environment health and safetymanual- sunborne.ver3

7/29/2019 Environment Health and Safetymanual- Sunborne.ver3

1/72

Social, Environment, Health

and Safety Manual

May, 2012

Prepared for

SunBorne Energy Gujarat One Private Ltd.403, 4th Floor, Unitech Cyber Park,

Sector-39, Gurgaon, Haryana, INDIA

Prepared by

Arbutus Consultants Pvt. Ltd.

J 507-11, West Wing, Mega Center,

Magarpatta, Hadapsar,Pune 411 028, INDIA


2/72

2Detailed Project Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TERMINOLOGY.................................................................................................................................................... 7

1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 9

2. MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITES & COMMITMENT:................................................................................ 10

3. SSEHS POLICY................................................................................................................................................ 11

4. SAFETY ORGANIZATION IN SEGOPL ........................................................................................................... 12

4.1CORPORATE ORGANIZATION CHART ....................................................................................................................... 12

4.2PLANT ORGANIZATION CHART ............................................................................................................................... 12

4.3ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ............................................................................................................................... 12

4.3.1 Safety Committee ....................................................................................................................................... 12

4.3.2 Plant Manager............................................................................................................................................ 13

4.3.3 Supervisor/Foreman .................................................................................................................................. 14

4.3.4 Responsibility of Individuals ...................................................................................................................... 15

5 SAFETY COMMUNICATION............................................................................................................................ 15

5.1NEED FOR COMMUNICATION .................................................................................................................................. 15

5.2SAFETY NOTICE BOARDS........................................................................................................................................ 16

5.3SAFETY POSTERS .................................................................................................................................................. 16

5.4GENERAL DOS AND DONTS ................................................................................................................................... 17

5.5SAFETY CELEBRATIONS......................................................................................................................................... 19

6. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCEDURES............................................................................................... 19

6.1STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................................................................. 19

6.2 AS PER THE FACTORIES ACT 1948,CHAPTER 1,CLAUSE 2(5),(CB)................................................................... 206.3 SAFETY ASPECTS AND REQUIREMENTS TO ACHIEVE SAFE WORKING ENVIRONMENT............................................... 20

6.4QUALIFICATIONS FOR OPERATORS AND MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL .......................................................................... 21

6.5MANDATORY SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AS PER IERULES 1956 AND IS ....................................................................... 22

6.5.1 General....................................................................................................................................................... 22

6.5.2 Earthing...................................................................................................................................................... 23

6.5.3 Lightning Protection .................................................................................................................................. 23

6.5.4 Safe Electrical wiring and Residual protection ......................................................................................... 24

6.5.5 Safety Protection Equipment..................................................................................................................... 24

6.5.6 Good House keeping ................................................................................................................................... 28

6.6SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR OPERATING EQUIPMENT INSTALLED IN THE PLANT............................................................ 28

6.6.1 Log out/Tag out Procedures ...................................................................................................................... 28

6.6.2 Work on live apparatus and mains ........................................................................................................... 31

6.6.3 Pre-arranged shut down ............................................................................................................................ 31

6.6.4 Issue of Permit to work.............................................................................................................................. 31

6.6.5 Special Instructions to Permit Issuing Authority...................................................................................... 32

6.6.6 Special Instructions to Supervisors............................................................................................................ 32

6.7SAFE HANDLING OF EQUIPMENT............................................................................................................................. 33

6.7.1 Equipment in a SPV Plant.......................................................................................................................... 33

6.7.2 Safety precautions in Modules ............................................................................................................ 35


3/72


6.7.3 Safety Precautions for String Connection Box/String Monitor......................................................... 35

6.7.4 Safety Precautions for Inverter.......................................................................................................... 36

6.7.5 Safety precautions for HT Switch gears/Transformers ..................................................................... 36

7. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL................................................................................................. 37

7.1HAZARD IDENTIFICATION...................................................................................................................................... 37

7.2ACCIDENT CONTROL ............................................................................................................................................. 37

7.2.1 Unsafe Acts ................................................................................................................................................. 38

7.2.2 Unsafe conditions ....................................................................................................................................... 38

7.3ACCIDENTS .......................................................................................................................................................... 38

7.3.1 Classifications............................................................................................................................................. 39

7.3.2 Causes of accidents..................................................................................................................................... 39

7.4ACCIDENT REPORTING,RECORDING AND INVESTIGATIONS ....................................................................................... 39

7.4.1 Reporting of accidents other than electrical............................................................................................. 40

7.4.2 Reporting of electrical Accidents ............................................................................................................... 40

7.4.3 Accident Investigation ............................................................................................................................... 41

7.4.4 Action Taken report (ATR) ........................................................................................................................ 41

7.5.FIRE CONTROL..................................................................................................................................................... 41

7.5.1 Fire risk Analysis ........................................................................................................................................ 41

7.5.2 Fire extinguishers ....................................................................................................................................... 42

7.5.3 Open Area Fire Points ................................................................................................................................ 42

7.5.4 Periodic Inspection..................................................................................................................................... 43

8. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AND MOCK DRILLS...................................................................................... 44

8.1EMERGENCY PLANS............................................................................................................................................... 44

8.2SEQUENCE OF ACTION IN EMERGENCIES.................................................................................................................. 44

8.2.1 Fire.............................................................................................................................................................. 45

8.2.3 Electric Shock............................................................................................................................................. 45

8.2.4 Other types of Accidents............................................................................................................................. 45

8.2.5 Technical Emergencies .............................................................................................................................. 45

8.3MOCK DRILLS....................................................................................................................................................... 45

9. SAFETY AUDIT............................................................................................................................................... 46

9.1 OBJECTIVES OF SAFETY AUDIT ......................................................................................................................... 46

9.2SCOPE OF SAFETY AUDIT ....................................................................................................................................... 46

9.3TYPES OF AUDIT ................................................................................................................................................... 47

9.3.1 Routine Inspection- Table below lays down the frequency of inspection/audit in the plant.................. 47

9.3.2 Internal audit............................................................................................................................................. 48

9.3.3 External Audit............................................................................................................................................ 48

10. HEALTH AND HYGIENE PROVISIONS ........................................................................................................ 49

10.1MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS.............................................................................................................................. 49

10.2MEDICAL FACILITIES ........................................................................................................................................... 49

11. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................... 49


4/72


LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Safety Warning Symbol ............................................................................................................................................................ 22


5/72


LIST OF ANNEXURES

Annexure 1 : Safety Policy issued by SEGOPL

Annexure 2 : Corporate Organization Chart

Annexure 3 : Plant Organization ChartAnnexure 4 : Permit to work

Annexure 5 : Application form for pre-arranged shut-downs

Annexure 6 : Telephone Message Standard Form

Annexure 7 : Accident Report Form

Annexure 8 : Fire extinguisher, water type gas cartridge (IS 940)- Maintenance schedule

Annexure 9 : Fire extinguisher, water type stored pressure (IS 6234)- Maintenance schedule

Annexure 10 : Fire extinguisher, foam type mechanical (IS 10204)- Maintenance schedule

Annexure 11 : Fire extinguisher, dry powder type gas cartridge (IS 2171, IS 10658, IS 11833)- Maintenanceschedule

Annexure 12 : Fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide type (IS 2878)- Maintenance schedule

Annexure 13 : The normal recharge periodicity

Annexure 14 : CPR procedure


6/72


Abbreviations

ABBREVIATION EXPANSION

CPR Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

SEHS Environment, Health and Safety

GOS Ground Operated Switch

HT High Tension

HV High Voltage

IE Rules Indian Electricity Rules

IS Indian standards

LV Low Voltage

LT Low Tension

PPE Personal Protection Equipment

SEGOPL SunBorne Energy Gujarat One Private Limited

SPV Solar PhotoVoltaic


7/72


TERMINOLOGY

A DANGER FORESEEN, AN ACCIDENT PREVENTED

The terms used in this manual shall be interpreted in the most commonly accepted sense

consistent with the electrical industry.

a) Authorized person: One who is properly authorized to perform specific duties undercertain conditions or who is carrying out order from competent authority and as defined

under rule 3 of I.E. Rules of 1956.

b) Unauthorized person: One who is not permitted to work on electrical apparatus exceptunder the personal supervision of an authorized person.

c) Dead: 'Dead' means at or about earth potential and disconnected from any live system,provided that the apparatus separated from a live conductor by a spark gap shall not bedeemed to be 'Dead'.

