english plus plus 4 - german wordlist.pdf · stay at home (v) /ˌsteɪ ət ... violence (n)...

Student’s Book 42 German Wordlist

PlusEnglish

Ben Wetz • Diana Pye

2English Plus Level 4 German Wordlist © Oxford University Press 2012

Starter unitdo exercise (v) /ˌdu: ˈeksəsaɪz/ I like to do exercise in the morning before school. Sport treibendownload music (v) /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd ˈmjuːzɪk/ I go online to download music and surf the

internet.Musik herunterladen

earn money (v) /ˌɜːn ˈmʌni/ I have a part-time job to earn money. Geld verdienenget bored (v) /ˌɡet ˈbɔːd/ I like to plan lots of activities so I don’t get bored. sich langweilenget up (v) /ˌɡet ˈʌp/ I love the weekends because I can get up late. aufstehengo online (v) /ˌɡəʊ ɒnˈlaɪn/ I love surfing the internet, so I go online a lot. online gehenhave a lie-in (v) /ˌhæv ə laɪ ˈɪn/ I usually have a lie-in on Sunday morning. lange schlafenpass exams (v) /ˌpɑːs ɪɡˈzæmz/ I’m studying hard so I’ll pass my exams. Prüfungen bestehenpresent (n) /ˈpreznt/ Who gave you a present for your last birthday? Geschenksend text messages (v) /ˌsend ˈtekst

ˌmesɪdʒɪz/Do you prefer to call your friends, or send text

messages?Textnachrichten / SMS

versenden spend money (v) /ˌspend ˈmʌni/ My dad hates to spend money, so we don’t go out

very often.Geld ausgeben

spend time (v) /ˌspend ˈtaɪm/ I spend time with my friends at the weekend. Zeit verbringenstay at home (v) /ˌsteɪ ət ˈhəʊm/ I get bored if I stay at home at the weekend. zu Hause bleibentext message (n) /ˈtekst ˌmesɪdʒ/ I’ll send her a text message to tell her I’ll be late. Textnachricht, SMStheme park (n) /ˈθiːm pɑːk/ When did you last go to a theme park or a zoo? Themenpark, Freizeitparkwatch TV (v) /ˌwɒtʃ ˌtiː ˈviː/ If I’m tired, I’ll stay at home and watch TV. fernsehen

Unit 1account (n) /əˈkaʊnt/ I have to write an account of the noughties for

homework.Bericht

assassination (n) /əˌsæsɪˈneɪʃn/ The assassination of President Kennedy was a tragic event.

Ermordung

at the bottom (adv phr)

/at ðə ˈbɒtəm/ I found a pen at the bottom of my bag. ganz unten

aware (adj) /əˈweə(r)/ People were more aware of issues such as poverty and war.

bewusst

bad language (n) /ˌbæd ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ My grandmother is shocked by the bad language on TV.

Kraftausdrücke, Fluchworte

ballroom (n) /ˈbɔːlruːm/ She used to go to a ballroom to dance. Tanzsaal, Ballsaalbig band (n) /ˈbɪɡ bænd/ A big band played jazz every Saturday. Big Bandblack-and-white TV (n) /ˌblæk ənd ˈwaɪt

ˌtiːˈviː/My grandparents used to have a black-and-white

TV.Schwarzweissfernseher

break up (v) /ˌbreɪk ˈʌp/ They always fight, and I think they might break up. sich trennencalculator (n) /ˈkælkjuleɪtə(r)/ Can you do maths without a calculator? Taschenrechnercarry (v) /ˈkæri/ This bag is too heavy for me to carry. tragencelebrate (v) /ˈselɪbreɪt/ How will you celebrate your birthday this year? feiernclothes (n pl) /kləʊðz/ I’m going shopping for some new clothes. Kleidung,

Kleidungsstückecolourful (adj) /ˈkʌləfl/ Colourful clothes were fashionable in the 1980s. bunt, farbenfrohcompete (v) /kəmˈpiːt/ How many people will compete in the tournament

tomorrow?antreten

craze (n) /kreɪz/ In the late 1990s, there was a craze for electronic pets.

Modewelle

crisis (n) /ˈkraɪsɪs/ During the energy crisis, people had to save electricity.

Krise

cut off (v) /ˌkʌt ˈɒf/ We didn’t pay our bill, so our electricity was cut off. abgestellendecade (n) /ˈdekeɪd/ Which decade do you think had the best music? Jahrzehnt

English Plus Level 4 German wordlist


disco (n) /ˈdɪskəʊ/ My parents met at a disco in the 1970s. Discodiscover (v) /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/ When did Isaac Newton discover gravity? entdeckeneconomy (n) /ɪˈkɒnəmi/ Think of a time when the world economy was

booming.Wirtschaft

elderly (adj) /ˈeldəli/ Do you think teenagers are respectful of elderly people?

älter

event (n) /ɪˈvent/ My cousin’s wedding was a memorable event. Ereignisexist (v) /ɪɡˈzɪst/ When I was born, mobile phones didn’t exist. existierenfashion (n) /ˈfæʃn/ I love 1950s fashion, especially the big skirts. Modefashionable (adj) /ˈfæʃnəbl/ It used to be fashionable for men to have long hair. in Modefestival (n) /ˈfestɪvl/ Have you ever been to a music festival? Festivalfond of (adj) /ˈfɒnd əv/ My grandmother was fond of jazz and swing

dancing.-freudig

gadget (n) /ˈɡædʒɪt/ My laptop is my favourite gadget. technische Spielerei, Gerät

get (v) /ɡet/ When I leave school, I’ll try to get a job. bekommenget better (v) /ˌɡet ˈbetə(r)/ I’m sorry you’re ill. I hope you get better soon! gesund werdenget home (v) /ˌɡet ˈhəʊm/ When I get home, I’ll eat dinner and then watch

TV.nach Hause kommen

get married (v) /ˌɡet ˈmærid/ My sister wants to get married, but her boyfriend doesn’t!

heiraten

get on with (v) /ˌɡet ˈɒn wɪð/ I don’t get on with my brother very well. We always argue.

sich mit ( jmdm.) verstehen

get the flu (v) /ˌɡet ðə ˈfluː/ People often get the flu in winter. Grippe bekommen get together (v) /ˌɡet təˈɡeðə(r)/ When did your parents get together? zusammenkommenget up (v) /ˌɡet ˈʌp/ I have to get up early tomorrow to get the 7 a.m.

train.aufstehen

get upset (v) /ˌɡet ʌpˈset/ Everything will be OK. Don’t get upset. sich aufregengravity (n) /ˈɡrævəti/ Isaac Newton discovered gravity. Anziehungskrafthairstyle (n) /ˈheəstaɪl/ The beehive is a hairstyle that was popular in the

past.Frisur

hang out (v) /ˌhæŋ ˈaʊt/ I usually hang out with my friends at the weekend. rumhängenhippy (adj) /ˈhɪpi/ The sixties was an era of long hair and hippy

clothes.Hippie-

iceberg (n) /ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/ Titanic hit an iceberg in 1912. Eisbergicon (n) /ˈaɪkɒn/ Who is your favourite film or music icon? Ikone, -ikoneinvent (v) /ɪnˈvent/ When did Mark Zuckerberg invent Facebook? erfindeninvention (n) /ɪnˈvenʃn/ I think the internet is a great invention. Erfindungissue (n) /ˈɪʃuː/ This is a big issue. We have to think more about it. Themajazz (n) /dʒæz/ I love to listen to live jazz. Jazz, Jazzmusikjob (n) /dʒɒb/ I started a part-time job when I was 16. Job keen on (adj) /kiːn ɒn/ Most teenagers aren’t keen on jazz today. begeistert vonleap (n) /liːp/ He jumped over the river with one giant leap. Satzlength (n) /leŋθ/ What length of skirt is popular now? Länge library (n) /ˈlaɪbrəri/ I’m going to the library to study for my exam. Bibliotheklive (adj) /laɪv/ I’d love to see my favourite band play live. livemankind (n) /mænˈkaɪnd/ We should look after the environment for the good

of mankind.Menschheit

media studies (n) /ˈmiːdiə ˌstʌdiz/ I want to do media studies at university. Medienwissenschaftenmemorable (adj) /ˈmemərəbl/ What was the most memorable event of the sixties? denkwürdigmiddle-aged (adj) /ˌmɪdl ˈeɪdʒd/ He’s a middle-aged man in his fifties. in den mittleren Jahrenmillennium (n) /mɪˈleniəm/ I celebrated the new millennium in New York. Millennium, Jahrtausendminiskirt (n) /ˈmɪniskɜːt/ The miniskirt was a craze of the sixties. Minirockmobile phone (n) /ˌməʊbaɪl ˈfəʊn/ The mobile phone was a new invention in the

1980s.Mobiltelefon, Natel

the noughties (n) /ðə ˈnɔːtiz/ The noughties were from 2000 to 2009. Nullerjahreopportunity (n) /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ This year we have the opportunity to go on a

school trip to France.Gelegenheit


outdoors (adv) /ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/ Running outdoors is much better than running in a gym.

im Freien

party (n) /ˈpɑːti/ I’m having a party at my house on Saturday. Partypay attention (v) /ˌpeɪ əˈtenʃn/ It’s difficult to pay attention at the end of the day. aufpassenpolite (adj) /pəˈlaɪt/ Some teenagers can be rude, but I always try to be

polite.höflich

poverty (n) /ˈpɒvəti/ There’s too much poverty in the world. Armutprotest (n) /ˈprəʊtest/ There’s a protest about ending poverty today. Protestprotest (v) /prəˈtest/ People often protest about war. protestierenrecord player (n) /ˈrekɔːd ˌpleɪə(r)/ My parents used to own a record player. Plattenspielerresearch (v) /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ I use the internet when I have to research

something for school.recherchieren

respectful (adj) /rɪˈspektfl/ Do you think people are respectful of older generations?

respektvoll

ride (v) /raɪd/ How old were you when you learnt to ride a bike? fahrenrun out (v) /ˌrʌn ˈaʊt/ We’ve run out of milk. Can you buy some more? ausgehensatellite (n) /ˈsætəlaɪt/ The calculator and the satellite were invented in

the sixties.Satellit

save up (v) /ˌseɪv ˈʌp/ It’ll take a while to save up for a new car. sparen shilling (n) /ˈʃɪlɪŋ/ A shilling is an old British coin. Schillingshock (v) /ʃɒk/ Does the bad language on TV shock you? schockierenskirt (n) /skɜːt/ Your skirt is too short. Go and change it! Rockspoilt (adj) /spɔɪlt/ I think that today’s children are more spoilt than in

the past.verwöhnt

step (n) /step/ Moving abroad is a big step, so think about it carefully.

Schritt

suit (n) /suːt/ My dad always wears a suit to work. Anzugtechnology (n) /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ There was a lot less computer technology in the

1970s.Technologie

toddler (n) /ˈtɒdlə(r)/ My little brother is just a toddler. Kleinkindtoy (n) /tɔɪ/ What was your favourite toy when you were a

child?Spielzeug

tragic (adj) /ˈtrædʒɪk/ The Second World War was a tragic time for my family.

tragisch

trendy (adj) /ˈtrendi/ Colourful clothes were trendy in the 1980s. in Modetrousers (n) /ˈtraʊzəz/ I wear trousers and a white shirt to work. Hose, Hosenuniform (n) /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ My mum thinks my school uniform is smart, but I

hate it!Uniform

upset (adj) /ʌpˈset/ I’m upset that my phone is broken. traurigvinyl (n) /ˈvaɪnl/ People played vinyl records in the 1970s. Vinyl violence (n) /ˈvaɪələns/ Alice doesn’t like the violence on TV today. Gewaltwar (n) /wɔː(r)/ Many people protested against the war in Vietnam. Kriegweapon (n) /ˈwepən/ A gun is a dangerous weapon. Waffewear (v) /weə(r)/ I like to wear fashionable clothes, so I go shopping

a lot.tragen

wide (adj) /waɪd/ Trousers with wide bottoms were popular in the 1970s.

weit

Unit 2accuse (v) /əˈkjuːz/ Don’t accuse me of things I haven’t done! beschuldigenaffect (v) /əˈfekt/ Arranged marriages affect some young people in

Britain.betreffen

agree (v) /əˈɡriː/ We couldn’t agree about what to do, so we stayed in.

sich einigen

apologize (v) /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ Did Daniel apologize for eating all your chocolate?

sich entschuldigen

argue (v) /ˈɑːɡjuː/ My brothers don’t get on well. They argue a lot. streiten


arranged marriage (n) /əˌreɪndʒd ˈmærɪdʒ/ Nita and Ravi had an arranged marriage, which their parents chose.

arrangierte Ehe

attach (v) /əˈtætʃ/ Can you attach a registration form? anhängenawesome (adj) /ˈɔːsəm/ We visited some awesome places on our holidays. grossartigawful (adj) /ˈɔːfl/ The food in that restaurant was awful. I’ll never eat

there again.furchtbar

beach volleyball (n) /ˈbiːtʃ ˌvɒlibɔːl/ I often play beach volleyball in the summer. Beachvolleyballboiling (adj) /ˈbɔɪlɪŋ/ It’s boiling! I need a cold shower to cool down. kochend heissbuild up (v) /ˌbɪld ˈʌp/ Some couples need to build up their relationship

over time.aufbauen

bungee jump (n) /ˈbʌndʒi ˌdʒʌmp/ I’ve never done a bungee jump. It looks terrifying. Bungee-Sprungcampsite (n) /ˈkæmpsaɪt/ We’re staying at a campsite this weekend. Campingplatzdoes not care (v) /dʌz nɒt keə(r)/ She’s selfish. She does not care about other people. (andere Leute) sind (ihr)

egal / sich nicht um etw. / jd. kümmern

change your mind (v) /ˌtʃeɪndʒ jɔː ˈmaɪnd/ Call me if you change your mind and decide to come out tonight.

deine Meinung ändern

choose (v) /tʃuːz/ I don’t want my parents to choose my future wife. auswählencommitment (n) /kəˈmɪtmənt/ Marriage is a big commitment, so wait until you

know you’re ready.Verpflichtung

complicated (adj) /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/ This exercise is complicated, but I think I did it correctly.

kompliziert

concentrate (v) /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ She thinks I should concentrate on my studies instead of my relationship.

sich konzentrieren

cost (v) /kɒst/ How much does the summer course cost? kostencourse (n) /kɔːs/ I met Andy on a diving course. Kurs crash (v) /kræʃ/ How did the car crash into a tree? knallendelicious (adj) /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ I love Indian food. It’s delicious. köstlichdiving (n) /ˈdaɪvɪŋ/ We went diving in the Red Sea. Tauchenenormous (adj) /ɪˈnɔːməs/ An elephant is an enormous animal. riesigexhausting (adj) /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪŋ/ I’ve had an exhausting day, so I just want to relax

tonight.anstrengend

failure (n) /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ Some couples fall out, and their marriage ends in failure.

Scheitern

fall out with (v) /ˌfɔːl ˈaʊt wɪð/ I don’t want to fall out with you, but you’ve really upset me.

sich mit ( jmdm.) zerstreiten

fascinating (adj) /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/ We watched a fascinating programme about computer games.

faszinierend

filthy (adj) /ˈfɪlθi/ Your shirt is filthy! Put on a clean one. schmutzigformal (adj) /ˈfɔːml/ My graduation was a formal occasion. feierlich, formellfreezing (adj) /ˈfriːzɪŋ/ I don’t want to go out. It’s freezing outside. eiskaltfunfair (n) /ˈfʌnfeə(r)/ If you want an unusual date, try going to a funfair. Jahrmarktfurious (adj) /ˈfjʊəriəs/ My dad was furious that I broke the computer. wütendget engaged (v) /ˌɡet ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/ My mother says I’m too young to get engaged. sich verlobenget married (v) /ˌɡet ˈmærid/ If you get married, you should still make time for

your friends.heiraten

get on with (v) /ˌɡet ˈɒn wɪð/ I don’t get on with my brother’s friends. They’re not very kind.

sich mit ( jmdm.) verstehen

get to know (v) /ˌɡet tə ˈnəʊ/ It takes a while to get to know people when you move to a new town.

kennen lernen

go out with (v) /ˌɡəʊ ˈaʊt wɪð/ I go out with my friends at the weekend. ausgehen mitgorgeous (adj) /ˈɡɔːdʒəs/ I met a gorgeous girl, but she already has a

boyfriend.wunderschön

have an argument (v) /ˌhæv ən ˈɑːɡjumənt/ Can we talk about this calmly? I don’t want to have an argument.

sich streiten

have got a lot in common (v)

/ˌhæv ɡɒt ə ˈlɒt ɪn ˈkɒmən/

I have got a lot in common with my friends, so we have a lot to talk about.

viel gemeinsam haben

hilarious (adj) /hɪˈleəriəs/ The film was hilarious. I couldn’t stop laughing! urkomisch


horror film (n) /ˈhɒrə(r) ˌfɪlm/ We watched a horror film last night, but it wasn’t very scary.

