english ii material-b[1]

7/27/2019 English II Material-b[1]

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UNIDAD 6.Objectives

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What did you do over the weekend?

Functions

Objectives

Talking about past events in everyday colloquialEnglish

Talking about customary weekend recreationalactivities

Use various types of question and answerforms in the past tense: yes/no and wh-questions and affirmative/negative answers

Use the past tense forms of verbs of commoneveryday use

Use vocabulary related to weekend activities

How did the cricket match go?

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FRANK: How did the cricket match go on Saturday, Tom?TOM: I dont want to talk about it, we lost by 100 runs.FRANK: 100 runs! Who did you play, the local kindergarten school?TOM: (sarcastically) Ha! Ha! Very funny. We played against "amateurs" who lookedmore like professionals or semi/professionals to me.FRANK: Where did they get their players?TOM: Well, there were some people of Indian and Pakistani origin on their team and theywere probably from first-rate teams over there.


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FRANK: Did you score many runs yourself?TOM: No, I was bowled out on the first ball.FRANK: What! and you are the teams top scorer! What happened?TOM: It was an old trick. The bowler came up from behind my team-mate at the otherend and I couldnt see him until he threw the ball. I missed it.FRANK: What did you do about that?TOM: I protested, of course, but the official paid no attention.FRANK: Oh, come on. Youre just angry because your team lost.TOM: Angry, yes. But not because we lost. They broke the rules, not us. We didntbreakthe rules.

Practice

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Select the right word to provide a synonym for the following words. These wordscorrespond to the underlined words in theprevious reading:

1.We lost by 100 points.

2. We played against non-professional players

3.The players were from professional teams

4.Did you make many runs?


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5.You are the teams best player.

6.One of my fellow players was injured


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Practice 1

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Select True or False

1. Tom is not happy with the result of the cricket match.

2. Toms team didnt win.

3. The rival team had professional players.

4. Tom is a good cricket player.

5. Tom thinks the other team was dishonest.

6. Tom is very angry because his team lost.

7. The local kindergarten cricket team is better than Toms team.

8. Toms team lost badly.

More go + gerund: weekend activities


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In Week 5 we learned to use the combination go + gerund to refer to recreationalactivities performed during a trip or shortvacation. In every-day English, though, the verb GO is used in several combinations to talk about activities people normallydo in their free time, specially on weekends:

Weekend activities

Go

for +noun/nounphrase

a walk

a cup ofcoffee

drinks

We went fora cup ofcoffee in theafternoon


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to +noun/nounphrase

the park

the beach

the game

They wentto thecricketmatch onSaturday

out for +noun

dinner

lunch

They wentout fordinner onFriday

gerund

shopping

dancing

jogging

They wentjogging inthe morning

Practice 2

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Fill in the following blanks with an activity from the list:


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to the beach

out for lunch

swimming

for a cup of coffee

jogging

for a walk

shopping

to the Opera

1. We went in the park.

2. They went in Fort Lauderdale.

3. They went at 12:30 p.m.

4. I went for a new pair of shoes last Saturday.


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5. We went yesterday! It was an excellent workout.

6. They went The saw Aida, but didnt like it much.

7. The children went in the pool yesterday.

8. My friends went in Starbucks.

Negative Statements in Past Tense

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In week 5 you learned about forming the simple past tense form of regular verbs.You also learned that irregular verbs havea different verb form for the simple past. In this week you will learn to make negative statements in the past tense.

Changing from an affirmative to a negative statement in the past tense is very simple, all you have to do is use the auxiliarydid + not, or its contracted form, didnt + the simple form of your verb:

They broke the rules We didnt break the rules

This is true with all subjects, singular and plural, and all verbs, regular andirregular:


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I had

I didnt have

I didnt have fun at the game

You came

You didnt come

You didnt come to the movies

She went

She didnt go

She didnt go dancing on Friday

We liked

We didnt like

We didnt like that restaurant

You went

You didnt go

You didnt go out for dinner

They stayed

They didnt stay

They didnt stay until the end

except the verb to be:


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I was

I wasnt

I wasnt home on Saturday

You were

You werent

She/he/it was

He wasnt

He wasnt happy about the result

We were

We werent

You were

You werent

They were

They werent

They werent at the game on Sunday

Practice 3

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Fill in the blanks to make the following sentences negative:


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1. Toms team (won)

2. The rival team (had) professional players.

3. My father (was) a good soccer player.

4. The other team (was) dishonest.

5. Mitchell (scored) the winning goal.

6. The children (went) swimming in the pool allafternoon.

7. Toms sister (came) to visit last night.

8. We (found) bargain prices and sales at the mall!


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Yes/No questions in Past Tense

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To make a yes / no question, start with did, then the subject, then thesimple form of your verb:

Affirmative Yes/No question word order

Did + subject +simple form

Had

Did you have?