Note: The term 'Dead' is used only with reference to current carrying parts, when these parts are

not alive.

d) Earthi) Earth: 'Earth' means a conducting mass of earth or of any conductor in direct electrical

connection therewith.

ii)'Earthed' means connected to earth in such a manner as it will ensure immediatedischarge of electrical energy without danger at all times.

e) Emergency: 'Emergency' for the purpose of this code means an unusual condition whichexists that endangers life and/or property.

f) Foreman: 'Foreman or supervisor' shall mean Assistant Engineer/Junior Engineer/theauthorized employee directly in charge of workmen doing the work regardless of title.

g) Live: 'Live' means electrically charged.h) Permit issuing Officer: 'Permit issuing Officer' is a person who is authorised for ensuring

that all controlling switches and circuits have been isolated, made dead and inoperative and

that adjacent circuits have been made safe for the work to be carried out and who is

authorized to issue the 'Permit to work'.

i) Permit to work: 'Permit to work' means a form of declaration signed by and given by oneauthorized person to another authorized person in-charge of work to be carried out on or

adjacent to any electrical apparatus, mains or service lines, for the purpose of making

known to such latter person exactly what apparatus, mains or service lines are made dead

and earthed and safe for working.


8/72


j) Protective Equipment: 'Protective Equipment' means devices such as rubber gloves,rubber gauntlets, line hose, rubber boots or other insulating devices, which are especially

designed for the protection of workmen.

k) Low Voltage: Where the normal voltage is not greater than 250 Volts and in nocircumstances exceeds 263 Volts.

l) Medium Voltage: Where the normal voltage exceeds 250 Volts but is not greater than 650Volts and in no circumstances exceeds 683 Volts.

m) High Voltage: Where the normal voltage exceeds 650 Volts but is not greater than 33,000Volts and in no circumstances exceeds 37,125 Volts.

n) Extra High Voltage: Where the voltage exceeds 33,000 Volts under normal conditionssubject to 12.5% variation.


9/72


ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND SAFETY (SEHS) MANUAL

1. INTRODUCTION

The meaning of safety is Freedom from unacceptable risks or Freedom from danger. Safetyin all establishments and installations is a prime requisite, but is often neglected by workers

and operators and ignored by supervisory staff in all installations. The enormous

growth of economy and prevalence of technical equipment working on electricity

need proper attention. Especially in a plant generating electricity this safety assumes greater

significance due to the possible damages that could be caused because of the basic nature of

hazards from electrical equipment. Focus on Safety aspects has become essential in view of

human, social, economic and other considerations. The complex technical equipment in a solar

power plant spread over a large area pose peculiar challenges to the safety of the plant, theoperators and the environment around the plant.

The content in this manual aims is to explain the ways and means to create a safe and healthy

work environment at the premises of 15 MW SPV Plant of SunBorne Energy Gujarat one Private

Limited (SEGOPL) located at village Karmaria in Gujarat, for the protection of all equipment

machinery and personnel involved in operation and maintenance of the SPV Plant. The SEHS

plan is structured for effective implementation of SEHS standards according to

the Factories Act, 1948, Amendment act 1987 as well as other relevant State

and central Acts of Govt. of India.

The purpose of the SEHS Plan is to make all the employees, contractors, consultants, workmen and

any visitor to the SPV Plant aware of minimum safety standards to be adhered to while working or

within the premises of the solar power plant.

The overall objective of the plan is to ensure effective implementation of Company standards

and comply with all statutory provisions related to Environment, Health and Safety (SEHS)

and also to meet specific SEHS requirements


10/72


2. MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITES & COMMITMENT:

It is the prime responsibility of parent company and plant Management to prevent / control

all risks involved in the process of plant operation and maintenance. All Contractors and their

sub-contractors and their staff and workmen must co-operate in implementation of SEHS rules

and regulations mentioned in SEHS plan without any excuse in the interest of safe guarding

Environment health and safety at plant site. It is of contractual responsibility of all

concerned to maintain Plants reputation and to take care of workers safety & welfare as a

social obligation. The basic requirement of plan is to achieve SEHS goals for

successful operation of the SPV plant in the most efficient manner.


11/72


3. SSEHS POLICY

Management of SunBorne Energy Gujarat One Private Ltd is desirous of ensuring the Safety and

Health of its employees and attaches utmost importance to safeguard the employees from

injury, occupational disease and environment. Management shall make every effort to provide

a safe, healthy working environment. The management shall initiate all endeavor to ensure that

the plant, machinery, and electrical equipment are safe for use in compliance with established

safe working procedures and practices.

The company has made it a mandatory requirement that all employees temporary employees

visitors and others must comply with the published SSEHS policy. It is in the best interest of

practices to consider Social, Environment, Health and Safety in every activity. Commitment to

Health and Safety forms an integral part of the organization from management to the workers.

The plant shall be operated in such a way that the Safety and Health of all employees, contractors,

visitors, local residents and Environment, are ensured and they will not be exposed to

unacceptable risks.

The Safety Policy issued by SEGOPL is attached as Annexure 1. SEGOPL shall take steps for wide

publicity of the safety Policy issued in accordance with Gujarat Factory Rules No. 73-L. All

concerned, employees and contracted skilled labour, technicians and visitors shall be made awareof the Safety Policy. Copies shall be displayed in Notice Boards at strategic places for everyone to

see. The policy shall also be displayed in the local language to enable local workers to read and

comprehend.

SEGOPL shall take efforts to impart periodic training through video films on safety to workers for

their better understanding visually.


12/72


4. SAFETY ORGANIZATION IN SEGOPL

4.1 Corporate Organization Chart

The Plant is owned by SunBorne Energy Gujarat One Pvt. Ltd., headquartered at 403, Tower A,

Unitech Cyber Park, Sector 39, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. The broad corporate organization is as

attached at Annexure-2

4.2 Plant Organization Chart

The Plant Head is the Plant Manager who is responsible for the complete plant including its safety.

He shall function as the safety officer of the plant and safety shall be one of his duties. The plant

organization is attached as Annexure 3. To attach by SEGOPL

4.3 Roles and Responsibilities

4.3.1 Safety Committee

A Safety Committee shall be constituted by the corporate Management which shall be headed by a

senior executive. Important points pertaining to formation of committee are as below:

The Corporate Safety Officer shall be the Secretary of this Committee The committee shall have equal representation from management staff and workers. Factory Medical Officer shall also be a member of the safety committee. The tenure of the safety committee members shall be 2 years after which it shall be

reconstituted.

The broad duties of the Committee shall be as below:

The safety committee assists the management in achieving the aims and objectivesoutlined in the Health and Safety Policy of the company.

The safety committee should create awareness amongst all workers. The committee should meet at least once a month for review Committee shall study all safety related events and discuss to find remedies Committee shall carry out a hazard and risk assessment and submit report to

Management


13/72


The committee shall decide upon requirements or improvements from safety point ofview and decide upon the budget planning.

The committee shall carry out health and safety surveys and identify any risks foraccidents.

The safety committee shall deliberate on reports of safety, environment andoccupational health surveys, emergency plans safety audits, risk assessment and

implementation of the recommendations made in the reports.

Committee shall convene immediately after any accident, minor or major to find outthe cause and to implement remedial action.

