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SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
VIETNAM ELECTRICITY
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
FRAMEWORK
For
Vietnam Distribution Efficiency Project
April 2012
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ABBREVIATIONS
CIPR Construction Investment Project Report
DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development
DONRE Department of Natural Resource and Environment
DPC District People‟s Committee
EA Environmental Assessment
ECOP Environmental Codes of Practice
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EMF Environmental Management Framework
EMP Environmental Management Plan
EPC Environmental Protection Commitment
EVN Electricity of Vietnam Corporation
MOIT Ministry of Industry and Trade
MONRE Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment
MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
PC Power Corporation
PPC Provincial People‟s Committee
TOR Terms of Reference
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………...…………….…...1
2. CLASSIFICATION OF COMPONENT 1 AND 2 SUBPROJECTS…………...….……….2
3. LEGAL FRAMEWORKS…………………………………………………………………… 3
3.1 Applicable Vietnamese Legislations……………………………………………….…...…….. 3
3.2 World Bank Safeguard Policies…………………………………………………...…..…… .…..4
4. ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING…………………………………………….………… …5
5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES…………….….......... 6
5.1. Potential Impacts …………………………………………………………………… ………..6
5.2. Mitigation Measures ………………………………………………………………. ………...6
6. PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF EMP AND APPROVAL……..…………………..... 7
6.1 Overall Guidance for Developing EMP………………………………………………........ …..7
6.2 Specific Guidance for PCBs Management……………………………………..……......... ……9
6.3 Specific Guidance for Public Consultation and Information Disclosure……….…........... …..10
6.4 Institutional Arrangement for the EA Process……………………………..…..…………. …..11
6.5 Implementation, Supervision, Monitoring, and Reporting………………………...…….…….11
6.6 Stafing Requirements and Capacity Building…………………….……………….…………. .12
6.7 Consultation During EMF Preparation……………………...………………....…………....... 12
6.8 Budget for EMF Implementation……………………………………………………………. 12
ANNEXES
Annex 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist………………………………………… ...13
Annex 2: Environmental Consultation Summary…………………………………… ……………16
Annex 3: Environmental Monitoring Plan………………………………………….. ……………16
Annex 4: Institutional Arrangements for EMP Implementation…………………….. …………...17
Annex 5: Reporting Procedures……………………………………………………… ……………19
Annex 6: Cost Estimate………………………………………………………………. …………...19
Annex 7: Guidance for Preparing EMP for Subprojects…………………………….. ……………20
Annex 8: TOR for Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC)……………………………… ….23
Annex 9: Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP) .. …. ………………………………………...25
1
Environmental Management Framework for
Distribution Efficiency Project
1. INTRODUCTION
The project development objective of the Distribution Efficiency Project is to strengthen reliability,
quality of supply and enhance demand side efficient use of electricity to improve the efficiency of
power distribution and retail supply services of Vietnam‟s Power Corporations (PCs), and reduce
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions..
The project objective would be achieved through: (i) the reinforcement and expansion of the
distribution networks of the 5 PC‟s from 110 kV voltage down to 0.4 kV system; (ii) the introduction
of smart grid technologies focusing on advanced metering systems and automation to improve the
efficiency of distribution services, integrate renewable generation, and implement load response
programs; and (iii) provision of technical assistance and capacity building to PCs, as well as technical
assistance to the Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam (ERAV) in the Ministry of Industry and
Trade (MOIT) to enhance the tariffs and efficiency regulatory framework and the monitoring systems.
The project will comprise three components:
a) Component 1: System Expansion and Reinforcement. This component will cover
construction and reinforcement of 110 kV, medium voltage (MV) and LV networks, including
distribution lines and substations of 110 kV, 35 KV, 22kV, and to 0.4 kV. The investments
under this component will help the PCs to efficiently meet load growth, address load supply
constraints due to distribution system congestion, reduce losses, and improve reliability and
quality of power supply. The project areas would be scattered all over the country.
b) Component 2: Introduction of Smart Grid Technologies in Distribution. This component will
focus on the automation of distribution network operations and introduction of advanced
metering infrastructure systems (AMI) at key substations and electricity consumers of PCs.
The AMI will include tools for the systematic gathering, storing, processing, analyzing and
monitoring of consumption data, as well as two-way communication between the PC control
centers and their customers.
c) Component 3: Technical Assistance and Capacity Building. This component will include
technical assistance and capacity building for the five PCs, and for ERAV to develop and
implement new and enhanced regulations for promoting efficient use of electricity, and
monitoring and communication frameworks.
The three components will be implemented by the five PCs, and Component 3 also by ERAV in
MOIT. To maximize initial impact, Component 2 will start by focusing on key distribution substations
and the larger electricity customers.
The Project is proposed to be Environmental Category B according to World Bank environmental
assessment policy OP/BP 4.01.1 The Project may bring both negative and positive impacts to the
1 For details on the classification of projects, see OP/BP 4.01: Environmental Assessment.
2
Project areas. The negative impacts will occur during pre-construction, construction, and operation.
Most negative impacts will be minor, due to their temporary and/or small-scale nature. The positive
impacts will occur mostly during operation. Positive impacts will likely be significant and positive due
to their long term nature at both the local and regional level.
Siting of substations, access roads, distribution right of way (ROW), towers etc. should follows the
guidance described in Section 4 in order to avoid adverse socio-environmental impacts.