Horrorfilm

introduce to (v) /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs tə/ Let me introduce you to my friend Tom. jmdm. vorstellenlink (n) /lɪŋk/ I’ve attached a link to the course website. Linklonely (adj) /ˈləʊnli/ I’ve just moved to a new town and I feel lonely. einsammake friends (v) /ˌmeɪk ˈfrendz/ I’ve started a new school and I’m finding it hard to

make friends.Freunde finden

make up with (v) /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp wɪð/ I’ve fallen out with my friend, but I’m trying to make up with her.

sich vertragen mit

meet (v) /miːt/ You need to go out and meet new people. treffen, kennen lernenmemorable (adj) /ˈmemərəbl/ My trip to Paris was very memorable. unvergesslichmoonlight (n) /ˈmuːnlaɪt/ We walked along the beach, in the moonlight. Mondscheinoccasion (n) /əˈkeɪʒn/ My sister’s wedding was a very special occasion. Anlassoutstanding (adj) /aʊtˈstændɪŋ/ The view from the top of the mountain was

outstanding.hervorragend

partner (n) /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/ In my country, parents choose a partner for their children.

Ehepartner

practice (n) /ˈpræktɪs/ Not everybody agrees with the practice of arranged marriages.

Brauch, Gepflogenheit

prefer (v) /prɪˈfɜː(r)/ I usually prefer coffee to tea. bevorzugenrelationship (n) /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ She thinks I’m too young to have a serious

relationship.Beziehung

rely (v) /rɪˈlaɪ/ A friend is someone you can rely on. sich verlassenrequire (v) /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ All relationships require commitment. erfordernrespect (v) /rɪˈspekt/ I respect my parents and I don’t want to upset

them.respektieren

revolting (adj) /rɪˈvəʊltɪŋ/ This food is revolting. I can’t eat it! ekelhaftsalsa (n) /ˈsælsə/ I’m learning to dance salsa at the moment. Salsashout (v) /ʃaʊt/ I had to shout at the party because the music was

so loud.schreien

soaked (adj) /səʊkt/ It started to rain and we got soaked. durchnässtsoaking (adj) /ˈsəʊkɪŋ/ You’re soaking! Here’s a towel. triefend nass, klatschnass spotless (adj) /ˈspɒtləs/ The kitchen was spotless after I cleaned it. makellos sauberstatus (n) /ˈsteɪtəs/ I want an important job that will give me money

and status.Ansehen

suffer (v) /ˈsʌfə(r)/ I suffer from bad headaches. leidensushi (n) /ˈsuːʃi/ We ate sushi, and then we watched a film. Sushiterrifying (adj) /ˈterɪfaɪɪŋ/ I went bungee jumping, and it was terrifying. furchterregendtiny (adj) /ˈtaɪni/ My apartment is tiny, but I love it. winzigtradition (n) /trəˈdɪʃn/ In some cultures, arranged marriages are an

important tradition.Tradition

understanding (adj) /ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ/ You have to be understanding and patient with your partner.

verständnisvoll

underwater (adv) /ˌʌndəˈwɔːtə(r)/ I don’t like swimming underwater. It makes me nervous.

unter Wasser

unforgettable (adj) /ˌʌnfəˈɡetəbl/ Doing a bungee jump was an unforgettable experience.

unvergesslich

unpleasant (adj) /ʌnˈpleznt/ I think spicy food is very unpleasant. widerlich, unangenehmwedding (n) /ˈwedɪŋ/ We’ve invited all of our family and friends to our

wedding.Hochzeit

Unit 3acupuncture (n) /ˈækjupʌŋktʃə(r)/ Alternative treatments like acupuncture can be

effective.Akupunktur

aggressiveness (n) /əˈɡresɪvnəs/ Therapy can help behavioural problems like aggressiveness.

Aggressivität


alternative medicine (n)

/ɔːlˌtɜːnətɪv ˈmedsn/ Which do you think is better, alternative medicine or conventional medicine?

Alternativmedizin

anaesthetic (n) /ˌænəsˈθetɪk/ Before the 19th century, doctors didn’t have anaesthetic.

Narkosemittel, Anästhetikum

antibiotic (n) /ˌæntibaɪˈɒtɪk/ The doctor gave me an antibiotic for my throat infection.

Antibiotikum

antiseptic (adj) /ˌæntiˈseptɪk/ You should put an antiseptic cream on that cut. antiseptischapitherapy (n) /eɪpiˈθerəpi/ Apitherapy uses bee stings to help people with

arthritis.Apitherapie

aroma (n) /əˈrəʊmə/ Heat the essential oil and inhale the aroma. Aroma, Duftaromatherapy (n) /əˌrəʊməˈθerəpi/ Aromatherapy is popular in many countries,

especially France.Aromatherapie

arthritis (n) /ɑːˈθraɪtɪs/ Some specialists in China use bee stings to help people with arthritis.

Arthritis

ban (v) /bæn/ I think we should ban animal testing. verbietenbath (n) /bɑːθ/ You can put essential oils in your bath to help you

relax.Bad

bee (n) /biː/ I was stung by a bee in the garden. Bienebenefit (v) /ˈbenɪfɪt/ You don’t have to visit a therapist to benefit from

aromatherapy.Nutzen ziehen,

profitierenblood pressure (n) /ˈblʌd ˌpreʃə(r)/ My doctor told me I have high blood pressure. Blutdruckbrain (n) /breɪn/ Therapists believe aromatherapy can relax the

body and brain.Gehirn

broken (adj) /ˈbrəʊkən/ I can’t play any sports for a while because I have a broken leg.

gebrochen

bubble (n) /ˈbʌbl/ Rob could only survive inside a sterile bubble or room.

Blase

burn (n) /bɜːn/ Lavender oil can be used to treat a burn. Brandwundecall on (v) /ˈkɔːl ˌɒn/ How often do you call on family or friends? besuchencalm (adj) /kɑːm/ My dog does not like to run and play. He’s very

calm.ruhig

cancer (n) /ˈkænsə(r)/ I hope that doctors find a cure for cancer one day. Krebscause (n) /kɔːz/ What is the main cause of cancer? Ursachecause (v) /kɔːz/ How many deaths did the flu epidemic cause? verursachencentenarian (n) /ˌsentɪˈneəriən/ My great-grandmother is 100, so she’s a

centenarian.Hundertjährige

century (n) /ˈsentʃəri/ A century is 100 years. Jahrhundertchemist (n) /ˈkemɪst/ I have to go to the chemist to buy some medicine. Apothekeclear (adj) /klɪə(r)/ The anti-drugs campaign gives a clear message to

young people.deutlich

clever (adj) /ˈklevə(r)/ He’s very clever, and he wants to study medicine. klugclone (n) /kləʊn/ I hope scientists won’t ever make a clone of a

human.Klon

clone (v) /kləʊn/ Scientists are now able to clone animals. klonencold (n) /kəʊld/ I don’t feel well. I have a cold. Erkältungconcentrated (adj) /ˈkɒnsntreɪtɪd/ Essential oils are concentrated liquids from plants

and trees.konzentriert

connection (n) /kəˈnekʃn/ There’s a strong connection between humans and animals.

Verbindung

control (n) /kənˈtrəʊl/ We need to have better control of the situation. Kontrollecosmetics (n pl) /kɒzˈmetɪks/ I don’t think shampoos or cosmetics should be

tested on animals.Kosmetika

cream (n) /kriːm/ Fish therapy can be more effective than a skin cream.

Creme

cruel (adj) /kruːəl/ I think animal testing is cruel. grausamcure (n) /kjʊə(r)/ Is there a cure for the common cold? Heilung, Heilmittelcure (v) /kjʊə(r)/ In the future, doctors will be able to cure more

diseases.heilen


cut down on (v) /ˌkʌt ˈdaʊn ɒn/ I’m trying to cut down on sugar. reduzierendefective (adj) /dɪˈfektɪv/ His immune system was defective, so he was ill all

the time.gestört

depression (n) /dɪˈpreʃn/ Zootherapy can help depression or loneliness. Depressiondevelop (v) /dɪˈveləp/ Doctors are trying to develop a cure for cancer. entwickelndevelopment (n) /dɪˈveləpmənt/ Animal testing has helped the development of

many new drugs.Entwicklung

dilute (v) /daɪˈljuːt/ Dilute the oil and massage it into your skin. verdünnendirect (adj) /dəˈrekt, dɪ- daɪ-/ The message is too subtle. It needs to be more

direct.direkt

discover (v) /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/ Scientists hope to discover a cure for AIDS. entdeckendiscovery (n) /dɪˈskʌvəri/ The discovery of antibiotics changed medicine

forever.Entdeckung

disease (n) /dɪˈziːz/ He suffers from a blood disease. Krankheitdrug (n) /drʌɡ/ The drug the doctor gave me caused bad

headaches.Medikament

effect (n) /ɪˈfekt/ Doctors say that animal therapy has a positive effect.

Wirkung

efficient (adj) /ɪˈfɪʃnt/ I’m a fast and efficient worker. tüchtigenjoyment (n) /ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt/ People get a lot of enjoyment from animals. Freudeepidemic (n) /ˌepɪˈdemɪk/ There was a global flu epidemic in 1918. Epidemieessential oil (n) /ɪˌsenʃl ˈɔɪl/ An essential oil is a concentrated liquid from a

plant or tree.ätherisches Öl

evidence (n) /ˈevɪdəns/ Some scientists say there is no evidence that aromatherapy works.

Beweis

experiment (n) /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ I’m not confident that the experiment will work. Experimentexperiment (v) /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ I don’t think scientists should experiment with

human clones.experimentieren

fight (v) /faɪt/ His body couldn’t fight the disease. (be)kämpfenflu (n) /fluː/ I’m off sick today with the flu. Grippegene therapy (n) /ˌdʒiːn ˈθerəpi/ In the future, scientists will use gene therapy to

cure disease.Gentherapie

get over (v) /ˌɡet ˈəʊvə(r)/ Talking to people can help you get over problems. überwindengive up (v) /ˌɡɪv ˈʌp/ You should give up smoking because it’s so bad for

your health.aufgeben

go without (v) /ˌɡəʊ wɪˈðaʊt/ Try to go without dessert sometimes. verzichten aufherbalism (n) /ˈhɜːbəlɪzəm/ Herbalism is a kind of alternative medicine that

uses plants.Kräuterheilkunde

homeopathy (n) /ˌhəʊmiˈɒpəθi, ˌhɒmi-/

My uncle chose homeopathy instead of normal medicine.

Homöopathie

hydrotherapy (n) /ˌhaɪdrəʊˈθerəpi/ Hydrotherapy is the treatment of disease or injury by doing exercises in water.

Hydrotherapie

illness (n) /ˈɪlnəs/ I was off school for two weeks with a horrible illness.

Krankheit

imaginary (adj) /ɪˈmædʒɪnəri/ The effects of animal therapy are real, not imaginary.

eingebildet, imaginär

immune system (n) /ɪˈmjuːn ˌsɪstəm/ Your body’s immune system fights against illness. Immunsysteminfect (v) /ɪnˈfekt/ How can someone with the flu infect someone else? ansteckeninfection (n) /ɪnˈfekʃn/ I need antibiotics for my a throat infection. Entzündung inhale (v) /ɪnˈheɪl/ You can heat an essential oil and inhale the aroma. einatmen, inhaliereninject (v) /ɪnˈdʒekt/ She has to inject herself with medicine every day. spritzeninjection (n) /ɪnˈdʒekʃn/ The nurse gave her an injection to help with the

pain.Spritze, Injektion

injury (n) /ˈɪndʒəri/ His injury prevented him from finishing the race. Verletzungintelligence (n) /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ Someone with high intelligence understands things

quickly.Intelligenz

lavender (n) /ˈlævəndə(r)/ Lavender is a plant with purple flowers and a sweet smell.

Lavendel


legal (adj) /ˈliːɡl/ I don’t think drugs should be made legal. legalloneliness (n) /ˈləʊnlinəs/ Having a pet can help to decrease loneliness. Einsamkeitmalaria (n) /məˈleəriə/ A mosquito bite can cause malaria. Malariamassage (v) /ˈmæsɑːʒ/ Massage the essential oil into your skin. massierenmature (v) /məˈtʃʊə(r)/ Animals mature faster than humans. alternmicroscopic (adj) /ˌmaɪkrəˈskɒpɪk/ A nanobot is a microscopic robot. mikroskopisch kleinmood (n) /muːd/ I’ve had a great day, so I’m in a really good mood. Launenanobot (n) /ˈnænəʊbɒt/ A nanobot is a tiny robot that treats disease from

inside someone’s body.Nanobot

non-essential (adj) /ˌnɒn ɪˈsenʃl/ Cosmetics and shampoos are non-essential items. nicht lebensnotwendigobesity (n) /əʊˈbiːsəti/ People are eating more and exercising less, so

obesity is a problem.Fettleibigkeit, Adipositas

operate (v) /ˈɒpəreɪt/ In the past, doctors had to operate on patients without anaesthetic.

operieren

operation (n) /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ I’ve been having trouble with my knee, and I need an operation.

Operation

osteopathy (n) /ˌɒstiˈɒpəθi/ Osteopathy can help people with back pain. Osteopathiepain (n) /peɪn/ I suffered a lot of pain when I broke my arm. Schmerzpractitioner (n) /prækˈtɪʃənə(r)/ I’m a practitioner of alternative medicine. Praktiker, Fachmannprevent (v) /prɪˈvent/ In the future, we will probably be able to prevent

people getting colds.verhindern

prevention (n) /prɪˈvenʃn/ Research into the prevention of disease is very important.

Prävention

radiation (n) /ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/ Marie Curie did many experiments with radiation.

Strahlung

reflexology (n) /riːfleksˈɒlədʒi/ Reflexology involves rubbing someone’s feet to help other parts of their body.

Reflexzonenmassage

replace (v) /rɪˈpleɪs/ I think computer models should be used to replace animal testing.

ersetzen

research (n) /rɪˈsɜːtʃ, ˈriːsɜːtʃ/ Do you think animals should be used in medical research?

Forschung

robot (n) /ˈrəʊbɒt/ A robot is a machine that can do some things that humans do.

Roboter

sadness (n) /ˈsædnəs/ Animal therapy can help to cure depression and sadness.

Traurigkeit

shiatsu (n) /ʃiˈætsuː/ Shiatsu is a Japanese therapy that uses massage. Shiatsuskin (n) /skɪn/ Fish therapy is used to treat infections of the skin. Hautspecialist (n) /ˈspeʃəlɪst/ I had to see a specialist about my skin infection. Facharztspread (n) /spred/ The internet helps the spread of information. Verbreitungsterile (adj) /ˈsteraɪl/ He had to be kept in a sterile environment to

prevent disease.steril

sting (n) /stɪŋ/ I have a painful bee sting on my arm. Stichstrict (adj) /strɪkt/ There should be strict controls on animal testing. strengstrong (adj) /strɒŋ/ The anti-smoking campaign gives a strong

message.überzeugend

subtle (adj) /ˈsʌtl/ I like your poster. The message is very subtle. subtilsuffer (v) /ˈsʌfə(r)/ I suffer from terrible headaches. leidensuffering (n) /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ Anaesthetics prevent pain and suffering. Leidensuggest (v) /səˈdʒest/ I suggest you go out for a walk if you’re feeling

bored.vorschlagen

survive (v) /səˈvaɪv/ Did anyone survive the crash? überlebentake up (v) /ˌteɪk ˈʌp/ You should take up a sport to get more exercise. beginnen, aufnehmentechnique (n) /tekˈniːk/ I’m going to art classes to improve my drawing

technique.Technik

transplant (n) /ˈtrænsplɑːnt, trænz-/ A heart transplant is a long and complicated operation.

Transplantation

transplant (v) /trænsˈplɑːnt, trænz-/ Surgeons can transplant body parts to save lives. transplantieren, verpflanzen


treat (v) /triːt/ Do you believe alternative medicine can treat disease?

behandeln

treatment (n) /ˈtriːtmənt/ Rob’s treatment allows him to live a normal life. Behandlungturn off (v) /ˌtɜːn ˈɒf/ You should turn off your TV and computer more

often.ausschalten, abschalten

unusual (adj) /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ You have a very unusual name. Where does it come from?

ungewöhnlich

vaccine (n) /ˈvæksiːn/ A vaccine is used to prevent someone getting a serious illness.

Impfstoff

weak (adj) /wiːk/ His argument isn’t very good. It’s too weak. schwachwork out (v) /ˌwɜːk ˈaʊt/ I work out in the gym twice a week. trainierenX-ray (n) /ˈeks reɪ/ The doctor took an X-ray of my leg to see if it was

broken.Röntgenaufnahme

zootherapy (n) /zuːˈθerəpi/ Zootherapy is the use of animals in alternative medicine.