The committee shall identify the PPE requiredThe Safety Officer shall record the minutes of the meeting and circulate to all. He shall also monitor

the implementation of decisions taken to improve safety and reduce risks within the time frame

laid down. He shall also be responsible for co ordination with all departments for arranging funds,

procurement of PPE, or other equipment for improving safety.

4.3.2 Plant Manager

Clear and specific responsibilities shall be assigned to the executives, supervisors and workers at

various levels. This shall enable a system to be in place for ensuring safety at all times. The Plant

Manager shall play a crucial role in this aspect. His broad duties pertaining safety shall be as below:

Responsible for the overall management of safety, safety planning andorganization in the SPV Plant.

The Plant Manager is the team leader and should be the role model for all staffand employees to follow.

Prepare and instigate safety policy and procedures, delegate responsibilities to otherCompetent persons, then check to ensure that they perform satisfactorily

Fix the roles and responsibilities in writing and ensure they are fulfilled for each staffmember

Attend all safety meetings. Review safety plans and prepare work place risk assessments and initiate steps to remove

such risks.

Carry out informal and formal safety inspections routinely and report findings tothe Management.


14/72


Initiate necessary corrective action if required by obtaining funds from management forrectification.

Educate new contractors to be fully conversant with all safety requirements andimplementation of safe work practices in their operations.

Set a personal example of implementing the Project Safety PolicyPlant Manager should issue detailed responsibilities for his supervisors along these lines.

4.3.3 Supervisor/Foreman

Supervisor/Foreman have the definite responsibility of ensuring the following:

o Safe working condition.o Necessary equipment and its useo Properly maintained tools and equipment.o Properly planned work performed in a safe manner.o Application of the general and special safety instructions by their workmen.o Assignment of employees to jobs, which they are capable of doing safely.o Immediate steps to correct any violation of safety rules observed or reported to them.o Foreman/Supervisor will be held responsible for overseeing that work under them is

done in a safe manner.

Each Foreman/Supervisor shall make certain that his men understandfollowing: - Work to be done.

Hazards that may be encountered. Proper procedure for doing the work safely.

o Frequent periodic inspections of operation and maintenance equipment, work areas,conditions and methods should be made by Foreman / Supervisor as a part of their

routine duty. Such inspections are essential to prevent fires and accidents.


15/72


4.3.4 Responsibility of Individuals

4.3.4.1 Definite responsibility of individuals

o Safety to himself.o Safety to his fellow employees.o Protection to the Public.o Protection to the Organisation property.

4.3.4.2 Employee to read documents

Every employee is expected to study the Safety Manual, familiarise himself with its contents

and apply them to work. Ignorance of Rules and Regulations will result in accidents to himself

and his co-workers. He should adhere to following:

Consult his Foreman or Supervisor whenever in doubt regarding any rules andregulations.

Before attempting any work under conditions that he considers to be unsafe, bringthem to the attention of the person-in-charge of the work and seek his advice.

To report promptly to his foreman or Supervisors any dangerous or improper conditionof equipment he notices.

4.3.4.3 Personal Conduct

Use of intoxicating liquor while on job is strictly prohibited. No employee shall reportfor work while he is under the influence of liquor and no foreman or supervisor shall

knowingly permit a man to go to work while he is under the influence of liquor.

Practical joking and horseplay while on the job is strictly prohibited.

5 SAFETY COMMUNICATION

5.1 Need for communication

Adequate and frequent communication among management and workers is the way to

keep the plant safe and secure at all times. Following communication techniques must

be implemented:

In any factory, a tool box talk system is generally followed. However, this method is notdirectly applicable here, because, there is no manual intervention in production of

electricity. The workers are mainly watch staff to watch over the functioning of

equipment. A weekly interaction with the workers is suggested.


16/72


After any accident an investigation shall be conducted and the findings of the investigationshall be shared and discussed with the workers.

Examples of accidents in similar SPV Plants shall be discussed with workers so that theyunderstand consequences of negligence.

5.2 Safety Notice boards

At prominent places within the plant, safety Notice boards shall be installed and all safety related

notices shall be displayed. Notices shall be more visual, with pictures rather than verbatim.

5.3 Safety Posters

Safety is to be continuously on the mind of everyone. Similar to advertisements Safety Posters and

Safety Slogans should be prominently displayed at places that they continuously strike the eyes of

everyone in the plant. Some slogans are given below:

IGNORANCE OF RULES AND REGULATIONS WILL RESULT IN ACCIDENTS TOYOURSELF AND CO-WORKERS.

STUDY THE USER MANUAL CAREFULLY BEFORE DOING ANYTHING.NO OPERATION OR ACTIVITY IS SO URGENT THAT IT HAS TO BE PERFORMED IN

AN UNSAFE MANNER.

TIME IS IMPORTANT BUT SAFETY IS MORE IMPORTANT


17/72


5.4 General Dos and Donts

The dos and dont with respect to electricity can be made as chart and displayed. Some of the points

to be covered are given below:

ELECTRICITY SAFETY RULES !

Do's

1. DO obey safety instructions given by the person in-charge.

2. DO insulate yourself from earth by standing on rubber mat while attempting to get the

person who is in contact with live line or apparatus.

3. DO remove the casualty from the cause, render first aid and send for doctor or take the

casualty to the nearest hospital.

4. DO break the circuit by opening the power switch and release the victim.

5. DO preach and practice safety at all times.

6. DO eliminate all short-cuts while on duty.

7. DO use correct size and quality of fuses while renewing the blown out fuse.

8. DO turn your face away whenever an arc or flash occurs.

9. DO ensure controlling switches are opened & locked or fuse holders are withdrawn before

working on any electric circuit.

10. DO disconnect the supply immediately in case of fire on or near electrical apparatus.

11. DO keep away inflammables from electrical apparatus.

12. DO report all accidents whether minor or major, fatal or non-fatal, departmental or non-

departmental immediately to the person in-charge.


18/72


ELECTRICITY SAFETY RULES !

Don'ts

1. DO NOT renew a blown fuse until you are satisfied as to the cause and you have rectified

the irregularity.

2. DO NOT disconnect a plug by pulling flexible cable when the switch is on.

3. DO NOT use wire with poor insulation.

4. DO NOT close any Switch/GOS/Breaker unless you are familiar with the circuit, which it controls

and know the reason for its being kept open.

5. DO NOT work on energised circuits without taking extra precautions, such as use of rubber

gloves and gauntlets.

6. DO NOT touch or tamper with any electrical equipment or conductor, unless you have made sure

that it is DEAD AND EARTHED.

7. DO NOT work on the live circuit without the specific orders of the supervisor and make certain

that all safety precautions have been taken.

8. DO NOT disconnect earthing connection or render ineffective the safety gadgets installed on

mains and apparatus.

9. DO NOT open or close switch or fuse slowly or hesitatingly.

10. DO NOT touch an electric circuit when your hands are wet, or bleeding from a cut or an

abrasion.

11. DO NOT use fire extinguisher on electrical equipment unless it is clearly marked for thatpurpose.

12. DO NOT throw water on live electrical equipment in case of fire.

13. DO NOT attempt to disengage a person in contact with a live apparatus, which you cannot

switch-off immediately.

14. DO NOT touch his body, push him with a piece of dry wood.

15. DO NOT discontinue artificial respiration until recovery or death is confirmed by the Doctor.

16. DO NOT allow visitors and unauthorised persons to touch or handle electrical apparatus or

come within the danger zone of HV apparatus.