In order to present a more detailed evaluation of the Project‟s negative and positive impacts,
environmental screening should be conducted early in the Project cycle, i.e. soon after the information
become available. Guidance on conducting an environmental screening for the DEP Project is found in
Section 4. If the screening shows that a sub-project may cause adverse impacts on socio-environmental
sensitive areas, then instructions given in Section 4 will be followed. If the screening reveals that
negative impacts are minor, then the sub-project is confirmed to be environmental Category B and the
focus of safeguard work should turn to developing an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).2
Guidance on developing an EMP for Category B for the DEP Project is found in Section 6. Further
guidance on assessment methodologies and common impacts associated with transmission and
distribution projects are found in:
World Bank, 1991. Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, Volume 3; and
IFC, 2007. Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines on Electric Power Transmission and
Distribution.
In addition to the guidance given in the main text of this Framework, this document contains 9 annexes
with examples and forms that can be used as reference for environmental screening and various steps
during the preparation of EMPs for Distribution Efficiency Sub-Projects within Vietnamese contexts.
2. CLASSIFICATION OF COMPONENT 1 AND 2 SUBPROJECTS
The subprojects are classified into groups based on types of investment and construction items. Groups
include: (i) Subproject group of new construction and installation and rehabilitation of 110kV voltage
lines and substations; (ii) Subproject group of new construction and installation and rehabilitation of
medium and low voltage power networks; and (iii) Subproject group of introduction of advanced
metering systems and establishing SCADA systems and remote control facilities.
Most activities of the Component 1 subprojects will involve construction and installation of sub-
transmission and distribution lines, substations including transformers, power towers, poles, and
wiring. Some subprojects under Component 1 may also include access roads, clearance of right of way
(ROW), etc. Component 2 includes installation and adaptation of advanced metering and specialized
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems software and equipment which are not
associated with significant environmental issues.
3. LEGAL FRAMEWORKS
2 If significant negative impacts are identified in the screening process, then an EIA report will be required, following guidance of OP/BP 4.01.
3
3.1. Vietnamese Legislations
The following Vietnamese legislations are applicable to the Project:
Environment Protection Law 52/2005/QH11 passed by the National Assembly dated on November
29, 2005, regulating responsibilities of individuals and organizations regarding environmental
protection.
Law on Forest Development and Protection No. 29/2004/QH11,
Law on Cultural Heritage No. 28/2001/QH10,
The Law on Water resources No. 08/1998/QH10 dated May 20, 1998.
Government Decree N0 80/2006/ND-CP dated August 9, 2006, by Vietnamese Government on
detail regulations and guidance on the implementation of some Articles of the Environment Law.
Decree 29/2011/NÐ-CP dated 18 April 2011 regarding regulations on strategic environmental
assessment, environmental impacts assessment and environmental protection commitments, and
Circular 26/2011/TT-BTNMT dated 18 July 2011 detailing some articles of that Decree.
Decree 106/2005/ND-CP dated August 17, 2005, on detailed regulations and guidance on
implementation of some Articles of the Law on Electricity related to safe protection of high
voltage networks.
Decree 81/2009/ND-CP dated October 12, 2009, on revision and addition of some Articles of
Decree 106/2005/ND-CP on detailed regulations and guidance on implementation of some Articles
of the Law on Electricity related to safe protection of high voltage networks.
Circular 12/2011/TT-BTNMT dated April 14, 2011, regarding the management of hazardous
wastes.
National Technical Regulations: QCVN01:2009/BYT - National technical regulations on quality of
drinking water; QCVN02:2009/BYT - National technical regulations on quality of domestic water;
QCVN08:2008/BTNMT - National technical regulations on quality of surface water;
QCVN09:2008/BTNMT - National technical regulations on quality of groundwater;
QCVN05:2009/BTNMT - Air quality – Standards for ambient air quality; QCVN06:2009/BTNMT
- Air quality – Maximum allowable concentration of hazardous substances in the ambient air.
EVN Guidance 2623/CV-EVN – KHCN&MT, dated 28 May 2007 regarding the management and
pollution prevention and exposure to PCBs.
3.2. World Bank Environmental Safeguard Policies
Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01): Preliminary environmental screening has been carried out
by the World Bank Environmental Team based on the experiences of the other similar projects and the
list of the proposed subprojects furnished to the Bank by PCs. The impacts are likely to be site-
specific, not sensitive or irreversible, and in every case, mitigation measures can be designed and
implemented to reduce the negative impacts. Therefore, the Project has been proposed to be
Environmental Category B.
Due to their similar nature, the Environmental Guidelines of the Rural Distribution Project were
adapted for this project‟s Environmental Management Framework. The lessons learned from
implementation of the Rural Distribution Project and the updated Vietnam environmental regulations
have been taken into count. The Environmental Management Framework (EMF) sets out the
requirements and provides guidance for the preparation of environmental safeguard tools applicable to
4
each subproject. As the subprojects are scattered over 44 provinces of Vietnam and their impacts
would be minor and sub-project specific, it is not proposed to carry out a stand-alone environmental
impact assessment. All Component 1 subprojects will be clearly defined and with safeguard
instruments prepared by the project appraisal. Safeguard documents for Component 2 subprojects will
be prepared in accordance with the guidelines provided in the EMF during project implementation.
Natural Habitats (OP/BP 4.04): Subprojects involve distribution system expansion and upgrading.
Rehabilitation of portions of the existing PC system, distribution lines and substations usually would
be along existing right-of-ways (ROW). System expansion, which involves the construction of new
lines, on the other hand, involves construction activities. The distribution lines or substations are
expected to take place along existing roads. There would be no natural habitats or critical natural
habitats along the existing or proposed works. The subprojects would not cause any significant loss or
degradation of any important natural habitats. Therefore, this policy is not triggered. All possible
efforts shall be made to avoid site selection in sensitive areas, which might cause impacts on natural
habitats. An exclusion list has been developed to exclude any subproject that could have significant
adverse impacts on natural habitats.
