english grammar workbook for thai students

7/31/2019 English Grammar Workbook for Thai Students

1/60


2/60

Index

Index

Spelling Rules ... 1

Pronunciation Rules .... 5Regular and Irregular Verbs

...

8Verb Definition . 16Basic Sentence Structure .. 27English Tenses Exercises... 31Adverbs . 47


3/60

Spelling Rules


4/60

Spelling Rules for Regular Verbs, Comparative and Superlative

Adjectives

IrrV: Regular verb RegV: Regular verb Vs: Verb + s

V1: Verb 1 V2: Verb 2 V3: Verb 3 Ving: Verb + ing

Adj: Adjective CA: Comparative

adjective

SA: Superlative adjective

Syllable: Vowel: Consonant: Adjective:

Rule #11 syllable words with 1 vowel and end with 1 consonant

* Consonant x2

V1 V2 (+ed) V3 (+ed) Ving (+ing)

RegV hop hopped hopped hopping

IrrV hit hit hit hitting

Adj CA (+er) SA (+est)

Adj fat fatter fattest

* Verbs end with x or w should be used with rule #2

V1 V2 (+ed) V3 (+ed) Ving (+ing)

RegV mix mixed mixed mixing

IrrV sew sewed sewn sewing

Rule #2

1 syllable words with

a. 2 vowels and ending in 1 consonant (Verb = end with 1/2 Consonants)


5/60

Rule #3

1 - 2 syllable words ending with a consonant and e (Verbs can have 2 syllables)

V1 V2 (+d) V3 (+d) Ving (take out e + ing)

RegV bake baked baked baking

IrrV bite bit bitten biting

Adj CA (+r) SA (+st)

Adj nice nicer nicest

* Special case end with ie

V1 V2 (+d) V3 (+d) Ving (ie y + ing)

Verb die died died dying

Rule #4

1 - 2 syllable words ending with a consonant and y(Verbs can have 1 syllable)

V1 V2 (change y i + ed) V3 (change y i + ed) Ving (+ ing)

RegV cry cried cried crying

IrrV fly flew flown flying

Adj CA (change y i + er) SA (change y i + st)

Adj pretty prettier prettiest

* Special case end with ay

V1 V2 (+d) V3 (+d) Ving (ie y + ing)

Verb play played played playing

Rule #5

+ 2 syllables words


6/60

Rule #7

Words ending with -ing (gerund)/ -ed (past participle)/ * (past simple)

Adj CA (more + adj) SA (most+ adj)

Adj boring

bored

hurt

more boring

more bored

more hurt

most boring

most bored

most hurt

Rule #8

Irregular Spelling

Adj CA SAAdj good

bad

many/much

a few/a little

far

better

worse

more

less

farther/further

best

worst

most

least

farthest/furthest

Rule #9Double Spelling

Adj CA SA

Adj shy

shy

evil

evil

handsome

handsome

shyer

shier

eviler

more evil

handsomer

more handsome

shyest

shiest

evilest

most evil

handsomest

most handsome


7/60

Pronunciation Rules


8/60

Words endings 'ed'

Complete Letter Classification

End

sound

verb - ed Type - ed verb - s Type - s

b d 2 z 2d ded 3 z 2

f t 1 s 1

g d 2 z 2

ge d 2 ges 3

k

t 1

s 1l d 2 z 2

m d 2 z 2

n d 2 z 2

p

t

1

s

1

s t 1 sez 3

t ted 3 s 1


9/60

Words endings 'ing'

Rule End

soundVerb Verb + ing

#1- kick kicking

#2 (-e) see seeing

do doing #3 (-y) play playing

study studying fly / flying

#4 (-w) show showing go going

#5(-r) pour pouring pour pouring swear - swearing -


10/60

Regular and Irregular

Verbs


11/60

Present

Simple

Final

Sound Past Simple Past Participle Continuous /Gerund 3rd

Person

Singular

Thai RI

(v1) = (v2) ed (v3) (v+ing) (v+s) s1.

answer

answered answered answering answers

R

2. argue argued argued arguing argues R3. arise z arose arisen arising arises I4. ask k asked asked asking asks R5. bake k baked baked baking bakes / () R6. bark k barked barked barking barks R7. bear bore born bearing bears I8. beat t beat beaten beating beats I9. become m became become becoming becomes () I10. begin n began begun beginning begins I11. bend d bent bent bending bends / I12. bet t bet bet betting bets I13. bid d bid bid bidding bids I14. bind d bound bound binding binds I15. bite t bit bitten biting bites I16. blame m blamed blamed blaming blames / R17. bleed d bled bled bleeding bleeds I18. bless s blessed blessed blessing blesses I19. blink k blinked blinked blinking blinks R20. blow blew blown blowing blows () / I21. boil l boiled boiled boiling boils R


