environment and social unit esu bi-annual report n0. 4 ... 4th bi annual report_final_sc... ·...

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Nuku‟alofa Urban Development Sector Project

Implementing Agency, PUMA / NSPAO, MLSNR

ADB GRANT-0264 TON

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL UNIT ESU BI-ANNUAL REPORT – N0. 4. May 2015 – October 2015

October 2015

ESU Bi-Annual Report No 4 October 2015

Project title Nuku‟alofa Urban Development Sector Project

Document title ESU Bi-Annual Report

Date October 2015

Author(s) Sonia CHIRGWIN

Reference n° ESU-4

Quality control

Version Date Written by: Checked by:

Draft v1 21/10/15 Sonia CHIRGWIN John GILDEA

Distribution

Sent to:

Name Company Sent on:

Maria PANIAGUA ADB, Fiji 29/10/15

Grace KING ADB, Fiji 29/10/15

Taniela Faletau Safeguards Specialist, ADB Fiji 29/10/15

Saia Faletau ADB, Tonga 29/10/15

Kathleen BOMBELL DFAT Australia 29/10/15

Sally PERRY DFAT Australia 29/10/15

Copy to:


Tukua TONGA Project Manager, PMU NUDSP 29/10/15

Tatafu MOEAKI Ministry of Finance National Planning - EA 29/10/15

Malakai SIKA CEO, WAL 29/10/15

Saimone HELU CEO, TWB 29/10/15

„Asipeli PALAKI CEO MECCDMMIC 29/10/15

Laurent DENIAU Project Director (EGIS) 29/10/15

Seventeen TOUMO‟UA Deputy Team Leader, PIAC NUDSP 29/10/15

Dick WATLING Environmental Specialist, PIAC NUDSP 29/10/15

Kaati HAKAUMOTU ESU Member and Planner, PMU NUDSP 29/10/15

Tevita FOTU ESU Member and Urban Planner, PUMA 29/10/15

Meli FALETAU ESU Member and Planner PMU NUDSP 29/10/15

Elisipeti VEIKOSO ESU Member and Urban Planner, PUMA 29/10/15

Andrea TALI‟ULI ESU Member, PIAC Environmental Specialist 29/10/15


Acronyms and Abbreviations

AB Affected Business

APs Affected Persons

ADB Asian Development Bank

AusAID Australian Agency for International Development

BME Benefit Monitoring and Evaluation

CDTA Capacity Development Technical Assistance

CSS Country Safeguard System

DP Displaced Person

EA Executing Agency

EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return

EMA External Monitoring Agency

ESU Environment Social Unit

EU European Union

FGD Focus Group Discussions

GAP Gender Action Plan

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GFP Grievance Focal Point

GIS Geographic Information System

GoT Government of Tonga

GRC Grievance Redress Committee

Ha Hectare

HH Households

IA Implementing Agency

ISA Initial Social Assessment

IUDP Integrated Urban Development Project

IUDSP Integrated Urban Development Sector Project

IMA Internal Monitoring Agency

Km Kilometre

LAR Land Acquisition and Resettlement

MOH Ministry of Health

MOI Ministry of Infrastructure

MLSNR Ministry of Lands, Survey and Natural Resources

NGOs Non-Government Organizations

NSPAO National Spatial Planning Authority Office

NUDSP Nuku‟alofa Urban Development Sector

Project

O&M Operation and Maintenance

PAM Project Administration Manual

PIA Project Implementation Assistance

PIU Project Implementation Unit

PMU Project Management Unit (in PUMA)

PPMS Project Performance Management System

PSA Poverty and Socio Economic Assessment

PSC Program Steering Committee

RP Resettlement Plan

RRP

Report and Recommendation of the President (to the board of Directors)

SPS Safeguard Policy Statement

SES Socio Economic Survey

SW Solid Waste

SWM Solid Waste Management

TA Technical Assistance

TNIIP Tonga National Infrastructure Investment Plan

TNA training needs assessment

TOP Tongan Pa‟anga

TOR Terms of Reference

TSDF Tonga Strategic Development Framework

TUIDP Tonga Urban Infrastructure Development Plan

TWB Tonga Water Board

WAL Waste Authority Limited

WB World Bank

WS Water Supply


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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Project Background .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Environment and Social Unit ................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Institutional Arrangements .................................................................................................... 3

2 ESU ACTIVITIES - ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................... 4

2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Works in Progress ................................................................................................................ 4 2.4 Tapuhia Groundwater Monitoring ........................................................................................... 4

3 ESU ACTIVITIES - SOCIAL ........................................................................................................ 5

3.1 Resettlement Planning and Implementation ......................................................................... 5 3.2 Grievance Redress Mechanism – Resettlement Plan .......................................................... 5 3.3 Other Social Issues in Project Implementation ..................................................................... 5 3.4 Gender Action Plan .............................................................................................................. 6

4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................. 9 ANNEX A : ESU TERMS OF REFERENCE (Updated September 2014) ..................................... 11 ANNEX B – GROUNDWATER MONITORING REPORTS ............................................................ 13 ANNEX C – ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING TWB-01 CONTRACT.......................................... 36 ANNEX D – GENDER TRAINING WORKSHOP PROGRAMME ................................................... 64 ANNEX E – GAP WITH NOTES FROM ESU WORKSHOP ........................................................... 65


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Project Background The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Australian aid programme, through the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), jointly fund the Nuku‟alofa Urban Development Sector Project (NUDSP). The NUDSP is a multi-sector urban development project that is expected to contribute to Tonga‟s sustainable economic development by improving the standard of living in Nuku‟alofa. The outcome of the project will be effective, efficient, and sustainable urban services. Project outputs are:

(i) Output 1 – Strengthened policy environment for delivery of urban services:

The project will strengthen the policy environment for delivery of urban services in Tonga by (a) building capacity within Planning and Urban Management Agency (PUMA) to develop urban planning and management policies and to implement the Strategic Planning and Management Act for improved planning and coordination of urban services and urban infrastructure development; (b) reforming Tonga Water Board (TWB) and Waste Authority Limited (WAL) tariffs for recovery of water supply and solid waste services operations and maintenance costs; and (c) mandating the development and implementation of urban infrastructure asset management plans.

(ii) Output 2 - Effective, efficient, and sustainable water supply services in Nuku’alofa: The core subproject will (a) increase the water production at the Mataki‟eua Tongamai wellfield; (b) increase the raw water storage capacity; (c) improve the management of the water supply network through the creation of supply zones and improved bulk supply metering; (d) reduce unaccounted-for- water (UFW) from the current level, estimated at about 50% to less than 25%; (e) develop consumer water meter replacement policies and replace defective consumer meters; and (f) revenue collection, billing, and financial management capacity.

(iii) Output 3 - Sustainable solid waste services in Nuku’alofa: This core

subproject will assist WAL to improve its service delivery to the residents of Nuku‟alofa by: improving waste disposal operations at the Tapuhia landfill, improving and expanding solid waste collection services, and strengthening financial management capacity in WAL.

(iv) Output 4 - Other municipal services within Nuku’alofa: Other municipal

services will be improved through the implementation of selected high-priority urban infrastructure components identified in the Urban Infrastructure Development Plan (UIDP) and the National Infrastructure Investment Plan (NIPP) (candidate subprojects) and could include upgrading of sanitation, construction of drains, upgrading of roads, and replacement of overhead power lines with underground electricity cables. Candidate subprojects will be selected in accordance with the criteria and due diligence requirements and approved by the project steering committee (PSC) and Asian Development Bank (ADB).

(v) Output 5 - Raised community awareness of municipal services: The project

will raise community awareness of municipal services issues such planning and development consent requirements, household responsibilities for managing solid waste (reduce, recycle, re-use), and public health benefits of safe waste handling and disposal. The project will improve customer complaints mechanisms in TWB and WAL, and conduct public consultation on service standards, water conservation and demand management. The community awareness programs will also highlight the responsibilities of the Nuku‟alofa community as beneficiaries of


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urban services such as the need to pay for services. Women‟s groups and community associations will be consulted and encouraged to participate in urban planning and design issues.

(vi) Output 6 - Effective project management: The project management unit (PMU),

supported by project implementation assistance consultants will provide project design and supervision, monitoring, reporting, quality and cost control, screening and preparation of resettlement plans, and initial environmental evaluations for candidate subprojects, contract administration services and monitoring of the gender action plan.

1.2 Environment and Social Unit A key requirement of the Project is to adhere to the Government of Tonga environmental regulations and the ADB Safeguards Policy (2009). To achieve this, the Project Management Unit (PMU) formed the Environment and Social Unit (ESU). The ESU is responsible for implementing all environmental and social monitoring and reporting processes. The ESU ensures that safeguards are integral to all aspects of project works. This report is the fourth Bi-Annual Environment and Social Unit (ESU) Monitoring Report to be submitted to the ADB. It provides an overview of all activities that have been undertaken in the reporting period of April 2015 to the end of October 2015. During this reporting period, the key areas of ESU focus have been:

Implementation of environmental safeguards and monitoring processes for the TWB wellfield development project

Groundwater monitoring of Tapuhia

Review of complaint management system at WAL, and development of complaint management system for TWB

Review of gender aspects of project The Deputy Project Manager, who was also the Chairperson of the ESU, has not been replaced by the NSPAO. However, one of the key urban planners has returned after an 18 month period undertaking a Masters in Urban Planning in Australia. This team member is invaluable due to her focus on environmental aspects of planning. The ESU team currently has three permanent members, with additional NSPAO staff joining team activities when available.