Forests (OP/BP 4.36): The project investment activities including distribution lines or substations are
expected to take place along existing roads or power lines and will not involve forests or their
management, protection or utilization. As a result, this policy is not triggered.
Pest Management (OP/BP 4.09): The project will not use herbicides or any other pesticides for right-
of-way vegetation maintenance, or chemical products for wood preservation for poles and associated
wood construction materials. Therefore, this policy is not triggered.
Physical Cultural Resources (OP/BP 4.11): There are not expected to be any impacts on cultural
property as the location of substations and design of the ROW will avoid all objects of known
archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious or cultural significance within the
project area. The policy is, therefore, not triggered. Nevertheless, chance find procedures are included
in the EMF that detail the steps and process that will be undertaken in case where objects of
historical/cultural values are discovered during construction phase.
Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37): No dams involved in this project.
Projects on International Waterways (OP/BP 7.50): This project is not located within international
waterways.
Projects in Disputed Areas (OP/BP 7.60): This project is not located in or near disputed areas.
4. ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING
To avoid adverse environmental impacts which cannot be adequately mitigated by the Project, an
initial screening would be carried out to identify proposed subprojects that may cause serious impacts
which would not be easily mitigated with the project‟s current set of safeguard instruments, and
therefore not eligible for the Project financing. Any proposed subproject that can create significant loss
or damage to physical cultural resources, including sites having archeological (prehistoric),
paleontological, historical, religious, cultural and/or unique natural values will not be eligible for the
Project.
5
The criteria for exclusion of subprojects have been developed with reference to Annex III of Decree
No.29/2011/ND-CP (listing the projects subject to appraisal by MONRE) as detailed below:
i) Subprojects that use land of national parks, natural reserves, nationally protected landscapes,
biosphere conservation sites;
ii) Subprojects that use land of world heritage, archaeological, paleontological, historical,
architectural, religious or cultural significance such as reserved areas recognized by traditional
local communities (e.g. sacred groves), etc; and
iii) Subprojects that cause conversion of natural forests including mangrove forests, watershed
protection forests, waves/wind shield forests, etc;
During the eligibility screening, careful selection of the possible subprojects should be made
considering the above-mentioned criteria. Once the subprojects are selected, the applicable Bank
safeguard policies should be determined for each subproject identified.
The Project Management Unit (PMU) of each PC, or consultants hired by the PMU, carries out
environmental screening, using the Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist shown in Annex 1. For
most of the subprojects, screening should show no significant environmental problems and the sites
are eligible for inclusion in the Project. An EMP can be prepared and this is sufficient for the purpose
of environmental assessment (EA) of the projects (see Section 6).
5. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
5.1. Potential Impacts
The overall impact of the project is positive and includes improved reliability and quality of PCs‟
distribution services (reduced frequency and duration of interruptions in electricity supply caused by
distribution), reduction of PCs losses, and reduction in consumption of targeted electricity consumers.
Potential negative impacts of the project include (i) land acquisition; (ii) tree cutting associated with
construction of substations and distribution lines; (iii) increased levels of dust, noise, and other
emissions from excavation activities, land clearing activities, material stockpiles, heavy equipment,
and truck traffic; (iv) construction site waste generation; (v) rural traffic disturbance and road damage
due to the transportation of building materials and equipment; (vi) soil erosion, sediment, and landslide
risks; (vii) unexploded ordnance risks; (viii) leakage or disposal of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), and fuels; and (ix) health and safety issues for workers and community
during both construction and operation phases.
5.2. Mitigation Measures
Given that most of the key impacts will occur due to small civil works and transportation of
construction/waste materials, many of the potential negative impacts on physical, biological, and
social environment could be mitigated through a set of general measures that are typically applied to
most of construction projects to minimize impacts such as noise, dust, water, waste, etc. As part of the
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the project these general measures have been translated
into a standard environmental specification namely the Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOPs)
(Annex 9) and it will be applied to mitigate typical impacts of small civil works.
6
The ECOP describes typical requirements to be undertaken by the contractors and supervised by the
construction supervision engineer during construction. They have been designed for this project to be
applicable to the range of small to medium sized civil works. The ECOPs will be included as an annex
in the bidding and contract documents during detailed design stage. Scope and content of the ECOPs is
as follows:
Scope: Construction activities for small works governed by these ECOPs are those whose impacts are
of limited extent, temporary and reversible, and readily managed with good construction practices.
The typical mitigation measures have been identified for the following aspects:
– Dust generation
– Air pollution
– Impacts from noise and vibration
– Water pollution
– Drainage and sedimentation control
– Management of stockpiles, quarries, and borrow pits
– Solid waste
– Management of dredged materials
– Disruption of vegetative covers and ecological resources
– Traffic management
– Interruption of utility services
– Restoration of affected areas
– Worker and public safety
– Communication with local communities
– Chance findings
However, there may be site-specific impacts that require site-specific measures both during
construction and operation stages such as site-specific mitigation measures for UXO clearance, for
impacts on irrigation canals, wiring of underground cable, etc. These measures are to be identified and
incorporated into the subproject EMPs.
6. PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF EMP AND APPROVAL PROCESS
6.1 Overall Guidance for Developing the EMP
Considering the nature of the Project, one of the important steps is preparation of an appropriate EMP.
The integration of mitigation and environmental monitoring measures into project implementation and
operation is supported by clearly defining the environmental requirements within the EMP. The EMP
will include a brief description of the subproject; environmental and social background of the
subproject area, including a good map showing locations of the subproject and site specific activities
and/or process as appropriate; the potential impacts and proposed mitigation measures; and the
implementation and monitoring arrangement and budget. Public consultation is to be carried out as
part of the EMP preparation.
