Brittney Carelock John Patton

OverviewWater-borne Disease Outbreaks (WBDO’s)Toxic cyanobacteria and Fecal Pollution“Hot tub” lung diseaseFitness Facilities

MRSAViruses

Preventive MeasuresConclusion/Recommendations

Water-borne Disease Outbreaks

Water-borne Disease OutbreaksCollaborative Surveillance System

62 WBDOs reported by 26 states

Illness occurred in 2,698 people

The CDC uses for WBDO surveillance data

Toxic cyanobacteria and Fecal Pollution Illnesses associated with exposure to

cyanobacteria

Principal public health concern

Major contributors to recreational water illness

Indicator organisms

Hot tub lung disease

Hot tub lung diseaseWhat is “hot tub lung”?

Biofilm

Glazer Study

Fitness Facilities

Fitness FacilitiesMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

(MRSA)

Viruses

Preventive MeasuresSix “PLEAs” For Healthy Swimming

3 “PLEAs” for All Swimmers Please don’t swim when you have diarrhea. Please don’t swallow pool water Please practice good hygiene.

3 “PLEAs” for Parents of Young Children Please take your children on bathroom breaks or

check diapers often. Please change diapers in a bathroom or diaper-

changing area – not at poolside Please wash your child thoroughly with soap and

water before swimming.Source: www.cdc.gov/healthyswimming

Preventive MeasuresSpaUser Info: Protect yourself from RWIs and Stay HOT!!Heed spa rules for safe and healthy use

Observe limits Exclude children less than 5 years old

Observe and listen to the spa and its surroundings. No odor Smooth spa sides You should hear the pumps and filtration systems Temperature

Talk to spa owners/staff and other spa users Ask questions about health inspector’s grade Chlorine and pH levels

Source: www.cdc.gov/healthyswimming

Conclusion/RecommendationsIndiana Code

More needs to be done

Take precautions but still have fun!

References ABC News. (2005, January 13). Is your Health Club Unhealthy?. Retrieved

July 21, 2008 from http://abcnews.go.com/print?id=410907. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). Six “PLEAs” For Health

Swimming: Protection Against Recreational Water Illnesses (RWIs). Retrieved July 27, 2008 from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyswimming/6_pleas.htm

Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). Spa User Information: Protect Yourself from Recreational Water Illnesses and Stay HOT! Retrieved July 27, 2008 from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyswimming/spa_info.htm

Chorus, I., Falconer, I.R., Salas, H.J., & Bartram J. (2000). Health risks caused by freshwater cyanobacteria in recreational waters. Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews, 3(4), 323-47.

Colford, J.M., Wade, T.J., Schiff, K.C., Wright, C.C., Griffith, J.F., Sandhu, S.K., (2007). Water quality indicators and the risk of illness at beaches with nonpoint sources of fecal contamination. Epidemiology, 18(1), 27-35.

Delude, C.M. (2003). Germs throw cold water on hot tub hygiene. Retrieved July 2, 2008, from Montana State University, Center for Biofilm Engineering Web site: http://www.erc.montana.edu/CBEssentials-SW/recent-media-cov/Delude050603.htm

References Glazer, MD, MSPH, Craig, Martyny, PhD, CIH, John, Rose, MD, MPH, Cecile. (2008).

Hot Tub Associated Granulomatous Lung Disease From Mycobacterial Bioaerosols. Clinical Pulmonary Medicine, 15 (3), 138-144.

Goldhammer, Kirsten A., Dooley, M.D., David P., Ayala, MA, MT, Eleanor, Zera, MT, Wendy, Hill, MT, Bonnie L. (2006). Prospective Study of Bacterial and Viral Contamination of Exercise Equipment. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 16 (1), 34-38.

Gym and spa safety. (2007). Retrieved July 2, 2008, from http://www.germstop.net/cms/CMScategory.asp/sectionid/902

Liang J.L., Dziuban E.J., Craun G.F., Hill V., Moore M.R., Gelting R.J., et al. (2006). Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with drinking water and water not intended for drinking--United States, 2003-2004. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries, 55(12), 31-65.

Middlewood, Erin. (2008). Don’t Sweat Gym Germs. The Columbian, Monday, February 11, 2008. Retrieved June 2, 2008 from http://www.columbian.com/lifeHome/lifeHomeNews/2008/02112008_Dont-sweat-gym-germs.htm.

Schwab, K.J. (2007). Are existing bacterial indicators adequate for determining recreational water illness in waters impacted by nonpoint pollution. Epidemiology, (1), 21-2.

Stewart, I., Webb, P.M., Schluter, P.J., & Shaw, G.R. (2006). Recreational and occupational field exposure to freshwater cyanobacteria--a review of anecdotal and case reports, epidemiological studies and the challenges for epidemiologic assessment. Environmental Health, 5,6.