Tiertherapie

Unit 4aboard (adv) /əˈbɔːd/ ‘This is your captain speaking. Welcome aboard

the ship.’an Bord

accommodation (n) /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ It’s cheaper to book accommodation online. Unterkunftactivity holiday (n) /ækˈtɪvəti ˌhɒlədeɪ/ We’re going on an activity holiday this summer. Aktivurlaubadventure holiday (n) /ədˈventʃə(r)

ˌhɒlədeɪ/I was exhausted at the end of our adventure

holiday.Abenteuerurlaub

advice (n) /ədˈvaɪs/ I don’t know what to do. Can you give me some advice?

Rat

advise (v) /ədˈvaɪz/ I’d advise you not to take too much luggage. ratenappreciate (v) /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ Local people appreciate it when you try to speak

their language.schätzen

binoculars (n) /bɪˈnɒkjələz/ I love bird watching, so I’m taking my binoculars. Fernglasboard (v) /bɔːd/ People with children can board the plane now. einsteigen in, an Bord

gehenbook (v) /bʊk/ If you book flights early, they cost less. buchenbrochure (n) /ˈbrəʊʃə(r)/ This brochure gives you more information about

our tours.Broschüre

budget (adj) /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ We stayed in budget accommodation to save money.

preisgünstig

camp (v) /kæmp/ We’re going to camp for three nights, then stay in a hotel.

zelten

cave (n) /keɪv/ He’s booked a day trip to visit a famous cave. Höhlechange course (v) /ˌtʃeɪndʒ ˈkɔːs/ We’ll inform you if we have to change course. den Kurs änderncheck in (v) /ˌtʃek ɪn/ How much luggage did you check in? eincheckencity break (n) /ˈsɪti ˌbreɪk/ We’re going on a city break to Rome. Städtereisecoach tour (n) /ˈkəʊtʃ ˌtɔː(r)/ My grandparents went on a coach tour around

Italy.Busreise

come across (v) /ˈkʌm əˌkrɒs/ Tell me if you come across anything interesting. stossen aufcrew (n) /kruː/ The crew on the ship was very helpful. Besatzungcruise (n) /kruːz/ My parents are going on a Caribbean cruise. Kreuzfahrtcustom (n) /ˈkʌstəm/ Giving presents at Christmas is a Western custom. Brauchcycling tour (n) /ˈsaɪklɪŋ ˌtɔː(r)/ I’m going on a cycling tour of Scotland. Radtourday trip (n) /ˈdeɪ trɪp/ We went on a day trip to a beautiful island. Tagesausflugdeparture date (n) /dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r) ˌdeɪt/ My departure date is next week, so I need to get

organised.Abreisedatum

diving (n) /ˈdaɪvɪŋ/ We’re going on a boat to do some diving. Tauchenen route (adv) /ɒn ˈruːt/ We visited Thailand en route to Australia. auf dem Wegequipment (n) /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ We hired snorkelling equipment from a shop on

the beach.Ausrüstung

fasten (v) /ˈfɑːsn/ Please sit down and fasten your seat belts. zumachen


five-star (adj) /ˈfaɪv ˌstɑː(r)/ I’m going to stay in a five-star hotel. I’m so excited! Fünf-Sterne-, Fünfsterne-flight (n) /flaɪt/ The flight home took 15 hours! Flugflight attendant (n) /ˈflaɪt əˌtendənt/ I asked the flight attendant for a glass of water. Flugbegleiter /

Flugbegleiterin fluffy (adj) /ˈflʌfi/ I bought a fluffy toy koala when I was in Australia. flauschigfly (v) /flaɪ/ There’s a fly in my drink. Can I have another one? Fliegegang (n) /ɡæŋ/ A gang of people stole my bag when I was on

holiday.Bande

gear (n) /ɡɪə(r)/ You can hire sports gear at the resort. Ausrüstungguidebook (n) /ˈɡaɪdbʊk/ I never go on holiday without a guidebook. Reiseführerhelicopter (n) /ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/ We flew over the hills in a helicopter. Hubschrauberhitchhike (v) /ˈhɪtʃhaɪk/ My boyfriend wanted to hitchhike, but I told him

it was too dangerous.trampen

journey (n) /ˈdʒɜːni/ The journey home was long and boring. Reiseland (v) /lænd/ I always get a bit nervous on planes when we land. landenleaflet (n) /ˈliːflət/ Here’s a leaflet about our tours. Broschürelend (v) /lend/ I’ll lend you my guidebook to Paris. leihenlong-haul (adj) /ˈlɒŋ hɔːl/ It’s a long-haul flight. It takes 16 hours. Langstrecken-luxury (adj) /ˈlʌkʃəri/ I’d rather save money than stay in luxury

accommodation.Luxus-

meteor shower (n) /ˈmiːtiɔː(r) ˌʃaʊə(r)/ Have you ever seen a meteor shower in the night sky?

Meteorschauer

monastery (n) /ˈmɒnəstri/ If you visit a monastery, make sure you wear the right clothes.

Kloster

mosque (n) /mɒsk/ We visited a beautiful mosque in Istanbul. Moscheemosquito net (n) /məsˈkiːtəʊ net/ Use a mosquito net at night so you don’t get bitten. Moskitonetzocean (n) /ˈəʊʃn/ We have a wonderful view of the ocean from our

room.Ozean

package holiday (n) /ˈpækɪdʒ ˌhɒlədeɪ/ It’s a package holiday, so everything is included. Pauschalreisepassenger (n) /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/ Would you like to be a passenger on a spaceship? Passagierpenguin (n) /ˈpeŋɡwɪn/ My brother gave me a fluffy toy penguin for my

birthday.Pinguin

precious (adj) /ˈpreʃəs/ Memories of your trip are precious. kostbarremind (v) /rɪˈmaɪnd/ Please remind me to buy some milk. erinnernresort (n) /rɪˈzɔːt/ The resort is right next to the beach. Ferienortreturn (adj) /rɪˈtɜːn/ I’d like a return ticket to Paris, please. Rück-round-the-world

trip (n)/ˌraʊnd ðə ˌwɜːld

ˈtrɪp/I’m going away for a year on a round-the-world

trip.Weltreise

safety film (n) /ˈseɪfti ˌfɪlm/ Please watch this short safety film. Film mit Sicherheitshinweisen

seaside (n) /ˈsiːsaɪd/ We’re going to the seaside for a few days. Küstesensitive (adj) /ˈsensətɪv/ Try to be more sensitive to local customs. sensibelset off (v) /ˌset ˈɒf/ We set off on our journey at 9 a.m. aufbrechensightseeing (n) /ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ/ We woke up early and spent the whole day

sightseeing.Sightseeing,

Besichtigung von Sehenswürdigkeiten

snorkel (n) /ˈsnɔːkl/ You can hire a mask and snorkel on the beach. Schnorchelspill (v) /spɪl/ Be careful or you’ll spill your drink. verschüttenstop off (v) /ˈstɒp ˌɒf/ We’ll stop off in Moscow on the way to China. Station machensuitcase (n) /ˈsuːtkeɪs/ Your suitcase is too heavy. Koffersunburnt (adj) /ˈsʌnbɜːnt/ Don’t sit out in the sun all day. You’ll get sunburnt. sonnenverbranntsuncream (n) /ˈsʌn ˌkriːm/ It’s nice to have a tan, but don’t forget your

suncream!Sonnencreme

swimsuit (n) /ˈswɪmsuːt/ Pack your swimsuit. We’re going to the beach! Badeanzugtake off (v) /ˌteɪk ˈɒf/ The plane will take off at 10 a.m. startentimetable (n) /ˈtaɪmteɪbl/ Can you check the timetable to see when the next

bus leaves?Fahrplan


torch (n) /tɔːtʃ/ Pack a torch if you’re going camping. Taschenlampetourist attraction (n) /ˈtɔːrɪst əˌtrækʃn/ Buckingham Palace is a popular tourist

attraction in London.Touristenattraktion

tourist guide (n) /ˈtɔːrɪst ˌɡaɪd/ Our tourist guide told us a lot about the local history and customs.

Fremdenführer / Fremdenführerin

travel agent (n) /ˈtrævl ˌeɪdʒənt/ I think booking online is cheaper than using a travel agent.

Reisebüro

trip (n) /trɪp/ Did you enjoy your fishing trip? Trip, Ausflugturn back (v) /ˌtɜːn ˈbæk/ The boat will turn back if the weather’s really bad. umkehrenvoyage (n) /ˈvɔɪɪdʒ/ NASA is planning a voyage to Mars. Reisewaste (v) /weɪst/ Don’t waste your money on useless souvenirs. verschwenden

Unit 5arrest (v) /əˈrest/ The police shouldn’t arrest someone because of

their clothing.verhaften

atmosphere (n) /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/ The atmosphere at the concert was incredible. Atmosphäreattitude (n) /ˈætɪtjuːd/ People’s attitude to clothes has changed over the

years.Einstellung, Haltung

auction (n) /ˈɔːkʃn/ I got this table at an auction. Auktionbaggy (adj) /ˈbæɡi/ I think baggy jeans look awful. schlabberig, weitbeard (n) /bɪəd/ I didn’t recognize him because of his beard. Bartbeware (v) /bɪˈweə(r)/ Beware if what you’re wearing is too different or

daring.vorsichtig sein

bikini (n) /bɪˈkiːni/ Someone named the bikini after an island in the Pacific Ocean.

Bikini

chain (n) /tʃeɪn/ I gave my girlfriend a gold chain for Christmas. Kettechanging room (n) /ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ ˌruːm/ I’m in the changing room, trying on a pair of

jeans.Umkleidekabine

charity (n) /ˈtʃærəti/ She’s very rich, and she gives a lot of money to charity.

karitative Organisation

chemical (n) /ˈkemɪkl/ This chemical is very harmful to the environment. Chemikaliecombat (n) /ˈkɒmbæt/ Combat trousers are very comfortable. Kampfcommon (adj) /ˈkɒmən/ Nowadays, it’s very common for women to wear

trousers.verbreitet

compensation (n) /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪʃn/ I would like compensation for the damage. Entschädigungcomplain (v) /kəmˈpleɪn/ I’m going to complain that we’ve been waiting for

too long.sich beschweren

consider (v) /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ I consider myself to be quite a good musician. halten fürcontroversy (n) /ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi,

kənˈtrɒvəsi/Miniskirts caused controversy because people

thought they were immoral.Kontroverse

cotton (n) /ˈkɒtn/ Cotton is grown in many countries around the world.

Baumwolle

criminal (n) /ˈkrɪmɪnl/ If someone wears a hoody, it doesn’t mean they’re a criminal!

Krimineller

crop (n) /krɒp/ In some African countries, cotton is the main agricultural crop.

Feldfrucht

daring (adj) /ˈdeərɪŋ/ You’re very daring to wear such unusual clothes! mutigdeath (n) /deθ/ Goths listen to music with lyrics about magic and

death.Tod

decent (adj) /ˈdiːsnt/ Can you please change into something more decent?

anständig

define (v) /dɪˈfaɪn/ I don’t define myself by the clothes I wear. definierendesign (v) /dɪˈzaɪn/ I design special clothes for films. entwerfendesigner (n) /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ He is a famous fashion designer. Designerdisapproval (n) /ˌdɪsəˈpruːvl/ Her piercings and tattoos caused much

disapproval.Missbilligung

disorganized (adj) /dɪsˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ I’m very disorganized and I lose everything. chaotisch


disrespectful (adj) /ˌdɪsrɪˈspektfl/ It’s disrespectful to wear shorts in church. respektlosdreadlocks (n) /ˈdredlɒks/ Dreadlocks don’t suit everyone. Dreadlocks, Rastalockendye (v) /daɪ/ I want to dye my hair red, but my mum won’t

let me.färben

eccentric (adj) /ɪkˈsentrɪk/ Nowadays, wearing a top hat is rather eccentric. exzentrischelder (n) /ˈeldə(r)/ She’s four years older than me. She’s my elder. Ältereemo (n) /ˈiːməʊ/ Emo is a style of rock music and a kind of fashion. Emoenclose (v) /ɪnˈkləʊz/ I enclose the receipt. beilegenestablish (v) /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ It took a long time to establish myself as a

successful designer.etablieren

ethical (adj) /ˈeθɪkl/ Ethical clothes are made of organic or recycled materials.

ethisch

export (v) /ɪkˈspɔːt/ We export our products all over the world. exportierenexporter (n) /ekˈspɔːtə(r)/ We are the largest exporter of cars. Exporteurextremely (adv) /ɪkˈstriːmli/ The shop assistant was extremely rude to me. äussersteyeliner (n) /ˈaɪlaɪnə(r)/ Goths wear black eyeliner and black lipstick. Lidstrich, Eyelinerfair (adj) /feə(r)/ It’s not fair to ask him to do all the work. fairFair Trade (adj) /ˌfeə(r) ˈtreɪd/ I always try to buy Fair Trade products. fair gehandelt flatmate (n) /ˈflætmeɪt/ My flatmate watches too much TV. Mitbewohner /

Mitbewohneringoth (n) /ɡɒθ/ The typical goth will only wear black clothing. Gothgrateful (adj) /ˈɡreɪtfl/ I would be grateful if you would give me a refund. dankbargrow (v) /ɡrəʊ/ How long did it take to grow your beard? wachsen lassengrower (n) /ˈɡrəʊə(r)/ I’m a grower of organic cotton. Pflanzer / Pflanzeringrunger (n) /ˈɡrʌndʒə(r)/ My brother always looks messy, but he says it’s

because he’s a grunger.Grunge-Anhänger

hair dye (n) /ˈheə ˌdaɪ/ I want to dye my hair black, so I bought some hair dye.

Haarfärbemittel

harm (v) /hɑːm/ The chemicals used to produce clothes can harm the environment.

schaden

hippy (n) /ˈhɪpi/ He has long hair and looks a bit like a hippy. Hippiehooded (adj) /ˈhʊdɪd/ I bought a hooded sweatshirt in the sale. mit Kapuzehoody (n) /ˈhʊdi/ The man was wearing a hoody and jeans. Kapuzenpullover, Hoodyhuge (adj) /hjuːdʒ/ Your house is huge! How many bedrooms does

it have?riesig

illegal (adj) /ɪˈliːɡl/ It’s illegal to drive a car without a licence. illegalillegible (adj) /ɪˈledʒəbl/ I can’t read your handwriting. It’s illegible. unleserlichilliterate (adj) /ɪˈlɪtərət/ He’s illiterate, but he’s learning to read and write. analphabetischillogical (adj) /ɪˈlɒdʒɪkl/ Your idea is illogical and I can’t understand it

at all.unlogisch

immoral (adj) /ɪˈmɒrəl/ It’s immoral to steal. unmoralischimpatient (adj) /ɪmˈpeɪʃnt/ Stop being so impatient! The bus will arrive soon. ungeduldigimport (v) /ɪmˈpɔːt/ We import a lot of clothes from Asia. importierenimporter (n) /ɪmˈpɔːtə(r)/ He’s an importer of French cheese. Importeurimpossible (adj) /ɪmˈpɒsəbl/ Your handwriting is impossible to read. unmöglichimpractical (adj) /ɪmˈpræktɪkl/ It’s impractical to buy so much food, because we’ll

never eat it all.unpraktisch

inconsistent (adj) /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt/ Your grades are inconsistent. Sometimes they’re good, and sometimes they’re bad.

uneinheitlich

indecent (adj) /ɪnˈdiːsnt/ My mum thinks that tattoos are indecent. unanständiginsensitive (adj) /ɪnˈsensətɪv/ It was insensitive to tell Anne that you don’t like

her haircut.unsensibel, taktlos

intolerant (adj) /ɪnˈtɒlərənt/ I’m intolerant of smoking. I can’t stand it. unduldsam, intolerantirregular (adj) /ɪˈreɡjələ(r)/ My meals are irregular because I only eat when

I’m hungry.unregelmässig

irresponsible (adj) /ˌɪrɪˈspɒnsəbl/ It was irresponsible of you to leave your bag in the car.

unverantwortlich


label (n) /ˈleɪbl/ Clothes with a designer label are usually expensive. Labellegible (adj) /ˈledʒəbl/ Your handwriting is neat and legible. (gut) leserlichlipstick (n) /ˈlɪpstɪk/ I never wear lipstick because I don’t like make-up. Lippenstiftlogical (adj) /ˈlɒdʒɪkl/ Try to think of a logical solution to the problem. logischlyrics (n) /ˈlɪrɪks/ I love this song because the lyrics are very

meaningful.Songtext

magic (n) /ˈmædʒɪk/ My little brother believes in magic. Magie, Zaubereimake-up (n) /ˈmeɪk ˌʌp/ You’re so pretty, you don’t need to wear make-up. Make-upmanufacture (v) /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃə(r)/ We manufacture our clothes in China. herstellenmanufacturer (n) /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərə(r)/ Our company is a manufacturer of ethical

clothing.Hersteller

moral (adj) /ˈmɒrəl/ She always does the right thing. She’s very moral. moralischmoustache (n) /məˈstɑːʃ/ He has long hair, a beard, and a moustache. Schnurrbartmovement (n) /ˈmuːvmənt/ Goth culture developed from the punk-rock

movement.Bewegung

mysterious (adj) /mɪˈstɪəriəs/ I don’t know anything about him. He’s very mysterious.

mysteriös, rätselhaft

nail varnish (n) /ˈneɪl ˌvaːnɪʃ/ Anne has red nail varnish on her toes. Nagellacknecklace (n) /ˈnekləs/ My sister gave me a silver necklace for my

birthday.Halskette

open-minded (adj) /ˌəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd/ I try to be open-minded and always listen to different ideas.

aufgeschlossen

organized (adj) /ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ The calendar on my phone helps me to be organized.

organisiert

painful (adj) /ˈpeɪnfl/ Was it painful when you got your tattoo? schmerzhaftpanic (v) /ˈpænɪk/ Calm down! Try not to panic. in Panik geraten pesticide (n) /ˈpestɪsaɪd/ Cotton growers use pesticide to protect their crops

from insects.Pestizid

piercing (n) /ˈpɪəsɪŋ/ I’d never have a piercing, because they hurt. Piercingpossible (adj) /ˈpɒsəbl/ Is it possible to get a refund? möglichpractical (adj) /ˈpræktɪkl/ She’s intelligent, but she’s not very practical. praktisch veranlagtpreppy (n) /ˈprepi/ She wears smart clothing and looks like a preppy. Preppy produce (v) /prəˈdjuːs/ The chemicals used to produce clothes are

dangerous.produzieren

producer (n) /prəˈdjuːsə(r)/ Roger is a producer of French wine. Erzeugerprovoke (v) /prəˈvəʊk/ A person’s appearance can provoke a strong

reaction.provozieren

punk (n) /pʌŋk/ A punk often wears metal chains and has brightly coloured hair.