17. DO NOT test circuit with bare fingers.

18. DO NOT trust luck, but trust safe practices.

19. DO NOT joke, joke begins in fun, and ends in death.

20. DO NOT shorten your life, life is short and precious


19/72


5.5 Safety Celebrations

Safety Quiz etc may be organized on the occasion of celebrating National Safety Day, National Fire

Safety Day and National Environment Day. Workers may be awarded with small gifts publicly as

mark of appreciation

6. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCEDURES

6.1 Statutory Requirements

Clear concise and unambiguous instructions are mandatory requirements to ensure a safety culture

and awareness in the SPV Plant. The instructions must be known to all employees, contractors,

their labourers and visitors as well as anyone concerned with the plant. The safety instructions

should adhere to the statutory stipulations and regulations published by the State and Central

Govts. Some of the applicable laws relevant to Environment, Health and Safety are as below:

The Factories Act 1948, Amendment Act 1947 The Environment Act 1986 Workmens Compensation Act, 1938 Regulation of employment and condition of service Act, 1996 Payment of wages Act, 1936 Minimum wages Act.1948 Employers liability Act, 1938 Industrial dispute Act, 1947 Contractor labour Act, 1970 The Indian Electricity Act 2003 and Indian Electricity Rules 1956

National building Code 2008


20/72


6.2 As per the Factories Act 1948, Chapter 1, Clause 2 (5), (cb)

"Hazardous process" means any process or activity in relation to an industry specified in the First

Schedule where, unless special care is taken, raw materials used therein or the intermediate or

finished products, bye products, wastes or effluents thereof would-

(i) Cause material impairment to the health of the persons engaged in or connected \

therewith,

Or

(ii) Result in the pollution of the general environment:

Analyzing above clause it can be concluded that the end product being electricity at 66000 V,

is a hazardous product and hence, the SPV Plant is categorized as an area of production for

hazardous product. Thus, all relevant rules stipulations of a factory do apply. The safety rulesand procedures thus must bring out these aspects.

6.3 Safety aspects and requirements to achieve safe working environment

This can be broadly categorised as under:

Mandatory Qualifications and Certifications for Operators and Maintenance Personnel Mandatory Safety requirements in accordance with IE Rules 1956 and specific Electrical

safety requirements as per IE Rules and Electricity Act 2003

Safety Precautions for operation/maintenance of equipment installed in the plant. Hazard Identification and preventive measures Prevention of accidents Containment of damage during accidents Fire prevention and protection Fire fighting


21/72


6.4 Qualifications for Operators and maintenance Personnel

The operation and maintenance of such high voltages can be undertaken only by a licensed

contractor possessing a License issued by Govt. of Gujarat. The operators and maintenance

personnel in an electrical supply environment must have following qualifications:

At leastITI qualified electrician and qualified electrician certificate Preferably completed a specialised course conducted in accordance with the syllabus

specified atAppendix IV to Annexure XIV of IE Rules 1956.

Experience in working and handling high level electrical hardware such asTransformers, LT/HT switch gears etc.

The operators and safety personnel should be absolutely familiar with all safetywarning symbols as shown in figure below.


22/72


Figure 1: Safety Warning Symbol

6.5 Mandatory safety requirements as per IE Rules 1956 and IS

6.5.1 GeneralIE Rule No. 29 stipulates that all electric supply lines and apparatus shall be of sufficient ratings for

power, insulation and estimated fault current and of sufficient mechanical strength, for the duty

which they may be required to perform under the environmental conditions of installation, and

shall be constructed, installed, protected, worked and maintained in such a manner as to ensure

safety of 2[human beings, animals and property]. SEGOPL shall ensure following to confirm the

requirement as stated by following steps:


23/72


The current carrying capacity of cables, short circuit currents etc of the cables alreadyinstalled shall be confirmed to be within safe limits

The fuse ratings, protective breakers etc installed shall also be similarly verified for theircapacity.

Confirmation that all materials cables, switches and electrical equipment apparatus usedconfirm to relevant specifications of Bureau of Indian standards wherever laid down (Rule

29(3)). In case any IS standards are not available, equivalent international standards shall be

verified and confirmed.

6.5.2 Earthing

The complete SPV Plant is required to be provided with adequate earthing to minimise earth

resistance, as laid down in IS-3043. Earthing has been provided in the plant. In order to ensure that

the earthing remains effective at all times, following steps shall be taken by SEGOPL:

All earth pits shall be numbered suitably with distinct identification number. Periodic measurement of earth resistance and confirmation within limits(once a quarter at

each pit)

Watering of earth pits once a month or as required based on season (Only for switchyard) Replenishment and improvement to earth pits as necessary when earth resistance increases. Physical verification of condition of GI earth strips once in six months and replace where

necessary.

Record of measured earth resistance shall be kept for review by higher officials and electricalinspectors.

The meggar used for measurement must be with valid calibration certificate while takingmeasurements.

6.5.3 Lightning Protection

Lightning protection has been provided to the plant by installing Early Streamer Lightning

Arrestors 17 Nos. The risk assessment has been carried out by SEGOPL as per IS-2309 and and

adequate number provided. In accordance with IS, the lightning arrestors have been separately

earthed. Following steps shall be taken to contain any damage from lightning:

Earth pits for lightning should be separate and distinct. These pits are not to be connectedwith a grid.

Each earth pit for lightning protection shall be distinctly numbered to identify as the pit forlightning protection.


24/72


Periodic measurement of earth resistance of Down rod and earth pitto be done and recordkept.

In case of high earth resistance, the matter shall be investigated and measures taken tobring the resistance within limits.

The performance check of the lightning arrestor shall be carried out by simulation asrecommended by the manufacturer.

The lightning arrestors shall be replaced just before expiry of their guarantee period.6.5.4 Safe Electrical wiring and Residual protection

The internal wiring in the control rooms, inverter rooms, office and similar rooms have been

carried out in accordance with IS-732. Earth leakage current circuit breakers operated by any earth

leak are mandatory are necessary on the LT side in such areas where human beings frequently

switch on/switch off lights, fans etc. SEGOPL shall ensure that:

Residual current leakage circuit breaker conforming to IS-12640:2000 are provided. Periodic check, at least once a quarter is carried out to confirm that the breaker is

functional.

6.5.5 Safety Protection Equipment

The work on electricity being hazardous, workers are required to wear protective gear. In addition,

the premises where electrical equipment are installed also need to be made shock proof by

providing for such safety equipment and materials as necessary. Following steps should be taken by

SEGOPL:

SEGOPL shall ensure that as per IS-15652:2006 rubber mats of minimum10mmthicknessshall be spread in front of all HT Switching equipment. In addition, periodical inspection of

mats and for replacement of worn out mats shall also be ensured.

All workers shall be issued with PPE before they are sent on any task. The supervisor shallpersonally ensure that they wear it during the work on electrical or other tasks. The

essential PPE for work on electrical and other areas are as listed below:

1. Rubber Gloves, Gauntlets and Rubber Mats2. Safety Belts

3. Leather Protective Gloves

4. Hand lines

5. Ladders

6. Ropes

7. Hand Tools


25/72


6.5.6 Proper Use of PPE

Rubber gauntlets, gloves, mats, boots and galoshes, insulated platforms and stools, safetybelts, hand lines, tower wagons and other special insulated devices shall be used as

required by employees working on electrical apparatus, underground mains and overheadlines in Switch yard as precaution against accidental electric shock.

Pliers and other tools insulated with brittle materials or otherwise liable to have theinsulation damaged when in use, shall not be used.

The Supervisor in charge of the work will be responsible to test and ensure proper use ofthe safety equipment, supplied to the gang of workmen under him and see that it is

maintained at all times in efficient condition and must immediately bring to the notice of

Plant Manger any equipment which is liable to be broken in use, when arrangements will be

made immediately for their replacement.

6.5.7 Inspection of PPE

All safety equipment shall be thoroughly inspected:

(i) Monthly, by the T&P holder/Store keeper

(ii) Quarterly, by the Supervisor

(iii) Once in six months, by the Plant Manager to confirm they are in good condition.

6.5.8 Proper Use of PPE

It is the responsibility of the employee to make use of safety devices properly. Different items

required of is described below:

Rubber gloves and gauntlets- Rubber gloves should not be rough handled as to bedamaged. After the work they should be cleaned, and powdered with French chalk and

stored in a safe place.

