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Topic:Report on

Environmental Management situationPaint Industry

Prepared for:

A K M Shahidullah (ASu)

Faculty

Department of Environmental Science & managementNorth South University

Prepared by:Group: Night mare

Members:Khairul Hasan Bappi ID#081606030Fahim Rizwan ID#073611030Ashiq Samad Diganto ID#081924030Dina IshitaID# 052039015Marjana Nushrat Nisha ID#053396015

Env214, Sec 7DATE OF SUBMISSION

September, 01, 2009

Index

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Topic Page no:

Introduction 01

Industrial pollution 01

Industrial pollution in the context of Bangladesh 01

Paint industry in Bangladesh 02

Pollution by Paint Industry 02

Effects of pollution by paint industries in Bangladesh 03

Cause of Pollution 04

Preventive Measures 05

Recommendations 07

Conclusion 08

Reference 08

Introduction:

Since the industrial revolution began different industries are polluting our environment.

Industrial pollution is pollution which can be directly linked with industry, in contrast to other

pollution sources. This form of pollution is one of the leading causes of pollution worldwide; in the

United States, for example, the Environmental Protective Agency estimates that up to 50% of the

nation's pollution is caused by industry. Also in Bangladesh different industries like textile, paint,

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glass, paper & pulp are the main offenders of environmental pollution. Though, industries are

necessary for economic growth of a country, however these industries are destroying the

environment day by day. Industries are the so called wheel of economic growth and stability.

Different industries provide different jobs for people and help them earn their livelihood. Without

industries a country cannot be economically sound. However the rate of pollution by theseindustries is very alarming. These industries may very well become our source of destruction.

Industrial pollution:

Different industries are polluting different elements of the environment in

different way. This form of pollution dates back to antiquity, but widespread industrial pollution

accelerated rapidly in the 1800s, with the start of the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial

Revolution mechanized means of production, allowing for a much greater volume of production,

and generating a corresponding increase in pollution. The problem was compounded by the use offuels like coal, which is notoriously unclean, and a poor understanding of the causes and

consequences of pollution. There are a number of forms of industrial pollution. One of the most

common is water pollution, caused by dumping of industrial waste into waterways, or improper

containment of waste, which causes leakage into groundwater and waterways. Industrial pollution

can also impact air quality, and it can enter the soil, causing widespread environmental problems.

Industrial pollution in the context of Bangladesh:

There are a lot of industries in Bangladesh. Industrialization started in early 50s inBangladesh. As a late comer, Bangladesh had the opportunity to avoid high energy and recourse

consuming technologies that pollute the environment. Nevertheless, mismanagement, inferior

technologies, lack of facilities for treating industrial waste, wrong approach towards

industrialization etc made the environment problem crucial. Industries in Bangladesh are

concentrated in three metropolitan areas i.e. Dhaka, Khulna and Chittagong. These industries are

textile mills, tanneries, paint manufacturer, pharmaceuticals, jute mills, food and sugar mills, iron &

still mills etc. These industries pollute the environment in different ways. Some industries release

toxic gas into the air, some dump waste into the river and others fills the land by solid waste.

Among these industries paint manufacturing industries are causing serious environmental

degradation to our environment. Different chemicals are released from this paint industry is

harming our environment and our health.

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Paint industry in Bangladesh:

Paint is one the most profit making industries in Bangladesh. According to the

Bangladesh Paint Manufacturers' Association (BPMA), the industry's domestic sector demand is at

the threshold of surpassing about 30,000 million tones, valued at US$45 million today.

Furthermore, demand for paint for interior and exterior decoration is still rising, boosting greatly.

There is no question that the paint industry plays a big part in overall improvement in Bangladeshs

economic growth. These industries provide employment to thousands of people. More than 38 small

and medium size companies are engaged in paint production in Bangladesh. Some of paint

manufactures in Bangladesh are Roxy paint & Vanish Industries Ltd, Asian paints etc.

