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CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION TO ENTREPRENEUR

An entrepreneur is a person who starts an enterprise. He searches for change and

responds to it. A number of definitions have been given of an entrepreneur-

The economists view him as a fourth factor of production along with land labour and

capital.

The sociologists feel that certain communities and cultures promote

entrepreneurship like for example in India we say that Gujaratis and Sindhis are very

enterprising.

Still others feel that entrepreneurs are innovators who come up with new ideas for

products, markets or techniques To put it very simply an entrepreneur is someone who

perceives opportunity, organizes resources needed for exploiting that opportunity and

exploits it. Computers, mobile phones, washing machines, ATMs, Credit Cards, Courier

Service, and Ready to eat Foods are all examples of entrepreneurial ideas that got

converted into products or services.

Entrepreneurship can be described as a process of action an entrepreneur undertakes to

establish his enterprise. Entrepreneurship is a creative activity. It is the ability to create

and build something from practically nothing. It is a knack of sensing opportunity where

others see chaos, contradiction and confusion. Entrepreneurship is the attitude of mind to

seek opportunities, take calculated risks and derive benefits by setting up a venture. It

comprises of numerous activities involved in conception, creation and running an

enterprise.

Entrepreneurship is a discipline with a knowledge base theory. It is an outcome of

complex socio-economic, psychological, technological, legal and other factors. It is a

dynamic and risky process. It involves a fusion of capital, technology and human talent.

Entrepreneurship is equally applicable to big and small businesses, to economic and non-

economic activities. Different entrepreneurs might have some common traits but all of

them will have some different and unique features.

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If we just concentrate on the entrepreneurs then there will be as many models as there

are ventures and we will not be able to predict or plan, how and where, and when these

entrepreneurs will start their ventures.

Entrepreneurship is a process. It is not a combination of some stray incidents. It is the

purposeful and organized search for change, conducted after systematic analysis of

opportunities in the environment. Entrepreneurship is a philosophy- it is the way one

thinks, one acts and therefore it can exist in any situation be it business or government or

in the field of education, science and technology or poverty alleviation or any others

An entrepreneur is not a routine businessman he might not have resources but he will

have ideas. He is innovative and creative. He can convert a threat into an opportunity.

Small businessmen might shut-down or change his business if he anticipates losses but an

entrepreneur will try again after analyzing the situation. On the other hand an

entrepreneur can leave a perfectly running business to start another venture if he so

desires.

Functionally all entrepreneurs are self-employed and income generating persons but the

reverse is not true- all self-employed and income generating persons are not

entrepreneurs. If seen on a continuum, income generation, self-employment and

entrepreneurship can be considered as the initial, middle and final stages of the

entrepreneurial growth process. Income generating experience encourages self-

employment, which in turn facilitates graduating into entrepreneurship.

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CHAPTER II : CASE STUDY ON EKTA KAPOOR

"Seeing your own production being aired is a great kick and the fact

that most of them figure among the top ten TRP rating makes me feel

wonderful."

- Ekta Kapoor, Creative Director, Balaji Telefilms.

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The Making of an Entrepreneur

Ekta Kapoor is the daughter of Ravinder Kapoor (popularly known as Jeetendra), a Hindi

movie star from the 1960s to 1980s. Her mother, Shobha Kapoor, is the CEO of BTL and

her younger brother Tushar Kapoor is an actor in Hindi movies. According to Ekta, she

had a childhood which was "materially easy but emotionally difficult.'

Her family wanted her to enroll in an MBA program but she was not interested in a

theoretical education and had no clue about what she wanted to do in her life. "I was fat,

lazy and absolutely aimless in life.

On completing her higher secondary education, she joined FAR Productions, an

advertising agency, and worked as an assistant model coordinator for a short time in an

attempt to do something worthwhile. The turning point in Ekta's life came in the early

1990s (she was about 19 years old then), when Ketan Sommaya (a non resident Indian)

requested her father to produce some television software, for a channel he was starting...

Making a Mark

Ekta introduced Indian television audiences to daily serials at a time when weekly

episodes were the order of the day. When Ekta first made a foray into television software

development, most of the serials were telecast on a weekly basis...