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1.3 Institutional Arrangements

Ministry of Finance

Executing Agency (EA) Ministry of Lands, Survey, and Natural Resources

Project Steering Committee (See membership below)

1. Ministry of Finance and Planning (MFP) 2. Ministry of Lands, Survey, Natural Resources (MLSNR) 3. Ministry of Environment and Climate Change 4. Ministry of Education, Women„s Affairs and Culture (MEWAC) 5. Tonga Water Board (TWB) 6. Waste Authority Limited (WAL)

7. PUMA (secretariat)

National Spatial Planning

Authority Office (NSPAO)

Implementing Agency (IA) and Project Management Unit (PMU)

Project Implementation Assistance (PIAC) Coordination Office

ESU

PMU Staff assisted by PIAC

Tonga Water Board

Waste Authority Ltd

Assistance

Assistance

Community, pro-poor and

gender activities

Core Subprojects

Candidate Subprojects

The ESU is a team based in National Spatial Planning Authority Office (NSPAO) with the responsibility to ensure all Project activities are undertaken in line with the ADB Safeguards Policy Statement (2009). It comprises of staff from the PMU, the National Spatial Planning Authority Office (NSPAO) and the Project Implementation Assistance Consultants (PIAC). The ESU has not regularly met during this reporting period, due to the reduced size of the unit. However, regular informal discussions are held to continue to implement the responsibilities of the ESU. The Terms of Reference for the ESU is attached as Appendix A.

2 ESU ACTIVITIES - ENVIRONMENT

2.1 Introduction All sub-projects and works under the NUDSP are undertaken in accordance with; (i) the NUDSP Environmental Assessment and Review Framework which ensures that the environment is considered an integral component of sub-project assessment and implementation processes, (ii) and the NUDSP Resettlement Framework for ensuring that impoverishment risks are mitigated and sustainable livelihood and opportunities are offered to people affected by the project. The ESU operations during the period of April to October 2015 focused on the following:

Solid Waste Core Sub-project (i) Groundwater Monitoring for Tapuhia Landfill- During this reporting period,

the ESU worked with WAL, the Geology Division of MLSNR, and Department of Environment, to undertake two rounds of groundwater testing and analysis. The testing rounds took place in May and August 2015. The two groundwater monitoring reports are attached as Annex B.

Water Supply Core Sub-project

(i) The ESU worked with the PIAC Environmental Specialist to review all

environmental aspects of the proposed works. The Contractors Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) was reviewed, and two initial site environmental monitoring audits were undertaken. These reports are attached as Annex C.

2.2 Works in Progress The civil works at the Mata ki „Eua and Tongamai wellfields is in the early stages. The focus has been on the road clearance and surfacing, and the mobilisation activities.

2.4 Tapuhia Groundwater Monitoring The Tapuhia Groundwater Monitoring Program is now well established, with quarterly testing undertaken by WAL in collaboration with the ESU, Geology Division of MLSNR and the Environment Division of MEECCDMMIC.

WAL – Groundwater Monitoring at Tapuhia WMF

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During this reporting period, groundwater monitoring was undertaken in May and August 2015. With the groundwater testing now programmed into WAL‟s operations, the role of the ESU has decreased. However, ESU continues to participate in the programme to learn about groundwater testing and analysis. Whilst this is no longer a core function of the ESU, at this time the group wishes to continue their involvement. The key issues in the groundwater testing during this reporting period are the ongoing monitoring of the elevated ammonia and nitrate levels in the vicinity of the septage treatment beds and truck washdown facility. The May results were elevated, but the August results were much lower. The ESU looks forward to the activities under the Sanitation Sub-project, which are proposed for implementation in 2016. This will bring a focus to investigating groundwater testing results with technical expertise from wastewater treatment specialists. It is also an opportunity to improve water treatment processes and increase the environmental safeguards in place at the landfill.

3 ESU ACTIVITIES - SOCIAL The ESU has a direct role in social safeguards for project implementation through resettlement planning and also monitoring the implementation of the Gender Action Plan.

3.1 Resettlement Planning and Implementation There were no resettlement planning activities during the reporting period.

3.2 Grievance Redress Mechanism – Resettlement Plan There were no formal complaints received by the ESU or GFPs in relation to the resettlement process or payments.

3.3 Other Social Issues in Project Implementation During the road construction works at the Tongamai site, there was „chance grave discovery‟ in a raised area of the existing road reserve. The contractor had been levelling an area as a part of the road upgrading, and saw some sandy soil and human skeletal remains. The driver immediately stopped work and informed the Engineer through the Clerk of Works. Following this, the project‟s social safeguards specialist was informed and the next day she visited the site with the appropriate Matapule, Na‟ahokonga, and had a discussion on site with adjacent landowners. The road is a registered public road. All present agreed that the bones needed to be treated with respect and appropriate cultural practices. Following this meeting and further discussions with the Noble (Lavaka), the Town Officer, the Minister of Lands, and the Matapule (Na‟ahokonga), it was determined that the road would be diverted around the burial site, leaving the grave in-situ and


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intact. The diverted road remains within the road reserve, without any encroachment onto private land. The burial site has been marked.

3.4 Gender Action Plan The ESU also monitors the implementation of the project‟s Gender Action Plan (GAP), and makes recommendations for how to achieve the indicators. From the 9th to the 12th June 2015, an ADB gender specialist worked with the Project and the ESU to provide gender training and review implementation of tangible actions to improve gender equity outcomes. Initial Workshop A workshop was delivered on the 9th of June 2015, targeting partner Ministries, Government Enterprises, and ADB project consultants. Titled ADB Gender Awareness and Capacity Building Support, the workshop explored the concepts of:

Gender mainstreaming in development;

The Tongan Government‟s gender policy;

Good practice examples;

Lessons learned; and

Addressing gender in infrastructure development in Tonga. See Annex D for workshop programme. The workshop provided an excellent forum for discussion, and was particularly successful at highlighting the challenges and successes in Tonga. One of the main challenges is that the Office for Women, now within the Ministry of Internal Affairs, suffers from chronic under-resourcing. With only one professional staff member, it is difficult to achieve Government gender policy, particularly given the frequent obligation to travel and participate in regional and international discussions. There was a positive case study presented by Tonga Power Limited demonstrating the benefits of gender equity in workplaces. During the Ha‟apai reconstruction process, TPL were asked by ADB to target the employment of local people from Ha‟apai, and women in non-traditional roles. Lines people historically have been sourced from the local technical training college in Tongatapu, and these graduates have traditionally been male. To employ local women in this role TPL needed to instead provide on the job training. The initiative was a success, with the women more than capable of the work, and lifting the performance outcomes of the whole crew. The employment of women as lines-people is successful from both a workplace outcome perspective, but also providing a visible challenge to social norms about traditional roles for women. Tonga Water Board Gender Training Following on from this workshop, the gender specialist conducted smaller strategic workshops with TWB and WAL. These focussed participants on current employment patterns, gender roles within the workplace, and identification of barriers for women to be engaged in non-traditional roles. The TWB discussion was attended by the CEO (male), the Manager of HR (female), the Head of Engineering Section (male), and three employees from the Customer Service and Finance Section (2 female and 1 male).


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At the TWB workshop, it was identified that there are no women working in technical or meter reading roles. There had been women employed as meter readers in the past, but despite a good work performance they left for personal reasons. There was a good discussion on barriers for women in TWB non-traditional roles. As meter readers, there can be a perception issue amongst more conservative sectors that the women walking around alone and speaking to males in households was not acceptable. This is clearly a barrier for women whose employment choices are limited by conservative males within the family structure. To address this, TWB staff agreed that women should be actively encouraged to apply, and over time with more women in this role, those barriers will gradually change. A barrier to women undertaking technical roles is the lack of women who have undertaken the relevant training. However, this is also changing with more women entering technical training courses. Again, TWB management staff agreed that encouraging women to apply and aiming for improved gender balance is an important step in the change process. The other item of discussion with TWB staff was that women are more impacted by water disruptions or poor supply of water, given their roles in raising children and caring for elderly and sick. Water disconnections can impact women more, yet bill paying decisions are sometimes made by men. It was agreed that, given the uneven impacts of poor water services for women, that women need to be more proactively targeted in any consultation efforts by TWB. Awareness raising efforts on water conservation and TWB services needs to target women and ensure that the messages are reaching this audience. WAL Gender Training The WAL workshop was held at Tapuhia to ensure that the Manager of Operation (waste collection and landfill management) was present for the discussion. The other participants were the Community Team Leader (female) and the Communications Officer (male). At the Tapuhia Landfill Site, there are 10 staff, who are all male. Recently a female administrative worker was asked to work at the gatehouse whilst that staff member was on leave. Her father did not approve of this, as she would be the only woman in what he perceives to be an isolated site. This highlighted one of the barriers to changing the gender balance at the site. However, the Supervisor of Tapuhia agreed that there is no reason why women could not work at the site, provided they could gain the skills from on the job training. Women as heavy machinery operators in the mining sector in Australia was discussed as a case study that demonstrates potential for lower operating costs with greater care taken. The Supervisor agreed that again this was possible for WAL. Looking at the collection trucks, it was agreed amongst WAL staff that the work is too physically demanding for women. There is also a status issue with working as a waste collector, with the role already viewed by many as an undesirable job, which would be even stronger as a consideration for women working as a waste collector. However, it was agreed there is potential for women to be employed as truck drivers. The main barrier to opening non-traditional roles for women is the current recruitment practices. For these waste collection and landfill operations positions, recruitment has only ever been done by word of mouth. Usually employees are given their job through an informal process. This actively excludes women from these opportunities.