Pollution by Paint Industry:

Paint industry has adverse effect in the environment. Paint industries releases

different chemicals which is very harmful to us. The manufacture of paint and coatings produced

over 92 million pounds of toxic chemical releases and transfers in the Great Lakes basin during

1992. Analysis of EPA's Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI) data shows that in the paint

industry, most pollution from the manufacture of paint consists of chemicals such as xylene,

toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), and acetone, which are used

as solvent. In paint formulations, solvents provide the necessary viscosity that allows paint to be

applied as a liquid. Solvents from paint can be released to the environment from spills, as a

component of paint which is discarded, and through evaporation during the manufacturing process.Solvents are also used for the cleaning of manufacturing equipment, which is estimated to generate

more than 40 percent of waste from the manufacture of paint. After paint is applied, these solvents

evaporate from the paint film, and can pose a health hazard as well as contributing to low level

ozone production and the formation of smog.

Effects of pollution by paint industries in Bangladesh:

The paint industry in Bangladesh since its start around 50 years back is still growing

faster than other industries because of the increasing demand of paints locally and internationally.

Numerous local and foreign paint industrial units located mainly at Chittagong, Savar, and Gazipur

districts of the country are on full swing operation at present. Various waste materials including

solid and liquid wastes and volatile organic gases produced in these industries are being

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continuously released into the environment without or in few cases with partial treatment and affect

the basic environmental components such as, soil, water and air. As Bangladesh is criss-crossed by

rivers, the wastewater discharged into the drains or directly into canals from these industries

ultimately get mixed with the river water which subsequently contaminate the agricultural land

during the rainy season or when used for irrigation purpose. The industrial wastewater is not merelyharmful; it may also be useful for our agricultural purpose. There has been a wide use of this

wastewater for irrigation of crops under controlled conditions.

The present study was undertaken to study the impact of paint industry effluent at varying

concentrations on the chemical composition of an agricultural soil as well as evaluate its quality as

an alternate means of irrigation for crop cultivation.

The impact of various dilutions of paint industry effluent on physical-chemical properties of soil and

the germination, growth and dry matter productions of corn and rice have been studied. The effluent wasacidic and had low BOD and COD values because of its low content of suspended solid. It contained high

concentration of calcium, medium concentrations of nitrogen, sodium, potassium, sulphate, chloride and low

concentrations of phosphorus, magnesium and bicarbonate. The trace element like Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb

were measured in the g L-1 level. On irrigation of soil with the effluent an increase in the water soluble

salts, pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, nitrogen, phosphorus potassium, sodium,

calcium, magnesium and iron contents of the soil for effluent concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10% were

observed but all these parameters were found to decrease on treatment of the soil with the effluent

concentration of 25% and above. The effluent of the lower concentrations enhanced the growth of bothcrops. However, negative effects on seed germination, dry matter production and the yield of both crops

were found for the effluent concentration of 25% and above.

Many workers from the paint manufacturing company are infected with different diseases due to

long term exposure to the chemicals and effluent.

Cause of Pollution:

As a developing country, the demand for paint and use of dye is increasing day by day in

Bangladesh. Currently there is a number of paint factories both local and multinational as well as

hundred of dyeing factories operating in our country. These chemical plans (paint and dyeing

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factory) use a number of toxic substances, which are prepared by various chemicals mixtures. Most

of these paint factories do not have standard ETP (Environmental Treatment Plan). As a result of

this, they throw their waste materials into the nearby river. These toxic solvents increase the toxic

level of water. Because of this, the water becomes polluted and poisonous and become harmful for

water bodies such as, phytoplankton and zooplankton. Because of the increase toxic level in thewater phytoplankton and zooplankton are losing their natural habitat as well as caused problem of

their natural life cycle.

The waste materials, those are thrown by the paint factories into water change the PH level of water

and make the water acidic. This increase acidic level of water is considered toxic even to strong

fish.

The paint factories use various pigments and metallic substances to prepare the dye. This pigments

and metallic substances emit LED, which mixed with the air. We breathe this Led mixture air. Led

is very harmful for human being. It can cause heart disease, abnormal generation born, blindness,

loss of hearing power etc.

BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TDS (Total Demand

Substance) is affected because of the toxic substance of the paint factories. The level of oxygen that

is required for the water bodies that change due to the pollution caused by paint factories.

The paint factories also emit diethyl glycol, pyridine these are some of the toxic elements emit by

the paint factories. These substances are too dangerous for using.

The paint factories arises the most significant environmental problems. In many industries includingplastic, pharmaceuticals, food, etc. needs dyes to color their products. That is why dyes aroused in

large quantities. The excessive use of dyes often creates pollution problems in the form of colored

wastewater discharge into environmental water bodies. The presence of very low meditations of

dyes in large water bodies is highly visible and objectionable and reduces light saturation and

photosynthesis.

