ENVIRONMENTAL LAWSAND

POLICIES IN PAKISTAN

ENVIRONMENTA French word “to encircle or surround”

As per Punjab Environmental ProtectionAct, 1997 (amended 2012)Environmentis defined as

• air, water and land;

• all layers of the atmosphere;

• all organic and inorganic matter andliving organisms;

• the ecosystem and ecologicalrelationships;

• buildings, structures, roads, facilities andworks;

Need of Environmental Laws

To overcome adverse environmental impacts, various laws and regulations were made to achieve effective outcome

• Legislation (federal, state, local)

• Regulations (federal, state, local)

• Court decisions (interpreting statutes and regulations)

• Constitutions (United States, state)

• International treaties

• Foreign regulations

THE CONSTITUTION OF PAKISTAN, 1973

Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance 1983

Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency 1983

National Conservation Strategy 1992

Pakistan Environmental Protection Council 1984

National Environmental Quality Standards 1993

Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997

Revised National Environmental Quality Standards 1999

Review of IEE/EIA Regulations. 2000

Self-Monitoring and Record System 2001

Revised National Environmental Quality Standards 2001

National Environmental Action Plan 2001

PEPA 1997 (Amended 2012)

Background of PEPA

Aims and Objectives

Section 12 PEPA 1997(amended 2012)

Continued…….

Continued…….

Continued…….

Continued…….

Continued…….

REVIEW OF IEE AND EIA REGULATIONS, 2000

Projects requiring an IEE

(A)

Agriculture,

Livestock and

Fisheries, etc

i. Poultry, livestock, stud and fish farms with total cost of more than 10

million rupees.

ii. Projects involving repacking, formulation or warehousing of agriculture

products.

(B)

Energy

i. Hydroelectric Power generation less than 50 MW.

ii. Thermal Power generation less than 200 MV.

iii. Transmission Lines less than 11KV, and large distribution projects.

iv. Oil and Gas transmission system.

v. Oil and Gas extraction projects including exploration, production, gathering

system, separation and storage.

vi. Waste-to-energy generation projects.

(C)

Manufacturing &

Processing

i. Ceramics and glass units with total cost of more than 50 million rupees.

ii. Food Processing industries including sugar mills, beverages, milk and

diary products, with total cost of less than 100 million rupees.

iii. Man made fibers and resin projects with total cost less than 100 million

rupees.

iv. Manufacturing of apparel including dying and printing, with total cost of

more than 25 million rupees.

v. Wood products with total cost of more than 25 million rupees.

(D)

Mining & Mineral

Processing

i. Commercial extraction of sand gravel, limestone, clay, sulphur and other

minerals not included in Schedule II with cost of less than 100 million

rupees.

ii. Crushing, grinding and separation processes.

iii. Smelting plants with total cost of 50 million rupees.

(E)

Transport

i. Federal or provincial highways (except maintenance, rehabilitation or

reconstruction of existing mettaled roads) with total cost of less than 50

million rupees.

ii. Ports and harbor development for ships less than 500 gross tons.

(F)

Water Management,

Dams, Irrigation and

Flood Protection

i. Dams and reservoirs with storage volume less than 50 million cubic meters

or surface area less than 08 square kilometers.

ii. Irrigation and drainage projects serving less than 15,000 hectares.

iii. Small scale irrigation system with total cost less than 50 million rupees.

(G)

Water Supply and

Treatment.

i. Water supply schemes and treatment plants with total cost of less than Rs.

25 million rupees.

(H)

Waste Disposal

i. Waste disposal facility for domestic or industrial wastes, with annual

capacity less than 10,000 cubic meters.

(I)

Urban Development

and Tourism.

i. Housing schemes.

ii. Public facilities with significant off-site impacts e.g., hospital wastes.

iii. Urban development projects.

(J)

Other Projects.

i. Any other project for which filing of an IEE is required by the Federal

Agency under sub-regulation (2) of regulation.

Projects requiring an EIA

(A)

Energy

i. Hydroelectric power generation over 50 MW.

ii. Thermal power generation over 200 MW.

iii. Transmission lines (11 KV and above) and grid stations.

iv. Nuclear Power plants.

v. Petroleum refineries.

(B)

Manufacturing and

Processing

i. Cement Plants.

ii. Chemicals projects.

iii. Fertilizers plants.

iv. Food processing industries including sugar mills, beverages, milk

and dairy products with total cost of Rs. 100 Million and above.

v. Industrial Estates (including export processing zones)

vi. Man-made fibers and resin projects with total cost of Rs. 100 Million

and above.

vii. 7. Pesticides (manufacture or formulation).

viii. 8. Petrochemicals complex.

ix. 9. Synthetic resins, plastic and man-made fibers, paper and

paperboard, paper pulping, plastic products, textile (except apparel),

printing and publishing, paints and dyes, oils and fats and vegetable

ghee projects with a total cost more than Rs. 10 Million.

x. 10. Tanning and lather finishing projects.

(C)

Mining and Mineral

Processing.

i. Mining and processing of coal, gold, copper, sulphur and precious

stones.

ii. Mining and processing of major non-ferrous metals, iron and steel

rolling.

iii. Smelting plants with total cost of Rs. 50 Million and above.

(D)

Transport

i. Airports.

ii. Federal or provincial highways (except maintenance, rebuilding or

reconstruction of existing roads) with total cost of Rs.50 million and

above.

iii. Ports and harbors development for ships 500 gross tons and above.

iv. Railway works.

(E)

Water Management,

Dams, Irrigation

and Flood

Protection.

i. Dams and reservoirs with storage volume 50 million cubic meters

and above or surface area of 08 square kilometers and above.

ii. Irrigation and drainage projects serving 15,000 hectares and above.

(F)

Water supply

schemes and

treatment.

i. Water supply schemes and treatment plants with total cost of Rs. 25

million and above.

(G)

Waste Disposal

i. Waste disposal and / or storage of hazardous or toxic wastes

(including land fill sites incineration of hospital toxic waste)

ii. Waste disposal facility for domestic or industrial waste with annual

capacity more than 10,000 cubic meters.

(H)

Urban

development and

tourism

i. Land use studies and urban plans (large cities).

ii. Large scale tourism development projects with total cost more than

Rs. 50 million

(I)

Environmentally

Sensitive Areas.

i. All projects situated in environmentally sensitive areas.

Other Projects requiring an IEE or EIA

Preparation of IEE and EIA

Review Fees

Filing of IEE and EIA

Preliminary scrutiny

Public participation

Continued…

Review

Decision

Conditions of approval.-

Confirmation of compliance

Extension in review period.-

Validity period of approval

Entry and Inspection

Monitoring

Cancellation of approval

Registers of IEE and EIA projects

Other approvals