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It was agreed that this barrier could be removed by WAL always advertising their posts, with “men and women encouraged to apply” included on all advertisements. WAL will be undertaking a new function of operations and maintenance for public toilets in Nuku‟alofa. It was agreed that ideally the teams should have a mixed gender balance. Cleaning roles should not follow gender stereotypes that this is a job for women, and having mixed teams would ensure that cleaning crews could work in male and female toilets respectively without necessitating temporary access closures. As with TWB, it was agreed that poor waste management places an uneven burden on women in the household. Sickness through poor sanitation and waste management places a greater burden on women. Therefore they are likely to place a higher priority on these urban service issues. It is vital that awareness campaigns and consultation processes ensure that women are effectively included. ESU Gender Workshop

The final workshop was with the ESU, looking specifically at the NUDSP Gender Action Plan. It was agreed that the GAP was not well targeted to achieve outcomes on the ground, particularly in relation to the work of TWB and WAL. The group revised the GAP, which is presented in Annex E. Areas are also highlighted where the targets are not possible, or outside the influence of the project. It was determined that the proposed revisions will be discussed with ADB at the next project review. It needs to be explored whether this more practical GAP can be implemented, and what would be the steps for modifying the Plan.


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4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS During this reporting period, the ESU has commenced new responsibilities in the environmental auditing of the TWB wellfield and reservoir upgrade contract. The group has also continued with groundwater monitoring at Tapuhia and oversight of social safeguards issues as they arise. The Sanitation Sub-project commenced in the final quarter of 2015. This will provide new responsibilities for the ESU, as well as increased resourcing. Over the 2 years of project implementation, there will be a Social, Community, Gender Safeguards Specialist with the project for 18 months. There will also be an additional Environmental Specialist on board, who will play a key role in undertaking ESU responsibilities. The main project components which require ESU involvement will be:

Input into green waste processing and septage sludge composting development;

Input into the contract to increase septage disposal facilities at Tapuhia (including environmental monitoring of the civil works contract);

Involvement in developing the criteria and selecting households for improved sanitation grants;

Input into gender and social issues for school and household sanitation improvements;

Input into policy discussions, ensuring gender and other social issues are mainstreamed.

Area Actions Undertaken Focus of Next Reporting Period

WAL Sub-Project Environmental monitoring of Tapuhia Construction Contract

No further audits Major civil works completed. Awaiting arrival of materials and final corrective action on site before final environmental audit.

Groundwater monitoring Two rounds undertaken. May and August 2015

Continued support of quarterly testing

TWB Sub-Project

Resettlement Planning All payments made and resettlement process complete

No further actions required unless complaint arises through the grievance process.

Environmental monitoring of construction contract(s)

Developed environmental monitoring checklists

Undertook pre-construction audits (#1)

Undertook second monthly site audit

Followed up all corrective actions issued, and closely monitored critical environmental issues

Monthly audits

Close supervision of contaminated soil remediation works.


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Sanitation Sub-project

Planning Input into IEE

Input into Feasibility Study

Input into work planning, and discussions, ensuring safeguard policies are met by Project at all times

Technical Aspects None to date Input into discussions on groundwater issues and requirements for upgraded treatment system.

Research into sanitation systems appropriate for flood prone areas, that are culturally acceptable in Tonga. Best practice case studies.

Social Aspects None to date Input into developing criteria for selecting households for grant scheme. Prioritise women headed households, families with special needs, and those living below poverty line.

Participation in application assessments.

Awareness None to date Ensure messaging is appropriately targeted and is effective for women and men

Ensure any consultation actively involves women and marginal sectors of the community.

Others

Gender Action Plan Participated in 4 gender training workshops / discussions

Worked with gender specialist to review GAP and ways to improve the effectiveness of ESU in this area.

Discussion with ADB on proposed changes to GAP

Follow up with proposed establishment of gender focal points


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ANNEX A : ESU TERMS OF REFERENCE (Updated September 2014)

INTRODUCTION

The ESU is a team based in NSPA with the responsibility to ensure all Project activities are undertaken in line with the ADB Social Safeguards Policy (2009).

The ADB recommend that an ESU comprises of a minimum of three members; the Unit Head or Chairperson, a Social Focal Point, and an Environmental Focal Point. In the NUDSP ESU, there are additional members, as it is seen as an opportunity for capacity building with PUMA staff. There have been a number of staff changes within NSPA in the past year. Two planners, including the ESU Environmental Focal Point have taken up study opportunities overseas. The Deputy Project Manager of the PMU who was the ESU Chairperson, has recently left the position. A replacement recruitment process is underway, but is expected to take at least one month. The PIAC team are also undergoing a process of change, with key support consultants of the ESU completing their inputs assigned for the project. As such there is a need to re-focus on the roles and responsibilities of ESU members, and determine ongoing support requirements. At this time, the level of ownership has waned and the sustainability of the ESU needs to be strengthened. The review of the TOR is a part of this process.

SUGGESTED STRUCTURE / ROLES

ESU Chairperson Deputy PM

Environment Focal Point Lolo Fotu

Social Focal Point Kaati Hakaumotu

Team Members Meli Faletau Motei Tapaa

PIAC Advisors


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ESU RESPONSIBILITIES Whilst to date the ESU have been managing the environmental auditing process at Tapuhia, and the resettlement planning for the wellfield, there are some additional tasks that are required. The following is a summary of all tasks for the ESU:

Finalisation and implementation of Resettlement Plan for TWB sub-project

Environmental monitoring for civil works at Tapuhia Landfill

Environmental monitoring for civil works at Tongamai wellfield (when works commence)

Support for groundwater monitoring for Tapuhia Landfill (in collaboration with Waste Authority Ltd)

Monitoring of the Gender Action Plan and recommending activities to achieve the indicators

Implementation of any further environmental monitoring or resettlement activities for any new core sub-projects funded under NUDSP

The ESU has four main roles:

Assessment

Implementation

Monitoring

Reporting Assessment

All new sub-projects must have potential social and environmental impacts identified, minimised and mitigated, through Initial Environmental Examination reports and/or Resettlement Plans. This work is likely to be undertaken by Project consultants, but ESU may play a support role in these activities.

In the case of unforseen impacts occurring during implementation, such as a court dispute over land use or an environmental incident, the ESU must report this immediately to ADB, and prepare a Corrective Action Plan.

Implementation

The ESU is responsible for implementing the Resettlement Plan, ensuring all entitlements are paid, and that affected persons are kept well informed.

The ESU undertakes monthly environmental site audits for any civil works, such as the construction contracts at Tapuhia, and at the TWB wellfield development.

Monitoring

The ESU must monitor the implementation of the project Gender Action Plan, and make recommendations for how to achieve the indicators.

Reporting

On a quarterly basis, all environmental monitoring and other activities of the ESU must be summarised into a brief report, which is included as an annex in each Quarterly Project Report (QPR) for the ADB. This quarterly report is to be submitted to the PIAC Deputy Team Leader.

Twice a year, this information is collated and presented as a Safeguards Monitoring Report and submitted to the ADB. This is a public report and will be disseminated via the ADB website.


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ANNEX B – GROUNDWATER MONITORING REPORTS

Waste Authority Ltd – Groundwater Testing at

Tapuhia Waste Management Facility

Report to Stakeholders

Round 5 – May 2015 Testing

May 2015


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Quality Information

Quality Control

Version Date Written by: Check by:

Draft 20/5/15 Sonia CHIRGWIN Tapu PANUVE

Addresses

Sent to :


Tapu PANUVE Interim CEO Waste Authority Ltd 04/06/15

Talita HELU WAL Community Advisor 04/06/15

Tevita KAUFUSI WAL Technical Officer 04/06/15

Akapei VAILEA MLSNR Geology Division 04/06/15

Filimone LAPAOO MECCDMMIC Environment Division 04/06/15

Tukua TONGA Project Manager, NUDSP PMU 04/06/15

Tevita Lolo FOTU Environment and Social Unit, PMU 04/06/15

Motei TAPAA Environment and Social Unit, PMU 04/06/15

Kaati HAKAUMOTO Environment and Social Unit, PMU 04/06/15

Meli FALETAU Environment and Social Unit, PMU 04/06/15

John GILDEA PIAC, NUDSP 04/06/15


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Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 16

1.1 Background ................................................................................................... 16 Chapter 2 2nd Quarter Testing 2015 ....................................................................... 17

2.1 Preparation for the May 2015 Testing Round ............................................... 17 2.2 Aims of Testing Round .................................................................................. 17 2.3 Methodology ................................................................................................. 17 2.4 Results .......................................................................................................... 18 2.5 Analysis......................................................................................................... 20

Chapter 3 Discussion ............................................................................................. 24 Chapter 4 Recommendations ................................................................................ 25


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Introduction

Background

In April 2014, the Nuku‟alofa Urban Development Sector Project (NUDSP) provided

the Waste Authority Ltd (WAL) with equipment and materials to reinstate a regular

groundwater testing programme at the Tapuhia Landfill Facility. In the absence of

regular water testing by a regulatory authority, conducting in-house indicator testing

provides some level of risk management for WAL.

To date. WAL have undertaking the testing in a collaborative manner, working with

representatives from the following agencies:

Department of Environment (under Ministry of Environment, Energy, Climate

Change, Disaster Management, Meteorology, Information and

Communications – MEECCDMMIC)

Ministry of Land Survey and Natural Resources, Geology Division

Environment and Social Unit, Project Management Unit of Nuku‟alofa Urban

Development Sector Project.

This approach was undertaken to maximise capacity building opportunities, and to

establish open dialogue around ground water issues and mitigation strategies.

The past rounds of testing have been facilitated and led by NUDSP. As this is an in-

house testing programme, WAL have taken over the organisation and reporting

functions, with support from NUDSP.

To date, four rounds of groundwater testing were conducted on:

15th May 2013

9th June 2014

3rd October 2014

18th February 2015

This is now the fifth round of testing, and it was conducted on the 7th May 2015. The

water testing has been established by WAL to be undertaken on a quarterly basis.

This report presents the results of groundwater testing for the second quarterly round

of testing for 2015.


