environmental issues & pollution control measures in power sector
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, ,
EnvironmentalEnvironmental
issues &issues &
Pollution ControlPollution Control
MeasuresMeasures
in Power sectorin Power sector
Tushar Kumar
Sr. Manager ( Envt. Management)Email- [email protected]
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C
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Ranked electrification as the greatest engineeringachievement of the 20th century, ahead ofautomobiles, telecommunications, computers, andeven healthcare in terms of its positive impact onquality of life.
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C
With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, humankinds ability to extractand use energy from nature increased dramatically. Whereas biomass andanimal power fueled the agrarian boom, fossil fuels powered the Industrial
Revolution and the modern societies that grew out of it.
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World Benchmarks- Global Energy System 2000 2020 2050
Population (billion) 6.2 8 10
Primary Energy, Gtoe/yr 10 13 17
Electricity Fraction of primary energy (%) 0.38 0.5 0.7
Electricity Consumption (trillion kWh/yr) 13 28 60
Electricity Generating Capacity (thousands of GW) 3 5 10
Maximum Carbon Emissions (GT per year) 7 8 10
The world is predicted to become more and more dependent on electricity
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, 200010
Coal accounted for nearly half of the increase in global energy use over the past
decade with the bulk of the growth coming from the power sector in emergingeconomies
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C C
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C
Source Human Development Report 2007
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Energy demand driven by GDP, population and higherurbanisation
Indias economy expected to grow by 7-8%
Population expected to touch 1.32 Billion andUrbanisation levels is expected to touch 43% by 2020.
Energy per capita at 510 KwH per capita is low vis--vis aGlobal average of 1818 KwH.
By 2020, Indias energy per capita is expected to touch722 KwH per capita.
Increasing environmental concerns will play a role indetermining the fuel mix.
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Source: World Energy Outlook 2007, IEA
Coal
Gas
2010~32 GW
C
Coal
Gas
Nuclear
HydroRenewable
2017 ~ 75 GW
Coal
Gas
Nuclear
Hydro
Renewable
2032 ~ 128 GW
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C
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A .
&
, &
&
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Air EmissionsSPM,CO2, SO2, NOx
Electricity
Fuel ( Coal, Gas,LDO/HFO)
Air
Aux.Power
RecycledWater
Water
ASH (Coal)
Waste
Lub Oil/ Grease
Ferrous Scraps
Non Ferrous Scraps
Batteries
Bio-Medical Waste
Effluents
Main Plant Eff.
Ash Pond Eff. (Coal)
Domestic Eff. Domestic Waste
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A : , 2, & C2
( )
,
(1), ,
( 1), (1 &2),
, , B,
A B,
350
150
100SPM(m
g/Nm3)
NoLimit
ForSPMEmissionbef:1986
Limit150mg/nm3
(EPAct1986)
Design Criteria(
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A : ,2, & C2
B
C B C
, & B
B
220 200 & 275 500
500
B
A C
2
C C (0.2 0.6 %) 2 5 %
,
.
2 B
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A : , 2, &C2
C
B (500 )
&
( , AC)
C
(A .)
500 68.5%
A .C2 : 78300
2 : 365
: 71
81% C C
C C
B
C2
.
18.7
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Supply Side
Increased use of
Non fossil energy
Improved efficiencyof power system
Nuclear or LNGthermal power generation sources
Hydroelectric, Geothermal,Solar & Wind power
Combined cycle , supercritical,IGCC thermal power plants
Use of Extra High Voltagetransmission systems
Demand Side
Energy Conservation
Regeneration
Energy conservation in industries,households , lighting etc
Development of high efficient energy
saving applications
Concept of energy efficient buildings
Use of Regenerative systems in grid
C2 C
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A A
61 . A A
20 C.
2, , 10, 2.5 & C2
, , , , &
.
AA
C
AA CCB ( A)
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A
Presently ash generated at Coal based plants is
used in
Mine filling
Roads & Railway Embankments
Cement , RCC & HVFAC
Ash based Bricks , Blocks , Tiles etc
Agriculture
Railway Concrete sleepers ( Lab Scale)
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A C
BTPS Ash Pond covered with GreenryArrangement of Water Sprinklers
Green Cover at Ash PondLand reclamation
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CycleofConcentration
LWTP /STPs AT
Dadri, Badarpur, Anta, Auraiya, Singrauli,Rihand, Tanda, Unchahar, Farakka,Kahalgaon, Talcher Super, Talcher Thermal,Ramagundam, Simhadri, Kayamkulam,Vidhyachal, Sipat, Korba, Kawas & Jhanor
Effluent discharged from the above isused for horticulture purposeextensively
AWRS AT
Rihand, Unchahar, Kahalgaon, TalcherThermal,Talcher Super, Ramagundam,Simhadri, Vindhyachal, Sipat, Korba,Singrauli (U/c)
Above provisions at NTPC stations hasresulted in Water recycling upto 85-90%at many stations
PLANT EFFLUENT IS USED FOR HORTICULTURAL PURPOSE.WATER GRID (HDPE PIPELINE) COVERING THE ENTIRE PLANT
AREA IS AVAILABLE FOR THIS PURPOSE
RGCCPPRGCCPP
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Lub Oil , Transformer Oil , GreaseSold to registered recyclers ( registeredwith CPCB/SPCBs)
Ferrous Scrap / Non Ferrous scarp e Auction through MSTC/STC.
Hazardous Waste: Member to TSDF Facilities in states
(AP,Mah,Kerala,Guj,Delhi & UP)
At other plants kept in safe, identified places.
Batteries : Returned under buy back arrangement / obligation Domestic Waste : Efforts are being made to segregate waste at source for
proper disposal.
Bio- Methanation plant : completed at Faridabad & Singrauli & being underprocess of award at Kawas & Dadri.(Consultancy from TERI)
VermiComposting : at most of NTPC Plants Bio-Medical Waste : Disposed off through SPCB approved agencies for Bio-
Medical waste Handling
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NTPC- Committed to
protect Environment forfuture generation
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