12/60

36. catch ch caught caught catching catches / I37. choose z chose chosen choosing chooses I38. clap p clapped clapped clapping claps R39. climb m climbed climbed climbing climbs R40. cling ng clung clung clinging clings I41. close z closed closed closing closes R42. comb m combed combed combing combs R43. come m came come coming comes I44. cook k cooked cooked cooking cooks R45. copy copied copied copying copies () R46. cough f coughed coughed coughing coughs R47. count t counted counted counting counts / R48. creep p crept crept creeping creeps / I49. cry cried cried crying cries R50. cut t cut cut cutting cuts I51. dance s danced danced dancing dances R52. deal l dealt dealt dealing deals I53. describe b described described describing describes / R54. die died died dying dies R55. dig g dug dug digging digs I56. dive v dived dove diving dives I57. do did done doing does I58. draw drew drawn drawing draws I


13/60

73. float t floated floated floating floats R74. fly flew flown flying flies I75. follow followed followed following follows I76. forbid d forbade forbidden forbidding forbids I77. forecast t forecast forecast forecasting forecasts I78. forget t forgot forgotten forgetting forgets I79. forgive v forgave forgiven forgiving forgives I80. forsake k forsook forsaken forsaking forsakes I81. freeze z froze frozen freezing freezes () I82. fry fried fried frying fries R83. get t got gotten getting gets I84. giggle l giggled giggled giggling giggles R85. give v gave given giving gives I86. go went gone going goes I87. grate t grated grated grating grates R88. greet t greeted greeted greeting greets R89. grin n grinned grinned grinning grins R90. grind d ground ground grinding grinds I91. grow grew grown growing grows / I92. hang ng hung hung hanging hangs I93. have v had had having has I94. hear heard heard hearing hears I95. hide d hid hidden hiding hides I


14/60

110. leave v left left leaving leaves I111. lend d lent lent lending lends I112. let t let let letting lets I113. lick k licked licked licking licks R114. lie lay lain lying lies I115. lift t lifted lifted lifting lifts R116. light t lit lit lighting lights I117. listen n listened listened listening listens R118. look k looked looked looking looks R119. lose z lost lost losing loses / I120. make k made made making makes I121. march ch marched marched marching marches R122. mean n meant meant meaning means I123. meet t met met meeting meets I124. mince s minced minced mincing minces R125. mislay mislaid mislaid mislaying mislays I126. mistake k mistook mistaken mistaking mistakes I127. mop p mopped mopped mopping mops R128. open n opened opened opening opens R129. paint t painted painted painting paints / R130. pass s passed passed passing passes R131. pat t patted patted patting pats R132. pay paid paid paying pays I


15/60

147. ring ng rang rung ringing rings I148. rise z rose risen rising rises I149. roar roared roared roaring roars R150. rub b rubbed rubbed rubbing rubs / R151. run n ran run running runs I152. saw sawed sawn sawing saws I153. say said said saying says I154. scrape p scraped scraped scraping scrapes / R155. scratch ch scratched scratched scratching scratches / R156. scrub b scrubbed scrubbed scrubbing scrubs / R157. see saw seen seeing sees I158. seek k sought sought seeking seeks I159. sell l sold sold selling sells I160. send d sent sent sending sends I161. set t set set setting sets I162. sew sewed sewn sewing sews / I163. shake k shook shaken shaking shakes I164. share shared shared sharing shares R165. shed d shed shed shedding sheds I166. shine n shone shone shining shines I167. shoot t shot shot shooting shoots I168. shout t shouted shouted shouting shouts R169. show showed shown showing shows I


16/60

184. speed d sped / speeded sped / speeded speeding speeds I185. spell l spelt spelt spelling spells I186. spend d spent spent spending spends I187. spin n spun spun spinning spins I188. spit t spat spat spitting spits I189. splash sh splashed splashed splashing splashes R190. split t split split splitting splits I191. spray sprayed sprayed spraying sprays / R192. spread d spread spread spreading spreads I193. spring ng sprang sprung springing springs I194. spy spied spied spying spies R195. squeeze z squeezed squeezed squeezing squeezes / / I196. stand d stood stood standing stands I197. steal l stole stolen stealing steals I198. steam m steamed steamed steaming steams R199. stick k stuck stuck sticking sticks I200. sting ng stung stung stinging stings I201. stink k stank stunk stinking stinks I202. stir stirred stirred stirring stirs / R203. strike k struck struck striking strikes I204. string ng strung strung stringing strings I205. strive v strove striven striving strives I206. stroke k stroked stroked stroking strokes I