Punk

quite (adv) /kwaɪt/ I’m quite good at tennis. ziemlichreally (adv) /ˈrɪəli/ I’m really happy about my exam results. echt, wirklichrebel (n) /ˈrebl/ He’s a rebel, and he’s always breaking the rules. Rebellreceipt (n) /rɪˈsiːt/ If you want a refund, you need to have a receipt. Belegrefund (n) /ˈriːfʌnd/ This shirt is too big. Can I have a refund? Rückzahlungrefund (v) /rɪˈfʌnd/ If you’re not happy, we’ll refund you the money. zurückzahlenregular (adj) /ˈreɡjələ(r)/ The bus into town is quite regular. regelmässigrespectful (adj) /rɪˈspektfl/ Most teenagers are respectful of elderly people. respektvollresponsible (adj) /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ You can have a car when you learn to be more

responsible.verantwortungsbewusst

ring (n) /rɪŋ/ He gave me a ring and asked me to marry him. Ringscream (v) /skriːm/ When she saw the mouse, she started to scream. schreiensell out (v) /ˌsel ˈaʊt/ We only have two pairs of jeans left. I think we’ll

sell out.ausverkauft sein

shop (v) /ʃɒp/ Where is the best place to shop for designer clothes?

einkaufen

shopper (n) /ˈʃɒpə(r)/ The average shopper wants cheaper clothes. Käufer / Käuferinsideburns (n) /ˈsaɪdbɜːnz/ Sideburns were named after an American soldier

and politician.Koteletten


skater (n) /ˈskeɪtə(r)/ He dresses comfortably, and looks like a skater. Skater / Skaterinsmart (adj) /smɑːt/ You look very smart. Are you going to an

interview?schick

stylish (adj) /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ She always looks elegant and stylish. modisch, stylish suit (v) /suːt/ The colour yellow doesn’t suit me at all. stehensupplier (n) /səˈplaɪə(r)/ They are a major supplier of coffee. Lieferantsupply (v) /səˈplaɪ/ We supply cotton to clothes manufacturers. liefernsweatshirt (n) /ˈswetʃɜːt/ It can get cold at night, so bring a sweatshirt. Sweatshirttattoo (n) /təˈtuː/ She has a tattoo of a butterfly on her leg. Tattoo, Tätowierungtattoo (v) /təˈtuː/ He had a heart tattooed on his arm. tätowierentie (n) /taɪ/ My dad wears a suit and tie to work. Krawattetimid (adj) /ˈtɪmɪd/ He was too timid to go to the party by himself. schüchterntolerant (adj) /ˈtɒlərənt/ You should try to be more tolerant of other

people’s opinions.tolerant

top hat (n) /ˌtɒp ˈhæt/ At first, people were scared by the top hat. Zylindertorn (adj) /tɔːn/ These jeans are torn, so I can’t wear them anymore. zerrissenuncertain (adj) /ʌnˈsɜːtn/ I’m uncertain about the future of our planet. nicht sicheruncommon (adj) /ʌnˈkɒmən/ It’s uncommon to see people wearing top hats

these days.ungewöhnlich

underwear (n) /ˈʌndəweə(r)/ Hip hop fans often wear baggy jeans that show their underwear.

Unterwäsche

unfair (adj) /ˌʌnˈfeə(r)/ It’s unfair to judge someone by their appearance. unfairwardrobe (n) /ˈwɔːdrəʊb/ Trousers weren’t always accepted as part of a

woman’s wardrobe.Garderobe

wellington boots (n) /ˌwelɪŋtən ˈbuːts/ The first wellington boots were worn in the early 19th century.

Gummistiefel

worker (n) /ˈwɜːkə(r)/ He’s a factory worker, and he doesn’t make much money.

Arbeiter

Unit 6aim (n) /eɪm/ Our aim is to make the roads safer. Zielalternative (n) /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ If you don’t like my idea, give me an alternative. Alternativearea (n) /ˈeəriə/ Our school is in a quiet and peaceful area. Gegendban (v) /bæn/ If I were president, I’d ban smoking. verbietenbanner (n) /ˈbænə(r)/ I’m making a banner for the protest this weekend. Spruchbandborder (n) /ˈbɔːdə(r)/ Andorra is a country on the French–Spanish

border.Grenze

China (n) /ˈtʃaɪnə/ Has the European Union got more citizens than China?

China

citizen (n) /ˈsɪtɪzn/ I’m a citizen of the United States. Bürger(in) conclusion (n) /kənˈkluːʒn/ In conclusion, I think the voting age should be

lowered to 16. abschliessend,

(zum) Schlussconsequence (n) /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ As a consequence of the new law, the roads will be

safer for all drivers.Folge

create (v) /kriˈeɪt/ Why do some people want to create a new country?

schaffen

currency (n) /ˈkʌrənsi/ The Japanese currency is called the yen. Währungcut (v) /kʌt/ If I were president, I’d cut politicians’ salaries. kürzendemocracy (n) /dɪˈmɒkrəsi/ In a democracy, all adults can vote to elect the

government.Demokratie

demonstrator (n) /ˈdemənstreɪtə(r)/ The protest became violent, and the police arrested a demonstrator.

Demonstrant / Demonstrantin

discriminate (v) /dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt/ You can’t discriminate against young people. diskriminierenelect (v) /ɪˈlekt/ I’d rather elect celebrities to the government

instead of politicians.wählen

election (n) /ɪˈlekʃn/ When is the next national election in your country?

Wahl


European Union (n) /ˌjʊərəˌpiːən ˈjuːniən/ How many nations are there in the European Union?

Europäische Union

flag (n) /flæɡ/ The Swedish flag is blue and yellow. Flagge, Fahnegovernment (n) /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ I think politicians should leave government when

they’re 60.Regierung

head of state (n) /ˌhed əv ˈsteɪt/ The head of state in the USA is the president. Staatsoberhaupthelmet (n) /ˈhelmɪt/ You have to wear a helmet when you ride a

motorbike.Helm

high-visibility jacket (n)

/ˌhaɪ vɪzəˌbɪləti ˈdʒækɪt/

A cyclist should wear a high-visibility jacket to be safe.

Warnweste

hobby (n) /ˈhɒbi/ He collects stamps as a hobby. Hobbyideal (adj) /aɪˈdiːəl/ In an ideal world, everyone would be happy. idealidiot (n) /ˈɪdiət/ He’s an idiot. He doesn’t know the name of the

president!Idiot

in advance (adv) /ˌɪn ədˈvɑːns/ It’s cheaper to book the tickets in advance. vorabintroduce (v) /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ I’d like the government to introduce more public

holidays.einführen

invade (v) /ɪnˈveɪd/ When did the Romans invade Britain? einfallen ininvest (v) /ɪnˈvest/ If I were president, I’d invest more money in

education.investieren

land (v) /lænd/ The plane will land in half an hour. landenlaw (n) /lɔː/ It’s against the law to smoke in here. Gesetzlower (v) /ˈləʊə(r)/ Do you think we should lower the voting age from

18 to 16?herabsetzen

majority (n) /məˈdʒɒrəti/ The majority of people don’t agree with his policies.

Mehrheit

map (n) /mæp/ He has a map of the world on his bedroom wall. Kartemicronation (n) /ˈmaɪkrəʊneɪʃn/ Sealand is a micronation near the British coast. Mikronationminister (n) /ˈmɪnɪstə(r)/ The education minister wants to make class sizes

smaller.Minister / Ministerin

motorist (n) /ˈməʊtərɪst/ A motorist stopped to help me when I fell off my bike.

Autofahrer / Autofahrerin

nation (n) /ˈneɪʃn/ Russia is the largest nation in the world. Nationnational (adj) /ˈnæʃnəl/ We’re having a national election next month. landesweitnegative (adj) /ˈneɡətɪv/ I think the new law will have negative

consequences.negativ

obey (v) /əˈbeɪ/ Do you always obey the law? befolgenown (v) /əʊn/ I hope I’ll own a house one day. besitzenpermit (v) /pəˈmɪt/ I think the government should permit all people

over 15 to vote.erlauben

placard (n) /ˈplækɑːd/ The protester held a placard that said ‘stop the war’.

Plakat

platform (n) /ˈplætfɔːm/ The speaker stood on a platform so everyone could see him.

Podest

policy (n) /ˈpɒləsi/ The policy of increasing the voting age wasn’t very popular.

Politik, Linie

politician (n) /ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn/ I’m interested in politics, but I wouldn’t want to be a politician.

Politiker / Politikerin

raise (v) /reɪz/ I think the government should raise taxes on tobacco.

erhöhen

reduce (v) /rɪˈdjuːs/ The government should reduce the number of students in classes.

reduzieren

representative (n) /ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv/ We want to elect a new representative. Abgeordneter / Abgeordnete

ruler (n) /ˈruːlə(r)/ Who is the ruler of your country? Machthaber / Machthaberin

salary (n) /ˈsæləri/ My salary is quite low, so I hope I’ll get a raise soon.

Gehalt


scooter (n) /ˈskuːtə(r)/ I ride a scooter to work. Motorrollersimply (adv) /ˈsɪmpli/ I am simply too tired to keep cycling. einfachstamp (n) /stæmp/ I need to buy a stamp for this postcard. Briefmarkestand for (v) /ˈstænd ˌfɔː(r)/ How old do you have to be to stand for

Parliament?kandidieren

tax (v) /tæks/ I don’t think it’s fair to tax poor people. besteuernterritory (n) /ˈterətri/ Gibraltar is a British territory. Hoheitsgebietviolent (adj) /ˈvaɪələnt/ Do you think violent computer games should be

banned?gewalttätig

virtual (adj) /ˈvɜːtʃuəl/ You can make a virtual country on the internet. virtuellvote (v) /vəʊt/ In the UK, you have to be 18 to vote. wählen

Unit 7accept (v) /əkˈsept/ Danny wouldn’t accept any of his friend’s

invitations.annehmen

admire (v) /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ I admire people who are optimistic and confident. bewundernannoy (v) /əˈnɔɪ/ Rude people really annoy me. ärgernannoyed (adj) /əˈnɔɪd/ My dad was annoyed that I stayed out so late. verärgertannoying (adj) /əˈnɔɪɪŋ/ Do you have any annoying habits? ärgerlichanxiety (n) /æŋˈzaɪəti/ Anxiety can make you unhappy. Angstanxious (adj) /ˈæŋkʃəs/ I’m anxious about finding a job. bemühtargument (n) /ˈɑːɡjumənt/ I had an argument with my friend and now she

won’t talk to me.Streit

associate (v) /əˈsəʊʃieɪt/ I associate happiness with a positive attitude to life. assoziieren, verbindenastonish (v) /əˈstɒnɪʃ/ There aren’t many things that astonish my

grandfather.überraschen, erstaunen

astonished (adj) /əˈstɒnɪʃt/ I was astonished when I saw how tall he’d grown. überrascht, erstauntastonishing (adj) /əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ/ I find your bad attitude to be astonishing. erstaunlichattribute (n) /ˈætrɪbjuːt/ I think optimism is my best attribute. Eigenschaftbeggar (n) /ˈbeɡə(r)/ He gave money to a beggar on the street. Bettlerbore (v) /bɔː(r)/ Documentaries usually bore me. langweilenbored (adj) /bɔːd/ I’m bored. Let’s go shopping! gelangweiltboring (adj) /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ The film was boring, and I fell asleep. langweiligBuddhist (n) /ˈbʊdɪst/ He travelled to Thailand and became a Buddhist. Buddhistcash (n) /kæʃ/ I don’t have any cash. Do you take credit cards? Bargeldchange (n) /tʃeɪndʒ/ I didn’t have any change to give the beggar. Wechselgeldconfidence (n) /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ Your confidence usually increases as you get older. Selbstvertrauenconfident (adj) /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ Try to look confident, even if you don’t feel it. selbstsicherdisappointed (adj) /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ I’m disappointed that you can’t come to my party. enttäuschtdown (adj) /daʊn/ I feel a bit down because my brother’s moving

away.niedergeschlagen

downside (n) /ˈdaʊnsaɪd/ The downside of living in a town is the pollution. Nachteildown-to-earth (adj) /ˌdaʊn tu ˈɜːθ/ I like my aunt. She’s very down-to-earth. bodenständigdull (adj) /dʌl/ This book is really dull and I can’t finish it. ödeembarrass (v) /ɪmˈbærəs/ My little brothers always embarrass me in public. in Verlegenheit bringenembarrassed (adj) /ɪmˈbærəst/ I get embarrassed when I have to speak in public. verlegenembarrassing (adj) /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/ It was so embarrassing when I forgot her name. peinlichenthusiastic (adj) /ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/ All the volunteers were really enthusiastic. begeistertfascinate (v) /ˈfæsɪneɪt/ Bats fascinate me. They’re such unusual animals. faszinierenfascinated (adj) /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd/ I’m fascinated by science and technology. fasziniertfascinating (adj) /ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/ I watched a fascinating documentary last night. faszinierendfault (n) /fɔːlt/ It’s not my fault you broke your mobile phone! Fehler, Schuldfed up (with sth) (adj) /ˌfed ˈʌp/ I’m really fed up with my life. I need a new hobby. (von etw.) die Nase voll

haben frequently (adv) /ˈfriːkwəntli/ We frequently visit the new shopping centre in

town.häufig

fright (n) /fraɪt/ I got a fright when I saw a mouse in the kitchen. Schreck


frighten (v) /ˈfraɪtn/ Snakes and spiders frighten me. Angst einjagenfrightened (adj) /ˈfraɪtnd/ My little sister is frightened of the dark. verängstigtfrightening (adj) /ˈfraɪtnɪŋ/ I find horror films to be too frightening to watch. beängstigendfrown (v) /fraʊn/ Don’t frown in the photo. Try to smile! die Stirn runzelnfrustrating (adj) /frʌˈstreɪtɪŋ/ It’s frustrating when things don’t go the way

I want.frustrierend

frustration (n) /frʌˈstreɪʃn/ He threw the book across the room in frustration. Frustrationgenerosity (n) /ˌdʒenəˈrɒsəti/ How can I thank you for your generosity? Grosszügigkeitgenerous (adj) /ˈdʒenərəs/ She’s not rich, but she’s very generous. grosszügiggo downhill (v) /ˌɡəʊ dɑʊnˈhɪl/ That old shop is starting to go downhill. bergab gehenguess (v) /ɡes/ Can you guess what I’m making for dinner? erratenhonest (adj) /ˈɒnɪst/ Sometimes she’s too honest and she upsets people. ehrlichhonesty (adj) /ˈɒnəsti/ I think honesty is an important attribute. Ehrlichkeithorrify (v) /ˈhɒrɪfaɪ/ Your awful attitude and bad behaviour horrify me. schockierenhorrified (adj) /ˈhɒrɪfaɪd/ My mum was horrified when I got a tattoo. schockierthorrifying (adj) /ˈhɒrɪfaɪɪŋ/ It’s horrifying to see so much poverty. schockierendinnocent (adj) /ˈɪnəsnt/ I don’t know who’s guilty, but John is definitely

innocent.unschuldig

interest (v) /ˈɪntrəst/ Sports don’t interest me at all. interessiereninteresting (adj) /ˈɪntrestɪŋ/ She’s travelled a lot and has many interesting

stories.interessant

interested (adj) /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ I’m interested in sports, especially cricket. interessiert mean (adj) /miːn/ My brother is so mean. He never gives me any

presents.geizig

messy (adj) /ˈmesi/ Your room is so messy! You need to tidy it. durcheinandermiss (v) /mɪs/ My sister moved to Spain and I really miss her. vermissenmoodiness (n) /ˈmuːdinəs/ She’s a nice person, but her moodiness annoys me. Launenhaftigkeitmoody (adj) /ˈmuːdi/ I don’t get on with people who are moody. launenhaftnaughty (adj) /ˈnɔːti/ My cousins are naughty and they always get into

trouble.frech, unartig

newsagent’s (n) /ˈnjuːzeɪdʒənts/ I went to the newsagent’s to buy a magazine. Zeitungskioskon the up and up (adj) /ˌɒn ði ˌʌp ən ˈʌp/ My brother has been working hard, and is on the

up and up. auf dem aufsteigenden

Astoptimism (n) /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/ I look forward to the future with optimism. Optimismusoptimistic (adj) /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ Happy people tend to be optimistic. optimistischparalympic (adj) /ˌpærəˈlɪmpɪk/ I work with athletes who are training for the

Paralympic Games.paralympisch

passion (n) /ˈpæʃn/ Danny lost his passion for life when his girlfriend left him.