Did you have fun at thegame?

Came

Did you come?

Did you come home late onSaturday?

Went

Did you go?

Did you go to the movies lastweekend?

Stay

Did you stay?

Did you stay home on Fridaynight?

Was/were Was/were + subject Was she at home ?

No auxiliary is necessary Were you at the game?

Take the place of the auxiliary


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(before the subject)


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Sometimes, you also have to change the subject, to do this, what younormally do is use a different noun or pronoun:

The team lost the game

Did they lose the game?

I had fun at the game

Did you have fun at the game?

Practice 4

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Complete the following yes/no questions. Fill in the blanks with did +subject + simple form of the verb in parenthesis:

1. (go) to the beach yesterday?Yes, they went to the beach yesterday.

2. (see)the tennis match on Television?No, I didnt. I saw the results on the news last night.

3. (go) out for lunch at 12:00?No, she went out for lunch at 12:30 p.m.

4. (find) the new pair of shoes she wanted?Yes, she did. She found a beautiful pair of shoes at TheShoeOutlet.

5. (sleep) late on Sunday?Yes, he slept until 11 a.m.


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6. (watch) television last night?No, I didnt. I rented a movie instead.

7. (have) breakfast at the new cafeteria around thecorner?Yes, I did. I had pancakes and scrambled eggs. It wasvery good!


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8. (get) the new book they were looking for?No, they didnt. It was sold out.

Answering Yes / No questions

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Lets take this question:

Did you go to the movies?

To answer, start with:

Yes, +affirmative

Yes, I went to the movies

Or

No, + negative

No, I didnt go to themovies

A short answer is also possible, and very common whenspeaking:


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Yes, I did

No, I didnt

Answering Yes / No questions

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Lets take this question:


To answer, start with:

Yes, +affirmative

Yes, I went to the movies

Or

No, + negative

No, I didnt go to the

movies

A short answer is also possible, and very common whenspeaking:


Yes, I did

No, I didnt

Wh- Questions in Simple Past

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Wh- questions are also called information questions, and they are used


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to get information that you dont know. Wh-questions in the past tenseare formed as follows:

You can make a Wh- question to get information that is either in thesubject or the predicate of your answer.

Lets take the following answer:


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Luis

talked to Gina in the garage

SUBJECT

PREDICATE

If you want to know who talked to Gina, then youre looking forinformation that is in the subject of your answer.

But if you want to know where they talked, then your information isin the predicate of your answer.

This is important because wh- questions are formed in two differentways, depending on the part of the answer (subject or predicate)where the desired information is.

Questions about the subject

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To make a question about the subject, simply addwho to the beginning of your yes / no question. Thenremove the subject.

Note: the subject becomes part of your answer. Lookat the following example:

Did Luis talk to Gina in thegarage?

Who talked to Gina in thegarage?

Luis talked to Gina in the


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garage

Questions about the predicate

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To make a Wh- question about the predicate, simplyadd a wh- word (what, where, when, how, howmuch, etc) to the beginning of your yes / noquestion.

Note: the rest of your yes / no question disappearsand becomes part of your answer. Look at thefollowing examples:

Did you go outdinner?

When did you go out todinner?

I went to dinneryesterday.

Were you at the mall onSaturday afternoon?

Where were you onSaturday afternoon ?I was at the mall.


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Practice 5

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Complete these questions. Fill in the blanks with the auxiliary did + a verb insimple form or with the verb insimple past. Read the answers carefully to get clues about what to ask.

What you ?

We ate pizza.

Where your parents ?

My parents went to a concert.

When the game ?

The game started at five oclock

Who the most goals?

They did! Our team lost 7 to 1. What a waste!


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Practice 5

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Complete these questions. Fill in the blanks with the auxiliary did + a verb in

simple form or with the verb in simple past. Read theanswers carefully to get clues about what to ask.


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Which restaurant he to?

He went to the Italian restaurant across the street from our apartment.

What you on Sunday?

We didnt do anything, we watched TV all day.

When the children swimming?

They went swimming on Friday.

Where the students . last Friday?

The students went to a party in South Beach

Practice 6

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Anna is talking to her friend Martha about what she did over the weekend. Fill in the blanks with the verb in parenthesis in affirmative,negative or question form.