At a minimum, the EMP will include the standard ECOP. All site-specific impacts that are either not
covered in the general ECOPs or of an order of magnitude that require mitigation measures not
covered in the ECOPs, are described in more detail in the EMP. Activities to be carried out to mitigate
7
impacts due to land acquisition and resettlement or impacts that relate to ethnic minorities are
presented separately (RP, RPF, EMDP) and these will be carried out and monitored separately. Annex
7 provides a sample content of the EMP as well as technical guidelines for EMP preparation,
consultation and information disclosure.
Subproject activities and associated impacts and mitigation measures are grouped into (i) new
installation and rehabilitation of distribution lines, (ii) new installation and rehabilitation of
substations, and (iii) small construction activities. This would make it easier for identifying alignment
and area impacts and mitigation measures. The table below provides specific occupational health and
safety in working with power lines and electric magnetic field.
Live Power Lines - Prevention and control measures associated with live power lines include: - Only trained and certified workers are allowed to install, maintain, or repair electrical equipment.
- Deactivating and properly grounding live power distribution lines before work is performed on, or in close
proximity, to the lines.
- Ensuring that live-wire work is conducted by trained workers with strict adherence to specific safety and
insulation standards. Qualified or trained employees working on transmission or distribution systems should
be able to achieve the following:
Distinguish live parts from other parts of the electrical system.
Determine the voltage of live parts.
Understand the minimum approach distances outlined for specific live line voltages.
Ensure proper use of special safety equipment and procedures when working near or on exposed
energized parts of an electrical system.
- Workers should not approach an exposed energized or conductive part even if properly trained unless:
The worker is properly insulated from the energized part with gloves or other approved insulation; or,
The energized part is properly insulated from the worker and any other conductive object; or,
The worker is properly isolated and insulated from any other conductive object (live-line work).
- Where maintenance and operation is required within minimum setback distances, specific training, safety
measures, personal safety devices, and other precautions should be defined in a health and safety plan.
(Recommended minimum safety setbacks for workers are as below:
o 2-15 kV: 0.6 m
o 15.1-35kV: 0.71 m
o 72.6-121 kV: 1.01 m
Working at height on poles and structures
Prevention and control measures for working at height include:
- Testing structures for integrity prior to undertaking work.
- Implementation of a fall protection program that includes training in climbing techniques and use of fall
protection measures; inspection, maintenance, and replacement of fall protection equipment; and rescue of
fall-arrested workers, among others;
- Installation of fixtures on tower components to facilitate the use of fall protection systems.
- Safety belts should be of not less than 16 millimeters (mm) two-in-one nylon or material of equivalent
strength. Rope safety belts should be replaced before signs of aging or fraying of fibers become evident.
- When operating power tools at height, workers should use a second (backup) safety strap.
- Signs and other obstructions should be removed from poles or structures prior to undertaking work.
- An approved tool bag should be used for raising or lowering tools or materials to workers on structures.
Electric and magnetic fields (EMF)
Occupational EMF exposure should be prevented or minimized through the preparation and implementation of
8
an EMF safety program including the following components:
- Identification of potential exposure levels in the workplace.
- Training of workers in the identification of occupational EMF levels and hazards.
- Establishment and identification of safety zones to differentiate between work areas with expected elevated
EMF levels compared to those acceptable for public exposure, limiting access to high risk zones.
- Personal exposure monitoring equipment should be set to warn of exposure levels that are below
occupational exposure reference levels (e.g. 50 percent). Action plans to address occupational exposure may
include limiting exposure time through work rotation, increasing the distance between the source and the
worker, when feasible, or the use of shielding materials.
To ensure effective implementation of the EMP, the following actions will be carried out during the
implementation of the Project:
a) During detailed design and preparation of bidding contract documents
- During the detailed design of technical specifications and preparation of bidding and contract
documents, the technical design consultant will incorporate into these bidding and contractual
documents the parts of the ECOPs specific to that contract, as well as the specific measures
identified in the EMP.
- In preparing the bidding and contract documents, make an effort to ensure that the contractors
are aware of the safeguard obligation and commit to comply.
b) During Construction stage
The PMU will assign the Construction Supervising Consultant (CSC) and/or field engineer to be
responsible for supervision of safeguard performance of contractor on a daily basis. A generic Terms
of Reference (TOR) is provided in Annex 8. The CSC and/or field engineers will carry out, but not
limited to, the following tasks:
- Before the commencement of the construction, confirm that all compensation for land and
facilities are provided and relocation and/or land acquisition/donation has been completed.
- Closely supervise the implementation of safeguard measures throughout the construction period.
- Confirm the compliance with the agreed environmental plan and inspect any damages incurred
by the contractor. If necessary, prepare an order to compensate/restore the construction sites as
specified in the contracts. Contractor safeguard performance will be included in the subproject
progress report.
The annexes in this document provide detailed guidelines for preparing some key sections of a typical
EMP:
Annex 1: Rapid environmental assessment checklist
Annex 2: Environmental consultation summary
Annex 3: Environmental monitoring plan
Annex 4: Institutional arrangements for EMP implementation
Annex 5: Reporting procedures
Annex 6: Cost estimate
Annex 7: Guidance for Preparing EMP for Subprojects
Annex 8: TOR for Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC)
9
Annex 9: Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP)
6.2 Specific Guidance for PCBs Management
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) were widely used as a dielectric fluid to provide electrical
insulation, although their use has been largely discontinued due to potential harmful effects on human
health and the environment. Under the DEP project, it is not allowed to use PCBs. However,
rehabilitation works of the Project may involve the replacement of old transformers containing PCBs.