Leidenschaft, Lust

passionate (adj) /ˈpæʃənət/ I’m passionate about cooking. leidenschaftlichpay back (v) /ˌpeɪ ˈbæk/ When are you going to pay back the money you

owe me?zurückzahlen

peace (n) /piːs/ We’re lucky to live in a time of peace. Friedenpessimism (n) /ˈpesɪmɪzəm/ Pessimism is a quality which is typical of people

from my country.Pessimismus

pessimistic (adj) /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ Your pessimistic attitude won’t get you anywhere. pessimistischphilosophy (n) /fəˈlɒsəfi/ Danny’s new philosophy is to say ‘yes’ more. Philosophiepolite (adj) /pəˈlaɪt/ He’s polite and always says ‘please’ and ‘thank

you’.höflich

politeness (n) /pəˈlaɪtnəs/ Politeness is not one of her attributes. She’s very rude.

Höflichkeit

rarely (adv) /ˈreəli/ We rarely go to the cinema because it’s so expensive.

selten

refuse (v) /rɪˈfjuːz/ I don’t want to refuse their invitation. ablehnenrelax (v) /rɪˈlæks/ What do you do to relax after a stressful day? sich entspannenrelaxed (adj) /rɪˈlækst/ I’m too relaxed to get up and go to the gym. entspanntrelaxing (adj) /rɪˈlæksɪŋ/ Watching TV after school is quite relaxing. entspannend


respect (n) /rɪˈspekt/ I have a lot of respect for paralympic athletes. Respektrespectful (adj) /rɪˈspektfl/ Be respectful of other passengers and don’t listen

to loud music on the bus.respektvoll

responsible (adj) /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ You can have a car when you learn to be more responsible.

verantwortungsbewusst

responsibility (n) /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ Having children is a big responsibility. Verantwortungrough (adj) /rʌf/ The sea was very rough yesterday, but it’s calm

today.rau

rude (adj) /ruːd/ I complained because the shop assistant was so rude.

unverschämt

scratch card (n) /ˈskrætʃkɑːd/ Have you ever won money on a scratch card? Rubbelkarteselfish (adj) /ˈselfɪʃ/ He’s so selfish. He only thinks about himself. selbstsüchtigshock (v) /ʃɒk/ My cousins always shock me with their bad

behaviour.schockieren

shocked (adj) /ʃɒkt/ I was shocked to hear that you are leaving. schockiertshocking (adj) /ˈʃɒkɪŋ/ Did you hear John’s shocking news? schockierendsimple (adj) /ˈsɪmpl/ His philosophy was simple: start saying ‘yes’ to

things.einfach

sociable (adj) /ˈsəʊʃəbl/ Try to be more sociable and meet up with your friends more often.

gesellig

spoil (v) /spɔɪl/ Try to be happy for him, and don’t spoil things. verderbenstale (adj) /steɪl/ We need to buy more bread because this loaf is

stale.alt, altbacken

stranger (n) /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ I met a stranger on a bus who gave me some advice. Fremder / Fremdestress (n) /stres/ There is too much stress in my life. I need a holiday! Stressstressful (adj) /ˈstresfl/ My job is stressful, but it pays well. anstrengend, stressigsuccess (n) /səkˈses/ My interview was a success, and I got the job. Erfolgsuccessful (adj) /səkˈsesfl/ We’re the least successful team, but we’re

optimistic.erfolgreich

unfortunately (adv) /ʌnˈfɔːtʃənətli/ Unfortunately, we lost the match. leiderup and running (adj) /ˌʌp ən ˈrʌnɪŋ/ The new school is now up and running. in Betriebups and downs (n) /ˌʌps ən ˈdaʊnz/ My girlfriend and I have had our ups and downs. Höhen und Tiefenuseful (adj) /ˈjuːsfl/ Working as a volunteer has made me feel more

useful.nützlich

volunteer (n) /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ I teach English once a week as a volunteer. Freiwilliger / Freiwillige wealth (n) /welθ/ I think happiness is more important than wealth. Wohlstandwealthy (adj) /ˈwelθi/ He’s a wealthy businessman now, but he started

with nothing.wohlhabend

well-behaved (adj) /ˌwel bɪˈheɪvd/ Your children are so well-behaved. bravworry (v) /ˈwʌri/ You worry too much. Try to be more laid back. sich sorgenworried (adj) /ˈwʌrɪd/ I’m worried that I might be ill. besorgtworrying (adj) /ˈwʌriɪŋ/ Your poor exam results are worrying. besorgniserregend

Unit 8acceptable (adj) /əkˈseptəbl/ I don’t think it’s acceptable to take money from a

supermarket.akzeptabel

admit (v) /ədˈmɪt/ She wouldn’t admit that she had lied to me. zugebenagree (v) /əˈɡriː/ We couldn’t agree about what to do, so we stayed

in.sich einigen

appear (v) /əˈpɪə(r)/ My favourite actress didn’t appear until near the end of the film.

erscheinen

attend (v) /əˈtend/ I wasn’t able to attend the conference, because I was ill.

teilnehmen an

break a promise (v) /ˌbreɪk ə ˈprɒmɪs/ I told her I’d visit her, and I never break a promise. ein Versprechen brechenbreak the law (v) /ˌbreɪk ðə ˈlɔː/ You break the law if you drive over the speed limit. gegen das Gesetz

verstossen


classic (adj) /ˈklæsɪk/ A classic test of honesty is when we’re given too much change in a shop.

klassisch

complain (v) /kəmˈpleɪn/ I’m going to complain about how rude the waiter was to us.

sich beschweren

conman (n) /ˈkɒnmæn/ In 1925, a conman tried to sell the Eiffel Tower. Schwindlerconsiderate (adj) /kənˈsɪdərət/ It was considerate of you to wait for me for so

long.rücksichtsvoll

convince (v) /kənˈvɪns/ I managed to convince him that I wasn’t lying. überzeugendepend (v) /dɪˈpend/ A person’s actions will depend on their moral

values.abhängen

dishonest (adj) /dɪsˈɒnɪst/ It’s dishonest to cheat in an exam. unehrlichexplain (v) /ɪkˈspleɪn/ Please let me explain why I’m late. erklärenfaithful (adj) /ˈfeɪθfl/ She’s a loyal and faithful friend. treufavour (n) /ˈfeɪvə(r)/ She helped me with my homework as a favour. Gefallenfeelings (n) /ˈfiːlɪŋz/ If you’re too honest, you can hurt people’s feelings. Gefühlegardener (n) /ˈɡɑːdnə(r)/ The gardener asked us who broke the statue. Gärtner / Gärtneringuiltily (adv) /ˈɡɪltɪli/ They looked at each other guiltily, but nobody said

anything.schuldbewusst

guilty (adj) /ˈɡɪlti/ I lied to my parents and now I feel guilty about it. schuldighonestly (adv) /ˈɒnɪstli/ I didn’t break your computer, honestly! ehrlich honesty (n) /ˈɒnəsti/ A classic test of honesty is when you’re given too

much change in a shop.Ehrlichkeit

humane (adj) /hjuːˈmeɪn/ All animals should be given humane treatment. humanhurt (v) /hɜːt/ You hurt my feelings when you said I looked fat. verletzenillegal (adj) /ɪˈliːɡl/ It’s illegal to drive a car without a licence. illegalillegally (adv) /ɪˈliːɡəli/ How do you feel about copying music illegally? illegalinconsiderate (adj) /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərət/ It was inconsiderate to call him at 5 a.m. rücksichtslosinhumane (adj) /ˌɪnhjuːˈmeɪn/ It’s inhumane to leave pets alone all the time. inhuman, unmenschlichinsist (v) /ɪnˈsɪst/ You must let me pay for lunch. I insist! (darauf) besteheninvite (v) /ɪnˈvaɪt/ Who should we invite to the wedding? einladenkeep quiet (v) /ˌkiːp ˈkwaɪət/ If you’re given too much change, do you keep quiet

about it?schweigen

make an excuse (v) /ˌmeɪk ən ɪkˈskjuːs/ I didn’t do my homework, so I’ll have to make an excuse.

eine Ausrede erfinden

offer (v) /ˈɒfə(r)/ They decided to offer the job to Mark. anbietenorder (v) /ˈɔːdə(r)/ The policeman ordered him to get out of the car. befehlenpersuade (v) /pəˈsweɪd/ Sometimes we persuade ourselves that it’s OK

to lie.überreden

pleasant (adj) /ˈpleznt/ Telling the truth isn’t always a pleasant experience. angenehmpretend (v) /prɪˈtend/ Don’t pretend to be happy if you aren’t. vorgebenprisoner (n) /ˈprɪznə(r)/ He was a prisoner for five years. Gefangener /

Gefangenerinpromise (n) /ˈprɒmɪs/ Have you ever broken a promise? Versprechenrefuse (v) /rɪˈfjuːz/ I don’t want to refuse their invitation. ablehnenrobbery (n) /ˈrɒbəri/ The policeman is investigating a bank robbery. Raubscarf (n) /skɑːf/ It’s cold today, so I’ll wear my scarf. Schalsimilar (adj) /ˈsɪmələ(r)/ I think they’re sisters because they look quite

similar.ähnlich

statue (n) /ˈstætʃuː/ I broke a statue in the park, but I lied and said it wasn’t me.

Statue

supermarket (n) /ˈsjuːpəmɑːkɪt/ Can you get me some milk at the supermarket? Supermarktsurvey (n) /ˈsɜːveɪ/ The survey showed that people aren’t always

honest.Umfrage

suspicious (adj) /səˈspɪʃəs/ I didn’t trust him because he looked suspicious. verdächtigtell a lie (v) /ˌtel ə ˈlaɪ/ Is it OK to tell a lie to save someone’s feelings? lügentell the truth (v) /ˌtel ðə ˈtruːθ/ I always tell the truth, unless it’ll hurt someone’s

feelings.die Wahrheit sagen


thoughtful (adj) /ˈθɔːtfl/ Thank you very much for your thoughtful present. aufmerksamtidy (v) /ˈtaɪdi/ My mum told me to tidy my room. aufräumentruth (n) /truːθ/ Sometimes the truth can be hurtful. Wahrheitunfaithful (adj) /ʌnˈfeɪθfl/ My sister broke up with her boyfriend because he

was unfaithful.untreu

white lie (n) /ˌwaɪt ˈlaɪ/ I hated her new dress, but I told a white lie and said it was pretty.

Notlüge

yoga (n) /ˈjəʊgə/ I do yoga twice a week. Yogazone (n) /zəʊn/ This is a 50 kilometres-an-hour zone. Zone

English Plus OptionsExtra listening and speakingUnit 1curly (adj) /ˈkɜːli/ My dad has blond, curly hair. lockiglook like (v) /ˈlʊk ˌlaɪk/ Who do you look like in your family? aussehen wietake after (v) /ˈteɪk ˌɑːftə(r)/ I take after my mum. We’re both quite shy. nachschlagen, ähneln

Unit 2come up (v) /ˌkʌm ˈʌp/ Something’s come up so I can’t meet you tonight. dazwischenkommenmake it (v) /ˈmeɪk ˌɪt/ I’m really sorry, but I can’t make it to the cinema

today.es schaffen

split up (v) /ˌsplɪt ˈʌp/ Louise and Tom have just split up. sich trennen

Unit 3appointment (n) /əˈpɔɪntmənt/ I need to make an appointment to see the doctor. Terminconvenient (adj) /kənˈviːniənt/ Tuesday is OK, but Wednesday would be more

convenient.günstig

Unit 4departure bay (n) /dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r) ˌbeɪ/ The coach leaves from departure bay 11. Haltebuchtdestination (n) /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/ Glasgow is the coach’s final destination. Zielfare (n) /feə(r)/ A fare is the money you pay to travel by bus

or train.Fahrgeld

Unit 5blues (n) /bluːz/ I often listen to the blues. Bluesclassical (adj) /ˈklæsɪkl/ I mostly play classical music on the piano. klassischgig (n) /ɡɪɡ/ He’s going on tour this year, so I’ll try to go to a gig. Konzertauftritt, Gigheavy metal (n) /ˌhevi ˈmetl/ Heavy metal is too loud for me. Heavy Metalhip hop (n) /ˈhɪp ˌhɒp/ Hip hop is popular around the world. Hip-Hoprap (n) /ræp/ In rap the lyrics are spoken, not sung. Raprelease (v) /rɪˈliːs/ When will they release their next album? herausbringenrhythm (n) /ˈrɪðəm/ You need to have good rhythm to play the drums. Rhythmik

Unit 6candidate (n) /ˈkændɪdət/ I can’t decide which candidate to vote for. Kandidat / Kandidatinimprove (v) /ɪmˈpruːv/ I would improve education by hiring more

teachers.verbessern

reliable (adj) /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ I’m a good candidate because I’m reliable and hard-working.

zuverlässig

feel strongly (about) (adv)

/ˈstrɒŋli/ I feel strongly about improving education. Es liegt mir viel (daran), ….

Unit 7barbecue (n) /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/ It’s sunny today, so we’re having a barbecue. Grillfest, Barbecuefall off (v) /ˌfɔːl ˈɒf/ You’ll probably fall off your surfboard a lot at first. herunterfallen vonrent (v) /rent/ We’re going to rent an apartment in Barcelona for

a week.mieten


spectacular (adj) /spekˈtækjələ(r)/ The caves are supposed to be spectacular. spektakulärwindsurfing (n) /ˈwɪndsɜːfɪŋ/ The beach is ideal for windsurfing. Windsurfen, Windsurfing

Unit 8calculate (v) /ˈkælkjuleɪt/ The assistant didn’t calculate the total correctly. berechnencookie (n) /ˈkʊki/ Would you like a cookie? I’ve just baked some. Plätzchenmelon (n) /ˈmelən/ We’re making a fruit salad with melon and

strawberries.Melone

muffin (n) /ˈmʌfɪn/ I’ll have a coffee and a muffin, please. Muffinpineapple (n) /ˈpaɪnæpl/ Pineapple is my favourite fruit. Ananas

Curriculum extra

Unit 1barbed wire fence (n) /ˌbɑːbd ˌwaɪə(r) ˈfens/ There was a barbed wire fence on the border. Stacheldrahtzauncelebration (n) /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/ We’re having a party in celebration of our

anniversary.Feier

concrete (adj) /ˈkɒŋkriːt/ The East German army built a concrete wall. Beton-divided (adj) /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/ In 1949, Germany was divided into two countries. geteiltguard (n) /ɡɑːd/ The guard killed someone who was trying

to escape.Wachmann

install (v) /ɪnˈstɔːl/ We’re going to install some new furniture in the office.

aufstellen

monitor (v) /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/ The security camera will monitor the area around our building.

überwachen

permanent (adj) /ˈpɜːmənənt/ My job isn’t permanent. It’s only for six months. fest, auf Dauerpull down (v) /ˌpʊl daʊn/ Many people started to pull down the wall in

celebration.einreissen

reunification (n) /ˌriːˌjuːnɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ People celebrated the reunification of their city. Wiedervereinigungsecret police (n) /ˌsiːkrət pəˈliːs/ The secret police monitored people’s lives. Geheimpolizeiseparate (adj) /ˈseprət/ People living in the East and West had separate

lives.getrennt

shortage (n) /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ There was a food shortage, so people were hungry. Knappheitstandard of living (n) /ˌstændəd əv ˈlɪvɪŋ/ The standard of living was higher in West

Germany.Lebensstandard

temporary (adj) /ˈtemprəri/ We won’t stay here forever – it’s only temporary. vorübergehend

Unit 2delighted (adj) /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ I’d be delighted to accept your invitation. sehr erfreutencouragement (n) /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt/ She’s clever, but she needs a lot of encouragement

to study.Ermutigung

fictional (adj) /ˈfɪkʃənl/ Anne Bennet is a fictional character in a realist novel.

fiktiv

fine (adj) /faɪn/ It’s a fine day. Let’s go for a walk! schönincome (n) /ˈɪnkʌm/ He has a very high income. Einkommenneighbourhood (n) /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ We live in a quiet neighbourhood just outside

London.Viertel, Umgebung,

Wohngebietparticular (adj) /pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/ Realist novels are set in a particular period of

history.bestimmt

possession (n) /pəˈzeʃn/ I am in possession of a large house in the country. Besitzrealist (adj) /ˈrɪəlɪst/ Realist novels describe the lives of fictional people

in real places.realistisch

realistic (adj) /ˌrɪəˈlɪstɪk/ Realist novels give us a realistic picture of society at a certain time.

realistisch

servant (n) /ˈsɜːvənt/ In the past, it was normal for rich people to have more than one servant.