(-) indicates negative, ex. go (-) = didnt go.


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Anna: I (have) a great time last weekend. Let me tell you about it! On Friday night we (go) to the movies.

Martha: Oh, yes? What (see) ?

Anna: We (see) a French movie with Gerard Depardieu. It (be) very funny.

Then on Saturday, I (have) (-) to clean my room because a maid came and dit it for me. At noon, I went out for lunch with

my friends from the Gym.We (go) to this new Ethiopian restaurant downtown.

Martha: I know. It (open) last month. Is it any good?

Anna: Yes, very. The food is different, thoughMartha: I imagine, What (have) ?


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Anna: Well, we (have) a little bit of everything. We (order) a sample dish thatincluded different kinds of meats, poultryand vegetables.

Martha: WOW! Sounds good! What about Sunday?Anna: Sunday was the best. My friend from Chicago (come) by surprise and (take)me out shopping.

Then we went for dinner and then dancing until I (drop) It was a lot of fun. Wereally had a blast!!!!!

Speaking

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Answer the following questions about your routine weekend activities.Write complete sentences on the clipboard and save them on a text document.Then record your answers and send them to your instructor by mail.

1. What did you do on Friday night?

2. What did you do on Saturday morning?

3. Did you go out to dinner on Saturday night?

4. Did you sleep late on Sunday?

4. When was the last time you went to the movies?

5. What was the last movie you rented? When?

6. Did you go swimming last week?

8. Who did you go out with last week?

Writing

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1. Fill in the blanks with the right word from the list:

points

score

arrangements

sunburns

amateurs

rough

trip

vacancy

1. We asked everywhere, but there was no We had to sleep in the car.

2. Our team is excellent, but today they played like .

3. We tried hard, but we didnt The other team won.

4. The journey was very There was a storm and the ship moved like crazy.

5. On my next vacation, I want to take a to the Galapagos.


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6. She is making for her trip. She has already made hotel and flight reservations. Now she islooking for a nice guided tour of the city.

7. Wearing sunblock is the only way to prevent .

8. Our soccer team is 3 from the top team.

1. Modals of Advice

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Select the right modal of advice according to the situation:


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1. I think you take dancing lessons.

2. The teacher said I pay more attention in class.

3. His boss told him he finish the report by tonight.

4. I think he finish the report, or he will be fired.

5. I think they clean up their apartment. Its very messy!

6. I think you do your homework before your mother tells you again.

2. Modals of Advice

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Complete the following sentences with a modal of advice and a verb from the list:(-) indicates the modal verb is in negative form: shoudnt / d better not

wear

lock

hurry

do

stay


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be

buy

change

1. My grandma believes that modern parents more strict with their children.

2. You or you will miss your train.

3. I think she a daily planner. Shes always forgetting things!

4. I think you those shoes to school. They are not black and the uniform requires black shoes.

5. Come on, you this. You will regret it afterwards

6. He the oil in his car. Its been more than 10000 miles since he last did it

7. I think you the cars door. This neighborhood is not safe anymore!

8. He looks horrible! He in bed and drink this soup I made for him.

3. Imperatives


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Off line: Prepare a list of ten things a person should do when driving from onedestination toanother.

Write ten commands using the imperative.

Send the list to your instructor by mail.

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5. Past Tense

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Complete the following conversation. Use affirmative past tense verbs and questions with the auxiliary Did / did + simple form of theverb:

Alice: Tell me about your cruise!John: It (be) fantastic. We (have) a great time.


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Alice: What you (do) ?

John: Well, first we (go) to Key West.

We (get) off and (go) for a walk.


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We went to some of the museums and (have) lunch in a Brazilian restaurant there.

Alice: you go to the beach?

Martha: No, we didnt. We didnt have time. We (be) at the beach many times during the cruise. We went to a

beautiful beach at the Mayan Riviera.We even (go) swimming with sea animals, some stingrays and dolphins.It was magnificent!

John: WOW! That must have been great. What about water sports? you practice anyof them?

Alice: Yes, We went skiing and parasailing. We also went snorkeling. It was really unforgettable.

Writing

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READING COMPREHENSION

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CRICKET

For the average American, the green insect which vibrates its back legs to makea shrill sound is muchmore familiar than the English summer game of the same name. The only thing theyhave in common isthat they are both a summer phenomenon.

The American observer is puzzled at what seems to be a static, immobile game where only one personmoves: the bowler. The bowlers objective is to throw (bowl) the ball and hit three perpendicular stickswhich they call a wicket at a distance of about 4 to 5 meters. If he hits the wicket with the ball then the

defending player is out and the players on the opposing team shout in obvious delight.