17/60

221. throw threw thrown throwing throws / / I222. thrust t thrust thrust thrusting thrusts I223. tickle l tickled tickled tickling tickles R224. tie tied tied tying ties R225. tiptoe tiptoed tiptoed tiptoeing tiptoes R226. trip p tripped tripped tripping trips R227. turn n turned turned turning turns R228. twist t twisted twisted twisting twists / R229. understand d understood understood understanding understands I230. undertake k undertook undertaken undertaking undertakes I231. upset t upset upset upsetting upsets I232. vacuum m vacuumed vacuumed vacuuming vacuums R233. vomit t vomited vomited vomiting vomits R234. wait t waited waited waiting waits R235. wake k woke woken waking wakes I236. walk k walked walked walking walks R237. warn n warned warned warning warns R238. wash sh washed washed washing washes R239. watch ch watched watched watching watches R240. wear wore worn wearing wears I241. weave v wove woven weaving weaves I242. weep p wept wept weeping weeps I243. whisper whispered whispered whispering whispers R


18/60

Verb Definition


19/60

Types of Verbs

The Verb's Role in a Sentence

Verbs can be divided according to the job they do in a sentence. The grammar-expert's way of saying this is

that we can divide verbs syntactically. These are the divisions and sub-divisions according to syntax:

1. finite verbs transitive verbs intransitive verbs

linking Verbs2. non-finite verbs

infinitives gerunds participles

present participle past participle perfect participle

3.

helping verbs (auxiliaries) primary auxiliaries modal auxiliaries

Formation of the Verb-Word

We know that verbs are words, just like any other part of speech. The words that represent the verbs follow

different patterns of spelling or sound. Verbs can, therefore, be divided into various kinds depending upon how

they are formed. Grammarians would call this a morphological division.

regular verbs irregular verbs compound verbs phrasal verbs


20/60

Types of Verbs

Before you begin the verb tense lessons, it is extremely important to understand that NOT all English verbs are

the same. English verbs are divided into three groups: Normal Verbs, Non-Continuous Verbs, and Mixed Verbs.

Group I Normal Verbs

Most verbs are "Normal Verbs." These verbs are usually physical actions which you can see somebody doing.

These verbs can be used in all tenses.

Normal Verbsto run, to walk, to eat, to fly, to go, to say, to touch, etc.

Examples:

I eat dinner every day. I am eating dinner now.Group II Non-Continuous Verbs

The second group, called "Non-Continuous Verbs," is smaller. These verbs are usually things you cannot seesomebody doing. These verbs are rarely used in continuous tenses. They include:

Abstract Verbs

to be, to want, to cost, to seem, to need, to care, to contain, to owe, to exist...

Possession Verbs

to possess, to own, to belong...

Emotion Verbs

to like, to love, to hate, to dislike, to fear, to envy, to mind...


21/60

Types of Verbs

Mixed Verbs

to appear, to feel, to have, to hear, to look, to see, to weigh...

List of Mixed Verbs with Examples and Definitions:

to appear:

Donna appears confused. Non-Continuous VerbDONNA SEEMS CONFUSED. My favorite singer is appearing at the jazz club tonight. Normal VerbMY FAVORITE SINGER IS GIVING A PERFORMANCE AT THE JAZZ CLUB TONIGHT.

to have:

I have a dollar now. Non-Continuous VerbI POSSESS A DOLLAR.

I am having fun now. Normal VerbI AM EXPERIENCING FUN NOW.

to hear:

She hears the music. Non-Continuous VerbSHE HEARS THE MUSIC WITH HER EARS.

She is hearing voices. Normal VerbSHE HEARS SOMETHING OTHERS CANNOT HEAR.SHE IS HEARING VOICES IN HER MIND.

to look: Nancy looks tired. Non-Continuous VerbSHE SEEMS TIRED.

Farah is looking at the pictures. Normal Verb


22/60

Types of Verbs

to smell:

The coffee smells good. Non-Continuous VerbTHE COFFEE HAS A GOOD SMELL.

I am smelling the flowers. Normal VerbI AM SNIFFING THE FLOWERS TO SEE WHAT THEIR SMELL IS LIKE.

to taste:

The coffee tastes good. Non-Continuous VerbTHE COFFEE HAS A GOOD TASTE.

I am tasting the cake. Normal VerbI AM TRYING THE CAKE TO SEE WHAT IT TASTES LIKE.

to think:

He thinks the test is easy. Non-Continuous VerbHE CONSIDERS THE TEST TO BE EASY.