Diener / Dienerin

surrounding (adj) /səˈraʊndɪŋ/ There is a forest in the surrounding area. umliegendunmarried (adj) /ˌʌnˈmærid/ He’s unmarried, but he’s not looking for a wife. unverheiratet


Unit 3absorb (v) /əbˈzɔːb/ The body needs fat to absorb some vitamins. absorbierenacid (n) /ˈæsɪd/ Omega-3 is a kind of fatty acid. Säurecalorie (n) /ˈkæləri/ A calorie is a unit for measuring how much energy

food will produce.Kalorie

carbohydrate (n) /ˌkɑːbəʊˈhaɪdreɪt/ Pasta is a carbohydrate, so it gives us energy. Kohle(n)hydratcell (n) /sel/ All plants and animals are made up of cells. Zellecholesterol (n) /kəˈlestərɒl/ Saturated animal fats increase levels of cholesterol

in our blood.Cholesterin

dairy food (n) /ˈdeəri ˌfuːd/ Dairy food is made from milk. Milchproduktediabetes (n) /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/ A balanced diet can reduce the risk of diabetes. Diabetesdiet (n) /ˈdaɪət/ It’s important to have a healthy diet. Ernährungdigest (v) /daɪˈdʒest/ Fibre helps us digest our food. verdauenexercise (n) /ˈeksəsaɪz/ Regular exercise can help to reduce the risk of

heart disease.Bewegung

evidence (n) /ˈevɪdəns/ There is little evidence to show that what we eat affects our mood.

Beweise

factory (n) /ˈfæktəri/ Processed foods are made in a factory. Fabrikfat (n) /fæt/ Nuts contain healthy fat. Fettfatty (adj) /ˈfæti/ Cut down on fatty foods such as burgers and fries. fettfibre (n) /ˈfaɪbə(r)/ Fruit and vegetables contain a lot of fibre. Ballaststoffheart disease (n) /ˈhɑːt dɪˌziːz/ A healthy diet can help to prevent heart disease. Herzkrankheiteninfluence (n) /ɪnˈfluəns/ Diet and exercise have a big influence on our

health.Einfluss

mineral (n) /ˈmɪnərəl/ Calcium is a mineral that you can get from eating dairy food.

Mineral

nut (n) /nʌt/ A pecan is a type of nut. Nussnutrient (n) /ˈnjuːtriənt/ We need nutrients to live and grow. Nährstoffnutritionist (n) /njuˈtrɪʃənɪst/ My nutritionist told me to eat more fibre. Ernährungsberater /

Ernährungsberaterinoily fish (n) /ˈɔɪli ˌfɪʃ/ Oily fish is rich in unsaturated fat. FettfischOmega-3 (n) /ˌəʊmɪɡə ˈθriː/ Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for the brain. Omega-3portion (n) /ˈpɔːʃn/ I’m not very hungry, so I’ll just have a small

portion.Portion

processed (adj) /ˈprəʊsest/ Processed foods are particularly unhealthy. industriell verarbeitetprotein (n) /ˈprəʊtiːn/ Protein is essential for building and repairing

tissues.Eiweiss

prove (v) /pruːv/ You need to prove that your argument is correct. beweisenregular (adj) /ˈreɡjələ(r)/ I try to eat regular meals every day. regelmässigrepair (v) /rɪˈpeə(r)/ Protein helps the body to repair tissue. reparierensaturated (adj) /ˈsætʃəreɪtɪd/ Don’t eat too much saturated fat. gesättigtsnack (n) /snæk/ I never have a snack between meals. Snacktissue (n) /ˈtɪʃuː/ A tissue is a group of cells of a particular type. Gewebeunhealthy (adj) /ʌnˈhelθi/ Eating too much fat and sugar is unhealthy. ungesundunsaturated (adj) /ʌnˈsætʃəreɪtɪd/ Unsaturated fats are actually good for us. ungesättigtvitamin (n) /ˈvɪtəmɪn/ Oranges contain a lot of vitamin C. Vitamin

Unit 4altitude (n) /ˈæltɪtjuːd/ We’re travelling at an altitude of 5,000 metres. Höheartificial (adj) /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ Artificial satellites are man-made. künstlichbillionaire (n) /ˌbɪljəˈneə(r)/ He’s a billionaire, so he has enough money to

travel into space.Milliardär

boundary (n) /ˈbaʊndri/ I live on the boundary between France and Italy. Grenzebreathtaking (adj) /ˈbreθteɪkɪŋ/ The view of Earth from space is breathtaking. atemberaubendcraft (n) /krɑːft/ This craft can reach the boundaries of space. RaumfahrzeugEarth (n) /ɜːθ/ The planet we live on is called Earth. Erdeedge (n) /edʒ/ The spacecraft travels to the edge of the Earth’s

atmosphere.Rand


forecast (v) /ˈfɔːkɑːst/ We can use satellites to forecast the weather. vorhersagenfund (v) /fʌnd/ We’re trying to raise money to fund space projects. finanzierenlaunch (v) /lɔːntʃ/ When did the Soviet Union launch the first

artificial satellite?starten, in Umlauf

bringenman-made (adj) /ˌmæn ˈmeɪd/ This isn’t a natural lake. It’s man-made. künstlichmoon (n) /muːn/ The moon is a natural satellite that orbits Earth. Mondnavigate (v) /ˈnævɪɡeɪt/ We can use satellites to navigate journeys. navigierenorbit (v) /ˈɔːbɪt/ About 3,000 artificial satellites orbit Earth. umkreisenorbit (n) /ˈɔːbɪt/ The moon is in orbit around Earth. Umlaufbahn, Orbitresearcher (n) /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/ I’m a researcher at Oxford University. Forscherspace shuttle (n) /ˈspeɪs ˌʃʌtl/ This space shuttle travels between Earth and the

International Space Station.Raumfähre, Space Shuttle

space station (n) /ˈspeɪs ˌsteɪʃn/ The largest artificial satellite is a space station. Weltraumstationspace tourist (n) /ˈspeɪs ˌtɔːrɪst/ You have to be very rich to be a space tourist. Weltraumtouristspacecraft (n) /ˈspeɪskrɑːft/ This spacecraft can travel at altitudes of over 100

kilometres.Raumschiff

sub-orbital (adj) /ˌsʌbˈɔːbɪtl/ The sub-orbital spacecraft will make space tourism more popular.

suborbital

transmit (v) /trænsˈmɪt/ We use satellites to transmit phone calls and TV signals.

übertragen

view (n) /vjuː/ You get a wonderful view of the city from the top of that tower.

Blick

weightlessness (n) /ˈweɪtləsnəs/ You experience a feeling of weightlessness when you’re in space.

Schwerelosigkeit

Unit 5agricultural (adj) /ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/ Britain changed from an agricultural to an

industrial society.landwirtschaftlich

appalling (adj) /əˈpɔːlɪŋ/ The children worked in appalling conditions. entsetzlichchild labour (n) /ˌtʃaɪld ˈleɪbə(r)/ In the past, there weren’t any laws about child

labour.Kinderarbeit

cotton mill (n) /ˈkɒtn ˌmɪl/ A cotton mill was a dangerous place for a child to work.

Baumwollspinnerei

demand (n) /dɪˈmɑːnd/ The demand for cheap clothing is very high. Nachfrageemploy (v) /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ They would employ children as young as five. beschäftigenexploit (v) /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ Mill owners would exploit the children they hired. ausbeutenhomeless (adj) /ˈhəʊmləs/ Homeless children weren’t given any wages. obdachlosIndustrial

Revolution (n)/ɪnˌdʌstriəl

revəˈluːʃn/The Industrial Revolution started in Britain in

the 18th century.Industrielle Revolution

injure (v) /ˈɪndʒə(r)/ If you’re not careful, the machinery could injure you.

verletzen

kill (v) /kɪl/ The machinery would often kill or injure a child. tötenlocally (adv) /ˈləʊkəli/ Children were usually employed locally in houses

and shops.vor Ort

loose (adj) /luːs/ Small children picked up loose pieces of cotton. losemachinery (n) /məˈʃiːnəri/ The machinery used in cotton mills was very

dangerous.Maschinen

orphan (n) /ˈɔːfn/ An orphan is a child whose parents are dead. Waisephenomenon (n) /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ Child labour wasn’t a new phenomenon. Phänomenstrict (adj) /strɪkt/ I’m scared of my teacher because she’s very strict. strengtextile (n) /ˈtekstaɪl/ Cotton mills were built to produce textiles. Textilientransformation (n) /ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn/ The Industrial Revolution caused a complete

transformation of society.Wandel

workplace (n) /ˈwɜːkpleɪs/ There were no laws to protect children in the workplace.

Arbeitsplatz

Unit 6army (n) /ˈɑːmi/ We have a large army to protect our country. Armeecontinue (v) /kənˈtɪnjuː/ I’ll continue reading my book tomorrow morning. fortfahren


cruelty (n) /ˈkruːəlti/ There is no excuse for cruelty to animals. Grausamkeitcustom (n) /ˈkʌstəm/ Shaking hands when you meet someone is a

common custom.Brauch

defeat (v) /dɪˈfiːt/ No other country can defeat our army. besiegendelighted (adj) /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ I’d be delighted to accept your invitation. sehr erfreutdishonesty (n) /dɪsˈɒnɪsti/ I couldn’t trust him because of his dishonesty. Unehrlichkeitenjoyable (adj) /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ Our walk along the beach was very enjoyable. angenehm, schönexplanation (n) /ˌekspləˈneɪʃn/ I gave an explanation of the laws and customs of

my country.Erläuterung

freely (adv) /ˈfriːli/ Members of the government are freely chosen by the people.

frei

jealousy (n) /ˈdʒeləsi/ Her jealousy ruined their relationship. Eifersuchtjudge (n) /dʒʌdʒ/ A judge decides what punishment to give someone. Richter / Richterin madness (n) /ˈmædnəs/ It would be madness to give the job to such a lazy

worker.Wahnsinn

murder (n) /ˈmɜːdə(r)/ The punishment for murder is death. Mordpeaceful (adj) /ˈpiːsfl/ Our country is peaceful, so we do not go to war. friedlichproudly (adv) /ˈpraʊdli/ I proudly told him all about my country. stolzpunishment (n) /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ You’ll go to prison as punishment for your crime. Straferob (v) /rɒb/ He got caught trying to rob a bank. ausraubensensible (adj) /ˈsensəbl/ It’s not sensible to stay up late the night before an

exam.vernünftig

Unit 7amount (n) /əˈmaʊnt/ The brain deals with a huge amount of

information.Menge

amygdala (n) /əˈmiɡdələ/ The amygdala controls our emotions. Amygdala, Mandelkernanalyse (v) /ˈænəlaɪz/ We need time to analyse the information from the

survey.auswerten

basic (adj) /ˈbeɪsɪk/ Our hotel room was basic, but it was clean and comfortable.

einfach

brain stem (n) /ˈbreɪn ˌstem/ The brain stem connects the rest of the brain to the spinal cord.

Hirnstamm

breathing (n) /ˈbriːðɪŋ/ Your breathing slows down when you sleep. Atmungcerebellum (n) /ˌserəˈbeləm/ The cerebellum controls balance, movement and

coordination.Zerebellum, Kleinhirn

cerebrum (n) /səˈriːbrəm/ The cerebrum is the centre of thinking, memory and language.

Zerebrum, Grosshirn

complex (adj) /ˈkɒmpleks/ The human brain is incredibly complex. komplexconstant (adj) /ˈkɒnstənt/ The brain keeps our body at a constant

temperature.konstant, gleichbleibend

constantly (adv) /ˈkɒnstəntli/ Our brains constantly analyse information. unaufhörlichcoordination (n) /kəʊˌɔːdɪˈneɪʃn/ You need good coordination to be a tennis player. Koordination creative (adj) /kriˈeɪtɪv/ She’s very creative and her drawings are excellent. kreativdeal (v) /diːl/ I’m a sales assistant, so I deal with customers. umgehendigestion (n) /daɪˈdʒestʃən/ The brain controls the digestion of food. Verdauungessential (adj) /ɪˈsenʃl/ It is essential to book tickets in advance. unerlässlichevolve (v) /iˈvɒlv/ Plants and animals evolve over time. sich entwickelnhemisphere (n) /ˈhemɪsfɪə(r)/ The brain’s right hemisphere helps us think about

creative things.Hemisphäre, Gehirnhälfte

highly (adv) /ˈhaɪli/ She’s highly intelligent, so I’m sure she’ll be very successful.

ausgesprochen

hypothalamus (n) /haɪpəˈθæləməs/ The hypothalamus keeps body temperature constant.

Hypothalamus

incredibly (adv) /ɪnˈkredəbli/ Incredibly, nobody was injured in the crash. unglaublicherweiseinstinct (n) /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/ Scientists think that a phobia is a primitive survival

instinct.Instinkt

involuntary (adj) /ɪnˈvɒləntri/ Breathing is an involuntary body function. unwillkürlich


link (v) /lɪŋk/ The brain stem links other parts of the brain to the spinal cord.

verbinden

neurone (n) /ˈnjʊərəʊn/ A neurone is a brain cell. Neuronopposite (adj) /ˈɒpəsɪt/ There’s a church opposite our house. gegenüberprimitive (adj) /ˈprɪmətɪv/ The brain stem is the most primitive part of the

brain.primitiv

shape (n) /ʃeɪp/ This potato is an unusual shape. Formspecialized (adj) /ˈspeʃəlaɪzd/ The cerebrum is highly specialized in humans. spezialisiertspinal cord (n) /ˈspaɪnl ˌkɔːd/ The spinal cord connects all parts of the body to

the brain.Rückenmark

straight (adv) /streɪt/ Our brain helps us to walk straight. aufrechtsurvival (n) /səˈvaɪvl/ Our natural instincts help with survival. Überlebenunique (adj) /juˈniːk/ There’s nobody else like you. You’re unique. einmalig, einzigartig

Unit 8deceive (v) /dɪˈsiːv/ I would never deceive my parents. täuschendilemma (n) /dɪˈlemə/ I’m having a dilemma and I don’t know what to do. Dilemmaenvious (adj) /ˈenviəs/ I was envious of his new car. neidischidentity (n) /aɪˈdentəti/ Our moral values are part of our identity. Identitätoption (n) /ˈɒpʃn/ Cheating is not an option for me. I’m too honest. Option, Möglichkeitprinciple (n) /ˈprɪnsəpl/ A moral value is a principle that helps us do the

right thing.Prinzip

reward (n) /rɪˈwɔːd/ Jasmine was given a computer as a reward for her good results.

Belohnung

trust (n) /trʌst/ Marc didn’t want to break his sister’s trust. Vertrauenuncover (v) /ʌnˈkʌvə(r)/ We tried to uncover the truth about what

happened.aufdecken

value (n) /ˈvæljuː/ Honesty is an important value. Wert

Culture

Unit 1boyish (adj) /ˈbɔɪɪʃ/ She was very thin and had boyish looks. jungenhaftchildhood (n) /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/ I had a very happy childhood. Kindheitdominate (v) /ˈdɒmɪneɪt/ American rock and roll used to dominate the

music scene.dominieren

economy (n) /ɪˈkɒnəmi/ The economy recovered and there were plenty of jobs.

Wirtschaft

goods (n) /ɡʊdz/ There were more goods in the shops than ever before.

Waren

hysteria (n) /hɪˈstɪəriə/ ‘Beatlemania’ was the name for the hysteria The Beatles caused.

Hysterie

icon (n) /ˈaɪkɒn/ Do you have a fashion or music icon? Ikonenickname (n) /ˈnɪkneɪm/ Her nickname was ‘Twiggy’ because she was so

thin.Spitzname

provocative (adj) /prəˈvɒkətɪv/ Provocative clothing like the bikini became popular.

provozierend

ration (v) /ˈræʃn/ The economy was so poor that the government had to ration food.

rationieren

recover (v) /rɪˈkʌvə(r)/ It took a long time to recover from my illness. sich erholenscene (n) /siːn/ Rock and roll no longer dominated the music scene. SzeneSecond World War (n) /ˌsekənd ˌwɜːld

ˈwɔː(r)/Life in Britain after the Second World War

wasn’t easy.Zweiter Weltkrieg

swinging sixties (n) /ˌswɪŋɪŋ ˈsɪkstiz/ In the swinging sixties, Britain was a centre for fashion, music, and culture.