At the time this Framework is prepared, official guidelines on the handling and management of PCB in
Vietnam is not yet available. The EVN Guidance no. 2623/CV-EVN – KHCN&MT, dated 28 May
2007, regarding the management and pollution prevention and exposure to PCBs will be used for the
project.
In no case liquid wastes containing PCBs are allowed to be discharged into water or sewer systems.
All of the equipment being replaced and liquid waste containing PCBs shall be stored in areas that
meet the following requirements:
Adequately roof and walls to prevent rainwater from reaching the stored PCBs.
Adequate flooring made of an impervious material such as cement concrete with a continuous,
6-inch high minimum curbing. The floor and curbing must provide containment volume of at
least two times or 25 percent of the internal volume of the largest PCBs item or container
stored, whichever is greater.
Warning signs shall be placed at storage area to prevent leakage or spillage.
No drain valves, floor drains, expansion joints, sewer lines, or other open areas that would
permit liquids to flow from the curbed area.
Facility should not be located below the 100-year floodwater elevation.
PCBs items and containers in the storage area must be inspected for leaks at least once every 30 days.
Removal of the equipment from the storage is not allowed unless test results confirm that PCB
concentration is below 5 ppm.
The equipment having PCB concentration greater than 5 ppm shall be stored safely until there is
official guidance from EVN regarding safe disposal of such equipment.
In cases where PCB leakage occurs, the following procedures shall be applied:
Any leaking PCBs items must be transferred to non-leaking containers.
Any spills or leaks must be cleaned up immediately using sorbents like sand.
PCBs contaminated area needs to be cleaned by using suitable solvents such as kerosene and
turpentine.
EVN and PCs shall ensure that during the implementation phase, GOV/EVN‟s legal updates on PCBs
handling management shall be timely incorporated into the Project‟s policy and practices.
6.3 Specific Guidance for Public consultation and Information Disclosure
The Bank‟s safeguard policies require the Client/PMUs to facilitate public consultation and
information disclosure. Accordingly, consultation with project affected people (PAPs) and local NGOs
is recommended for Category B projects.
10
During the preparation of EMP document, public consultation must be carried out in a form
convenient to the local people (e.g. survey, meeting, leaflet, signboard etc.) and information on the
main findings of environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures must be provided in the
local language understandable for the majority of the affected people. Records of feedback from public
consultation should be attached to final draft EMP while the main EMP should include a section
summarizing public concerns and suggestions. The EMP should clearly state that environmental
concerns and suggestions for environmental improvement made by the public have been incorporated.
It is required that EMPs include a summary table (see Annex 2) to show the number of meetings, the
place, the number of PAPs attended meetings.
The PCs should confirm with the Bank that copies of draft EMP (in Vietnamese) are displayed at the
subproject area accessible to the public and the time for such disclosure. The PCs should also confirm
the release of EMP for disclosure at the Vietnam Development Information Center (VDIC) in WB
Hanoi office, and in the Info Shop.
6.4 Institutional Arrangements for the EA Process
The responsibility of preparation of the subproject specific EIA/EPC/EMP documents is with the PMU
on behalf of its PC. The PMUs reviews the documents to ensure compliance with National
Environmental Guidelines and the World Bank's relevant Safeguard Policies. Thereafter, the EMP is
forwarded to the World Bank for review and clearance. The PMUs are also responsible for ensuring
close coordination with DPC/DONRE/MONRE during project preparation. PMUs will supervise the
preparation of EIA/EPC report until written approval by relevant environmental management authority is
granted.
Each subproject will be stand-alone, and will therefore require separate review of the safeguards issues
through preparation of EIAs/EPCs/EMPs. By appraisal, the EMPs of the first phase subprojects have
been reviewed by the Bank. Second phase subprojects will have EMPs prepared according to the
guidelines in the EMF, and will be individually appraised by the PMUs and EVN before being accepted
for financing with provisions for random review by the Bank.
The table below presents the environmental clearance process of the DEP project.
Table 1: Environmental Clearance Process
Steps Environmental Clearance Procedure
1 Basic investment report (feasibility study) submitted to PMUs and then to EVN
2 EIA/EPC are prepared by the PCs in accordance with Decree 29/2011/ND-CP dated 18
April 2011 and Circular 26/2011/TT-BTNMT dated 18 July 2011 guiding the
preparation of strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment,
and environmental protection commitment. Public consultation on main findings of
EIA/EPC/EMP is conducted
3 Draft EIA/EPC are submitted to relevant Vietnamese authority for approval
4 Draft EMPs (and where necessary EIA or other documents) are submitted to WB for
comments
5 EMPs are revised taking into the Bank‟s comments
11
6 WB provides clearance and No Objection letter to EMP
7 Disclosure of EMP locally at project sites and at Info Shop in Hanoi or in Washington
6.5. Implementation, Supervision, Monitoring, and Reporting
The overall responsibility for implementation of environmental safeguard policies rests with the PCs
as implementing agencies. EVN is responsible for overall coordinator and monitoring, as well for
training PMUs staff on environment management.
During Project implementation, the PMUs is responsible for its subprojects ensuring effective
implementation of safeguard measures (RAPs, EMDPs, EMPs/ECOP) in close consultation with local
authorities and local communities. The PMU will assign at least one full time staff (as the safeguard
focal point) to be responsible for forging effective implementation of RAP, EMDP, EMP/ECOP of the
subproject. During construction, The PMU will assign the Construction Supervising Consultant (CSC)
and/or field engineer to be responsibility for monitoring and supervision of contractor performance on
a daily basis. The results will be part of the subproject progress report and the safeguard focal point
will be responsible for ensuring proper documentation of safeguard activities.