Azo dyes are one of the oldest industrially manufactured organic composites. This dye creates toxic

more than the parent compounds, which is harmful for aquatic life.

Paint factories are using chemicals, which make lower the dissolved oxygen content of the water

bodies. For some chemicals and solvents, water, air, soil is polluted very harmfully. This toxic will

hamper life of our next generation also. So we should take steps before this pollution.

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Preventive Measures:

Pollution by paint industry is a serious problem for our environment. Some preventive

measures must be taken to defuse this threat.

First of all, many paint industries are worried of the pollution that they create. However,these industries dont have the knowledge, finance and the ability to stop this pollution. There are

lot industries in the market. So there is a lot of competition. Pollution prevention is a costly affair. If

a paint industry does want change their ways the overall cost will go up and thus the industry will

incur some loss. That particular industry cannot survive in this competitive market. So it is the

responsibility of the government to provide funds to these industries to help them create a better

environment. Also, the government can reduce taxes to those industries that dont pollute the

environment.

Another preventive measure is to create awareness. Many people dont know the effect

of dumping chemicals in water bodies can do to our environment. They just carelessly dump

chemicals at anywhere at any time. Our workers dont wear protective gear in the paint industries.

For that reason they become sick with different skin diseases and other diseases. So raising

awareness is a big issue. The management committee of these paint industries must take steps to

create awareness among their employees. They can make their employees take mandatory class on

awareness of pollution. These industries must create a better solution for dumping waste and

chemicals.

Technology is another important factor in creating environmental pollution. In

Bangladesh most paint industries use old and inefficient machine to produce paint which creates a

lot of waste. Volatile organic compounds (VOC) used as solvents thinners by paint industries,

which, otherwise, can pollute the neighboring environment significantly. In the present paper,

control on VOC content using different methods has been discussed. Adoption of new coating

technologies such as water borne coatings, high solids coatings, powder coatings, radiation curable

coatings and electrode position coatings reduces the VOC emission to a great extent.Mismanagement and carelessness is an issue in creating pollution. Spills from

carelessness and recklessness may cause serious effect on the environment. Workers should be

trained to properly handle these toxic chemicals.

The most effective way to reduce pollution is to create less waste. As we discuss earlier it is

very costly for the paint industries for preventing pollution. The cheap way to prevent pollution is

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waste management. Management officials should take step on cutting waste. They should analyze

the overall industrial process and come up with a solution. There is a flow chart in the Attachment

section. This flow chart may help industries to create less waste.

Government should also take necessary steps for creating a pollution free environment.

Government can use different strategies for reducing environmental pollution.Many developed countries like Canada has taken a lot of steps in creating safe waste

management system. Environmental regulations, by-laws, and codes exist in every jurisdiction in

Canada that governs the use, storage, transportation, and disposal of a shop's waste products.

Some of steps that they have taken by Canada are -

1. Using a licensed waste hauler to dispose hazardous wastes.

2. Contact the manufacturer or distributor for information concerning safe handling, use, storage, and

disposal of the chemical products you are buying from them.

3. The Collision Industry Information Assistance web site has useful information on environmental and

compliance subjects.

4. Get advice from your provincial government ministry that is in charge of the Environment. In

Ontario for example, contact your local office of the Ministry of the Environment.

5. The Canadian Centre for Pollution Prevention web site provides access to provincial environmental

regulations. Provincial authorities are responsible for issuing control orders, warnings, permits,

setting fines, and revoking or refusing licenses. For collision repair facilities in Ontario, and

elsewhere, this web site can provide you with access to a broad overview of federal, provincial, and

municipal environmental regulations that may impact your operations.

Paint manufactures should also realize that there are some benefits in creating less

waste and causing less pollution to the environment. Pollution prevention is not only good for the

environment, but it can also save your shop a lot of money in the long run. Because of the high

costs of waste disposal, many shop owners and operators are now turning to other methods such as

recycling, reducing, reusing, and replacing to manage their wastes. Here is a list of some of the

more common wastes, and the methods that are being used to save money, reduce pollution, andrespect the environment:

Recycle used solvent or paint in on-site recyclers, or contract recycling to outside firms.

Reduce the amount of paint and solvent used by spraying with HVLP guns. Mixing the paint using a 'smart

scale' and computers will reduce waste. Manage your paint inventory on a first-in first-out basis to minimize

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stale-dated product. Establish good housekeeping practices, for example, never clean equipments by

dumping solvent into the environment.