Swinging Sixties

symbolize (v) /ˈsɪmbəlaɪz/ Roses and hearts symbolize love. symbolisierentrendy (adj) /ˈtrendi/ Trendy boutiques sold fashionable clothes. schick, trendig


vibrant (adj) /ˈvaɪbrənt/ Britain became a vibrant and exciting place in the sixties.

pulsierend

youth culture (n) /ˈjuːθ ˌkʌltʃə(r)/ Britain became the centre of a new youth culture. Jugendkultur

Unit 2aisle (n) /aɪl/ The bride walked down the aisle with her father. Gang best man (n) /ˌbest ˈmæn/ I asked my brother to be the best man at my

wedding.Trauzeuge

borrow (v) /ˈbɒrəʊ/ Can I borrow your phone to make a call? ausleihenbouquet (n) /buˈkeɪ/ She carried a colourful bouquet of flowers. Straussbride (n) /braɪd/ As a little girl, she dreamt about being a bride. Brautbridesmaid (n) /ˈbraɪdzmeɪd/ My sister was a bridesmaid at my wedding. Brautjungferceremony (n) /ˈserəməni/ We had a religious ceremony in a church. Zeremonie, Feiercivil (adj) /ˈsɪvl/ Will you have a civil or a religious wedding? standesamtlichdate back (v) /ˈdeɪt ˌbæk/ Modern wedding ceremonies date back to the

early 19th century.zurückreichen

decline (v) /dɪˈklaɪn/ The popularity of marriage is starting to decline. abnehmengroom (n) /ɡruːm/ The bride and groom looked so happy. Bräutigamguest (n) /ɡest/ Which guest caught the bouquet? Gastlicence (n) /ˈlaɪsns/ You can get married in any public place if you have

a licence.Lizenz

look after (v) /ˈlʊk ˌɑːftə(r)/ Can you look after my children this afternoon? aufpassen aufreception (n) /rɪˈsepʃn/ We had a big reception in a luxurious hotel. Empfangregister office (n) /ˈredʒɪstər ˌɒfɪs/ We got married in a register office instead of a

church.Standesamt

speech (n) /spiːtʃ/ The groom, the best man, and the father of the bride all gave a speech.

Rede

superstition (n) /ˌsjuːpəˈstɪʃn/ Fear of the number 13 is a superstition. Aberglaubevicar (n) /ˈvɪkə(r)/ A vicar married us in a church. Vikarwedding dress (n) /ˈwedɪŋ ˌdres/ It’s traditional for a bride to wear a white wedding

dress.Hochzeitskleid

wedding ring (n) /ˈwedɪŋ ˌrɪŋ/ My wedding ring is made of gold. Ehering, Trauring

Unit 3ability (n) /əˈbɪləti/ You have the ability to really annoy me! Fähigkeitaddictive (adj) /əˈdɪktɪv/ I think junk food is addictive because I can’t stop

eating it!süchtig machend

associated (adj) /əˈsəʊʃieɪtɪd/ A bad diet is associated with bad health. assoziiert, verbundenavailable (adj) /əˈveɪləbl/ Unhealthy food is available everywhere. erhältlichblame (v) /bleɪm/ Scientists blame our eating habits for the rising

rate of obesity.verantwortlich machen

burn (v) /bɜːn/ Snacking can interfere with the body’s ability to burn fat.

verbrennen

comparison (n) /kəmˈpærɪsn/ In comparison to the UK, Italians have a much healthier diet.

Vergleich

confectionery (n) /kənˈfekʃənəri/ Children love confectionery, such as sweets and chocolate.

Süsswaren

consume (v) /kənˈsjuːm/ Kids consume sweets and crisps on the way to and from school.

verzehren, konsumieren

convenience food (n) /kənˈviːniəns ˌfuːd/ Convenience food has become a major part of our diet.

Fertiggerichte

disastrous (adj) /dɪˈzɑːstrəs/ The health effects of the snack culture are disastrous.

katastrophal

fancy (v) /ˈfænsi/ I should have a healthy snack, but I really fancy a bar of chocolate.

Lust haben auf

fizzy drink (n) /ˌfɪzi ˈdrɪŋk/ Cola and lemonade are types of fizzy drink. kohlensäurehaltiges Getränk, Brausegetränk

genetically (adv) /dʒəˈnetɪkli/ Our bodies are genetically programmed to enjoy fat, salt and sugar.

genetisch


habit (n) /ˈhæbɪt/ Try to get into the habit of having three meals a day.

Gewohnheit

interfere (v) /ˌɪntəˈfɪə(r)/ My parents always try to interfere with my life. sich einmischenjunk food (n) /ˈdʒʌŋk ˌfuːd / Burgers and fries are junk food. Junkfoodmassive (adj) /ˈmæsɪv/ The UK snack market is worth a massive £2.4

billion a year.gewaltig

on the move (adv) /ˌɒn ðə ˈmuːv/ People often eat on the move instead of at a table. unterwegssavoury (adj) /ˈseɪvəri/ Do you prefer sweet or savoury food? herzhaft, salzigset (adj) /set/ You should try to eat at set meal times. festgelegtsnack (v) /snæk/ I try not to snack between meals. naschensuggest (v) /səˈdʒest/ I suggest you eat less salt and sugar. vorschlagentooth decay (n) /ˈtuːθ dɪˌkeɪ/ Eating too much sugar can cause tooth decay. Karies, Zahnfäule

Unit 4annoying (adj) /əˈnɔɪɪŋ/ To me, homework and housework are annoying

tasks.lästig

construction (n) /kənˈstrʌkʃn/ We helped with the construction of new homes. Bauconsumer (n) /kənˈsjuːmə(r)/ Nowadays, we’re used to an easy consumer

lifestyle.Konsument

cooperation (n) /kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ Volunteering teaches important values like cooperation.

Kooperation, Zusammenarbeit

critic (n) /ˈkrɪtɪk/ One critic said that voluntourists don’t have the skills to make a difference.

Kritiker / Kritikerin

harm (n) /hɑːm/ Some people say voluntourism does more harm than good.

Schaden

housework (n) /ˈhaʊswɜːk/ Everyone in my family helps with the housework. Hausarbeitkindness (n) /ˈkaɪndnəs/ I’ll never forget your kindness. Liebenswürdigkeitlack (v) /læk/ I lack the skills to be a medical volunteer, as I

haven’t had any training.fehlen, nicht haben

last (v) /lɑːst/ Volunteer projects used to last for several weeks. dauernmainly (adv) /ˈmeɪnli/ We mainly sell newspapers and magazines, but we

sell some books too.hauptsächlich

(put into) perspective (phr)

/pəˈspektɪv/ Seeing so much poverty helped to put my problems into perspective.

relativieren

plant (v) /plɑːnt/ The children helped to plant trees. pflanzenpoverty (n) /ˈpɒvəti/ The poverty I saw in Africa changed my

perspective on life.Armut

replace (v) /rɪˈpleɪs/ Foreign volunteers should never replace local workers.

ersetzen

rewarding (adj) /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/ Teaching is a rewarding job. bereicherndrhino (n) /ˈraɪnəʊ/ We saw giraffes, lions and a rhino on safari in

Kenya.Nashorn

sanctuary (n) /ˈsæŋktʃuəri/ We volunteered in an elephant sanctuary in Thailand.

Schutzgebiet

short-term (adj) /ˈʃɔːt tɜːm/ Short-term volunteer projects are very popular. Kurzzeit-skilled (adj) /skɪld/ Nowadays you don’t have to be skilled to be a

volunteer.qualifiziert

Unit 5anarchic (adj) /əˈnɑːkɪk/ Punks wore T-shirts with anarchic slogans. anarchischauthority (n) /ɔːˈθɒrəti/ Some young people rebelled against authority. Obrigkeitbin liner (n) /ˈbɪn ˌlaɪnə(r)/ She wore a dress made out of a black bin liner. Müllsackbody piercing (n) /ˈbɒdi ˌpɪəsɪŋ/ Body piercing was fashionable amongst punks. Körperpiercingconcerned (adj) /kənˈsɜːnd/ I’m concerned about how much money you’ve

been spending.besorgt

discontent (n) /ˌdɪskənˈtent/ Discontent amongst young people started the punk movement.

Unzufriedenheit

disillusioned (adj) /ˌdɪsɪˈluːʒnd/ Many young people became disillusioned with society.

desillusioniert


everyday (adj) /ˈevrideɪ/ Everyday items like chains and padlocks were worn as jewellery.

Alltags-

express (v) /ɪkˈspres/ I express my emotions through art. ausdrückeneyebrow (n) /ˈaɪbraʊ/ He has a pierced eyebrow. Augenbraueideology (n) /ˌaɪdiˈɒlədʒi/ The ideology of punk is about individualism and

free thinking.Ideologie

incorporate (v) /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt/ Some people incorporate punk fashion into their look.

einbeziehen

ironically (adv) /aɪˈrɒnɪkli/ Ironically, my highest grade was in the exam I thought I’d failed.

ironischerweise

jewellery (n) /ˈdʒuːəlri/ I was given a lot of jewellery for my 21st birthday. Schmuckleather jacket (n) /ˌleðə ˈdʒækɪt/ I wear a leather jacket when I ride my motorcycle. Lederjackelip (n) /lɪp/ I cut my lip when I fell off my bike. Lippemainstream (adj) /ˈmeɪnstriːm/ In Britain, punk culture has mixed with

mainstream fashion and music.Mainstream-

Mohican (adj) /məʊˈhiːkən/ Punks often spiked their hair into a Mohican style. Irokesen- monarchy (n) /ˈmɒnəki/ Our country isn’t a monarchy. We don’t have a

king or queen.Monarchie

neon (adj) /ˈniːɒn/ She dyed her hair neon pink. neon- padlock (n) /ˈpædlɒk/ You should get a small padlock for your suitcase. Vorhängeschlossrecession (n) /rɪˈseʃn/ There was a recession and many young people

didn’t have jobs.Rezession

ripped (adj) /rɪpt/ Your ripped jeans look very untidy. zerrissensafety pin (n) /ˈseɪfti ˌpɪn/ The zip on my bag broke, so I used a safety pin

instead.Sicherheitsnadel

slogan (n) /ˈsləʊɡən/ We need to think of a new slogan for our product. Sloganspike (v) /spaɪk/ Punks often spike their hair. zu Stacheln aufstellenstud (n) /stʌd/ He wore a leather jacket with studs on it. Nietesurprising (adj) /səˈpraɪzɪŋ/ A surprising number of people completed the

survey.überraschend

unconventional (adj) /ˌʌnkənˈvenʃənl/ Punks dressed in an unconventional way. unkonventionelluntidy (adj) /ʌnˈtaɪdi/ I would show you my room, but it’s a bit untidy at

the moment.unordentlich

zip (n) /zɪp/ I prefer jeans to have buttons instead of a zip. Reissverschluss

Unit 6application form (n) /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn ˌfɔːm/ You need to fill out an application form to apply

for the job.Bewerbungsbogen

audience (n) /ˈɔːdiəns/ The audience clapped and cheered. Publikumbadge (n) /bædʒ/ I made sure each of my supporters wore my badge. Abzeichenblog (n) /blɒɡ/ I write a blog about food and cooking. Blogcampaign (n) /kæmˈpeɪn/ I used posters and badges as part of my campaign. Kampagnecampaign (v) /kæmˈpeɪn/ If you want to be elected, you need to campaign at

every opportunity.Wahlkampf führen

charismatic (adj) /ˌkærɪzˈmætɪk/ To be class president, you need to be charismatic. charismatischcorridor (n) /ˈkɒrɪdɔː(r)/ I put up campaign posters in every corridor and

classroom.Gang, Korridor

facility (n) /fəˈsɪləti/ Think about a school facility that needs to be improved.

Einrichtung

grade (n) /ɡreɪd/ I’m in the 10th grade at Ford High School. Klassehard-working (adj) /ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ You should hire me because I’m hard-working and

reliable.fleissig

publicize (v) /ˈpʌblɪsaɪz/ I used social networking sites to publicize my new business.

werben für

represent (v) /ˌreprɪˈzent/ I was elected by my classmates to represent them. vertreten, repräsentierenrewarding (adj) /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/ Teaching is a very rewarding job. bereicherndrhyme (v) /raɪm/ Slogans that rhyme are more memorable. sich reimenstick (v) /stɪk/ Stick the posters in every corridor and classroom. anbringen


supporter (n) /səˈpɔːtə(r)/ Take the time to talk to each supporter. Anhänger / Anhängerin voice (n) /vɔɪs/ The student government gives the students a voice. Stimme

Unit 7absurd (adj) /əbˈsɜːd/ Don’t be silly – that’s an absurd idea! absurdaspect (n) /ˈæspekt/ Humour is an important aspect of life in Britain. Aspektbizarre (adj) /bɪˈzɑː(r)/ He was dressed in a top hat, and looked rather

bizarre.grotesk, bizarr

comedian (n) /kəˈmiːdiən/ I saw a really funny comedian last night. Komiker / Komikerin eccentric (adj) /ɪkˈsentrɪk/ My aunt is eccentric, and she always makes me

laugh.exzentrisch

eccentricity (n) /ˌeksenˈtrɪsəti/ Eccentricity is an important part of the British sense of humour.

Exzentrizität

hormone (n) /ˈhɔːməʊn/ When you laugh, your body releases a hormone that makes you feel happy.

Hormon

incomprehensible (adj)

/ɪnˌkɒmprɪˈhensəbl/ Don’t speak too fast, or you’ll be incomprehensible.

unverständlich

irony (n) /ˈaɪrəni/ The irony is that when she finally got a job, she hated it.

Ironie

laughter (n) /ˈlɑːftə(r)/ The comedian was really funny, and the room was filled with laughter.

Gelächter

make fun of (v) /ˌmeɪk ˈfʌn əv/ A good comedian knows how to make fun of himself.

sich lustig machen über

offensive (adj) /əˈfensɪv/ British humour might seem offensive to other cultures.

anstössig

perform (v) /pəˈfɔːm/ The nation’s top comedians perform all over the country.

auftreten

release (v) /rɪˈliːs/ Crying can help to release negative emotions. befreien vonsarcasm (n) /ˈsɑːkæzəm/ British people often use sarcasm as a form of

humour.Sarkasmus

sense of humour (n) /ˌsens əv ˈhjuːmə(r)/ Every nation has its own sense of humour. Sinn für Humorsunshine (n) /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ It rained a lot and there wasn’t much sunshine. Sonnenschein

Unit 8achieve (v) /əˈtʃiːv/ You have to work hard to achieve your goals. erreichenboarding school (n) /ˈbɔːdɪŋ ˌskuːl/ It’s a boarding school, so the students live there. Internatboot camp (n) /ˈbuːt ˌkæmp/ Parents can send troublesome teenagers to a boot

camp.Erziehungscamp

challenging (adj) /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ Mountain climbing is challenging, but it’s also very enjoyable.

fordernd

chore (n) /tʃɔː(r)/ Doing the laundry is my least favourite chore. Hausarbeitcombine (v) /kəmˈbaɪn/ The programmes combine a strict routine with

physical exercise.verbinden

commercial (adj) /kəˈmɜːʃl/ Our commercial success is mainly due to our publicity campaign.

kommerziell

deal (v) /diːl/ Boot camps deal with troublesome teenagers. sich beschäftigendiscipline (v) /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ Boot camps were originally used to discipline

young criminals.massregeln

focus (n) /ˈfəʊkəs/ The focus is on developing the students’ self-discipline.

Schwerpunkt

gradually (adv) /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ I hated my school at first, but then I gradually started to like it.

allmählich

military (adj) /ˈmɪlətri/ Boot camps used tough, military-style training. militärischout of control (adj) /ˌaʊt əv kənˈtrəʊl/ Alvin was out of control and we didn’t know how

to help him.ausser Kontrolle

outdoor (adj) /ˈaʊtdɔː(r)/ I love outdoor activities, like hiking and cycling. im Freienrebellious (adj) /rɪˈbeljəs/ He was rebellious and never obeyed his parents. aufsässig, rebellischroutine (n) /ruːˈtiːn/ He had a strict routine with plenty of exercise. Routine, Programm


self-esteem (n) /ˌself ɪˈstiːm/ Her self-esteem is too low. She needs to build her confidence.