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2nd Quarter Testing 2015

Preparation for the May 2015 Testing Round

WAL organised the testing round with the Environment and Social Unit (ESU) and Project Implementation Assistance Consultants (PIAC) of NUDSP. As has occurred to date with the testing, representatives from the Pollution Control Division of MECCDRMIC, and the Geology Division of MLSNR were invited to participate. Samples were taken on 7th May 2015, with water testing taking place on the same day.

Aims of Testing Round

The following aims were set for the water testing:

1. To test samples from 7 groundwater monitoring bores, and raw and treated

samples of the landfill leachate.

2. To compare results from this round and the previous rounds

3. If required, to develop mitigation strategies

Methodology

Samples were taken from 7 groundwater monitoring wells by WAL staff. Two samples of the leachate were taken to measure the water quality both before and after treatment in the waste water treatment system. The before sample was taken from the first holding tank, with the final sample taken from the treated leachate storage pond. In the Tapuhia office building, a testing area was established. Tests were undertaken for each sample, analysing for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, nitrate, ammonia, iron and COD. Results were recorded in the data sheet and then entered into an excel spread sheet.

Results


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Notes on indicative limits for parameters

Parameter Tolerance Limit Notes

pH 6.0 – 8.5 WHO Drinking Water Guidelines

EC Less than 1000 1000 – 2000 Over 2000

Relatively pure water Medium, and may be typical of groundwater on limestone Implies possible leachate

TDS 2000 No WHO health based guideline. Viewed to be unpalatable in drinking water when over 1000.

Salinity 1500 SPREP tolerance level for fresh water is 1000.

Nitrate 40 WHO Drinking Water Guidelines

Ammonia less than 1 1 – 10 over 10

background leaching indication of mild to moderate contamination with leachate or septage indication of probable severe contamination

Iron 3 WHO Drinking Water Guidelines

COD 40 SPREP tolerance for treated water release. Note that these guidelines are developed for release of water from a waste water treatment plant, which requires a much higher standard than at Tapuhia, which only has primary treatment so cannot reach this level. Also the water is not being released into the environment but kept on site. However, the SPREP tolerance limit provides some context for the results.

Analysis

Groundwater Monitoring Bore Positions The following map and explanation of expected water flow is extracted from the 2008 hydrogeological explorations undertaken by Coffey Environment Pty Ltd. This provides the context for analysing samples from the Tapuhia testing programme.

The Tapuhia landfill approximate layout of filling trenches and proximity to the near field monitoring wells. Wells 7, 1 and 8 are well placed to intercept groundwater from the main filling area. Well 2 is adjacent to the septage drying beds and is likely to catch effluent from these facilities. Wells 5, 4 and 3 tend to be "upgradient" of the filling and are likely to represent background water quality. Groundwater Monitoring Well Results All sample results from the Groundwater Monitoring Wells were within the expected range for each testing parameter, with the exception of the ammonia results. The COD readings were elevated in GWM wells 1 and 2, as compared to previous months. The COD levels were reduced in other sample readings. GWM 2 had a COD reading higher than the indicator tolerance limit. The chart below shows the COD data for this round and the previous three rounds.


21

Figure 1: Data for COD over four Testing Rounds

Nitrate and ammonia parameters are closely linked, and there is a history of some elevation of these readings around GWM 2 since the very early days of testing. The following charts portray the data for nitrate and ammonia parameters over four rounds of testing. Figure 2: Data for Nitrate over three Testing Rounds

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Jun-14

Oct-14

Feb-15

May-15


22

Figure 3: Data for Ammonia over three Testing Rounds

The main issue of concern from this testing round, as per the previous testing round, is the elevated ammonia in GWM 2. This bore is located next to the septage beds, and close to the leachate treatment plant. The level of ammonia at GWM 2 has increased from 4.92 in the Febuary round, to 8.87 in this latest reading. However, there is also elevated ammonia in GWM 4 and 5, which are both “upgradient wells” and should be seen as indicators of the background levels in the groundwater prior to the landfill activities. It is unknown what could cause this elevation in the upgradient wells. All wells downgradient of GWM 2 have very low levels of ammonia (levels as expected for natural groundwater). In comparing the data over the four testing rounds, there are clearly elevated levels of nutrient in GWM 2. However, there is no elevation recorded in the downgradient wells (GWM 1, 7 and 8), indicating that the plume is not rapidly moving. In order to provide a longer term analysis of data for these parameters in GWM 2, earlier laboratory test results have been compared in the following table.

Testing Date Nitrate Ammonia

11-Apr-06 0.01 0.085

14-Aug-07 18.2 0.011

10-May-13 na 0.74

9-Jun-14 40 0

13-Oct-14 13 0.79

18-Feb-15 12 4.92

7 May 15 16 8.87 This demonstrates that in June 2014, there was a significant elevation of nitrate in GWM 2, and in February and May 2015, a significant elevation of ammonia.

0123456789

10

Jun-14

Oct-14

Feb-15

May-15


23

Treated and Untreated Leachate Results

Leachate

Parameter Units Tolerance Limits

Untreated Treated

pH 6.0 - 8.5 7.66 8.86

Electrical Conductivity

µS/cm 2000 2000 1070

TDS (PPM) 1000 1390 480

Salinity µS/cm 1000 1000 520

Nitrate (PPM) 50 11 0

Ammonia (PPM) 1 >10 0

Iron (PPM) 3 0.61 0

COD (PPM) 40 76 87

The results of this round of testing demonstrate effective water treatment. The pH of the final effluent pond is on the high side, as is the COD reading. The colour of the pond suggests elevated nutrients and lack of oxygen.


24

Discussion

GWM 2 – Mitigation Strategy Under the proposed sanitation project, funded as a sub-project in NUDSP, there will be a major upgrading of the wastewater treatment and septage bed area at Tapuhia. As a first stage in investigating and mitigating any pollution from the septage beds, it is recommended that a separate groundwater monitoring bore be sunk in close vicinity to GWM 2. This will provide the opportunity to verify testing results, and understand whether there is groundwater contamination taking place. The new septage treatment beds will be constructed with geo-synthetic lining to provide a higher level of groundwater protection. If the second monitoring bore demonstrates contamination from the existing beds, it is proposed that these beds are rehabilitated and lined to prevent any further contamination as a second stage in the mitigation strategy.


25

Recommendations

1. Submit report to WAL Board, MECCDMIC (Environment Division) and

MLSNR (Geology Division)

2. Continue to closely monitor the ammonia and nitrate readings for GWM 2 to

determine the trends over time, and inform future action.

3. Construct new monitoring bore in the vicinity of GWM 2 as the first stage in

improving environmental safeguards at the site.

4. If the data from the new bore continues to demonstrate elevated nitrate and

ammonia, rehabilitate existing septage beds and washdown area with a geo-

synthetic lining system to provide additional groundwater protection.


26

Waste Authority Ltd – Groundwater Testing at

Tapuhia Waste Management Facility

Report to Stakeholders

Round 6 – August 2015 Testing

17th

August 2015


27

Quality Information

Quality Control

Version Date Written by: Check by:

Draft 17/8/15 Sonia CHIRGWIN Tapu PANUVE

Addresses

Sent to :


Tapu PANUVE Interim CEO Waste Authority Ltd 17/08/15

Talita HELU WAL Community Advisor 18/08/15

Tevita KAUFUSI WAL Technical Officer 18/08/15

Akapei VAILEA MLSNR Geology Division 18/08/15

Filimone LAPAOO MECCDMMIC Environment Division 18/08/15

„Atunaisa Fetokai Acting Project Manager, NUDSP PMU 18/08/15

Tevita Lolo FOTU Environment and Social Unit, PMU 18/08/15

Kaati HAKAUMOTO Environment and Social Unit, PMU 18/08/15

Meli FALETAU Environment and Social Unit, PMU 18/08/15

John GILDEA PIAC, NUDSP 18/08/15


28

Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 29

1.1 Background ................................................................................................... 29 Chapter 2 3rd Quarter Testing 2015 ....................................................................... 30

2.1 Preparation for the August 2015 Testing Round ........................................... 30 2.2 Aims of Testing Round .................................................................................. 30 2.3 Methodology ................................................................................................. 30 2.4 Results .......................................................................................................... 31 2.5 Analysis......................................................................................................... 33

Chapter 3 Discussion ............................................................................................. 34 Chapter 4 Recommendations ................................................................................ 35


29

Introduction

Background

In April 2014, the Nuku‟alofa Urban Development Sector Project (NUDSP) provided

the Waste Authority Ltd (WAL) with equipment and materials to reinstate a regular

groundwater testing programme at the Tapuhia Landfill Facility. In the absence of

regular water testing by a regulatory authority, conducting in-house indicator testing

provides some level of risk management for WAL.

To date WAL have undertaken the testing in a collaborative manner, working with

representatives from the following agencies:

Department of Environment (under Ministry of Environment, Energy, Climate

Change, Disaster Management, Meteorology, Information and

Communications – MEECCDMMIC)

Ministry of Land Survey and Natural Resources, Geology Division

Environment and Social Unit, Project Management Unit of Nuku‟alofa Urban

Development Sector Project.

This approach was undertaken to maximise capacity building opportunities, and to

establish open dialogue around ground water issues and mitigation strategies.

The past rounds of testing have been facilitated and led by NUDSP. As this is an in-

house testing programme, WAL have taken over the organisation and reporting

functions, with support from NUDSP.

To date, five rounds of groundwater testing were conducted on:

15th May 2013

9th June 2014

3rd October 2014

18th February 2015

7th May 2015

This is now the sixth round of testing, and it was conducted on the 4th August 2015.

The water testing has been established by WAL to be undertaken on a quarterly

basis.

This report presents the results of groundwater testing for the third quarterly round of

testing for 2015.