ENTERPRNEUR STYLE

Ekta was a completely hands-on manager. She was closely involved with every aspect of

her serials, be it the script, cast, sets, the dress and make-up of the characters, or the

marketing of serials. As the creative head at BTL, she provided all the story ideas.

She did not actually write the scripts of the serials but supervised a team of associate

creative directors and executive producers, who wrote them.

She personally auditioned the actors who played the various parts in the serials, as she

believed she had a knack for choosing the right faces for the right parts.

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What Makes Ekta Click?

According to me , Ekta is successful because she is present in the right place at the right

time and was able to identify a niche market and cater to it successfully...

BTL achieved a lot within a short period of time. But I wonder whether this success

could be sustained...

STRENGTHS

Strong creative team: The company's serials accounted for 79% of the aggregate TRP of

the weekday prime time shows featuring in the top 100 Hindi cable and satellite shows.

Low overheads: Balaji's budgeting discipline is responsible for a strict control of costs.

The budgeting discipline has the following priorities.

WEAKNESS

Over dependence on key personnel: Ekta Kapoor is the creative director of Balaji and is

chiefly responsible for the company's success. Although Balaji has a proper structured

creative team in place, it still heavily depends on Ekta kapoor.

Difficult to sustain success: The tastes of the viewers are fickle and it will be very

difficult for Balaji to sustain these high TRP's leave alone improving them. Thus Balaji's

impressive track record may prove to be its bane in the future.

Lack of scalability: Production of entertainment software is not a very scalable business.

The channels that Balaji services are limited in number.

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OPPORTUNITIES

Growth opportunities: The penetration of television sets and cable TV is very low in

India. It is expected to increase due to the rise in incomes and a decline in the prices of

television.

Entry of new players in the Hindi General entertainment space: The Hindi general

entertainment space will get more competitive with the entry of NDTV, UTV, INX

Media. The broadcasters would try to maintain or increase their market share by

improving their quality of content.

THREATS

Plummeting share of mass entertainment: Balaji has produced many successful serials in

the mass entertainment genre.

Competition from other production houses: Balaji is facing increased competition form

other production houses such as Creative Eye Limited, UTV Software Communications

Limited, Maverick Productions, White Leaf Productions. All these production houses are

competing for the same prime time slots on limited number of popular Hindi channels

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WHY EKTA IS BETTER THAN A MALE ENTREPRENEUR

Stability

Quick Learner

Adaptability

Attitude

Articulate

Patience

Today, Ekta Kapoor is the creative director of Balaji Telefilms. Her company has

produced more than 25 serials and each one is being shown, on an average, four times a

week on different television channels. Ekta Kapoor's serials have captured the

imagination of masses. She has broken all previous records of TV serial production and

popularity in India. Her most famous television venture has been "Kyunki Saas Bhi

Kabhi Bahu Thi" which began in 2000 and is still leading the TRP ratings in India. Her

other famous serials include "Kahaani Ghar Ghar Ki", "Kahiin To Hoga", "Kavyanjali",

"Kyaa Hoga Nimmo Kaa", "Kasamh Se", "Kahin Kisii Roz", "Kasautii Zindagi Kay",

"Kkusum", "Kutumb", "Kalash", and "Kundali".

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CHAPTER III : CASE STUDY ON BRIJMOHAN LAL

MUNJAL

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BRIJMOHAN LAL MUNJAL - THE HERO GROUP

Chairman of Hero Group; honoured with Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year in

2001. Today, the Hero Group is the largest manufacturer of two-wheelers in the world

and B.M.Munjal is the man credited with its success.

His journey began in 1944 at the age of 20. He along with his three brothers moved from

his birthplace Kamalia in Pakistan to Amritsar. The brothers started supplying

components to the local bicycle business. After partition in 1947, the family was forced

to move to Ludhiana. In 1952, Munjals made a shift from supplying to manufacturing.