She is thinking about the question. Normal VerbSHE IS PONDERING THE QUESTION, GOING OVER IT IN HER MIND.

to weigh:

The table weighs a lot. Non-Continuous VerbTHE TABLE IS HEAVY.

She is weighing herself. Normal VerbSHE IS DETERMINING HER WEIGHT.

Some Verbs Can Be Especially Confusing:

to be:


23/60

Types of Verbs

to feel:

The massage feels great. Non-Continuous VerbTHE MASSAGE HAS A PLEASING FEELING.

I don't feel well today. Sometimes used as Non-Continuous Verb AM A LITTLE SICK. I am not feeling well today. Sometimes used as Normal Verb

I AM A LITTLE SICK.

NOTICE: The second meaning of "feel" is very flexible and there is no real difference in meaning between "I

don't feel well today" and "I am not feeling well today."


24/60

Finite Verbs

1. Transitive 2. Intransitive 3. Linking

1. Transitive Verb

What is a transitive verb?

Look at these sentences.

1. He met her yesterday.2.

She wrote a story last year.3. Rust destroys iron.

In these sentences, the verbs are the words: met, wrote and destroys. In each sentence, you ask the question,

'met whom/what?' You will get the answers as follows:

sentence 1 question: met whom? answer: her sentence 2 question: wrote what? answer: story sentence 3 question: destroys what? answer: iron

(Note that we use whom in the questions for human beings and whatfor things and also for animals.)Thewords her, storyand iron in the sentences above are called objects in grammar.

A transitive verb is, therefore, a verb which has an object.

What is an object?

An object, we may say, is the aim or purpose or destination or target of a verb's action. In our three example-

sentences above, the verbs met, wrote and destroys have the words her, storyand iron as their targets. These

targets are called objects. With a transitive verb, we can expect these objects.

Why do we use the word 'transitive'?

We call these verbs 'transitive' because these verbs have the property oftransitivity.

What is transitivity? To transitmeans to pass through. Each of the verbs met, wrote and destroys in our


25/60

Finite Verbs

Here are some of these verbs used in sentences.

Sentence verb object

(a) The teacher answered the question. answered question

(b) My friend bought a house. bought house

(c) The children found the money. found money

(d) Most Indians love cricket. love cricket

(e) Children like football. like football

2. Intransitive Verb

What is an intransitive verb?Simple, I suppose. It is a verb which is not transitive a verb which does not take an object. Here are someexamples along with some sentences.

walk, jump, sleep, sit, lie, stand, weep, kneel, fall, fly, flow, remain, die, belong, wait, come, go.

(a) We walk to the railway station.

(b) The childrenjump with joy.

(c) Babies sleep for many hours.(d) My brother stood there.

(e) Jesus wept.


26/60

Finite Verbs

Linking Verbs A + (v.l.a)

Subject Present

Simple

Present

Perfect

Past Simple Past Perfect Future Simple Future Perfect

I am

have been

was

had been will be will have been

You

are wereWe

They

Heis has been wasShe

It

Linking Verbs B (v.l.b)

Linking Verbs Link Linking verbs

1. to appear 2. to get 3. to prove 4. to sound 5. to be 6. to go 7. to remain 8. to stay 9. to become 10.to grow 11.to seem 12.to taste 13.to feel 14.to look 15.to smell 16.to turn USE The linking verbs above are often followed by adjectives instead of adverbs. In such situations, the adjective

describes the subject of the sentence rather than the verb. Study the examples below to learn the difference.


27/60

Finite Verbs

IMPORTANT The verbs in the list above are not always used as linking verbs. Compare the examples below.

Linking verb

Sally grew angry. "Angry" describes Sally. In this sentence, "to grow" is being used as alinking verb meaning "to become."

grew Linking verb Adj.

The plant grew quickly. "Quickly" does not describe the plant, it describes the manner in which itgrows. In this sentence, "to grow" is not being used as a linking verb.

grew Adv


28/60

Non - Continuous Verbs

Mental and emotional states

believe dislike doubt imagine

know like love hate

prefer realize recognize remember

suppose understand want wish

Sense

appear hear see seem

smell sound taste

Communication

agree astonish deny disagree

impress mean please promise

satisfy surprise

Other states

be belong concern consist

contain cost depend deserve

fit include involve lack


29/60

Basic Sentence Structure


30/60

Sentence Structure

Basic Sentence Structure

There are five basic patterns around which most English sentences are built.

S-V Subject-Verb John sleeps.

Jill is eating.

Jack will arrive next week.

S-V-O Subject-Verb-Object I like rice.

She loves her job.

Hes eating an orange.

S-V-Adj Subject-Verb-Adjective He is funny.