30

3rd Quarter Testing 2015

Preparation for the August 2015 Testing Round

WAL organised the testing round with the Environment and Social Unit (ESU) and Project Implementation Assistance Consultants (PIAC) of NUDSP. As has occurred to date with the testing, representatives from the Pollution Control Division of MECCDRMIC, and the Geology Division of MLSNR were invited to participate. Samples were taken on 4th August 2015, with water testing taking place on the same day.

Aims of Testing Round

The following aims were set for the water testing:

1. To test samples from 7 groundwater monitoring bores, and raw and treated

samples of the landfill leachate.

2. To compare results from this round and the previous rounds

3. If required, to develop mitigation strategies

Methodology

Samples were taken from 7 groundwater monitoring wells by WAL staff. Two samples of the leachate were taken to measure the water quality both before and after treatment in the waste water treatment system. The before sample was taken from the first holding tank, with the final sample taken from the treated leachate storage pond. In the Tapuhia office building, a testing area was established. Tests were undertaken for each sample, analysing for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, nitrate, ammonia, iron and COD. Results were recorded in the data sheet and then entered into an excel spread sheet.

Results


32

Notes on indicative limits for parameters

Parameter Tolerance Limit Notes

pH 6.0 – 8.5 WHO Drinking Water Guidelines

EC Less than 1000 1000 – 2000 Over 2000

Relatively pure water Medium, and may be typical of groundwater on limestone Implies possible leachate

TDS 2000 No WHO health based guideline. Viewed to be unpalatable in drinking water when over 1000.

Salinity 1500 SPREP tolerance level for fresh water is 1000.

Nitrate 40 WHO Drinking Water Guidelines

Ammonia less than 1 1 – 10 over 10

background leaching indication of mild to moderate contamination with leachate or septage indication of probable severe contamination

Iron 3 WHO Drinking Water Guidelines

COD 40 SPREP tolerance for treated water release. Note that these guidelines are developed for release of water from a waste water treatment plant, which requires a much higher standard than at Tapuhia, which only has primary treatment so cannot reach this level. Also the water is not being released into the environment but kept on site. However, the SPREP tolerance limit provides some context for the results.


33

Analysis

Groundwater Monitoring Well Results All sample results from the Groundwater Monitoring Wells were within the expected range for each testing parameter. There was an overall improvement in water quality, particularly at GWMW #2, which had previously shown elevated COD and ammonia readings. Treated and Untreated Leachate Results

Leachate

Parameter Units Tolerance Limits

Untreated Treated

pH 6.0 - 8.5 8.28 8.3

Electrical Conductivity

µS/cm 2000 2400 1532

TDS (PPM) 1000 1740 1100

Salinity µS/cm 1000 1210 780

Nitrate (PPM) 50 44 11

Ammonia (PPM) 1 0 0

Iron (PPM) 3 5.28 1.95

COD (PPM) 40 5 53

The results of this round of testing demonstrate effective water treatment. The COD of the final effluent pond is on the high side, which will be useful data to provide as a background to the design of the wastewater treatment plant upgrade at Tapuhia. The colour of the pond suggests elevated nutrients and lack of oxygen.


34

Discussion

This round of test results shows no adverse indicators for groundwater quality in the vicinity of the Tapuhia Landfill. In this round, there was no contamination indicated in GWMW #2, despite elevated COD and nitrate in earlier testing rounds. As discussed in the previous report, the indicator testing provides a consistent data set to be used for analysis in the design of the upgraded septage treatment beds and wastewater treatment plant at Tauphia, both of which will be funded under the Sanitation Sub-project of the Nuku‟alofa Urban Development Project. Increasing the capacity of the treatment plant is important to address the risk of off-site contamination. The indicator testing provides an important risk management tool for the Waste Authority. However, there is no external testing undertaken from a regulatory or environmental protection perspective. Discussions with the regulator, MECCDMMIC, will be undertaken to discuss this gap, and look at longer term improvements to the testing regime.


35

Recommendations

1. Submit report to WAL Board, MECCDMIC (Environment Division) and MLSNR

(Geology Division)

2. Continue to closely monitor indicator results, particularly for GWM #2. This will

continue to determine the trends over time, and inform future action.

3. When discussing design of the waste water treatment plant upgrade, the indicator

test results will inform suppliers of the current performance of the water treatment

system, and potential improvements required.

4. Commence discussions with the regulator, MEECCDMMIC, to look at ways to

improve the testing programme over time.


36

ANNEX C – ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING TWB-01 CONTRACT

TONGA: Nuku’alofa Urban Development Sector Project

Rehabilitation and Extension of Borefields at Mataki’eua and Tongamai and Construction of

4,000m3 Reservoir at Mataki’eua, Nuku’alofa, Kingdom of Tonga

Construction Environmental Management

Monitoring Report # 1: August 2015

Prepared by Environment and Social Unit (National Spatial Planning Office and NUDSP PIAC)

For the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Project Number: TON 42394

Grant Number: 0264 – TON (SF)

Mataki’eua CEMP Report

37

Mateki’eua Contract

Construction Environmental Management Monitoring Report # 1: August 2015

INTRODUCTION

Background to this Document

The Nuku’alofa Urban Development Sector Project is co-funded by the Asian Development Bank and the Australian Government (through DFAT), with the support of the Government of Tonga. One of the priorities identified to improve the urban environment in Nuku’alofa is to provide assistance to the Tonga Water Board to upgrade water supply, production, storage and distribution.

As set out in the Tonga Water Board Act 2000 TWB is governed by and functions in accordance with the Act to provide water supply services for domestic, stock, horticultural, industrial, commercial, recreational, environmental and other beneficial uses, in any area in which it may be appointed to do so under this Act. The town of Nuku’alofa is currently served from the Mataki’eua and Tongamai well fields and managed by TWB.

The bore field for the urban water supply currently comprises 39 wells with 29 at Mataki’eua and 11 on the Tongamai extension. The current works will provide an additional 12 bores and replace 6 collapsed bores as well convert all remaining diesel pumps to electrical pumps. Ancillary works will include road upgrading and services installation (power and water) as well as the construction of a 4,000m3 reservoir. During the works, soil contaminated with hydro-carbons will be removed, and remediated on site.

Site Values

Site values or qualities which have been identified that require protection at Mataki’eua-Tongamai include:

Groundwater Roadside trees, and trees at the new bore sites

Environmental Issues

In undertaking the Mataki’eua Civil Works Contract the following environmental issues need to be addressed:

Unnecessary removal of mature trees and vegetation during road works and new well siting;

Contamination of the groundwater during the works; Poor construction waste management; Inappropriate sanitary arrangements; Poorly implemented soil remediation works; Dust generation during roadworks; Absence of traffic management during roadworks; Excessive noise from construction plant; and, Non-compliant health and safety measures.

Purpose of this Document

The purpose of this document is to fulfill NUSDP’s monitoring requirements of the Mataki’eua Civil Works Contract – Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan, for the Asian Development Bank.


38

Circulation of this Document - This report is circulated by the NUDSP PMU to the following: TWB - Saimone Helu (CEO), Quddus Fielea (Engineering Manager TWB) PMU -ESU Team – Peti Veiksos (Urban Planner), Lolo Fotu (Urban Planner) PIAC - Seventeen Toumoua (Engineer to the Contract), Sonia Chirgwin (Waste Management Advisor), Dick Watling (Environmental Advisor) Contractors – Ghao Dong, Zhao Xing (CCECC)


39


40

MATAKI’EUA CIVIL WORKS CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MONITORING REPORT

Date of Inspection: 19 August 2015

Recorder: Dick Watling

Inspection Team: PUMD ESU/NUDSP: EV, SC, DW, TP, SH, VP Contractor: GD, ZX Other: NT (TWB)

Nature of Inspection: 1st Monthly Report

Weather Conditions: Fine & Sunny

Site Condition: Firm – no significant rain in preceding week

Extent of Works: Just starting works – construction of site office and clearing the road footprint

General Comment and Observations:

1. Initial site inspection was undertaken to coincide with the official start of the contract, and followed a gathering on site with representatives of TWB, NUDSP (Engineer and staff; consultants); PUMA ESU rep and contractor;

2. Inspection comprised a drive along all the roads to be upgraded and a view of all the existing and new bore sites which will form the works, stopping at several of these to discuss specific issue, and the remediation site, initial pictures of the works‟ sites were taken;

3. Works had just started with clearing of the road footprint following marking of survey point, and the contractor‟s site office had been erected;

4. Photographic record made (Note on photographs: Contractor is required to take progress photos and include in monthly reports. Any ESU photos to be stored by PIAC team

5. The contractor‟s CEMP has been completed but has yet to be officially submitted and approved by the Engineer. As such this site visit was primarily and introductory one for all the agency members and no corrective actions are identified here. These should start from next month‟s site inspection. Issues which were apparent were discussed with the contractor on the site.

6. The „chance grave discovery‟ in the road footprint was visited. The contractor had been levelling an area as a part of the road upgrading, and saw some sandy soil and human skeletal remains. The driver immediately stopped work and informed the Engineer through the Clerk of Works. Following this the project‟s social safeguards specialist was informed and the next day she visited the site with the appropriate Matapule and had a discussion on site with adjacent landowners. The road is a registered public road. At the time of the visit the outcome of the find remained to be finalised. All present agreed that the bones needed to be treated with respect and appropriate cultural practices. The options are to move the bones and re-bury adjacent to the road, or re-route the road around the cemetery area. At this time it is unknown whether there are more remains on the site. The road reserve area provides adequate space to resolve the issue without encroaching on the area of private land.

7. Litter dumping is a problem on the project roads near the Tongamai main road junction, especially in the small track just behind Well Site 130. Clearing this is not part of the contractor‟s responsibility, but finding a solution in removing this small dump and some more waste along the other project roads would be very useful.