The only problem is that a man with a cricket bat is in front of the wicket andtries to hit the ball. If heconnects, he runs to the other end, in a straight line, while the other player at the other end does the same.Every time they reach the opposite end of the pitch they score a run (only one between the two of them).


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Meanwhile the opposing players scramble to get the ball back to the playing area.. If the player who hit theball, or his team mate, does not arrive at the wicket before an opposing team player touches the wicket withthe ball in his hand, that player is "out." Then the next of the 11 members of the team comes out to take hisplace.

Note : Click on the Red Book for a Vocabulary

Practice

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UNIDADES 8.Objectives

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OH! My Back!

Functions

Objectives

Talking about illnesses,ailments and injuries.


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Talking about body partsand symptoms, aches,pains and sore parts.

Use verbs of obligation asrelated to takingprescriptions and medicines

Use have/have got todesignate symptoms andailments.

Use prepositional phrasesand adverbs of frequency to


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specify amount andfrequency.

OH! My Back

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A visit to the doctor.

(Jill and husband Mike Pickles are at home)JILL: Oh, my back! It hurts when I stand up.MIKE: You shouldnt be bending down so much.You do that all day at work.JILL: I know. I was bending down yesterday whenI felt a sharp pain in my back. Now, I have aconstant backache.MIKE: I think you ought to see a doctor. Youshould change your job, too. Im worried about theheadaches youre suffering from these days.JILL : Me, too. Well, maybe youre right. I wasntsuffering from these headaches before I startedworking there.

(Next day in the waiting room at the doctors) (Jill is talking to apatient)

YOUNG WOMAN: ..Yes, the doctor says Ive got to keep out ofthe sun. I was lying on the beach for some time when I my back


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began to itch. Now its red and sore and itching again. It was


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itching all night until my husband put some ice on it.My eyes arealso sore from the salt water. Its getting me down.JILL: Poor girl, you shouldnt overdo the beach or else you willget a bad sunburn. Ive got problems with my back.DOCTOR: (appearing suddenly) Next patient, please!

(In the doctors office)

DOCTOR: Tell me where it hurts Mrs Pickles. (He begins topoke her gently in the back)JILL: Yaaaaghhh!DOCTOR: Hmm! The pain is located here under the solarplexus. It looks like you need to rest for a while. Ill give yousome medicine to take but you need to rest more than anything.Are you suffering from headaches or any soreness in your body?JILL: Yes, doctor, I feel quite sore in my joints at the end of theday.DOCTOR: Well, I think youre overdoing it, Mrs Pickles. Youneed at least a month off from work.JILL: But doctor, I need the money!DOCTOR: Cant you get a less strenuous job?JILL: I dont know, Ill try.DOCTOR: You ought to try, Mrs Pickles. Ones health comes

first.

Practice 1

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Fill in the blanks with a synonym or an equivalent expression of theunderlined words from the reading. nic the right nic from the listbelow:


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exhausting

discomfort

irritated

torelax

nicial ewith

wellbeing

is painful

tickle andprickle

1.It when I stand up.

2. My back began to

3. Now my back is red and and itching again.

4. You shouldnt the beach or else you willget a sunburn.

5. You need more than anything.

6. Are you suffering from headaches or anyin your body?

7. Cant you get a less job?


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8. Ones comes first!

Review: Modals of Advice

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In week 3 you leaned to use modal verbs (should,ought to, had better) to give advice. These modalverbs, in addition to need to, are particularly useful,and quite common, in the context of a doctor whotells a patient how to take a medicine or take care ofan injury. Look at these examples from the reading:


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You shouldnt be bending down so much!

I think you ought to see a doctor. You should changeyour job, too.

Ill give you some medicine to take but you need to restmore than anything.

As you can see from the examples above, modal verbs are alwaysfollowed by another verb in simple form: be, see and rest, in this case.

Practice 3

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Here are some symptoms and their corresponding advice or solution. Fillin the blanks with the modal of advice in parenthesis + the simple form ofone of these verbs:

tolook

tosee

towear

totake

torub

todrink

togo

totake

Model: I have a stomachache. You (should) should take a few drops ofthis medicine.


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1.I hurt my foot and it is painful to wear shoes. You(should) sandals

2. I have a sunburn. My back itches. You (need to)your back with this soothing lotion twice aday.

3. I have a bad cold. You (need to) plenty ofwater.


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4. I suffer from recurrent headaches. You (ought to)a specialist.