Testing rubber gloves and gauntlets- Before using, the gloves should be checked for cuts,weak spots, pin holes, by an Air Test. This is done by rolling the gloves tightly from the

gauntlet end, and noticing if any air escapes. If air leaks the gloves should be discarded. If

the right hand glove is found to be unserviceable the pair itself should be discarded. A left

hand glove should not be used on right hand.


26/72


6.5.9 Care of Rubber Equipment

Rubber equipment should be kept clean and free from oil. They should not be stored near a source

of heat, or exposed unnecessarily to sun's heat. They are best stored in protective containers, and

should not be tied by cords or threads which may cut it.

6.5.10 Use of Rubber Gloves

Rubber gloves should be insisted upon:

When inspecting the Transformer or its H.T. & L.T. leads When connecting wire near a live conductor or equipment. A combination of gloves and hickory rod or fuse pole rods should be used where the

voltage exceeds 5,000 volts.

While opening and closing isolators.6.5.11 Care of safety belts

Safety belt should be properly handled, and periodically treated with oil to prevent itsbecoming hard. Care should be taken to see that sharp tools or edges do not cut dents and

holes in it. Extra holes should not be punched as it weakens the belt. It is best preserved in

a separate case.

6.5.12 Leather Protecting Gloves

Protective leather gloves may be worn over rubber gauntlets when wires are being splicedor when solder or hot compound are being handled when it is necessary for the person to

move about a lot during working, or when line wires are being tied on to insulators or

when any other work is being done which might render the gauntlet liable to tear and

consequent danger to the wearer.

6.5.13 Ladders

Ladders must be of strength to carry double the strain of the heaviest load that would beplaced upon them.

Defective ladders must never be used. A clearance space of not less than 12 must be provided between ladder rungs. A minimum

clearance space of 36/90 cms must be provided in front of ladders where space permits.


27/72


When straight, portable ladders are used on hard surfaces, they must be held or firmlylocked in addition, anti-slip shoes must be used where provided.

Ladders must be kept free from dirt, grease, and paint-spots. Ladders must be stored upon brackets and in sheltered locations. Ladders must not be placed in front of doors opening towards the ladder, or against

window sashes.

Step-ladders must be fully opened before being used. Two ladders must not be spliced together. Employees must face ladders when ascending or descending over them, and must have both hands free. Employees must not slide down or try stunts on ladders. Ladders must be periodically inspected; when found defective, they must be repaired or

disposed off.

Straight, portable ladders must be placed at safe angle about 75 degrees with thehorizontal. In other words, place the foot of a 12'/4 Mts ladder 3'/1 Mts. from the object it

leans against.

6.5.14 Hand Tools

Using hand tools improperly, neglecting to keep them in safe working condition andcarelessly leaving them around where they may endanger persons are frequent causes ofaccidents. Proper tools should always be used for the work.

All tools shall be maintained in good working condition. Burred heads shall be promptlyredressed. Broken, cracked or otherwise damaged handles shall be replaced. All tools with

sharp edges should be kept in sheaths, shields, tool chests or other containers, when not in

actual use.

A screw driver should never be used as a chisel. Screw drivers with full length metal tong orshank through handle must not be used for electrical work. Other tools such as pliers,

wrenches, etc., whether insulated or not insulated shall not be used without rubber gloves

while working near live parts of any voltage.

All files shall be fitted with substantial handle; workmen should keep files cleaned as thisreduces the slipping hazard and prevents skinned hands.

Never use metal tapes, rulers, or cloth tapes with metal strands or wood rulers with metalferrules or joints near energized equipment.

Avoid use of long saws among wires as a short circuit may be caused.


28/72


Belt-tools must be well secured to the belt. Only pliers, hammers, wrench and connectorsshould be carried. All other tools should remain below until needed and then hoisted in bag.

6.5.6 Good House keeping

Good housekeeping is important because workmen may be frequently injured by tripping,stumbling, stepping on or bumping into tools, material and other objects left lying around or by

carelessly placed objects falling from above. To ensure good housekeeping following precautions

should be observed:

Walks, aisles, stairways, fire escapes and all other passage ways shall be kept clear of allobstructions.

Tools and materials should not be placed where they may cause tripping or stumblinghazards or where they may fall and strike any one below.

Puddles of oil and water create a slipping hazard and should be cleaned up promptly. Nails in boards, such as those removed from scaffolds, forms and packing boxes, constitute a

hazard and should be removed. The boards should be carefully stacked or stored.

Dirty and oily waste rags should be disposed off as soon as practicable to avoid fire hazard. Broken light bulbs, glass, metal scrap and other sharp objects should be dumped in places,

provided specially for them.

Discarded fluorescent and other gas filled tubes shall be disposed off safely.6.6 Safety Precautions for operating equipment installed in the plant

The very first step in ensuring safety during operation/maintenance is to institute a proper control

mechanism on who will operate what and in which manner. A system of LOGOUT/TAG OUT (LOTO)

may be introduced. A system of work permit system, the permits must be initiated by working

department and obtain prior permission from Safety Officer. Safety Officer to issue work permit

only after ensuring the required safety measures / precautions are considered by department/

section concerned.

6.6.1 Log out/Tag out ProceduresThe Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) policy outlines the requirements arising out of the necessity of

"Control of Hazardous Energy Sources" standards. The procedure is designed to identify hazardous

energy sources, safe shutdown and start up procedures and isolation and dissipation of hazardous

energy. For the purpose of this policy, "energy source" is defined as, "any source of electricit

pproducing either DC or AC".


29/72


Lockout/tag out procedures are implemented to prevent injuries to humans caused by unexpected

start-up or release of stored energy in electrical switchgears and equipment during repair and

maintenance. This LOTO procedure will insure that the switchgear or electrical equipment are

isolated and locked/tagged out from all potentially hazardous release of electrical energy so that

the employees perform any servicing or maintenance activities are protected from unexpected

energization, start up, or release of stored energy that could be injurious to them.

6.6.1.1 Intent of LOTO policy

The policy aims to ensure that:

Every employee is sufficiently trained to comprehend that the Electrical switchgearequipment is to be attended to only after following the LOTO procedure

Only qualified technicians are allowed to perform any work or operation, in compliancewith OEMs requirements.

No defective, shutdown or maintenance activity is attempted by unqualified personnel.6.6.1.2 Objectives of Lockout/Tag out (LOTO)

To lay down minimum safety requirements for the lockout/tag out of isolating electricalsources/devices by using display tags and ensuring that the lockout and Tag out activity

remains in place as long as the work on the electrical equipment is being performed.

To ensure that all employees are protected from potentially hazardous electrical energysource when performing service or maintenance activities.

There is every possibility of serious injury or fatalities to all employees working with oraround DC or AC Electrical switchgear or equipment. If proper lockout/tag out procedures

are followed, it eliminates the risk of accidental contact with direct or stored electrical

energy when operating or maintaining these equipment. The employee shall obtain specific

instructions from their Plant In-charge/supervisor before proceeding with the work.

The procedure ensures that the technician who fixes the tag on any electrical equipment isthe only one who is empowered to remove it.No lockout/tag out tags may be removed or

cut by a person other than the one who originally installed the Tag, unless removal is

authorized by the appropriate supervisor. The appropriate supervisor shall be the

immediate supervisor of the employee who placed the Tag and performed, or is performing,

the designated work.


30/72


Before the switchgear or equipment is restarted, a thorough safety check is to be performedand ensure that the equipment is functioning properly.

6.6.1.3 Lockout Sequence

It shall be ensured that all employees are aware and religiously follow the procedure as below:

Notify all the Operators/employees that servicing or maintenance is required or under wayon a the switchgear or equipment and it has been shut down and locked out to perform the

servicing or maintenance.

The attending operator should intimate the Plant In-charge before carrying out the Lockoutof the switchgear or the equipment for the purpose of maintenance or repair.