They started manufacturing handlebars, front forks and chains. In 1956, the Punjab state

government announced the issue of 12 new industrial licenses to make bicycles in

Ludhiana. The Munjal brothers cashed on this opportunity. Soon Hero Cycles started

giving well established players such as Raleigh, Hind Cycles and Atlas Cycles a run for

their money. The Hero Cycle was comparatively cheaper and was sturdy and reliable. It

gave the customers value for their money. In 1984, Japans Honda, the largest

manufacturer of motorcycles elicited interest in collaborating with the Hero Group to

manufacture motorcycles in India. Even after the collaboration has broken, the Hero

Group is the largest manufacturer of motorcycles in the world.

SEEDING A DREAM

The founder and patriarch of the $ 2.8 billion Hero Group is a classic first generation

entrepreneur. He is a man who started small, dreamt big and used a combination of grit

and perseverance to create one of the country's largest corporate groups and the World's

No.1 two wheeler company.

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BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS

When Brijmohan and his brothers started out, there was no concept of organized dealer

networks. Companies just produced, and most dealers functioned like traders. Brijmohan

changed the rules of the business by trusting his gut instincts; introducing business norms

that were ahead of their time, and by investing in strategic relationships. "Thanks to the

relationships that we have nurtured so passionately in the Hero Family, the younger

generations of some of our bicycle dealers have become dealers of Hero Honda. These

relationships have survived through generations - through bad times and good times'' the

patriarch now reminiscences.

STAYING AHEAD

By 1971, the Munjals had set up a rim-making division for Hero Cycles and launched

another company called Highway Cycles that would make freewheels -- it was then that

Brijmohan Lal restructured and streamlined Heros rapidly expanding business. Within a

span of 6-7 years, production at the Hero Cycles plant doubled and in 1975 it became the

largest manufacturer of bicycles in India.

He worked on two premises; first that all four brothers, the original four brothers, had an

equal stake in all the Munjal companies. The second premise was that any Munjal who

wanted to work, had to have a business to run. Now what did that mean? That meant that

between the 1980s, 1990s and 2000, the business began to expand and to diversify -- they

went into textile spinning, they went into financial services . . . although not all of these

succeeded. They had also integrated vertically right up to a cold-rolling steel mill.

But the biggest and the most important factor in all this was their continuous growth in

the auto components' segment, and this would become perhaps the Munjal's key

competitive strength. Brijmohan Munjal is steady in his dedication towards his work.

With the widespread network of 5,000 dealers across the country, the Hero Group today

is a conglomerate with an annual turnover of Rs.10,000 crore. Highs and lows, rewards

and backlashes have all been a part of the Hero Group's corporate story, but downfalls

did not discourage them, nor did losses kill their spirit of entrepreneurship.

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In the 1980s, when all two-wheeler companies in India opted for twostroke engine

technology, Brijmohan preferred a four-stoke engine a technology that dramatically

increased fuel efficiency and reduced maintenance costs. This technology was one of the

biggest reasons for Hero Honda's stupendous success.

Awards and recognition

Awarded Businessman of the Year in 1994 by business magazine "Business

India"

Received the National Award for outstanding contribution to the Development

of Indian Small Scale Industry in 1995.

In 1999 Featured in Most Admired CEO List of the magazine "Business

Barons".

Received The Distinguished Entrepreneurship Award from The PHD

Chamber of Commerce and Industry in 1997.

Xavier Labour Relations Institute (XLRI), Conferred Sir Jehangir Ghandy

Medal for Industrial Peace in 2000.

Featured as Ernst and Young Entrepreneur of the year in 2001.

Received The Lifetime Achievement award for "Management" from All India

Management Association in 2003.

Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi conferred him with a Doctorate; degree

of "Doctors of letters" Honoris Causa in October 2004.

Awarded "Padma Bhushan"in March 2005 for his contribution to Trade and

Industry in 2005.

Lifetime Achievement Award by TERI in 2011 (02/02/11).

Lifetime Achievement Award by Ernst & Young in 2011 (07/02/11).

Lifetime Contribution Award by All India Management Association in 2011

(20/04/11).

Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa) by IIT, Kharagpur in 2011 (22/08/11).