Selbstwertgefühl

tough (adj) /tʌf/ My personal trainer designed a tough exercise programme for me.

hart

Expression BankStarter unitTalking about your interests • Über Hobbys sprechenDo you like / enjoy -ing? … du gerne?Are you into -ing? Stehst du auf …?Yes, I (really) love it. Ja, ich … (sehr / total) gerne.It’s OK. / I don’t mind it. Geht so. / Es macht mir nichts aus, das zu tun.No, I (really) hate it. Nein, das kann ich (absolut) nicht ausstehen.Asking about the past • Nach der Vergangenheit fragenWhat was the last exam that you took? Welches war deine letzte Prüfung?When did you last go to London? Wann warst du das letzte Mal in London?At what age did you first ride a horse? In welchem Alter bist du zum ersten Mal geritten?What did you do on Saturday? Was hast du am Samstag gemacht?

Unit 1Memories • ErinnerungenI (can’t) remember it clearly. Ich kann mich (nicht) genau daran erinnern.I remember -ing. Ich erinnere mich (daran, dass) …As far as I remember, … Soweit ich mich erinnere, … It was about … years ago. Es war vor ungefähr … Jahren.That’s all I can remember. Das ist alles, woran ich mich erinnern kann.I can’t remember anything about … Ich kann mich an gar nichts aus … erinnern.Talking about a past event • Über ein Ereignis in der Vergangenheit sprechenDid I ever tell you about … ? Habe ich dir (eigentlich) jemals von … erzählt?When was that? Wann war das?It was around forty years ago now. Es war vor ungefähr vierzig Jahren. Did you have a good time? Hat es dir gefallen?The best bit was … . Das Beste war(en) ….What happened then? Was geschah dann?Describing a past decade • Ein vergangenes Jahrzehnt beschreibenThe … was a decade which … Die … waren ein Jahrzehnt, in dem …There were good / bad / difficult times. Es gab gute / schlechte / schwierige Zeiten. One of the most memorable … Zu den unvergesslichsten … (zählt, gehört)In the world of music / films / fashion, … In der Musikwelt / Filmwelt / Modewelt …It was the era of … Es war das Zeitalter der / des …By the end of the decade, … Bis zum Ende des Jahrzehnts …People were more aware of issues such as … Die Menschen waren sich Themen wie … stärker bewusst.

Unit 2Making and responding to invitations • Einladungen aussprechen, annehmen und ablehnenHave you got time for a coffee? Hast / Hättest du Zeit für einen Kaffee?I can’t, I’m afraid. Tut mir leid, ich kann nicht.Do you fancy coming? Hast du Lust zu kommen?I’d love to. Sehr gerne.I’ll text you, OK? Ich schicke dir eine SMS, ok?That would be great. Das wäre klasse / super / toll.


Inviting a friend • Einen Freund/eine Freundin einladenHave you made any plans for … ? Hast du für … schon etwas geplant?, Hast du im … schon etwas vor?Let me know then. Gib’ mir Bescheid.I really hope that you … Ich hoffe sehr, dass du … What do you reckon? Was meinst du?Do you fancy … ? Hast du Lust, …?

Unit 3 Exchanging opinions • Seine Meinung sagenIt should definitely … Es sollte auf jeden Fall …What do you think? Was denkst du?I can’t really decide, … Ich kann mich irgendwie nicht entscheiden, …I suppose … … wohl …Do you agree? Meinst du nicht auch?I’m not sure about that. Ich bin mir da nicht so sicher.I reckon it should be … Ich meine, es sollte …You might be right. Da könntest du Recht haben.Presenting arguments • Argumente vorbringenThere are arguments both for and against … Es gibt Argumente für und gegen …One of the arguments for … is … Eines der Argumente, die für … sprechen, ist …In addition, … Ausserdem …On the other hand, … Andererseits … All in all, … Alles in allem …I am (not) in favour of … Ich bin (nicht) dafür, dass …

Unit 4Asking about times and timetables • Nach Zeiten und Fahrplänen fragenWhen’s the next … to … ? Wann fährt / geht der nächste … nach … ?What time does it get in? Wann kommt er an?Is that direct? Ist das eine Direktverbindung?The next one leaves at … Der nächste fährt / geht um …You have to change at … Sie müssen in … umsteigen.Asking for and giving information • Informationen erfragen und gebenIs there anything I can do for you? Kann ich etwas für Sie tun?I was wondering if … Ich möchte gerne wissen, ob …Could you give me … ? Könnten Sie mir … geben?Can you tell me if … ? Können Sie mir sagen, ob …?Yes, here we are. Ja, bitte sehr.Do I need to book it? Muss ich das buchen?Presenting plans • Pläne vorstellenI’m just writing to … Ich schreibe dir, um …We’ll be free … Wir werden Zeit haben, …It’s up to you. Wie du möchtest / Das liegt bei dir.I expect we’ll end up … Vermutlich landen wir …Maybe we could … Vielleicht könnten wir …Can you remind me … ? Könntest du mich daran erinnern, dass …?

Unit 5Appearance • Aussehen… look(s) … cool / painful / colourful. … sieht cool / schmerzhaft / bunt aus. I’d never have / wear … Ich würde niemals … haben / tragen.I (quite / really) like … Ich mag … (ziemlich / sehr) gerne.I’m not mad about … Ich bin nicht gerade versessen auf …


I don’t like … (much / at all). … mag ich nicht (so besonders / mag ich überhaupt nicht).I (don’t) think … would suit me. Ich glaube (nicht), dass … mir stehen würde.Changing clothes • Kleidung umtauschenThey don’t fit. Sie passen (mir) nicht.Is it OK if I change them? Kann ich sie umtauschen?Have you got the receipt? Haben Sie den Beleg?We’ve sold out of those, I’m afraid. Sie sind leider ausverkauft.Can I try these things on? Kann ich diese Sachen anprobieren?It really suits you. Das steht Ihnen wirklich gut.I’ll take it then. Gut, das nehme ich.Formal letters • Formelle BriefeI am writing to complain about … Grund meines Schreibens ist, dass ich mich über … beschweren möchte.I enclose the receipt. Ich habe den Beleg beigefügt.Yours faithfully, Hochachtungsvoll, mit freundlichen GrüssenI would be grateful if you would … Ich wäre Ihnen dankbar, wenn Sie … würden.I look forward to hearing from you. Ich freue mich auf Ihre Antwort.

Unit 6 Apologising and expressing regrets • Sich entschuldigen und Bedauern ausdrückenIs something wrong? Stimmt was / etwas nicht?I’m afraid so / not. Ich fürchte ja / nein.I got it wrong. Das habe ich falsch verstanden / aufgefasst.I didn’t realize … Mir war nicht klar, dass …I’m really sorry. Das tut mir sehr / total leid.I wish we hadn’t … Ich wünschte, wir hätten nicht …If I were you, I’d … An deiner Stelle würde ich …Opinions • MeinungenIn my view, … Meiner Ansicht nach …In the first place, … Zunächst einmal …I believe that … Ich glaube, dass …I’ve no doubt that … Ich zweifle nicht daran, dass …, / Ich habe keinerlei Zweifel, dass …, It seems to me that … Mir scheint, dass …In conclusion, … Abschliessend …I feel strongly that … Ich bin entschieden der Meinung, dass …

Unit 7 Sympathizing • Mitgefühl zeigenYou look a bit down. Du siehst ein bisschen deprimiert / niedergeschlagen aus.Sorry to hear that. Es tut mir leid, das zu hören.It isn’t the end of the world. Das ist doch kein Weltuntergang.Don’t take it too badly. Nimm’s nicht zu schwer.At least … Wenigstens … , Zumindest …Look at it this way. Sieh es mal so:Cheer up! Kopf hoch!Describing a personal experience • Eine persönliche Erfahrung beschreibenThings weren’t going too well for me. Für mich lief’s nicht so gut.If I hadn’t … , I’d never have … Wenn ich … nicht … hätte, wäre/hätte ich niemals …Everything changed for me … Für mich hat sich alles verändert, …These days, I feel … Heutzutage fühle ich mich / geht es mir …… made me realize that … … hat mir bewusst gemacht, dass …


Unit 8 Requests • BittenCould you … ? Könntest du / Könnten Sie …?Can you … ? Kannst du / Können Sie …?It would be great if you could … Es wäre toll / klasse / super, wenn du / Sie … könntest / könnten.Would you mind (not) … -ing? Könntest du / Könnten Sie bitte (aufhören zu) …?Explaining and clarifying • Erklären und klarstellenWhy do you ask? Warum fragst du?, Warum fragen Sie?You told me that … , but I heard that … Du hast mir gesagt, dass … , aber ich habe gehört, dass …How come you didn’t tell me about it? Warum hast du mir nicht davon erzählt?I was only (taking) … . Ich habe nur … (hingebracht).Are you telling me the truth? Sagst du (auch) die Wahrheit?, Sagen Sie (auch) die Wahrheit?Honestly, it’s true! Ehrlich, das ist die Wahrheit!If you don’t believe me, you can … Wenn du mir nicht glaubst, kannst du ja., Wenn Sie mir nicht glauben,

können Sie ja …Telling a story • Eine Geschichte erzählenWe were (having a great time), when … Wir verlebten gerade (eine fantastische Zeit), als …To cut a long story short, … Kurz gesagt, … , Um es kurz zu machen, …In the end, … Letzten Endes … , zu guter Letzt …At first … Zuerst … , Anfänglich … Just then, … Genau dann … , / Genau in dem Moment …Something happened. Es ist etwas passiert.

Extra Listening and Speaking

Unit 1Talking about a family likeness • Über Familienähnlichkeit sprechenYou (don’t) look like … Du siehst … (nicht) ähnlich. , Du hast (keine) Ähnlichkeit mit …We’ve got similar / the same … Wir haben ähnliche(s) / dasselbe / dieselben …You don’t look anything like him. Du siehst ihm überhaupt nicht ähnlich.Neither of us has / is … Keiner von uns hat / ist …He’s / She’s like me in other ways. Er / Sie ist mir in anderen Dingen ähnlich.Who do you take after? Wem schlägst du nach?

Unit 2 Changing a plan • Einen Plan ändernAre you still coming? Hast du weiterhin vor zu kommen?What’s happening on (Wednesday)? Was steht am (Mittwoch) an?I can’t make it. Ich kann nicht kommen.Something’s come up. Es ist etwas dazwischengekommen. Can we do it another time? Können wir das ein anderes Mal machen?How about … instead? Wie wäre es stattdessen am …?Is … any good for you? Passt dir vielleicht der …?

Unit 3 Joining a health club • Mitglied bei einem Fitnessstudio werdenI’m interested in joining the club. Ich interessiere mich für eine Clubmitgliedschaft.Could you tell me when you are open? Könnten Sie mir bitte Ihre Öffnungszeiten sagen?How do you spell your first name / surname? Wie schreibt sich Ihr Vorname / Nachname?What’s your date of birth? Was ist Ihr Geburtsdatum?Can I take a contact number, please? Darf ich bitte eine Telefonnummer notieren, unter der Sie zu erreichen

sind?Is … convenient? Passt Ihnen …?


Unit 4 Buying a coach ticket • Eine Busfahrkarte kaufenWhat time does the next coach leave? Wann fährt der nächste Bus?What bay does it leave from? Von welcher Haltebucht fährt er ab?A single / return to …, please. Eine einfache Fahrkarte nach … / Eine Hin- und Rückfahrkarte nach … ,

bitte. When are you coming back? Wann möchten Sie zurückfahren?What time does it get in? Wann kommt der Bus an?Do I have to change? Muss ich umsteigen?No, it’s direct. Nein, es ist eine Direktverbindung.

Unit 5 Talking about music • Über Musik redenI’ve never heard of them. Von denen habe ich noch nie gehört.What sort of music is it? Welche (Art von) Musik ist es / macht er / machen sie?The lyrics are … Die Texte sind …They write the songs themselves. Sie schreiben die Songs selber.It was released … Es kam … heraus.I reckon they’re going to be really big. Ich schätze, dass sie ganz gross rauskommen werden.

Unit 6 Interviewing an election candidate • Einen Kandidaten befragenCan I ask you some questions about … ? Darf ich Ihnen einige Fragen über / zu … stellen?What do you feel strongly about? Woran liegt Ihnen viel?I see. In that case, … Ich verstehe. Wenn das so ist, … , In diesem Falle …What changes would you make? Was würden Sie verändern?How would that improve things? Was würde das verbessern?I see what you mean, but … Ich verstehe, was Sie meinen, aber …My final question is this: … Und nun meine letzte / abschliessende Frage: …

Unit 7 Telling a story • Eine Geschichte erzählenThat reminds me. Das erinnert mich (daran), …You’ll never guess what happened. Du ahnst nicht, was passiert ist.Guess who … ! Rate mal, wer …!No way! Nein! , Nie im Leben!Honestly! It was him / her. Wirklich! Das war er / sie.You mean to say you actually … ? Willst du damit sagen, dass du tatsächlich …?

Unit 8 Paying for things • Dinge bezahlenI make that … Nach meiner Rechnung sind das …I’m terribly sorry. Das tut mir furchtbar leid.Not to worry. Kein Problem.I owe you … Ich schulde Ihnen …I think you’ve given me too much change. Ich glaube, Sie haben mir zu viel Wechselgeld herausgegeben.


Irregular verbsInfinitive Past simple Past participle

be /biː, bɪ/was /wɒz, wəz/were /wɜː(r), wə(r)/

been /biːn/

become /bɪˈkʌm/ became /bɪˈkeɪm/ become /bɪˈkʌm/begin /bɪˈgɪn/ began /bɪˈgæn/ begun /bɪˈgʌn/bite /baɪt/ bit /bɪt/ bitten /ˈbɪtnbreak /breɪk/ broke /brəʊk/ broken /ˈbrəʊkən/bring /brɪŋ/ brought /brɔːt/ brought /brɔːt/build /bɪld/ built /bɪlt/ built /bɪlt/burn /bɜːn/ burnt / burned /bɜːnt, bɜːnd/ burnt / burned /bɜːnt, bɜːnd/buy /baɪ/ bought /bɔːt/ bought /bɔːt/can /kæn/ could /kʊd/catch /kæʧ/ caught /kɔːt/ caught /kɔːt/choose /tʃuːz/ chose /tʃəʊz/ chosen /ˈtʃəʊzn/come /kʌm/ came /keɪm/ come /kʌm/cut /kʌt/ cut /kʌt/ cut /kʌt/do /duː/ did /dɪd/ done /dʌn/drink /drɪŋk/ drank /dræŋk/ drunk /drʌŋk/drive /draɪv/ drove /drəʊv/ driven /ˈdrɪvn/eat /iːt/ ate /eɪt, et/ eaten /ˈiːtn/fall /fɔːl/ fell /fel/ fallen /ˈfɔːlən/find /faɪnd/ found /faʊnd/ found /faʊnd/fly /flaɪ/ flew /fluː/ flown /fləʊn/forget /fəˈget/ forgot /fəˈgɒt/ forgotten /fəˈgɒtn/get /get/ got /gɒt/ got /gɒt/get up /ˌget ˈʌp/ got up /ˌgɒt ˈʌp/ got up /ˌgɒt ˈʌp/give /gɪv/ gave /geɪv/ given /ˈgɪvn/go /gəʊ/ went /went/ gone /gɒn/have /hæv/ had /hæd/ had /hæd/hide /haɪd/ hid /hɪd/ hidden /ˈhɪdn/hurt /hɜːt/ hurt /hɜːt/ hurt /hɜːt/keep /kiːp/ kept /kept/ kept /kept/know /nəʊ/ knew /njuː/ known /nəʊn/learn /lɜːn/ learnt / learned /lɜːnt, lɜːnd/ learnt / learned /lɜːnt, lɜːnd/leave /liːv/ left /left/ left /left/lose /luːz/ lost /lɒst/ lost /lɒst/make /meɪk/ made /meɪd/ made /meɪd/meet /miːt/ met /met/ met /met/put /pʊt/ put /pʊt/ put /pʊt/read /riːd/ read /red/ read /red/run /rʌn/ ran /ræn/ run /rʌn/ride /rɑɪd/ rode /rəʊd/ ridden /ˈrɪdn/say /seɪ/ said /sed/ said /sed/see /siː/ saw /sɔː/ seen /siːn/send /send/ sent /sent/ sent /sent/


sing /sɪŋ/ sang /sæŋ/ sung /sʌŋ/sit /sɪt/ sat /sæt/ sat /sæt/sleep /sliːp/ slept /slept/ slept /slept/speak /spiːk/ spoke /spəʊk/ spoken /ˈspəʊkən/spend /spend/ spent /spent/ spent /spent/swim /swɪm/ swam /swæm/ swum /swʌm/take /teɪk/ took /tʊk/ taken /ˈteɪkən/teach /tiːʧ/ taught /tɔːt/ taught /tɔːt/tell /tel/ told /təʊld/ told /təʊld/think /θɪŋk/ thought /θɔːt/ thought /θɔːt/throw /θrəʊ/ threw /θruː/ thrown /θrəʊn/understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ understood /ˌʌndəˈstʊd/ understood /ˌʌndəˈstʊd/wear /weə(r)/ wore /wɔː(r)/ worn /wɔːn/win /wɪn/ won /wʌn/ won /wʌn/write /raɪt/ wrote /rəʊt/ written /rɪtn/

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