41

INSPECTION CHECKLIST

Action/Mitigation Measure

Mitigation Implementation

Impacts Observed/Location Action Required

(Corrective Action # &

Date)

Contractor Response/Comment

Yes/No Effectiveness

(1 to 5)

1. Contractor environmental awareness, inspection and reporting

Aware of environmental management requirements

Has copy of IEE, EMP;

Delivering training and/or awareness to staff (staff induction, tool box meetings)

Daily/weekly inspections

Reporting

Yes

Yes

Not yet

Not yet

3 CEMP has been completed but yet to be officially submitted and approved by the Engineer.

Discussions have been undertaken with the contractors as to the requirements of the CEMP. Formal CAs when CEMP is approved.

2. Vegetation Management

No vegetation to be removed outside of the road survey area.

No character trees removed from the bore sites without approval of the engineer.

Yes

n/a

4 Existing road, so very few large trees in or near footprint. A bit untidy in places with soil and brush piled up; but no character trees removed and evident avoidance in some places of good sized trees.

3. Groundwater Quality Control

Careful construction around drill sites;

Protocols for safe water well drilling being implemented

No fuel or hazardous chemical storage at the worksite as per CEMP

n/a No works at the drill sites yet, other than an exploratory soil removal exercise at a collapsed well 131 with NUSDP staff, TWB and contractor. Issues were discussed on the site and „Guidance Notes‟ are being prepared

4. Waste management

Construction waste disposed of correctly to Tapuhia

Waste bins present at site office and work sites

Prior to disposal, store all waste in suitable areas/receptacles to prevent hazards such as fires, attraction to vermin, dissemination of dust, leachate to groundwater

Mobile toilets in use as office site and work site

Yes

No

3

1

One waste bin at the site office.

No mobile toilets on site as yet. Discussed with contractor.

5. Noise Control

Minimise sound generated by civil works by use of appropriate construction design, equipment and materials;

Where possible, program work such that high noise levels occur at times of least impact. I.e. 0700 to 1830 hrs, Monday to Saturday only as no work is allowed on Sunday;

Where necessary and possible, fit plant and equipment with acoustic canopies and/or exhaust suppressors

Yes

4

No plant working at the time of the visit. However, some diesel powered pumps in operation were noisy !


42

Action/Mitigation Measure Mitigation

Implementation Impacts Observed/Location

Action Required


Date)


6. Dust Control Use water trucks, when required, to wet areas that generate dust;

Restrict construction activities to the minimum possible area;

Stabilise disturbed areas as soon as practicable;

Cover trucks that transport dusty materials;

n/a No dust issues at present. Adequate rain in past week.

7. Contaminated Soil Remediation

Soil remediation being undertaken in accordance with specification

All contaminated or possibly contaminated soil being conveyed to remediation site

Remediation site with secure vegetation bunds preventing leakage of soil

Biosol Green 2000 being used

Yes

Yes

No

4

4

1

Soil remediation has been initiated, with one load of soil taken to the site.

The vegetation bund is not adequately constructed and a much more robust bund is required.

Biosol not yet being used. Information on Biosol has been sent to the contractor

A vegetation bund according to specs to be put in place

Issue has been discussed with the contractor and an understanding reached.

8. General Site Management

Install traffic barriers around work sites;

Provide and maintain adequate warning signs at site boundaries and along excavations;

Provide suitable enclosed storage areas for construction materials and locate away from drainage lines;

Manage all spoil to minimize blockage of drainage lines, dust generation, and to use as back-fill where appropriate;

Minimise waste generated through reduction, reuse and recycling;

Maintain site office and amenities in good condition and keep surrounding areas clean and tidy.

n/a

No

n/a

n/a

yes

1

4

No road signs around road work clearing

Road signs indicating road construction works in progress need to be put in place

Not discussed on site but issue and other health and safety issues raised at the Site Meeting – same day as the Inspection

9. Community Disruption and Health Control

Inform community and local authorities of project plans and schedule and location of proposed works;

Provide appropriate signage and control to ensure safety;

Where appropriate, provide opportunities for local householders (or community members) to be engaged in the construction activities. Particular attention should be given to providing work opportunities for women (as per the NUDSP Gender Action Plan)

?

No

?

1

Discuss communications and clarify responsibilities

One major sign for the project is required and road signs indicating road works needed as above

Effectiveness rating; 1 = non-compliant - corrective actions required; 2 = partial compliance – corrective or alternative actions required; 3 = adequately implementing CEMP measures; 4 = more than adequately implementing CEMP measures; 5 = excellent compliance, incl. measures in addition to CEMP


43

CORRECTIVE ACTION REGISTER

# Corrective Action Required Ref # &

Date (from Engineer)

Actions Implemented Date

Checked

Effectiveness/ Comments

1

A vegetation bund at the remediation site to be constructed according to specs and „guidance notes on remediation‟ currently in draft form.

Official Ref # from the Engineer required

2

Traffic signs need to be put in place during the road works – sufficient would be a sign at all entrance points from main public roads to the works roads. And cones close to the operational area.

3

One large Project Sign to be erected.


44

PHOTOGRAPHS OF SITE INSPECTION – 20 AUGUST 2015 – 1ST SITE INSPECTION

Photo 1: Well Site 216 – very heavily contaminated site Photo 2: Well Site 131- collapsed bore and used for initial site remediation

Photo 3: Well Site 133 – very heavily contaminated site Photo 4: Well Site 133 – very heavily contaminated site


45

Photo 5: Well Site 123 – no visible contamination, but dead grass indicative Photo 6: Well Site 128 – highly contaminated site

Photo 7: Road footprint clearing – large trees avoided Photo 8: Soil remediation site


46

Photo 9: Grave discovery site – cordoned off and detour in place Photo 10: Bones exposed in chance grave find in road footprint

Photo 11: Chance grave find – NUSDP staff, social safeguard specialist, adjacentlandowners and Matpule on site.

Photo 12: Litter dumping in side road behind Well Site 130


47

RECORD OF CONDITION OF EXISTING WELL SITES JUST PRIOR TO PROJECT COMMENCEMENT

Well Site #

216


48

132

133


49

121


50

123

125


51

127

128


52

130


53

TONGA: Nuku’alofa Urban Development Sector Project

Rehabilitation and Extension of Borefields at Mataki’eua and Tongamai and Construction of

4,000m3 Reservoir at Mataki’eua, Nuku’alofa, Kingdom of Tonga

Construction Environmental Management

Monitoring Report # 2: September 2015

Prepared by Environment and Social Unit (National Spatial Planning Office and NUDSP PIAC)

For the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Project Number: TON 42394

Grant Number: 0264 – TON (SF)


54

Mateki’eua Contract

Construction Environmental Management Monitoring Report # 2: September 2015

INTRODUCTION

Background to this Document The Nuku’alofa Urban Development Sector Project is co-funded by the Asian Development Bank and the Australian Government (through DFAT), with the support of the Government of Tonga. One of the priorities identified to improve the urban environment in Nuku’alofa is to provide assistance to the Tonga Water Board to upgrade water supply, production, storage and distribution.

As set out in the Tonga Water Board Act 2000, TWB is governed by and functions in accordance with the Act to provide water supply services for domestic, stock, horticultural, industrial, commercial, recreational, environmental and other beneficial uses, in any area in which it may be appointed to do so under this Act. The town of Nuku’alofa is currently served from the Mataki’eua and Tongamai well fields managed by TWB.

The bore field for the urban water supply currently comprises 39 wells with 29 at Mataki’eua and 11 on the Tongamai extension. The current works will provide an additional 12 bores and replace 6 collapsed bores as well convert all remaining diesel pumps to electrical pumps. Ancillary works will include road upgrading and services installation (power and water) as well as the construction of a 4,000m3 reservoir. During the works, soil contaminated with hydro-carbons will be removed, and remediated on site.

Site Values

Site values or qualities which have been identified that require protection at Mataki’eua-Tongamai include:

Groundwater Roadside trees, and trees at the new bore sites

Environmental Issues

In undertaking the Mataki’eua Civil Works Contract the following environmental issues need to be addressed:

Unnecessary removal of mature trees and vegetation during road works and new well siting;

Contamination of the groundwater during the works; Poor construction waste management; Inappropriate sanitary arrangements; Poorly implemented soil remediation works; Dust generation during roadworks; Absence of traffic management during roadworks; Excessive noise from construction plant; and, Non-compliant health and safety measures.

Purpose of this Document

The purpose of this document is to fulfill NUSDP’s monitoring requirements of the Mataki’eua Civil Works Contract – Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan, for the Asian Development Bank.


55

This is the second CEMP monitoring report. The Environment and Social Unit (ESU) of the Project Management Unit will undertake these inspections on a monthly basis for the duration of the contract period.

Circulation of this Document - This report is circulated by the NUDSP PMU to the following: TWB - Saimone Helu (CEO), Quddus Fielea (Engineering Manager TWB) PMU -ESU Team – Peti Veiksos (Urban Planner), Lolo Fotu (Urban Planner) PIAC - Seventeen Toumoua (Engineer to the Contract), Sonia Chirgwin (Waste Management Advisor), Dick Watling (Environmental Advisor) Contractors – Ghao Dong, Zhao Xing (CCECC)


56


57

MATAKI’EUA CIVIL WORKS CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MONITORING REPORT

Date of Inspection: 19 August 2015

Recorder: Dick Watling

Inspection Team: PUMD ESU/NUDSP: EV, SC, KU Contractor: GD Other:

Nature of Inspection: 2nd

Monthly Report

Weather Conditions: Fine & Sunny

Site Condition: Firm – no significant rain in preceding week

Extent of Works: Just starting works – little change in progress since initial inspection undertaken. Drilling has not commenced. Roadworks 20% complete (all clearance complete, but surfacing and grading still underway).