The Bank will conduct regular safeguard supervision, monitoring, and post review both at the
subproject and Project levels.
6.6 Staffing Requirements and Capacity Building
As overall coordinator, EVN will ensure appointment of a project environmental staff. Together with
consultants, EVN‟s project environmental staff will provide training to the PMU‟s environmental staff
in environmental planning and programming process. Environmental staff will carry out spot-checks
during the course of project implementation to ensure that the procedures set out in this Framework are
being applied.
The project will be implemented by an existing PMU in each PC, which have experienced staff.
Except Hanoi PC Hanoi, the other four PCs have long working experience with the Bank since 1995
including on safeguard issues. As for Hanoi PC, though this is the first Bank‟s project, it has
experiences with projects funded by international donors, including ADB. EVN have experience in
implementation of several projects funded by the Bank and other donors. Additional training will be
provided to the PMU staff for the implementation of World Bank safeguard policies.
6.7 Consultation During EMF Preparation
Two public consultations were carried out in the process of preparing this EMF, one in September
2011 and the other in December 2011. Participants included staff of implementing PCs,
representatives of MoIT, EVN, and local consultants. Consultation with people and households
directly or indirectly affected by the Project, local authorities, central and local state agencies, and
mass organizations will be done at the subproject level. Opinions and concerns provided during the
consultations were taken into account in the preparation and finalization of the EMF.
6.8 Budget for EMF Implementation
The EVN will be responsible for overall coordination of the subproject implementation, including
coordination of safeguards implementation and safeguard training for the subproject staff.
12
The cost for implementation of mitigation measures during construction, including consultation with
local communities, environmental monitoring by contractors, and compensation for damage (if any)
will be part of the subproject construction cost. The cost for supervision of contractor performance will
be part of the subproject supervision cost. The budget for safeguard training of staff will be part of the
project management cost.
13
ANNEX 1 – Environmental Rapid Assessment Checklist
Sub-Project:
Province:
District:
Commune:
Screening Question Yes No Remarks
1. Project's sitting:
Is the Project site adjacent to or within any
of the following environmental sensitive
areas?
- In the case select "yes", describe detailed
information such as: name of historical
property, nature resource, nearest distance from
the sensitive area to the Project site etc.
Cultural heritage site
Protected areas such as National
Parks, Nature Reserves,
Bioconservation areas, bird yards,
mangrove forest etc.
Wetlands
Forests
Estuaries
Buffer zone of Protected areas
Rivers and reservoirs
- Name of main water bodies (rivers), lakes,
reservoirs and nearest distance to the Project
site
Canals and irrigation system - Assess the density of the canal system in the
Project's area
Agricultural land
2. Potential environmental impacts
Will the Project cause:
If select " yes", please describe and briefly
assess impact's level
Encroachment on historical/cultural areas
Encroachment on critical ecosystem (e.g.
sensitive or protected area, national park,
nature reserve etc....)
Disfiguration of landscape and increase
waste generation
Removal of vegetation cover or cut down of
trees resulted from clearance at the sub-
station and along ROW?
Change of surface water quality or water
flows
If select " yes", please list of main reasons
Increase water turbidity due to run-
14
Screening Question Yes No Remarks
off and erosion
Waste water from camping sites is
directly discharged to the surface
water resources or not?
Construction waste is directly
discharged to the surface water or
not?
Increase the dust level? If select " yes", please list of main reasons
Increase noise and/or vibration? If select " yes", please list of main reasons
Permanent land acquisition If select " yes", please list of land area for
permanent acquisition, type of soils, and
purpose of acquisition
Temporary land acquisition If select " yes", please list of land area for
permanent acquisition, type of soils, and
purpose of acquisition, duration of acquisition
Resettlement of households? If yes, how
many households?
Would the resettlement site is
environmentally and/or culturally sensitive
If select “yes” briefly describe the potential
impacts
Is there any risk of disease dissemination
from construction workers to the local
peoples (and vice versa)?
- Estimated number of groups of workers to be
hired for project construction in the
commune/district
Is there any potential for conflict between
construction workers and local peoples (and
vice versa)?
Are explosive and hazardous chemicals used
within the Project?
- If select "yes", please list of these materials
In the past, there was any accident incurred
due to landmines or explosive materials
remaining from the war?
Will Project's construction cause disturbance
to the transportation in the Project's site?
- If select "yes", please assess the impact level:
+ Significant impact
+ Medium impact
+ Minor
Project's construction will cause any damage
to the existing local roads, bridges or other
rural infrastructures?
Will soil excavation during Project's
construction cause soil erosion?
- If select "yes", please assess the impact level:
+ Significant impact
+ Medium impact
+ Minor
Will Project need to open new access roads? - If select "yes", please briefly estimate number
of temporary access roads and their locations
15
Screening Question Yes No Remarks
Will Project cause fragmentation of habitat of
flora and fauna?
- If select "yes", please describe
Will Project cause impact on air quality?
Will Project cause accident risks for workers
and community during construction phase?
Will Project generate hazardous wastes
including PCBs from the replacement of
transformers?
Will Project cause risk to safety and human
health (electric and magnetic fields, electric
shock etc.)?