The workers are lazy.

Karen seems angry.

S-V-Adv Subject-Verb-Adverb Jim is here.


31/60

Pronouns

Subject

Pronoun

I you we they he she it

Object

Pronoun

me you us them him her it

Possessive

Pronoun

mine yours ours theirs his hers its

Possessive

Adjective

my your our their his her its

Reflexive

Pronoun

myself yourself - - himself herself itself

- yourselves ourselves themselves - - -

Intensive

Pronoun

I myself You yourself - - He himself She

herself

It itself

- You

yourselves

We

ourselves

They

themselves

- - -

Demonstrative Pronouns this, that, these, those

Indefinite Pronouns all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody,

everyone, everything, few, many, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one,

several, some, somebody, someone, something

Interrogative Pronouns who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever

Examples:

SubjectPronoun

I will see you later.


32/60

Pronouns

Examples:

That is my dog. (Possessive Adjective) The dog is mine. (Possessive Pronoun)Intensive pronouns and reflexive pronouns look the same. However, they act differently in a sentence.

Intensive pronouns put an emphasis on other pronouns or nouns. Reflexive pronouns rename the subject in a

sentence.

Examples:

Intensive pronounShe herselfwill go to the bank. (herself emphasizes the pronoun she) Reflexive pronoun She cut herselfon the arm. (herself renames the pronoun she)Demonstrative pronouns refer to things in relation to distance.

This and these refer to things that are close by. That and those refer to things farther away.

Examples: This is your shirt. That is my house on the hill. These good friends are sitting next to me. Those roads in the city are busy.Indefinite pronouns replace nouns that are not specified.

Examples: We gave everything to the students. All were happy to see the children again. Give a pen to each as they come in.


33/60

English Tenses Exercises


34/60

Tenses

1. PresentSimple

1. Present Simple

2. Past 4. Present Perfect3. Future 7. Present Continuous

10. Present Perfect Continuous

4. PresentPerfect5. Past 2. Past Simple

6. Future 5. Past Perfect8. Past Continuous

7. PresentContinuous

11. Past Perfect Continuous

8. Past9. Future 3. Future Simple

6. Future Perfect

10. PresentPerfect continuous

9. Future Continuous

11. Past 12. Future Perfect Continuous12. Future


35/60

33

Tense Key Words Active Voice

Tense + Active - Active - Activev.aux v.i./v.t v.aux v.i./v.t v.aux v.i./v.t

1. Present

Simple

v1/vs do + not/does + not + v1 dont/doesnt + v1

2. Past v2 did + not + V1 didnt + V13. Future will + v1 will + not + v1 wont + v14. Present

Perfect

have/has + v3 have + not/has + not + v3 havent/hasnt + v3

5. Past had + v3 had + not + v3 hadnt + v36. Future will + have + v3 will + not + have + v3 wont + have + v37. Present

Continuous

am/are/is + ving am + not/are + not/is +

not +

ving arent/isnt + ving

8. Past was/were/was + ving was + not/were +not/was + not +

ving wasnt/werent/wasnt + ving

9. Future will + be + ving will + not + be + ving wont + be + ving10. Present

Perfect

Continuous

have/has + been + ving have + not/has + not + ving havent/hasnt been + ving

11. Past had + been + ving had + not + been + ving hadnt + been + ving12. Future will + have + been + ving will + not + have + been + ving wont + have + been + ving


36/60

34

Tense Key Words Passive Voice

Tense + Passive (v.i./v.t.) / + Active (v.l.) - Passive (v.i./v.t.) / - Active (v.l.) - Passive (v.i./v.t.) / - Active (v.l.)v.aux / v.l. v.i./v.t v.aux / v.l. v.i./v.t v.aux / v.l. v.i./v.t

1. Present

Simple

am/are/is + am + not/are + not/is +

not +

arent/isnt +

2. Past was/were/was + was + not/were +not/was + not +

wasnt/werent/wasnt

+

3. Future will + be + will + not + be + wont + be +4. Present

Perfect

have/has + been + have + not/has + not + havent/hasnt been +

5. Past had + been + had + not + been + hadnt + been +6. Future will + have + been + will + not + have + been

+

wont + have + been +

7. Present

Continuous

am/are/is + being am + not/are + not/is +

not +

being arent/isnt + being

8. Past was/were/was + being was + not/were +not/was + not +

being wasnt/werent/wasnt

+

being

9. Future will + be + being will + not + be + being wont + be + being10. Present

Perfect

Continuous

have/has + been + being have + not/has + not + being havent/hasnt been + being

11. Past had + been + being had + not + been + being hadnt + been + being12. Future will + have + been + being will + not + have + been

+

being wont + have + been + being


37/60

35

? Interrogative / Question form

* Only the 1st

v.aux can swap with the subject

Normal form: e.g. Subject. 1st

v.aux Predicate e.g. Subject. 1st

v.aux Predicate

+ I have eaten cake. ? Have I eaten cake?