Use the appropriate locks or tags to lock the equipment or display the complete details onthe type of repair or maintenance being performed with start time and complete time along

with the signature of the technician/shift in-charge.

Ensure that all the switches are in switch OFF mode and all the fuses are removed duringthe lockout.

6.6.1.4 Restoration

The restoration procedure to be adopted is as described below:

After all servicing or maintenance operations are complete, verify that no one is exposed orlikely to be affected when the equipment is started.

Check to see that all tools have been removed, and the guards if any have been reinstalled. Notify all affected technicians/employees about the ending of the lockout, and the

impending start-up of the affected electrical switchgear or equipment.

Remove locks or tags. Start the equipment and check that it is working smoothly and satisfactorily and is safe for

the operations.

Notify affected technicians/employees that the servicing or maintenance is completed andthe electrical switchgear or equipment is ready for use.

6.6.1.5 Switchgears and equipments requiring mandatory LOTOProcedure

The following equipment and switch gears shall be covered by the LOTO procedure:

66 KV Isolators in switchyard SF6 Breaker in 66 KV switchyard 11 KV VCB Panels 11/66 KV Control and Relay Panel 11 KV Ring Main Unit (RMU) 0.33 KV LT Panel SMA & Bonfiglioli Inverters SSM of SMA Bonfiglioli String Combiner Boxes.


31/72


6.6.2 Work on live apparatus and mains

a) No employee shall carry out or attempt any work on live apparatus and mains except underauthorisation from the Supervisor on a 'Permit-to-work' form as given atannexure - 4 and

under the direct supervision of an authorised person, termed 'Supervisor'.

b) Where, in the interest of continuity of supply, it is necessary after taking due precautions, towork on live electrical equipment for cleaning and repair work, particularly in Sub-stations,

such work shall be carried out only under the personal supervision of Plant Manager.

6.6.3 Pre-arranged shut down

Except for emergencies, all work for repairs, maintenance and construction on or in close

proximity to live apparatus and mains shall be pre-arranged and programmed. Accordingly,

applications for pre-arranged shut-downs shall be submitted by the Supervisor to the Officer in

charge, in the prescribed form, as atannexure - 5 which when duly approved, will be presented to

the concerned Permit Issuing Officer for switching out the apparatus and issue of 'Permit-to-work'

to commence operations in connection with the work. The duration and nature of work must be

clearly explained to the Permit Issuing Officer before getting a permit.

6.6.4 Issue of Permit to work

Before any work or testing is carried out on live mains and apparatus connected to electrical

system, a 'Permit-to-work' in the prescribed form covering the apparatus and mains to be worked

on or tested must be issued, except in extenuating circumstances such as for the purpose of saving

life or plant in the event of any emergency. In such cases, the action taken be reported to the Plant

Manager/Supervisor without the least delay. Otherwise the following procedure shall be followed:

The staff authorising the work shall issue to the Supervisor necessary authorisation in theprescribed form and this will only become valid after the Permit Issuing Officer, who is

responsible for the power supply to the system, has signed on the form and returned it tothe Supervisor.

The issue of the 'Permit-to-work' form by the Permit Issuing Officer to the authorisedperson, gives the line clear and authority for the Supervisor to proceed with the work. The

Supervisors shall keep in his possession the 'Permit-to-work' form throughout the duration

of the work.


32/72


If, for any reasons, the pre- arranged shutdown work cannot be completed within theperiod applied for, intimation will be given to the Permit Issuing Officer and duration of

permit, extended suitably on the permit Form.

6.6.5 Special Instructions to Permit Issuing AuthorityThe Permit Issuing Authority shall not issue the permit before:-

The switch/circuit breakers/Isolators or switches have been opened and are completelyisolated on both sides; links and fuses opened, apparatus and mains discharged and

earthed, and all adjacent live parts adequately protected. Where possible the

switches/Isolators shall be locked out and keys kept in safe custody. Isolators/switch at

control panels shall also be fixed with 'HOLD', 'LINE CLEAR ISSUED' boards.

HOLD BOARDS and 'MEN ON LINE' boards should be attached to apparatus. An entry is made in the log sheet or Register to the effect that the apparatus and mains

under the permit have been made dead, on no account shall the apparatus and mains again

be made alive until the return by the Supervisor of the 'Permit-to-Work'.

Where Sub-permits are issued by the Supervisors to competent persons working indifferent sections, such Sub-permits should only be accepted for cancellation by the

Supervisor and under no circumstances should the Permit Issuing Office of the original

permit, accept Sub-permit for cancellation.

The Permit Issuing Authority shall, take necessary steps in the circumstances, to ensure thatin the event of any tripping of automatic switch /circuit breaker, when the section is

switched in such switch / circuit breaker shall not be re-closed until the section/apparatus

is thoroughly checked.

6.6.6 Special Instructions to Supervisors

Supervisors will pay special attention to following:

No employee shall be ordered or permitted to carry out any work, other than that for whichhe is competent and trained.

Supervisor shall keep with him a list of such trained work men who are competent in awork and verify before giving work.

Supervisor shall keep with him a complete list of all persons who are detailed to work onthe particular job. All other persons shall be warned to keep away from the area and no one

shall be allowed to enter the area.

This list shall be kept on record for any further reference.


33/72


The Supervisor, before allowing any Workmen to commence work on the lines, mains orapparatus shall:

- Explain to the workmen the nature of work and the precautions taken by the PermitIssuing Officer, to ensure the safety of the workmen and also the precautions to be

taken by them during the whole time, when the work is in progress.

- Satisfy himself that the switch or switches Isolators controlling the mains andapparatus have been isolated, discharged, properly earthed where possible and tested

for pressure with a discharge rod and that caution or Danger Notice have been placed

at conspicuous places.

- Warn the workmen and the public of the danger that exist in the vicinity of the areacovered by the 'Permit-to-work'.

- Create a safety zone by short circuiting together all the conductors and adequatelyearthing on either sides of the place of work.

6.7 Safe Handling of equipment

6.7.1 Equipment in a SPV Plant

The equipment installed in a SPV can be categorised into following:

Electrical equipment Electronic equipment Mechanical equipment

The safety requirements would vary with each type of equipment. These shall be brought out in

succeeding sections in detail.

Photo Voltaic Modules produce DC voltage which can be lethal even in small quantities. This

small quantity is progressively enhanced to very high voltages and MW of power. The

operators must be made aware of the danger of DC electricity through warning sign boards

and symbols as below which he should be able to recognise and understand.

Warning Sign Electric Shock

Prior to deploying them on the work, following shall be ensured:


34/72


The workers are fully trained on Usage and Operation of PV module installed.They are educated and made aware of on the system components to be operated in the

installed system.

Have been trained and educated for basic preventive maintenance of the system.Have been educated with Cautions, Precautions and Informative symbols for Safe operation

and usage of system.

Have been handed over the user manual and informed on the preservation of the same.


35/72


6.7.2 Safety precautions in Modules

Solar PV Modules, Array and system generates potentially lethal High DC Voltage, themoment they are exposed to the Sun. Ensure following instructions are issued to operators.

Charts should be displayed for their constant reminder.

Do not work on modules during heavy windy conditions. Except during cleaning, use opaque material to cover the modules to prevent electricity

generation. Ensure that:

The contacts are disconnected/isolated while working on modules. Avoid any direct contact with the module terminals and wires. Remove all metallic adornments like Wrist Watch, Jewelry, etc., to avoid any lethal

electric shock. Wear protective gloves when working with the terminals. Follow the connection and disconnection sequence of cables as specified during

interconnections.

Modules absorb heat and light and can rise to very high temperatures. Be careful duringhandling.

Modules are made of glass. Injury can occur if they are broken accidentally. Care should beexercised while working on modules.