If select “yes” ", please describe
16
ANNEX 2 - Environmental Consultation Summary
No. Sub-Project Location where
Consultation took
place
Date and
Time
Number of
Participants
List of Local authority
and household
representatives
attended*
Summary of Issues or
concerns discussed/raised
*Attached a separate list of people consulted
ANNEX 3 – Environmental Monitoring Plan
Impacts Parameter to be monitored Where to monitor How is the
parameter to
be monitored
When is the parameter
to be
monitored/frequency
of measurements or
continuous
Cost Responsibility
Construction Phase
I. Effects on
Vegetation
Clearing technique and scope Along ROW Observation Weekly in the first
month, then monthly
Contractors
Supervisor of
PMU Removed vegetation disposal
method
At disposal site
II. Effects on
rural
Traffic
Road surface condition and traffic
density
Quantity, loads and intensity of
project vehicles/construction
plants used
Along transportation
route
Observation,
interview
locals
Weekly when materials
& equipment are
mobilized to the site
intensively, then
monthly
Contractors
Supervisor of
PMU
Community
17
Impacts Parameter to be monitored Where to monitor How is the
parameter to
be monitored
When is the parameter
to be
monitored/frequency
of measurements or
continuous
Cost Responsibility
III. Effects on
runoff,
sedimentati
on and
erosion
Drainages, sedimentation traps
weather condition (season) , level
of vegetation clearance and slope
Within the sub-station
boundary, along ROW
, nearby water sources
and slops within
project areas
Observation During and after heavy
rain
Contractors
Supervisor of
PMU
IV. Air
Pollution
Tightness of truck bottom and
whether sand/soil on trucks are
covered properly
Check the uncovered spoils
Along transportation
route and nearest
house
Observation Before departure of
filled trucks, in hot, dry
and windy days
Contractors
Supervisor of
PMU
V. Noise Noise level generated from
construction plants and activities,
Time of the day when
materials/equipment are unloaded
or construction is going on
nearest house,
community centre
along the route
Listen and
interview
While construction
activities is generating
high noise level /when
there are complaints
Contractors
Supervisor of
PMU
VI. Sanitation Municipal and construction wastes
and disposal method
Drainage, camps and
waste disposal site
Observation Weekly and before
acceptance of works
Contractors
VII. Safety Briefing on workplace safety
regulations, availability of first aid
kits, storage of danger materials,
warning signboards,
At the sub-station,
camps, unfinished pole
foundation, wire
installation along road
Observation,
interview,
check site log
book
Contractors
Operation Phase
1. Electric and
Magnetic Field
Electric and Magnetic Field
Intensity
At house nearest to
ROW
Electro-
magnetic
meter
There are
report/complaints about
noise impacts
PCs
Community
2. Noise Noise level, distance to
complained household
house owned by
complainer
Noise
measurement
instrument
There are complaints PCs
3. Safety Frequency of inspection and
maintenance works
Fire fighting instruments equipped
at the administration
building and within the
sub-station
check log
book, plan,
observation
six-monthly or annually PCs
18
ANNEX 4 – Institutional Arrangements for EMP Implementation
Role Responsibilities Organizati
on Project Owner - Ultimately responsible for overall project management, including
environmental management.
EVN, PCs
Environmental
Officer - Specific responsibility and point of contact for
environmental issues.
PMU
Project Implementation
and management
Agency
- Responsible for coordination and management of overall project implementation, including guiding and supervising implementation
of the EMP.
- Planning and implementation of environmental management
activities during construction
- Coordinating with other parties in relation to
environmental management activities.
- Carrying out internal monitoring and supervising
- Supervising and providing budget for monitoring activities.
- Reporting on environmental information to concerned parties
PMU
Project Operator - Responsible for operation of the project including operation stage environmental management and monitoring activities.
PCs
Consultant - Responsible for preparation of EMP documentation.
Construction
Supervision
consultant
- Responsible for supervision of civil works contractors during
construction, including implementation of environmental
management activities under the EMP
Supervisors of
PMU
Construction
Contractor
Responsible for construction works and following contractor specifications outlined in the EMP. This includes:
- Take actions to mitigate all potential negative impacts in line with the
objective described in the ECOP.
- Actively communicate with local residents and take actions to prevent
disturbance during construction.
- Ensure that at least a staff is assigned to monitor EMP compliance during
the preconstruction and construction periods.
- Ensure all the construction activities having sufficient documents from
the related organization.
- Ensure that all staff and workers understand the procedure and their tasks
in the environmental management program.
- Report to the PMU on any difficulties and their solutions
- Report to local authority and PMU if environmental accidents occur and
coordinate with agencies and keys stakeholders to resolve these issues
Contractor
chosen by
PMU
19
ANNEX 5 – Reporting Procedures
Report Prepared by Submitted to Frequency of Reporting
1 Contractor to the Employer PMU Once before construction
commences and monthly thereafter
2 Construction Supervision consultant PMU Monthly
4 Community Monitoring (if available) PMU If any complains
5 Power Corporation EVN Six-monthly
6 EVN WB Six-monthly
ANNEX 6 – Cost Estimate
Activity Construction Phase Operation Phase
1 Implement Mitigation Measures* The costs are covered in
Contract with Construction
Contractors
The cost is covered in
production cost of the
provincial power service
2 Environmental monitoring during
construction phase by Construction
Supervisor*
3 Capacity Building
Etc.
Total Cost
* Costs of mitigation measures in construction phase and environmental monitoring by construction
supervisors are included in relevant construction/supervision contracts.
20
ANNEX 7 - Guidance for Preparing EMP for Subprojects
This appendix is prepared as a technical guideline to provide the environmental specialists with the
tools to prepare the EMP report for different subprojects that require EMP report for submission to the
World Bank. Public consultation and public disclosure are also required by the World Bank and are
considered mandatory. They must be conducted during preparation of subproject specific EMP and
EIA/EPC (to be submitted to the Vietnamese relevant authorities).
