ a book yesterday night.
They ________________ tennis on Sunday.
Mark _________________ in his house.
The baby ______________ in his bed.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
B. Change the sentences in part “A” into negative.
1. ______________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________
C. Change the sentences in part “A” into questions.
1. ______________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 8
FUTURE TENSE
She will study at nights.
They will work for this company.
I will not go home.
We won’t dance at the party.
Mario will draw a nice castle.
SUBJECT + WILL + VERB IN SIMPLE FORM + COMPLEMENT
FOR QUESTIONS
Will she play the guitar?
Will they come for Christmas?
Will I stay in my office?
WILL + SUBJECT + VERB IN SIMPLE FORM + COMPLEMENT + ?
To express future we use “will”
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
FUTURE WITH GOING TO
She is going to work at the airport.
They are going to visit France.
I am not going to write a song.
We aren’t going to eat at the party.
Mario is going to cook for the family.
SUBJECT + TO BE + GOING TO + VERB IN SIMPLE FORM + COMPLEMENT
FOR QUESTIONS
Is she going to paint the office?
Are they going to go to the gym?
Is he going to work in my office?
TO BE + SUBJECT + GOINT TO + VERB IN SIMPLE FORM + COMPLEMENT + ?
We use “going to” to express future.
The difference with “will” is that “going to” requires an
evidence to express future, and “will” is a prediction.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Practice
Change the following sentences into the future tense.
E = evidence / P = prediction
1. The assistants answer the phone. (E) ____________________________
2. Her boss goes to the conference. (P) ____________________________
3. The baby drinks a lot of milk. (E) ____________________________
4. I am in the house. (E) ____________________________
5. They are playing in the garden. (P) ____________________________
6. We sleep on the sofa. (P) ____________________________
7. It is a nice day. (P) ____________________________
8. Julio sings well. (E) ____________________________
9. You talk too much. (E) ____________________________
10. Sarah cooks delicious. (E) ____________________________
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 9
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
That house is smaller than my house.
Peru is bigger than Bolivia.
A car is faster than a bike.
She is prettier than your sister.
EXAMPLES OF COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
Adjective Comparative adjective
high higher
small smaller
big bigger
easy Easier
short Shorter
pretty prettier
The comparative adjectives help us to compare
two nouns.
A comparative is formed with an
adjective.
Big (adjective) + er (suffix) =
bigger (comparative)
Small + er = smaller
Fast + er = faster
Shy + er = shier
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Comparative adjectives with more than 2 syllables or ending in –ed or -ing
Adjective Comparative adjective
dangerous More dangerous
bored More bored
wonderful More wonderful
interesting More interesting
SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
That is the smallest house of the block.
Peru is the richest country in culture in South
America.
The airplane is the fastest mean of transport.
Sue is the prettiest girl in class.
A superlative is formed with
an adjective.
Big (adjective) + est (suffix) =
biggest (comparative)
Small + est = smallest
Fast + est = fastest
Shy + est = shiest
The superlative adjectives help us to compare
more than two nouns.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
EXAMPLES OF SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
Adjective Superlative adjective
high highest
small smallest
big biggest
easy easiest
short shortest
pretty prettiest
Superlative adjectives with more than 2 syllables or ending in –ed or -ing
Adjective Comparative adjective
dangerous most dangerous
bored most bored
wonderful most wonderful
interesting most interesting
Practice
A. Complete the chart with the correct form of the superlative or comparative
adjective.
THE MISSING ADJECTIVES
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
.......................
nice
curly
dark
.......................
lighter
......................
......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
the meanest
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
.......................
......................
.......................
pretty
tall
.......................
.......................
blonder
chubbier
longer
.......................
taller
warmer
closer
.......................
.......................
.......................
the prettiest
.......................
.......................
.......................
B. Write 5 sentences with comparative adjectives and 5 sentences with
superlative adjectives.
Comparatives
1. _____________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________
Superlatives
1. _____________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________
Br. Roberto Pesantes 65
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
UNIT 10
COUNTABLES AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
COUNTABLE NOUNS
Example:
- Pen
- Car
- House
- Student
- Notebook
UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
Example:
- Love
- Cereal
- Fluor
- Garlic
- Food
- Furniture
- Water
- tea
The countable nouns represent the nouns that
we can count and we can make them plural.
The uncountable nouns represent the nouns that we
cannot count and we cannot make them plural.
Br. Roberto Pesantes 66
ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
Example:
The secretary is in her office. In this case, “secretary” is a
countable noun.
The doctor has a patient. “doctor” and “patient are
countable nouns.
He has a lot of information. “information” is an uncountable
noun.
Quantifiers
Many for plural countable nouns
Much for uncountable nouns
Some other quantifiers:
Some, a few, any, a little, a lot of
Ex:
There is some water on the floor.
There are a lot of books in the library.
He wants some sugar.
She has five dogs in her house.
I want a lot of water.
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR AND EXPRESSION I ESCUELA DE SECRETARIAS
FINAL REVIEW
A. Change the following sentences into the past tense.
1. They are good friends. _______________________________
2. She is an excellent secretary. _______________________________
3. Oscar plays the piano well. _______________________________
4. Mary writes many letters. _______________________________
5. My boss drives a new car. _______________________________
6. The assistant types fast. _______________________________
7. We listen to the professor. _______________________________
8. They sing a pretty song. _______________________________
B. Complete the sentences with the proper comparative or superlative adjective.
1. Sue is __________________ than Margaret. (intelligent)
2. Cusco is ___________ than Lima. (pretty)
3. Loreto is the ________________ department in Peru. (big)
4. A building is _____________ than a house. (tall)
5. History is ________________ than Math. (interesting)
6. February is the _____________ month of the year. (short)
7. Iquitos is ______________ than Puno. (hot)
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C. Write 4 sentences indicating prediction and 4 sentences indicating evidence.
1. ______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________
7. ______________________________________________________
8. ______________________________________________________
D. Make a list of 4 countable nouns and 4 uncountable nouns.
COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE
E. Write one sentences with each noun on part D
1. ______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________
7. ______________________________________________________
8. ______________________________________________________