Use insulated tools, wear goggles, protective clothing and soled rubber shoes. For self safety and for others safety, please read the instructions given in the User Manual

very carefully before any work on the modules.

6.7.3 Safety Precautions for String Connection Box/String Monitor

The safety requirements are similar as they are electrical equipment. Following to be ensured:

These equipment have limited role for operators/maintenance personnel of the plant.There are very limited activities for the User. Read user manual carefully before

undertaking any activity.

These are outdoor equipment and IP protected. Do not open covers without any purpose. Wear gloves and personal protective equipment (PPE) before handling the connections. Use insulated tools.


36/72


6.7.4 Safety Precautions for Inverter

Inverter is in connection with the grid. There can be lethal electric shock even when there is no

generation from the strings. Extreme precautions are to be taken before working on inverters.

Following to be kept in mind by all personnel:

Information for work on inverters should be planned in advance and everyone should beaware.

Only trained persons must be allowed to work on inverters. Wear proper PPE before opening inverter. Inverter to be isolated both from the grid and from the strings by using switches and the

circuit breakers.

Ensure no one is working anywhere before switching on again.6.7.5 Safety precautions for HT Switch gears/Transformers

The maintenance of transformers are covered by IS-10028 and switch gears by IS-10118. Only

qualified and trained personnel are permitted to work on such high voltage equipment. The safety

requirements while dealing with such high voltage equipment have been covered in the Dos

and Donts. However some important aspects are reiterated here:

Permit for work should have been obtained before starting any work. Only qualified person should be allowed. Wear complete PPE before proceeding for work on HV switch gears and transformers. Isolate equipment from both ends before opening or starting work on them. The equipment may be hot. Be careful before touching them.


37/72


7. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL

7.1 Hazard Identification

SEGOPL has conducted a hazard and risk assessment and have identified that safety procedures are

to be instituted to prevent damage that can occur due to following hazards and accidents:

Fire- Possible reasons for fire in SPV Plant may be following: Electric short circuit Sparks occurring due to loose connections Transformer oil spills Dried grass catching fire with thrown cigarettes /beedis by workers Workers lighting up fire during cold winter or for making food/tea

Damage to equipment in the open due to vehicle accident- The plant is spreadover large area and vehicle movements cannot be avoided. Module cleaning needs

water to be carried in large quantities in a tanker. Possibility of vehicle accident

does exist.

Breakage of modules due to tools falling/stones and injury to personnel-Modules could be damaged due to falling tools and splinters may injure workers

Negligence of workers causing injury to themselves and others- Carelessness,ill trained or ignorant workers may cause serious damage to themselves and

equipment.

7.2 Accident Control

Occurrence of any accident or hazard is controllable by following proper safety procedures only.

Safety means proper planning of work, proper usage of safety tools, exercise of good judgment and

intelligent supervision. Experience proves that majority of the accidents are preventable. The

fundamentals of safety are:

Prevention of accidents requires the whole hearted co-operation of all employees of theorganisation. A capable and mentally alert employee will avoid accidents.

A careless man is a liability to the Organisation. He is dangerous to himself, his fellowworkers, the public and the Organisation.

Accidents do not just happen. Accidents are the result of unsafe acts or unsafe conditions ora combination of both.


38/72


7.2.1 Unsafe Acts

Unsafe acts which may cause accidents, include the following:

Opening and Closing of switches without authority or warning, operating and driving truckswithout warning, failure to place warning signs or signals where needed.

Working unsafely such as throwing materials or tools, at another worker, jumping fromvehicles and platforms, or unnecessary haste.

Making safety devices inoperative, either to bypass a faulty device temporarily or for otherreasons to resume supply and, later forgetting to get it replaced

Using unsafe equipment, wrong tools for the job, or using hands instead of hand tools. Working on live electrical equipment without de-energisation that could have been

conveniently be de-energised.

Taking unsafe position or posture too close to opening and lifting while in awkwardposition. (riding on running boards or other unsafe places on vehicles).

Distracting, teasing, practical joking, horseplay, quarrelling or annoying. Failure to use safe clothing or protective equipment such as rubber gloves, helmet.

7.2.2 Unsafe conditions

Unsafe conditions which may result in accidents, include the following:

Unguarded floor openings like cable ducts in control/inverter rooms, and excavations,exposed live circuits.

Improper illumination such as insufficient light or unsuitable location producing glare orobjectionable shadows.

Unsafe design and construction, such as poor scaffolding and structure while working in theSwitch yard.

Climbing on to module structure for repairs7.3 Accidents

One can easily say ACCIDENTS BEGIN, WHERE SAFETY ENDS. An accident may be defined as asudden mishap that interrupts the operation of an activity.


39/72


7.3.1 Classifications

Accidents can be classified as below:

Electrical: Resulting generally from any person or animal coming in contact withlive electrical cable or overhead line

Mechanical: Mechanical injury resulting from an electrical shock, such as personbeing thrown off due to electrical shock sustained.

Non-electrical: Non Electrical injury due to reasons such as fall from a pole,structure, tower or roof trusses, etc., hurt caused while handling heavy machinery,

while driving vehicles, etc.,

Miscellaneous: Other causes such as fires, explosions, etc.,7.3.2 Causes of accidents

Causes of accidents are divided into two categories as under:

Those over which we have limited control, like floods, landslides, earthquakes, fires,lightning and other acts of nature.

Those due to improper or defective equipment and failure to provide adequateprotective devices.

The human elements or 'Human Factor' is by far the greatest cause of seriousaccidents

Statistics prove that more than ninety percent of Industrial accidents are not due to defective

equipment but due to failure on the part of workman and those in authority to observe safety rules

and adopt safety devices for accident prevention. Failure under Human factor can be more clearly

divided into the following classification:

Failure on the part of workmen to observe safety rules made for their protection. Failure on the part of Foremen or others having responsibility over workmen to

properly instruct those under their supervision as to their duties and insistence

upon workmen to observe safety rules

7.4 Accident Reporting, Recording and Investigations

SEGOPL shall institute a streamlined procedure for reporting an accident as laid down in IS-3786-

1983. Accident records are essential aids to the prevention of accidents. They show the type of

accidents most frequently encountered, where they occur and their relative severity. A study of

these records will emphasise common hazards and permits a better understanding of the causes of

accidents and most effective methods of preventing them. It shall be ensured that:


40/72


All accidents, which result in injury or not, shall promptly be reported to the Foreman orSupervisor. Many injury free accidents, which are not reported reoccur with serious

consequences.

Every Accident should be investigated to determine the cause and what steps are needed toprevent recurrence. It shall be the responsibility of the person in charge of the job to get a

complete detailed cause of the accident as soon as possible after its occurrence.

Immediately on occurrence of accident, a telephonic message/e mail shall be sent to Corporate HQ.

The format for message/E mail is attached asAnnexure 6.

7.4.1 Reporting of accidents other than electrical

Supervisor in charge of the plant on duty at the time of accident should ensure following procedure

in case of an accident:

Furnish immediate information to proper authorities on the occasion of every seriousaccident

In the case of death on the spot, the body should not be removed till an enquiry has beenheld.

Fatal accidents to departmental workmen should be reported promptly by the PlantManager to the corporate HQ.

Information should also be immediately furnished to the District Superintendent of Policeand concerned Inspector or Sub-Inspector of Police.

Non-Fatal accidents should also be reported to the Plant Manger and Corporate HQ. In case of electrical accidents information will also be given to the Chief Electrical Inspector.

7.4.2 Reporting of electrical Accidents

Under Section 33 of the Indian Electricity (Amendment) Act, 1992, all electrical accidents

including mechanical injury caused due to electrical shock should be reported by the concerned,

within 24 hours to the Electrical Inspector and in case of death, the notice should be sent by

telegram or telephone confirmed on the same day in writing. The telephone message should be inthe standard form as underAnnexure - 7. Telephone message should also be conveyed to the Plant

Manager and Corporate HQ. Information should be furnished to the District Superintendent of

Police and concerned Inspector or Sub-Inspector of Police.