- I have not eaten cake. -? Have I not eaten cake?

Contracted form: e.g. Subject. 1st


v.aux Predicate

- I havent eaten cake. -? Havent I eaten cake?

No v.aux form: e.g. Subject. 1st


v.aux Predicate

+ I - eat cake. ? Do I eat cake?

v.aux


38/60

36

Writing Exercise (A)

V-TSubject Verb Object Clause Structure

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+Adj.

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+Adv.

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+N

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+Adj.

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+Adv.

v.l.S+V+Adv.


39/60

37

Writing Exercise (B)

V-TSubject Verb Object Clause Structure

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+Adj.

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+Adv.

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+N

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+Adj.

v.l.S+V+Adv.

v.t.S+V+O

v.i.S+V

v.l.S+V+N


40/60

38

Converting Active to Passive Voice

Transitive Verb Intransitive Verb


41/60

39

Example Structure

PRESENT PAST FUTURE

Active Voice Passive Voice Active Voice Passive Voice Active Voice Passive Voice

Simple Simple Simple

v1 vtb1 v2 vtb2 will + v1 will + be

+ I kick the ball. The ball is kicked byme.

I kicked the ball. The ball was kicked byme.

I will kick the ball. The ball will be kickedby me.

- I dont kick the ball. The ball isnt kicked byme. I didnt kick the ball. The ball wasnt kickedby me. I wont kick the ball. The ball wont bekicked by me.

+? Do I kick the ball? Is the ball kicked by

me?Did I kick the ball? Was the ball kicked by

me?Will I kick the ball? Will the ball be kicked

by me?

-? Do I not kick the ball? Is the ball not kicked

by me?

Did I not kick the ball? Was the ball not

kicked by me?

Will I not kick the ball? Will the ball not be

kicked by me?

-? Dont I kick the ball? Isnt the ball kickedby me?

Didnt I kick the ball? Wasnt the ballkicked by me?

Wont I kick the ball? Wont the ball bekicked by me?

Perfect Perfect Perfect

have / has + v3 have / has + been had + v3 had + been will + have + v3 will + have + been

+ I have kicked the ball. The ball has been

kicked by me.

I had kicked the ball. The ball had been

kicked by me.

I will have kicked the

ball.

The ball will have been

kicked by me.

- I havent kicked theball.

The ball hasnt beenkicked by me. I hadnt kicked the ball. The ball hadnt beenkicked by me. I wont have kicked theball. The ball wont havebeen kicked by me.

+? Have I kicked the ball? Has the ball beenkicked by me?

Had I kicked the ball? Had the ball beenkicked by me?

Will I have kicked theball?

Will the ball have beenkicked by me?

-? Have I not kicked the

ball?

Has the ball not been

kicked by me?

Had I not kicked the

ball?

Had the ball not

been kicked by me?

Will I not have kicked

the ball?

Will the ball not have

been kicked by me?

-? Havent I kicked the

ball?Hasnt the ball beenkicked by me?

Hadnt I kicked the

ball?Hadnt the ball beenkicked by me?

Wont I have kicked

the ball?Wont the ball havebeen kicked by me?


42/60

40

PRESENT PAST FUTURE

Active Voice Passive Voice Active Voice Passive Voice Active Voice Passive Voice

Continuous Continuous Continuousvtb1 + ving vtb1+ being vtb2 + ving vtb2 + being will + be+ ving will + be + being

+ I am kicking the ball. The ball is being kicked

by me.

I was kicking the ball. The ball was being

kicked by me.

I will be kicking the

ball.

The ball will be being

kicked by me.

- Im not kicking the ball. The ball isnt beingkicked by me. I wasnt kicking theball. The ball wasnt beingkicked by me. I wont be kicking theball. The ball wont bebeing kicked by me.

+? Am I kicking the ball? Is the ball being kicked

by me? Was I kicking the ball? Was the ball beingkicked by me? Will I be kicking theball? Will the ball be beingkicked by me?-? Am I not kicking the

ball?

Is the ball not being

kicked by me? Was I not kicking theball? Was the ball not beingkicked by me? Will I not be kickingthe ball? Will the ball not bebeing kicked by me?-? * Arent you kicking

the ball?

Isnt the ball being

kicked by me? Wasnt I kicking the

ball?

Wasnt the ball being

kicked by me? Wont I be kicking the

ball?

