ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION

Prof. K.C.SharmaDepartment of Environmental ScienceCentral university of RajasthanEmail: dr.kcsharma@gmail.com

ARTICLE 48- A(DIRECTIVE PRINCIPALS OF STATE POLICY)The state shall endeavor to protect and improve the Environment and to safeguard the forest and wildlife of the countryARTICLE 51- G(FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES OF CITIZEN)It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974AN ACT TO PROVIDE FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION AND MAINTAINING OR RESORTING OF WHOLESOMENESS OF WATER AND FOR MATTERS CONNECTED HEREWITH

The Water Act, 1974Measures for Prevention and Control of Water Pollution

Restrict the Application of Act in certain Areas Prohibition on use of stream for disposal of pollution matter Restriction on new Outlet and new discharge Emergency measures in case of pollution streams

THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981AN ACT TO PROVIDE FOR THE PREVENTION CONTROL AND ABETMENT OF AIR POLLUTION FOR MATTERS CONNECTED HEREWITH

THE AIR ACT, 1981MEASURES FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTIONDeclare air pollution control areasProhibit the use of any fuel in air pollution control areasImposing restriction on use of certain industrial PlantsNot to allow emission of air pollutants in excess of prescribed standardsGive instructions for ensuring standards for emission from automobiles

THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986AN ACT TO PROVIDE THE PROTECTED AND IMPROVEMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND FOR MATTERS CONNECTED THEREWITH

19TH NOVEMBER, 1986

THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986Measures for environmental protection and improvementLying down standardsRestriction of Industrial activity in certain areasRegulating the handling of hazardous substances and WasteProhibition and restriction on location of IndustryNot to allow emission/ discharge of environmental pollutants in excess of standardsRules to regulate environmental pollution

THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION0 ACT, 1986OBLIGATIONCompulsion to comply direction of central Govt.Not to discharge/ emit pollutants in excess to prescribed standardsFurnishing of information to prescribed agencies in certain casesAllow entry and inspectionAllow entry and inspectionAllow central Govt./ empowered official for collection of samples

RESPONSIBILITIESSubmit Environmental Statement (Form V)Obtain prior Environmental Clearance: in case of new project or modernization/ expansion project

THE HAZARDOUS WASTE (MGT. & HAND.) RULES, 1989TO CONTROL THE IMPROPER HANDLING, STORAGE, TRANSPORTATION, TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTE RESULT IN ADVERSE IMPACTS ON HUMAN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT. 28TH JULY 1989

THE HAZARDOUS WASTE (MGT. & HAND.) RULES, 1989Definition: Any waste which by reason of any of its physical, chemical, reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive characteristics causes danger or is likely to cause danger to health or environment, whether alone or substances, contact with other wastes or substances, includes the schedule 1, 2 and 3

Biomedical Waste (Management &Handling) Rules, 1998

DefinitionBiomedical wastes are defined as waste that is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals, or in research activities pertaining thereto, or in production of biological materials.

Schedule ICATEGORIES OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE

Waste Category No.Type of wasteTreatment and Disposal OptionsCategory 1Human Anatomical waste (Human tissues, Organs, body parts)Incineration/deep BurialCategory 2Animal waste (Animal tissues, Organs body parts, Carcasses, bleeding parts, blood and experimental animals used in research)Incineration/deep Burial

CategoryType of wasteTreatment and Disposal optionsCategory 3Microbiology and biotechnology waste (waste from lab culture, specimens from microorganisms, vaccines, cell cultures, toxins, dishes, devices used to transfer cultures)Local Autoclaving / Microwaving / Incineration

CategoryType of wasteTreatment and Disposal OptionsCategory 4Waste Sharps (Needles, Syringes, Scalpels, blades, glass)Chemical Disinfection Autoclaving/ Microwaving, Mutilation and ShreddingCategory 5Discarded medicines and cyto-toxic drugs (outdated, contaminated, discarded drugs)Incineration / destruction and disposal in land fills

CategoryType of wasteTreatment and Disposal Options

Category 6Soiled waste (contaminated with blood and body fluids including cotton, dressings, soiled plasters, linen)Autoclaving/ Microwaving/ IncinerationCategory 7Solid waste (tubes, catheters, IV sets)Chemical Disinfection/Autoclaving/ Microwaving, Mutilations and Shredding

CategoryType of wasteTreatment and Disposal Options

Category 8Liquid waste (Waste generated from laboratory and washing, cleaning, disinfection)Disinfection by chemical treatment and discharge into the drainsCategory 9Incineration ashLand fillsCategory 10Chemical wasteChemical disinfection and discharge into the drains

SCHEDULE II COLOUR CODING AND TYPE OF CONTAINER FOR DISPOSAL OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTES

Colour CondingType of Container -I WasteCategoryTreatment options asPer Schedule IYellowPlastic bag Cat. 1, Cat. 2,and Cat. 3, Cat. 6.Incineration/deep burialRedDisinfectedcontainer/plastic bag Cat. 3,Cat. 6, Cat.7.Autoclaving/Microwaving/Chemical TreatmentBlue/WhitetranslucentPlastic bag/puncture proofCat. 4, Cat. 7. ContainerAutoclaving/Microwaving/Chemical Treatment anddestruction/shreddingBlackPlastic bag Cat. 5 and Cat. 9and Cat. 10. (solid)Disposal in securedlandfill

ThanksEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental LawEnvironmental Law

*