Reduce the amount of cleaners used by cleaning parts with a rag, by using enclosed

gun and parts cleaners, install drip pans to catch and recover leaks. Reuse you may be able to reuse

paints, for example by using excess topcoat to tint primers. Keep all paint and solvent containers

covered to minimize evaporation. Reuse 'dirty' solvent to clean parts. Drain all paint cans into clean

containers and reuse the paint collected.Replace solvent borne cleaners with less harmful water-

based products. Consider the use of water-based basecoats and primers to replace solvent-based

products. Many painting and coatings companies have significantly reduced VOC contamination

and land problems with simple procedures based on common sense. Examples are outlined in the

chart in the Attachment.

Recommendations:

Paint industry has grown into a profit making market all over the world. It has a high demand

because it is needed almost everywhere. It has a lot of benefits but it sure is making a lot of pollution. Our

country is very small with a large population. Because of the high population people are building houses

making cloths etc for them & for their business. Paint is also needed for those things to make. But it is

making our country filled with pollution. If the industrialist who are making paint or running the paint

industry can come up with ideas to prevent pollution or remake something from paint for other uses then a

great percentage of pollution can be prevented. Paint needs chemicals which is dangerous for human. So

industrialist should find some ways to produce or use harmless or less harmless chemicals to make paint.

Some industries are polluting the environment which should be marked by the government & the

government should imply higher tax on the pollution they are making. Industrialists also have to be very

careful about their production. Unnecessary production of paint will lead to wastage of money, labor &

power; also unused product should be dumped in a safer place where normal people cannot come.

Industrialist should create their own safe zone where they dump the product. Paint industrialist should also

use good & advanced technology to create or produce paint so that it can be recycled or reuse. If these ideas

or suggestions our industrialist follows than pollution from paint industries will be lessened.

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Conclusion:

In our country paint industries are making a great amount of profit every year because of buildinghouses for a large population. In doing this these industries are dumping toxic elements into the rivers,

unsafe lands & other places. This pollution is happening because our government didnt take effective

measures to prevent pollution. Also our people are not that much aware about the pollution or harm they r

doing to the environment. So if the government can take some measures and our people can become aware

about this problem than pollution from this industry can be lessened at a higher rate. Also the industrialists

have to be known about the pollution. We have to give them pressure so that they can use better technology

to produce their product without polluting the environment.

Reference:

http://www.wikihow.com/Reduce-Pollution-when-Spray-Painting-a-Vehicle

2. http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=979410

3. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VB5-4TCPN7G-

4. http://www.autobodyhelp.ca/regs.html

5. www.wkikipedia.com

Attachments

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Chemicals and effluents being dumped in the drain

Chemicals being spilled in the factory Chemicals being storted in plastic containers

Attachments

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AttachmentsGOOD OPERATING PRACTICES

Improved

ManagerialPractices

Train employees, operate equipment properly and develop management initiatives.

Install high efficiency applicators. Label and record use and disposal of paints, coatings and waste.

Use proper handling, storage, tracking and inventory control methods.

Schedule well and practice time managementPreventive

Practices

Prevent spills, prepare for emergencies.

Practice regular preventive maintenance.

Use low volume water cleaning systems.

Use tanks with nonstick surfaces such as Teflon.

Scrape sides of tank manually or with automated system.

Install tanks with a length to diameter ratio of 1:1.Waste

Prevention

Practices

Purchase only the amount of paint needed

Clean bags and drums used to ship paints. Avoid using bags for shipping.

Replace lids on opened paint containers. Dont open a new container if one is open.

Use computers to access accurate data on paint mixing, chemical ingredients, etc.

Replace lids on batch tanks to prevent dust loss and evaporation of solvents.

Assign specific equipment to handle specific paint types and colors.

Schedule paint color changes from light to dark to reduce cleaning frequency.

Lower air pressure on conventional spray guns.

Recycle paint overspray.

Scrape dry paint before using thinner.

Use less toxic cleaning solutions. Eliminate caustic solutions if tanks are wet.

Let cleaning solvent soak in tank, then mix it into the next batch of paint.

Segregate cleanup solvents and recover/reuse them.

Blend wastes with fuel.

Sell or use waste as primer or industrial coating, or donate it to nonprofit organizations.