Lifetime Achievement For The Asia Pacific Entrepreneurship in 2011

(11/11/11).

Awards by Enterprise Asia in 2011.

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CHAPTER IV : CASE STUDY ON SONIA ANAND

Introduction

This paper special focuses on a successful women entrepreneurs in India. It is revealed

that the female entrepreneurs from India are generating more wealth than the women in

any part of the world. Here we focus on SONIA ANAND who as a housewife started off

her small journey of being an entrepreneur unknowingly and has come way to ahead

transforming her hobby into a business and doing good business. Her journey had various

ups and down and rough patches but she never lost hope. The various problems aeries in

front Indian women entrepreneurs and how they can overcome these problems become

successful in society. As traditional India are men dominating country but in 21st century

scenario is change womens leads in every sector like banking, manufacturing, service

sector and Information technology etc. There are compulsion of circumstances took up

income generating activity to sustaining themselves & there family. The men of these

women were either not there or if were there would not or could not take responsibility of

sustaining family With help of education & awareness, women have shifted from the

kitchen, handicraft & traditional cottage industry to non traditional business. Many of

these new industries are leads by women who are seen as pioneers. Here we see how she

carried on and kept working to achieve her goals.

OBJECTIVE TO STUDY HER

The study scope of SONIA ANAND

To examine the problems faced by SONIA ANAND

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HER BEGINING

Any one can start a business regardless of his or her age but what 5 common

characteristics I think they should have are found in Sonia Anand

Ace to me if you have a idea youd like to turn into a reality and go for it. You will never

know the outcome if you dont try it .

I have seen the growth of Sonia Anand who started a boutique with one stitching machine

and a tailor. She had a few friends as customers and with her personal touch she catered

to there needs. Within years now she has a team of tailors and men to supervise.

So firstly it started with a passion of designing and then came the perseverance to

continue through, facing financial difficulties , labor problems, her limited income and

loss of machine problemor wrong stitching problems. Then came the open mindness to

solve problems face them and solve them.

Her sponge like nature helped her to learn and adapt new techniques of the younger

generation , take there views and cater to there needs.

Sonia anand has now transformed her boutique into a new lab of equipements having a

staff of 10 people and a delivery car for pick up and drop of clothes , dry cleaning and

selling cloth to her menu offering a wide variety to her customers leaving a more than

happy and a satisfactory smile on there faces.

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HER STRONG CHARACTERISTICS

PASSION

PERSEVERENCE

RESOURCEFULNESS

OPEN MINDNESS

SPONGELIKE NATURE

Willingness to work hard and to persevere even if the business is in the verge of failure.

Having a strong desire to achieve high goals in business.Undying optimism for a future

and not disturbed by others and follow their own route.Independent and not guided by the

current problems besieging them. Good foresight to visualize the likely changes in the

business and taking timely actions accordingly. Ability to bring together all the resources

required for starting the enterprise. Initiating research and innovative activities to cater to

changing needs of customers.

HER STEPS TO SUCCESS

1. Likes to take personal responsibility

2. Likes to take moderate risks

3. Wants to know the result of his efforts

4. Tends to persist in the face of adversity

5. Tends to be innovative

6. Is oriented towards future

7. Tends to be mobile and is not completely satisfied

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HER QAULITIES

a) Need for achievement

b) Need for influencing others

c) Sense of efficancy

d)Risk taking

e) Openness to feedback and learning from

experience

f) Need for independence

g) Hope to success

h) Expectation from employees

i) Competition and collaboration

j) Flexible authority relationship

m) Concern for society

N) Dignity of labour

O) Saving for future.

Problems of Sonia anand

Family responsibilities, ties as well as commitments

Lack of education and prevalent levels of illiteracy

Domination by Male and Ideology of Male Dominated in her house

Lesser risk and uncertainty bearing attitude

Lack of self-confidence and optimistic attitude in her

HOW SHE MADE IT POSSIBLE

1. Capacity to assume risk and possessing self confidence

2. Technological knowledge, alertness to new opportunities, willingness to

accept change and ability to initiate.