Failure to comply with the above instructions regarding accidents, electrical or non-

electrical, fatal and non-fatal is an offence punishable under the Indian Electricity Act of

1910 and Workmen's Compensation Act


41/72


7.4.3 Accident Investigation

Accident investigation is a must, whether the accident is minor or major. A proper procedure for

accident investigation as narrated below shall be implemented:

Investigating Officer shall be nominated from other departments. It will not be plantmanager.

Investigating Officer shall record following:: Location of accident Time of accident Full details of person/persons injured Type, nature and extent of injury Causes of injury- electrical, non electrical, fall vehicle, etc.,

Physical condition of floor like water logging, oil spilling, aisle, etc., Weather condition like Dry, Cold, Rainy etc.,

7.4.4 Action Taken report (ATR)

The report of the investigating officer shall be perused by the Corporate safety Officer and also by

the top management. Based on the findings, further action as necessary shall be initiated to prevent

reoccurrence. Some of the remedial measures are as below:

Award of compensation to injured or the family of deceased Award of punishment to the employee who was negligent Repair/replacement of damaged equipment Meeting of the safety Committee and decide future remedial action Educate employees on the history of accident, the cause and precautions necessary in

future.

7.5. Fire Control

Fire accidents in an electrical environment are preventable with adequate protection systems.

However, when fire occurs, it becomes difficult to control. SEGOPL has devised adequate safetymeasures to prevent occurrence of fire. However, necessary remedial fire fighting measures have to

be instituted and workers trained for fire fighting.

7.5.1 Fire risk Analysis

The SPV Plant is well spread out occupying large area. Buildings are single storey, small and

isolated. The risk of fire spreading rapidly to other areas is minimal. Any fire shall be confined to

the location it starts and damage is likely to be localised. In this scenario, there is no need for a


42/72


centralised hydrant based fire fighting system which is basically recommended for multi storied

buildings only. Hence, the fire fighting system shall be based on following concept:

Adequate Number of fire extinguishers placed at strategic points inside buildings

Fire Stands in the open areas, with buckets filled with sand, water, and beater rods Fire and smoke detectors at all control rooms and main control room.

7.5.2 Fire extinguishers

Fire extinguishers are of different types and it is important to choose the right type for right

application. Workers need to be educated accordingly. The application shall be written prominently

on the wall where the fire extinguishers are fixed. Types of fire extinguishers are :

Fire extinguisher, water type gas cartridge (IS 940)- Maintenance schedule is given atAnnexure - 8

Fire extinguisher, water type stored pressure (IS 6234)- Maintenance schedule is given atAnnexure - 9

Fire extinguisher, foam type mechanical (IS 10204)- Maintenance schedule is given atAnnexure - 10

Fire extinguisher, dry powder type gas cartridge (IS 2171, IS 10658, IS 11833)-Maintenance schedule is given atAnnexure - 11

Fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide type (IS 2878)- Maintenance schedule is given atAnnexure - 12

7.5.2.1 Periodic Maintenance/Replacement

Fire extinguishers shall need periodic replacement of their charge as per the manufacturers

recommendations. The normal recharge periodicity is as given atAnnexure 13.

7.5.3 Open Area Fire Points

Fire Points shall be established in open areas as decided by the Safety Committee in the Plant Area.

The fire point shall be as under:

A small plinth shall be made with two supports and a small shed like structure withoutwalls shall be made (similar to a mini cycle shed).

Minimum two buckets with water, two buckets with sand shall be hung from a horizontalrod.

8 feet long steel tube attached with beaters made of steel sheet shall be kept (minimum) 2Nos.


43/72


The fire point shall be painted in red with the words FIRE written in big lettersprominently both in English and local language.

7.5.4 Periodic Inspection

Fire safety inspection check list is an important necessity and to be displayed prominently in theoffice of the Plant Manager. The list shall cover following:

Check Clearance maintained between the spare stocks and electrical fittings, wall, ceiling etc Stocks should be kept such that they are easily removable in case of fire All exit points must be free of any obstructions Extinguishers are kept free of obstructions. They shall be mounted on the walls and easily

reachable height from ground

Check conditions of extinguishers and confirm their functionality. Verify that adequate numbers of spare cartridges of extinguishers are maintained. Quarterly drill on use of extinguishers is conducted for the benefit of workers so that they

know how to operate them.

Verify condition of access roads and there is enough space for a fire engine to travel to allcontrol rooms.

Security patrolling is done properly during night hours. Sufficient quantity of water is maintained in the sump and overhead tank. Ensure that all contractor employees are trained on fire safety. Safety committee meetings discuss about fire safety issues and follow up measures are

taken.

Ensure mock drills are conducted once in six months. Wind socks are in proper condition Emergency lamps are in working condition Emergency numbers are displayed at conspicuous locations and the numbers are updated

periodically.


44/72


8. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AND MOCK DRILLS

8.1 Emergency Plans

The SPV Plant is well spread over a huge area and is beneficial for easy evacuation of personnel.

Following advantages accrue from the peculiarity of the SPV Plant:

Large open space is available for assembly of personnel The area is fenced and open space exist between fence and the plant area. People can

quickly make a getaway in any direction without any hindrance

Any fire occurring in one area cannot easily spread because of lack of continuous medium Fire occurring in one area is likely to be contained in that area.

Not withstanding above advantages, it is necessary to have an emergency management for natural

disasters, accidents and medical emergencies. The emergency plan shall be as under:

Weekly orders to be issued nominating personnel as responsible for specific areas in case ofemergency.

Such nominated personnel shall read and refresh emergency methods, practice use of fireextinguishers

They shall familiarize themselves with all routes and memorise telephone numbers or knowthe place where the numbers are displayed.

The area to assemble in case of fire shall be made known to all. There shall be at least one person in each shift who is trained in treatment of electric shock

and cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

The chart for giving CPR shall be displayed prominently in the control rooms. (CPRprocedure is given atAnnexure 14)

8.2 Sequence of Action in Emergencies

On occurrence of an emergency following sequential action shall be followed by the staff on duty:

Sound the siren in long beeps continuously The designated duty persons to rush to the spot of emergency- fire or accident or electric

shock

Immediately undertake remedial emergency procedure appropriate to the emergency asbelow:


45/72


8.2.1 Fire

Shout fire! Fire! Loudly and rush for fire fighting equipment and try and contain the fire. Immediately switch off the electricity in the adjacent areas as precautionary measure. One person to call fire station, inform plant manager as soon as possible In case fire is major everyone to collect at the designated area and be ready to evacuate. Evacuate any injured person and give first aid. Call for ambulance or evacuate to hospital if

the injury is serious or patient is unconscious

Immediately inform police in case of any death. Do not remove the body unless the body islikely to be burnt.

Make a detailed report subsequently for the record and investigation.8.2.3 Electric Shock

Switch off electricity to the affected equipment and isolate it If not switching off, do not touch the person but, push him with wood. Kick him if you are

wearing rubber shoes.

Start CPR if he is unconscious. Simultaneously call for an ambulance.8.2.4 Other types of Accidents

Other accidents wherein only a single person or few are involved, may be due to falling, vehicle

accident etc. Follow the procedure as below in such cases:

Assess damage. Damage may be contained once the incident is over. Remove injured to hospital. In case of death, call police, plant manager and inform hospital.

8.2.5 Technical Emergencies

There could be situations when the equipment are damaged without any human injury. In such

cases, the plant manager/supervisor should be informed and the maintenance engineers called for

repair/restoration of supply.

8.3 Mock Drills

Mock drills are important to teach the workers about possible accidents and prepare them, so that

they do not panic when a calamity actually strikes them. Mock drills shall be of following types:

Fire fighting practice- At least once a month, a f

environment health and safetymanual- sunborne.ver3

Documents