Wont the ball be

being kicked by me?

Perfect Continuous Perfect Continuous Perfect Continuous

have/has + been + ving have/has + been +

being

had+ been + ving had + been + being will + have + been +

ving

will + have + been +

being

+ I have been kicking the

ball.

The ball has been

being kicked by me.

I had been kicking the

ball.

The ball had been

being kicked by me.

I will have been kicking

the ball.

The ball will have been

being kicked by me.

- I havent been kickingthe ball.

The ball hasnt beenbeing kicked by me. I hadnt been kickingthe ball. The ball hadnt beenbeing kicked by me. I wont have beenkicking the ball. The ball wont havebeen being kicked by

me.+? Have I been kicking the

ball?

Has the ball been

being kicked by me? Had I been kicking theball? Had the ball beenbeing kicked by me? Will I have beenkicking the ball? Will the ball have beenbeing kicked by me?-? Have I not been kicking

the ball?

Has the ball not been

being kicked by me? Had I not been kickingthe ball? Had the ball not beenbeing kicked by me? Will I not have beenkicking the ball? Will the ball not havebeen being kicked byme?

-? Havent I been kickingthe ball?

Hasnt the ball beenbeing kicked by me? Hadnt I been kickingthe ball? Hadnt the ball beenbeing kicked by me? Wont I have beenkicking the ball? Wont the ball havebeen being kicked by

me?


43/60

41

5. Writing Exercise Active and Passive Voice

PRESENT TENSE (A)

PRESENT Simple PRESENT Simple

Active Voice Passive Voice

+

-

+?

-?

-?

PRESENT Perfect PRESENT Perfect


+

-

+?

-?

-?


44/60

42

PRESENT TENSE (B)

PRESENT Continuous PRESENT Continuous


+

-

+?

-?

-?

PRESENT Perfect Continuous PRESENT Perfect Continuous


+

-

+?

-?

-?


45/60

43

PAST TENSE (C)

PAST Simple PAST Simple


+

-

+?

-?

-?

PAST Perfect PAST Perfect


+

-

+?

-?

-?


46/60

44

PAST TENSE (D)

PAST Continuous PAST Continuous


+

-

+?

-?

-?

PAST Perfect Continuous PAST Perfect Continuous


+

-

+?

-?

-?


47/60

45

FUTURE TENSE (E)

FUTURE Simple FUTURE Simple


+

-

+?

-?

-?

FUTURE Perfect FUTURE Perfect


+

-

+?

-?

-?


48/60

46

FUTURE TENSE (F)

FUTURE Continuous FUTURE Continuous


+

-

+?

-?

-?

FUTURE Perfect Continuous FUTURE Perfect Continuous


+

-

+?

-?

-?


49/60

Adverbs


50/60

Types of Adverbs

Adverb 1 - Certainty

certainly

Adverb 2 - Frequency A

Adverb Translation Percentage

always / / / 100%

nearly / almost always / / 90%

usually / / 80%

very often / frequently / / 70%

often / / 60%

sometimes / 50%

occasionally / / 40%

seldom / 20%

hardly ever / almost never 10%

never / 0%

ever (normally used for questions) *** 0%

Adverb 3 - Manner

Adj. Adv.3 Manner


51/60

49

The Royal Order of Adverbs

1. Adverbs Order with Intransitive Verb (v.i.) S - V

Subject v.aux Adv.1 Adv.2 *Be Main Verb Adv.3 Object Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6 Adv.7

I am definitely always sleeping noisily on my bed in my room usually in May to annoy mysister

2. Adverbs Order with Transitive Verb (v.t.) S - V - O

Subject v.aux Adv.1 Adv.2 *Be Main Verb Object Adv.3 Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6 Adv.7

I am surely always drinking water loudly in the kitchen occasionally on Mondays for fun.

3. Adverbs Order with Linking Verb (v.l.) S - V - Adj

Subject v.l. Adv.1 Adv.2 *Be Adjective Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6 Adv.7

I am undoubtedly never happy at work normally during theholidays because I wantto be with my

family.

4. Adverbs Order with Linking Verb (v.l.) S - V - Adv

Subject v.l. Adv.1 Adv.2 *Be Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6 Adv.7

I am probably often at home generally before dinner so I can prepare

supper for

everybody.

5. Adverbs Order with Linking Verb (v.l.) S - V NSubject v.l. Adv.1 Adv.2 *Be Noun Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6 Adv.7

I am definitely always your teacher at school sometimes after hours so that you can

improve your

grades.