3. Ability to marshal resources

4. Ability to organize and administer.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN BRIJMOHAN LAL,EKTA KAPOOR

AND SONIA ANAND

BRIJMOHAN LAL EKTA KAPOOR SONIA ANAND

SEX Male FEMALE FEMALE

EDUCATION 10th

pass 12TH

PASS 10TH

PASS

BECAME AN ENT At the age of 20 At the age of 19 At the age of 19

GOT SUPPORT Of Dayanand Munjal,

Satyanand Munjal,

OmPrakash Munjal

Jeetendra Kapoor

Shobha Kapoor

Husband , family and friends

FINANCIAL

BACKGROUND

Poor

Rich Poor

GOOD IN Manufacturing Bikes Direction and

production of movies,

serials.

Clothes designing and stiching

NEW

INTRODUCTIONS

(a)introducing business

norms

(b)investing in Strategic

relationships

(a)Kahaani Ghar Ghar

Ki,

(b)Kasautii Zindagi

Kay

(c)Kasamh Se

(a) set up a store

(b) building more staff

FAMILY

BUSINESS

Manufacturing Bicycle

components.

Producing Serials Insurance business

REASON TO

START

Scope to manufacture bike

parts and supply all over

India as there was less

competition.

Wasnt keen in studies

and with her close

aspect in scripts she

began.

Money earnt by husband wasnt

enough to run house needs.

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SKILLS Calculative

Smart

Risk taker

Innovative

Patience

Energetic

Open mindness

Communication

skill

Stability

Quick learner

Decision

making skills

Technical

knowledge

Vision

Opportunity

seeker

Desire to

achieve goals

Leadership

qualities.

PASSION

PERSERVANCE

RESOURCEFULNESS

OPEN MINDESS

SPONGELIKE NATURE

SUCCESS POINT Opted for 2 stroke

technology

Brijmohan preferred a

four stroked engine.

A technology that

dramatically increased

fuel efficiency and

reduced maintenance

costs.

Working with Ketan

Somaya at 19.

Opening a stitching shop in

society of more than 100 houses

and having no competition nearby.

VENTURES Honda Motors Several Directors and

Producers like

Prabhudeva and Karan

Johar.

Worked alone always

NEW VENTURES Hero Majestic Moped Movies like Ouatim,

Ragini Mms.

Dry cleaning outlet opened too.

THERE CAN BE NO COMPARISION BETWEEN BRIJMOHAN LAL AND EKTA

KAPOOR SINCE BOTH ARE FROM TWO DIFFERENT FIELDS BUT,

BOTH HAVE, WITH A LOT OF HARDWORK AND DETERMINATION WORKED

HARD AND ACHIEVED GOALS AND HAVE MANY A ROLE MODEL FOR

MANY ASPIRING PEOPLE.

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CONCLUSION

Womens today are very dynamic. In India there are various examples of women

entrepreneurs who created history due to their lot of efforts, patience and positive

attitude. In todays male dominated society womens have proved that they can also

work better and accomplish their dreams. Today Ekta Kapoor, Neeta Ambani and Monica

Chheda are the idols for those who want to fulfill their dreams and want to be a

successful entrepreneur. The hidden entrepreneurial potential of women has gradually

been changing with the growing sensitivity to the role and economic status in the society.

Women are increasingly becoming conscious of their existence, their rights and their

work situations. Today, women entrepreneur represent a group of women who have

broken away from the beaten track and are exploring new avenues of economic

participation. Among the reasons for women to run organized enterprises are their skill

and knowledge, their talents, abilities and creativity in business and a compelling desire

of wanting to do something positive. Women today are radiating that unmistakable glow

of leadership. The time has come for the nations to celebrate and salute the success of

women. It is high time that countries should rise to the challenge and create more support

systems for encouraging more entrepreneurship amongst women. At the same time, it is

up to women to break away from stereotyped mindsets.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.icmrindia.org

www.famous-entrepreneurs.com

www.business-standard.com/

www.businessdictionary.com

www.entrepreneur.com

www.herocorp.com/history.html

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brijmohan_Lall_Munjal