5. His job is strenuous and poorly paid. He (should)for another job.

6. Here is the prescription for your allergy. You (need to)these pills three times a day.

7. I feel so bad I cant even open my eyes! You (d better)home and get some rest.

8. I have a fever and a sore throat. You (need to)

these antibiotics with every meal.

Prepositional Phrases and Adverbs of Frequency

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Prepositional Phrases:

Prepositional Phrases are an important component of the Englishlanguage.They consist of a preposition (Prep) (Click on the Red book for commonprepositions ) and its object (Obj. of the Prep.), normally anoun orpronoun:

In

the


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morning

Prep

Obj. of the Prep. (noun)

Prepositional phrases are used to give important information, such astime (at 3 oclock), place (in the doctors office), duration (for a week),etc.In the particular situation were dealing with in this unit: taking aboutsymptoms and taking prescriptions, prepositional phrases come in very


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handy to indicate amount and frequency. Look at the following examples:

In the morning/afternoon/evening

With food/water

At night

Before/after meals/going to bed

Between meals

nicial of Frequency

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Adverbs of frequency indicate how often something happens. They arevery useful to indicate how often you suffer from an illness or ailment.This frequency ranges from 100% (always) to 0% (never):

I always get a cold during the winterI never get a cold during the winter

Or in between:

Frequently

I frequently get a cold during the winter

Generally

I generally get a cold during the winter

Sometimes

I sometimes get a cold during the winter

Seldom

I seldom get a cold during the winter

Rarely


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I rarely get a cold during the winter

These words and expressions are also used to indicate frequency:


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Twice aday

You need to take these pills twice a day

3 times aday

You need to rub this on your neck 3 times a day

4 days aweek

You need to exercise 4 times a week

Every 3hours

You need to take this medicine every 3 hours: at12:00, at 3:00, at 6:00 and so on.

Speaking

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Complete the following dialogue. Make a printout of it and writeyour answers. Record your answers and send them to yourinstructor by mail. Be prepared to engage in similarconversation during class.

You: Choose a symptom from the vocabularysection and tell the doctor about it. Start with Ihave.Doctor: When did this start/happen?You: Say it started/happened a week ago.Doctor: How did this happen?You: Explain how. A) Choose one of thefollowing: you hurt your. / got a cold / stayedin the sun too long / exercised/ate too much, orb) state your own explanation


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Doctor: Do you have any other symptoms?You: Say you also have. (tell about anothersymptom)


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Doctor: How many times has this happened?You: Say it happened twice during the week(The doctor gives you a prescription and tells youhow to take the medicine: )Doctor: Im going to give you a prescription. Youshould take this medicine every 4 hours, withfood.You: Ask if you should take the medicine every 5hours.Doctor: No, not every 5 hours. Every 4 hours.You: Ask for how long.Doctor: For two weeks

Practice 7

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Match the following parts of the body as parts that ache [eik] or are sore [ sor ] ccording to the context.


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Refer back to Practice 1.

EXAMPLE

A: Oh, my throat , it hurts when I swallow.

B: Oh, sorry to hear you have a sore throat.

1. A: Oh, I that pizza was so good, but my poor stomach, oowww!B: You have a Im so sorry.

2. A: Oh swimming in the ocean was great but, oow!, my eyes.B: Oh, and they are red too. You have thats too bad.

3. A: Oh, my molar hurts. I must go to the dentists.

B: I feel for you, a is terrible.

4. A: Please, that musics so loud!! My poor head. I need an aspirin.B: Oh, you have a , Im sorry.

5. A: Ouch! That hurts. When I lift things my back hurts.B: Yes, you have a dont lift things.

6. A: Oh these shoes. I must take them off, theyre hurting me.B: Yes, new shoes can give you .


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A dialogue using functions

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Write a dialogue with the following functions. (Situation: your knee hurts you and you see the doctor).


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DOCTOR : Ask the patient how s/he feels.

YOUR NAME: Respond(Dont mention your knee)

DOCTOR: Ask what the problem is.

YOU: Explain that your knee hurts.

DOCTOR: (looks at the knee) Explain that the knee is swollen but its not serious.

YOU: Ask the doctor what s/he recommends.

DOCTOR: He recommends (You should.) that you rest and take aspirin.

YOU: Ask how often you should take the aspirin.

DOCTOR: Recommend three times a day after meals.

YOU: Thank the doctor.

DOCTOR: Respond Write the complete dialogue and send it by e-mail to your instructor.


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