General Comment and Observations:

8. Site inspection was undertaken one month since the initial site investigation, and followed a gathering on site with representatives of TWB, NUDSP (Engineer and staff; consultants); and the contractor;

9. Physical inspection was not undertaken as there has been little physical change since the initial meeting. Drilling works have not commenced, or any further work on the soil remediation. The inspection was based on a discussion of each of the issues, with no further photographs taken;

10. The only change on site is that the road works have further progressed and the geotechnical investigation in the reservoir area has commenced. There has been some difficulty getting access to the grader, with the progress of road works estimated at 20% by the Contractor (although all clearance complete);

11. The contractor‟s CEMP has been completed but at the time of the monthly inspection has yet to be officially submitted and approved by the Engineer. This must be completed as a matter of urgency.

12. Litter dumping is a problem on the project roads near the Tongamai main road junction, especially in the small track just behind Well Site 130. Clearing this is not part of the contractor‟s responsibility, but finding a solution in removing this small dump and some more waste along the other project roads was discussed at the meeting, and the Contractor is willing to assist with removal of waste stockpiles as the roadwork over-burden is cleared and removed off site. The ESU team will discuss with Waste Authority the option of waiving the disposal fee for this illegally dumped waste.

13. Discussion at the meeting also focussed on working with neighbours and the relevant Town Officers to provide information about the schedule of works, as well as creating broader publicity about the works.

14. The grave discovery issue has now been largely resolved, with the determination made to leave the grave in situ, and divert the road around the burial mound. This is still within the lease area. The grave is to be marked and left as is.


58

INSPECTION CHECKLIST

Action/Mitigation Measure

Mitigation Implementation

Impacts Observed/Location Action Required


Date)


Yes/No Effectiveness

(1 to 5)

1. Contractor environmental awareness, inspection and reporting

Aware of environmental management requirements

Has copy of IEE, EMP;

Delivering training and/or awareness to staff (staff induction, tool box meetings)

Daily/weekly inspections

Reporting

Yes

Yes

Yes

Not yet

3 CEMP has been completed, with comments for improvements submitted to the Contractor by DW (PIAC Environmental Specialist). The final CEMP is yet to be officially submitted and approved by the Engineer.

Contractor reports that all staff have now been briefed on the CEMP.

Inspections had not commenced at time of this audit.

Final submission and approval of CEMP (before next inspection on 14

th October)

Contractor recommends that inspections will be undertaken internally, with all issues summarized in monthly report. This will be adequate provided that all issues are discussed with supervising engineer as they arise.

2. Vegetation Management

No vegetation to be removed outside of the road survey area.

No character trees removed from the bore sites without approval of the engineer.

Yes

n/a

4 Existing road, so very few large trees in or near footprint. All land clearing (which was minimal) has been completed. Will dispose of at Tapuhia, unless TWB request soil for re-use on site. As reported in the first audit, no character trees removed and evident avoidance in some places of good sized trees.

3. Groundwater Quality Control

Careful construction around drill sites;

Protocols for safe water well drilling being implemented

No fuel or hazardous chemical storage at the worksite as per CEMP

n/a No works at the drill sites yet.

4. Waste management

Construction waste disposed of correctly to Tapuhia

Waste bins present at site office and work sites

Prior to disposal, store all waste in suitable areas/receptacles to prevent hazards such as fires, attraction to vermin, dissemination of dust, leachate to groundwater

Mobile toilets in use as office site and work site

Yes

No

3

1

One waste bin at the site office. Checked if there are bins / bags in work vehicles. Contractor will check (need to follow this up at next audit).

Contractor installed one temporary toilet. However, in discussion with supervising engineers, it was decided that this was not appropriate in the water catchment area, and that the Contractors would instead use the existing toilet at the TWB workshop.

Contractor to


59



Action Required


Date)


Minimise potential for illegal waste disposal in the roads. No At the site there are a number of instances of illegal dumping along the access roads. Whilst this is not the contractors responsibility (as it was pre-exisitng), it would be good to utilize the equipment on site to remove this material. Also discussed the possibility of getting some signage to warn people not to illegally dump waste in the area (PIAC to discuss with TWB and WAL)

remove waste when removing over-burden and vegetation from road work areas. Contractor to provide PIAC with estimated volume, and arrangements will be made to waive the disposal fees on this waste.

5. Noise Control

Minimise sound generated by civil works by use of appropriate construction design, equipment and materials;

Where possible, program work such that high noise levels occur at times of least impact. I.e. 0700 to 1830 hrs, Monday to Saturday only as no work is allowed on Sunday;

Where necessary and possible, fit plant and equipment with acoustic canopies and/or exhaust suppressors

Yes

4

No plant working at the time of the visit.

6. Dust Control Use water trucks, when required, to wet areas that generate dust;

Restrict construction activities to the minimum possible area;

Stabilise disturbed areas as soon as practicable;

Cover trucks that transport dusty materials;

n/a No dust issues at present. Adequate rain in past week.

7. Contaminated Soil Remediation

Soil remediation being undertaken in accordance with specification

All contaminated or possibly contaminated soil being conveyed to remediation site

Remediation site with secure vegetation bunds preventing leakage of soil

Biosol Green 2000 being used

n/a Soil remediation has been initiated, with one load of soil taken to the site. However, no further works since this initial work in August.

The soil remediation work needs to commence sooner rather than later in the contract in order for their to be enough time for effective bio-remediation to occur.

The vegetation bund is not adequately constructed and a much more robust bund is required. No further improvements have been made since the initial inspection.

A vegetation bund according to specs to be put in place

Discussed with Contractor the need to commence bio-remediation works sooner rather than later.

Contractor to check on procurement of

Issues have been discussed with the contractor and an understanding reached.


60



Action Required


Date)


Biosol not yet being used. Information on Biosol has been sent to the contractor. Discussed procurement of Biosol and the necessity to ensure the product is available when required.

Biosol.

8. General Site Management

Install traffic barriers around work sites;

Provide and maintain adequate warning signs at site boundaries and along excavations;

Provide suitable enclosed storage areas for construction materials and locate away from drainage lines;

Manage all spoil to minimize blockage of drainage lines, dust generation, and to use as back-fill where appropriate;

Minimise waste generated through reduction, reuse and recycling;

Maintain site office and amenities in good condition and keep surrounding areas clean and tidy.

n/a

No

n/a

n/a

yes

1

4

No road signs around road work clearing

Road signs indicating road construction works in progress need to be put in place

Not discussed on site but issue and other health and safety issues raised at the Site Meeting – same day as the Inspection

9. Community Disruption and Health Control

Inform community and local authorities of project plans and schedule and location of proposed works;

Provide appropriate signage and control to ensure safety;

Where appropriate, provide opportunities for local householders (or community members) to be engaged in the construction activities. Particular attention should be given to providing work opportunities for women (as per the NUDSP Gender Action Plan)

No

No

No

1

Discussed at the meeting. Landowners have been informed of the 18 month – 2 year time schedule for the contract works. However, it was agreed that it would be beneficial to provide them with more detailed information about the schedule of works.

Agreed that it would also be beneficial to publicise the works into the broader community. PIAC will discuss with TWB about providing information about the works schedule on their regular radio programme.

One major sign for the project is required and road signs indicating road works needed as above

Effectiveness rating; 1 = non-compliant - corrective actions required; 2 = partial compliance – corrective or alternative actions required; 3 = adequately implementing CEMP measures; 4 = more than adequately implementing CEMP measures; 5 = excellent compliance, incl. measures in addition to CEMP

CORRECTIVE ACTION REGISTER


61

# Corrective Action Required Ref # &

Date (from Engineer)

Actions Implemented Date

Checked

Effectiveness/ Comments

1

A vegetation bund at the remediation site to be constructed according to specs and „guidance notes on remediation‟ currently in draft form.

Official Ref # from the Engineer required

no 16/9

2

Traffic signs need to be put in place during the road works – sufficient would be a sign at all entrance points from main public roads to the works roads. And cones close to the operational area.

no 16/9

3

One large Project Sign to be erected. yes 16/9

Tapuhia -ESU Environmental Monitoring Report

62

PHOTOGRAPHS OF SITE INSPECTION – 20 AUGUST 2015 – 1ST SITE INSPECTION . NO ADDITIONAL

PHOTOS TAKEN IN SEPTEMBER AUDIT DUE TO LACK OF CHANGES

Photo 13: Well Site 216 – very heavily contaminated site

Photo 14: Well Site 131- collapsed bore and used for initial site remediation



Photo 17: Well Site 123 – no visible contamination, but dead grass indicative

Photo 18: Well Site 128 – highly contaminated site

Photo 19: Road footprint clearing – large trees avoided

Photo 20: Soil remediation site


63

Photo 21: Grave discovery site – cordoned off and detour in place

Photo 22: Bones exposed in chance grave find in road footprint

Photo 23: Chance grave find – NUSDP staff, social safeguard specialist, adjacent landowners and Matpule on site.

Photo 24: Litter dumping in side road behind Well Site 130


64

ANNEX D – GENDER TRAINING WORKSHOP PROGRAMME

Asian Development Bank Gender Awareness and Capacity Building Support Workshop

Tuesday, 9th June 2015, from 9:00am to 1pm, at Moulton Hall

Program

Time Activities Responsible Person

9:00am Tea and Coffee All

9:15am Opening Prayer Welcome and official opening

9:20am Overview of Workshop Purpose and Agenda Ms Kate Nethercott Wilson

9:25am What is Gender and Why is gender relevant to ADB assistance for Developing Member Countries? Group Exercise and Presentation on ADB policy on gender mainstreaming in grant/lending operations and GAP requirements

Kate

10:00 Summary of Tonga Gender Policy Presentation on Tonga policy on gender and development (linking to infrastructure)

Women‟s Affairs Division

10:20 Why is gender relevant in urban water and sanitation and energy sectors? Group exercises and presentation Natural Resources, Geology Division, Director: to talk on fresh water resources of Tongatapu, water use, factors freshwater resources and water resources management measures.