52/60

50

The Royal Order of Adverbs

Adverbs Order Time Emphasis

Time (when) Subject (who / what) v.l. Adv.2 (how often) Main Verb (do / does) Object (what) Adv.4 (where) Adv.6 (when)

Every morning John is alwayseating

breakfast in the kitchen at 7 A.M.

Adverbs Order Motion Verbs

Subject v.aux Adv.1 Adv.2 *Be Main Verb Adv.4 Object Adv.3 (by) Adv.5 Adv.6 Adv.7

I am definitely always going to school With my friend by bus usually every day to study.


53/60

The Royal Order of Adverbs - Vocabulary Guide

1. Certainty

certainly definitely probably undoubtedly surely

2. Frequency (a)

always repeatedly largely predominantly seldom

nearly spasmodically often sporadically rarely

almost always habitually normally typically hardly ever

constantly usually regularly generally almost never

continuously very often chiefly intermittently never

commonly frequently mostly infrequently

3. Manner

well (after verb) cleverly gently magnificently sadly

badly (after verb colorfully gracefully maturely safely

hard (after verb) comfortably mechanically secretly

fast (after verb) competitively guiltily mindlessly silently

abnormally confidently happily miraculously skillfully

accidentally cowardly harshly miserably sleepily

accurately crazily helpfully musically steadily

affectionately customarily hurriedly naturally suspiciously

anxiously deliberately imaginatively neatly tastefullyartfully delightfully irresponsibly noisily tenderly

awkwardly desperately jealously oddly terribly


54/60

The Royal Order of Adverbs - Vocabulary Guide

5. Frequency (b)

frequently normally often sometimes usually

generally occasionally regularly

6. Time

all (day, week, month, year)

all (morning, afternoon, evening, night)

every (day, week, month, year, lifetime)

every number (minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, decades, centuries)

every (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday)

every (morning, afternoon, evening, night)

every now and again

for (breakfast, brunch, lunch, supper, dinner)

for (days, weeks, months, years, several years)

for a (day, week, month, year, several years, lifetime)

for number (days, weeks, months, years, decades, centuries)

from time to time

once a (day, week, fortnight, month, year, lifetime)

once in a while

several times a (day, week, month, year, lifetime)since (1995, 2005)

since (January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December)


55/60

53

Adverb with Tenses and Active and Passive Voice

Adverbs Order with Intransitive Verb (v.i.) S + V

Active Voice

Tense Subject (v.a.) Adv.1 Adv.2 * Be Main Verb Adv.3 Object Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6

1 I certainly always sleep quietly on the bed in my room generally at night

4 I have certainly always slept quietly on the bed in my room generally at night

7 I am certainly always sleeping quietly on the bed in my room generally at night

10 I have certainly always been sleeping quietly on the bed in my room generally at night

Adverbs Order with Intransitive Verb (v.i.) S + VPassive Voice

Tense Subject (v.a.) Adv.1 Adv.2 * Be Main Verb Adv.3 Object Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6

1 The bed is certainly always slept quietly on by me in my room generally at night

4 The bed has certainly always been slept quietly on by me in my room generally at night

7 The bed is certainly always being slept quietly on by me in my room generally at night

10 The bed has certainly always been being slept quietly on by me in my room generally at night


56/60


57/60

55

2. Writing Exercise using Adverb Chart - Adverbs Order with Intransitive Verb (v.i.) S + V

Tense Passive Voice

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12


58/60

56

Adverb with Tenses and Active and Passive Voice

Adverbs Order with Transitive Verb (v.t.) S + V + O

Active Voice

Tense Subject (v.a.) Adv.1 Adv.2 * Be Main Verb Object Adv.3 Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6

2 I definitely always kicked the ball slowly in the park usually once a day

5 I had definitely always kicked the ball slowly in the park usually once a day

8 I was definitely always kicking the ball slowly in the park usually once a day

11 I had definitely always been kicking the ball slowly in the park usually once a day

Adverbs Order with Transitive Verb (v.t.) S + V + OPassive Voice

Tense Subject (v.a.) Adv.1 Adv.2 * Be Main Verb Object Adv.3 Adv.4 Adv.5 Adv.6

2 The ball was definitely always kicked by me slowly in the park usually once a day

5 The ball had definitely always been kicked by me slowly in the park usually once a day

8 The ball was definitely always being kicked by me slowly in the park usually once a day

11 The ball had definitely always been being kicked by me slowly in the park usually once a day


59/60

57

3. Writing Exercise using Adverb Chart - Adverbs Order with Transitive Verb (v.t.) S + V + O

Tense Active Voice

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12


60/60

4. Writing Exercise using Adverb Chart - Adverbs Order with Transitive Verb (v.t.) S + V + O

Tense Passive Voice

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

english grammar workbook for thai students

Documents