Kate Kate Mr Taniela Kula

11:00 Tea break

11:15 Good Practice Examples and Lessons Learned Good practice examples from ADB and elsewhere of gender considerations in urban sector water and sanitation and energy projects Lessons learned from NUDSP Good practice and lessons learned from TPL recruitment of female lines people (presentation) Good practice and lessons learned Fokololo (tertiary training on mechanics)

Kate Ms Monalisa Tukuafu TPL Fokololo

12:15 How to address gender in infrastructure in Tonga Opportunities and challenges for addressing gender in infrastructure programs in Tonga (group exercises, and discussions)

Kate

1:10 Workshop Close

Lunch


65

ANNEX E – GAP WITH NOTES FROM ESU WORKSHOP

Gender Action Plan – Review Notes by ESU June 2015 Green text – Targets are outside of project influence and suggest removing them during the GAP update process

Outputs Activity / Strategy Performance/Target Indicators Recommended Changes to

Performance/Target Indicators

Preparatory Stage : To ensure due consideration of gender issues and analysis in program planning, design and implementation procedures.

Strengthening

women’s

involvement in

urban planning

and decision

making

Hiring of a mid-level female planner

into PUMA for 2 years. (responsible

for reporting against the GAP

throughout the project period).

2012

The position is created, and filled. Planner appointed in PUMA

Planner reporting periodically on progress with GAP

implementation.

Planner established gender focal points (GFP) and coordination with

the Office of Women‟s Affairs, Longafonua, Civil Society Forum of

Tonga and other relevant organizations.

x x

Establish Gender Focal Points in TWB

and WAL.

Undertake capacity building with

Gender Focal Points (in coordination

with Office of Womens Affairs in MIA)

Seek further capacity building

opportunities

Explore establishment of multi-

agency gender group to regularly

meet for networking and discussion

(quarterly)

Providing Gender

and

Social Safeguards

Support to the

PMU and

PUMA

Establishment of GFP in PUMA

involving the networking and

support activities (seminars,

information sharing) of a wide range

of women and men across

government ministries about gender

mainstreaming. At least 40% of

participants are men.

2012-2016

GFP is established in PUMA

GFP has representation from at least 8 departments

GFP consists of at least 40% men

GFP has conducts at least 5 seminars a year with at

least 40% attendance by men

Women comprise at least 30% of the Project Steering

Committee in 2014

x x x x x

As above

Recommend to remove target for

women on Project Steering

Committee (outside of project control

as representation based on positions)

Providing Gender

and

Social Safeguards

Support to the

PMU and

PUMA

Gather baseline sex-disaggregated

data and gender analytical

information for preparatory surveys,

feasibility studies and assessments.

2012

Studies and reports include reference to gender-

disaggregated data and gender analytical information.

Analysis of Complaints received by

WAL and TWB and disaggregate by

gender. Then analyse if there are any

differences in the types of complaints

and issues brought forward by

women.


66

Providing Gender

and

Social Safeguards

Support to the

PMU and

PUMA

Equal participation and consultation

of women affected by and involved

in the project during preparatory

surveys, studies, assessments and

other consultative mechanisms.

2012

Number of women's groups and representatives

consulted during preparatory surveys, studies,

assessments and other consultative mechanisms.

1. Strengthened

policy environment

for delivery of urban

services

Establish National Spatial Planning

Authority advisory committee and

promote the women‟s

representation in it to provide

feedback and advice on all outputs

in GAP.

Facilitate the equal participation

women and men in consultation

meetings.

Provide training on gender equality

to government staff (especially

those who are in charge of the

project) to improve their

understanding about gender

concerns in urban services

(including water supply and waste

management) and increase their

capacity to implement the project‟s

gender action plan.

NSPA advisory committee provides

feedback and advice

2012-2017

At least 40% of the advisory committee are women.

PUMA reports showing % of women involved in the

urban task force

Gender sensitive strategy prepared

At least 30% of facilitators of community groups and/or

MOH delivering campaign seminars are men.

By 2015, women represent 50% of participants at general meetings.

(baseline 2011: limited consultation

and/or participation) providing feedback and suggestions for

improvement.

At least 40% of participants in community seminars are men.

At least 50% of government trainees are men.

X X

If the Advisory Committee is

established through EOI process

(rather than Ministerial

appointment), encourage women to

apply, through initiatives such as

advertisement wording and

workshops to support women

applicants.


67

2.Effective, efficient

and

sustainable water

supply services in

Nuku‟alofa (core

subproject) provided

by TWB; and

3.Sustainable solid

waste services in

Nuku‟alofa (core

subproject provided

by WAL)

Strategy to pro-actively identify and

address ongoing gender concerns

and targeting women as customers

prepared by TWB and WAL (with

assistance of PUMA)

TWB and WAL target women as

individual customers and involve

them in planning, managing and

promoting utility/service use and

conservation.

Design and deliver a program of

community water safety,

conservation and hygiene education

and awareness raising campaign

using appropriate media and

delivered through existing Ministry

of Health campaigns and

facilitators.

Establish targets for female

employment

generation and regulate adherence

to core labor codes.

Facilitate the equal participation

women and men in consultation

meetings.

2012-2014

At least 30% of customers (identified on bill) of TWB and WAL are

women.

Gender sensitive media and support materials are

developed in conjunction with women and men (50:50

mix).

All women‟s groups in Nuku‟alofa are covered by the

campaign.

At least 30% of facilitators of community groups and/or

MOH delivering campaign seminars are men.

By 2015, women represent 50% of participants at

general meetings. (baseline 2011: limited consultation

and/or participation) providing feedback and suggestions for

improvement.

Employment and pay targets for women reviewed through the

payroll statements of the construction and

the beneficiary organizations.

At least 40% of participants in community seminars are men.

At least 50% of government trainees are men.

X

Delete highlighted targets as they

are outside of scope of project

Work with WAL and TWB to

improve recruitment processes so

that women are not excluded (by

practices of direct appointment).

Advertised posts encourage women

and men to apply.

In awareness campaigns under

Clean Green Tonga, test materials

on mixed audiences and ensure

that materials targeting households

are clear and relevant for women


68

4.Other municipal

infrastructure is

upgraded

and well maintained

Provide opportunities for all DP‟s

and women to apply to be trained to

undertake TWB and WAL field and

office positions supported during the

project (truck drivers, garbage

collection, water meter maintenance

and readers, accounting staff etc.)

and recruitment of women and men

participating

Establish targets for female

employment generation and

regulate adherence to core labor

codes.

2012-2014

At least 20% of labor on contracts are women with

specific provisions for equal pay included in the bidding

documents and project covenants.

Employment and pay targets for women reviewed through the

payroll statements of the construction and the beneficiary

organizations.

X

X

For the Sanitation Project, in the

contracts to construct household

sanitation facilities, seek 20% labor

to be women (through contract

documents)

5. Community is

aware of efficient

use of municipal

services

Design and deliver a series of

gender awareness training

workshops for local district and town

leaders, PSC members,

management and staff of relevant

departments and agencies

(including TWB, WAL) and project

area residents at the start of the

project by project staff.

Information campaigns (written

materials, local TV and

newspapers) about the project are

developed that incorporate

messages outlining the benefits and

methods for participation for both

men and women.

Facilitate the equal participation and

consultation of women and men

participating in the program.

2012-2014

Gender inclusive media and support materials are

developed in conjunction with women and men (50:50

mix).

All women‟s groups in Nuku‟alofa are covered by the

campaign.

Perception surveys of project stakeholders show awareness by both

men and women of the benefits of including men and women in

urban infrastructure planning, decision making; sexual harassment,

gender based violence and other problems that may emerge during

project implementation and how to detect, intercept, respond to and

prevent it.

At least 50% of women‟s groups and community associations are

consulted and encouraged to participate in urban planning and

design issues.

Sanitation project to implement

gender training as a component of

awareness on improving sanitation.


69

6.Effective project

management

services

Recruit a project Gender Specialist

or social development specialist

consultant with gender expertise

who can provide guidance for

implementation of the GAP.

Develop the project performance

and management system (PPMS)

to include sex disaggregated data

and information, utilizing the

baseline information collected

during the PPTA and earlier studies

for longitudinal analysis.

Gather baseline sex-disaggregated

data and gender analytical

information as part of any

preparatory surveys, feasibility

studies or assessments.

Develop a feedback mechanism in

which both male and female

beneficiaries have a voice and are

informed of results (through existing

district and women‟s committees).

Proactively encourage and promote

women's employment in the urban

infrastructure sector.

Include responsibility for gender

issues and gender analysis in

Terms of Reference for all

consultants, wherever relevant.

Recruit a female mid-level planner

into PUMA for 2 years of the

project.

2012-2014

Gender Specialist secures proper attention to all gender elements of

project and all project reports cover implementation of the GAP.

Sex-disaggregated data is collected on a regular basis

as part of all surveys and reported on in all reports.

Number of instances where sex-disaggregated data is

discussed at project meeting is at least 30%.

GAP implemented; gender inclusive training materials

developed; and awareness training delivered with sex-

disaggregated attendance records.

At least 30% of newly appointed/hired professional staff are female.

By 2012, a minimum of 20% of mid-level staff and above from

relevant agencies (TWB, WAL, PUMD, Finance) are women.

By 2015, at least 30% of senior urban planning and management

positions are held by women. (Baseline 2011: 0%)

Gender-related substantive content reflected in all PUMD training

materials where appropriate.

All female PUMD staff members participate in relevant capacity

development activities.

Terms of Reference for all consultants include responsibility for

gender issues and gender analysis wherever relevant.

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