I. Introduction
In the introduction, the consultant should provide a brief description of the objectives of the EMP; the
role of EMP, that is to summarize the environmental mitigation measures proposed in the subproject
EIA process; present monitoring and institutional measures to be considered during project
implementation and operation to avoid or control adverse environmental impacts; and to recommend
actions that are believed to be necessary for implementation of proposed measures. This section should
also provide a description of how it is related to the EMF and the subproject as a whole.
II. Policy, Regulations, and Institutional Frameworks
2.1 GoV’s environmental regulations
Provide a brief description (preferably in bullet form) of GOV regulations related to subproject EIA
and standards that have been applied to the proposed subproject.
2.2 WB’s safeguard policy
List the Bank safeguard policies that have been triggered by the proposed subproject.
III. Project Description
Provide a detailed, but to the point, description of subproject including a location map showing the
location of subproject in relation of the project area as well as details at the subproject level for the
reader who is not familiar with the project to have a better understanding of the subproject. It is
important to recognize that EMP is a stand-alone report and should be self contained.
IV. Environmental Background (Baseline data)
Provide significant information on the environmental background of the subproject as well as its
relation to the main project. Provide clear data on topography, water resources (surface and
groundwater), soil types, water flow direction, water quality, pollution level, vegetative cover, etc. It is
also important to provide a brief description of socioeconomic status in the subproject area and
whether there are any ethnic minorities who might be affected or benefited by the subproject activities.
V. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Using results of the completed safeguard Screening Checklist (Appendix 1) for the sub-project,
identify the potential positive and negative impacts of the subproject on biophysical and social
environment and state the appropriate mitigation measures. The impacts should be identified and
subdivided for pre-construction, construction, and implementation/operation stages. Using a ranking
21
matrix should assist the one preparing the report and the reader to better understand the relationship
and relevance of the impacts and proposed mitigation measures for minimizing/preventing the effects
of subproject activities on the environment.
VI. Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
6.1. Mitigation measure: Describe in some detail the mitigation plan to be implemented. The proposed
EMP should include as a minimum, the mitigation measures to be implemented during different
phases of the subproject development (engineering design, pre-construction, construction and
implementation/operation). Details of relevant ECOP and monitoring should be provided as an annex
to the EMP report or included in the main text. The EMP should also clearly indicate the impacts,
proposed mitigation measures, who will be assigned to implement the proposed mitigation or
monitoring activities and who will be responsible to ensure the proposed mitigation and/monitoring
activities are actually implemented (responsible agency).
6.2. Environmental monitoring: Specify which issues and parameters to be monitored, where and
when and who to carry out the monitoring, frequency of monitoring and related costs. In this Project,
the contractor, construction supervisors, and environmental staff of the PMUs will be the key people
who directly carry out environmental monitoring in construction phase. Community and local
authorities are encouraged to be involved in monitoring activities. Use Annex 3 as reference for
preparing the Environmental Monitoring Plan.
VII. EMP Implementation Arrangement and Training Needs
In this chapter, the responsibilities and the required capacity of the responsible agency to carry out the
EMP activities should be clearly stated.
Responsibility for EMP implementation: Specify the responsibilities of: (i) Contractor / Construction
Supervisors / Local community and authorities; (ii) Power Corporations / DONRE and other relevant
authorities at provincial and district levels / EVN; and (iii) WB. Use Annex 4 as reference for
preparing the institutional arrangements for EMP implementation.
The performance of the tasks within the EMP includes:
o Implementing mitigation measures.
o Monitoring the implementation of mitigation measures in construction phase
o Carrying out environmental inspections.
o Coordinating activities during the implementation of EMP and ensure the cash flow for
operations.
o Organizing/attending training courses, seminar etc.
Capacity Building for EMP Implementation: If current capacity of the institutions identified for
carrying out the EMP related activities or the responsible authority are not adequate for full
implementation of the proposed mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP, the training needs
should be clearly identified and the cost tables for training programs should be provided as well as
implementation schedule and the process to ensure EMP activities are fully integrated into subproject
activities. Propose training course, seminars, topics to be covered, timeframe, trainees and costs.
22
Reporting Procedures: Specify the types of reports to be prepared, who responsible for preparing and
submitting the report, whom to submit to and frequency of reporting. Use Annex 5 as reference for
presenting the information in the EMP.
Cost Estimates: Estimate the costs for (i) implementing major mitigation measures; and (ii) training
activities. Use Annex 6 as reference for presenting the information in the EMP.
Notes: (i) Cost estimate for training activities should also cover venue renting, hiring trainers, training
document and handouts preparation, handouts, travel costs, accommodation if applicable, and per
diems for participants etc; (ii) Total estimated costs for EMP implementation (mitigations, training,
monitoring etc) must be included in the Project Total Estimated Cost prepared by the FS consultant.
VIII. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure
In this chapter, a summary of consultation activities with relation to the EMP at subproject level with
stakeholders and affected people should be provided, preferably in tabular form. The table should also
include a column to indicate the concerns raised, if any, and the responses to address the issues raised.
The dates and locations where the EMP will be disclosed should also be provided in this chapter. It is
recommended that table in Annex 2 is presented in the EMP to summarize the results of public
consultation.
Public Consultation. The WB requires that for project category B at least one consultation with the
local actors, including the community will be carried out. This consultation should provide
information on the following aspects: a) purposes of the project; b) results of the environmental
evaluation; and c) presentation of the complementary studies required in the case that they apply. The
results should be presented in the EMP report. Consultation through a community outreach or relations
program during implementation is considered a good practice to ensure that the potential negative
impacts and concerns are properly addressed during construction and operation of a project. Details on
consultation can be found in the guideline for consultation in investment lending (Consultations in
Investment Lending: Guidance Note, World Bank March 2010). Extensive consultation (many times,
in various forms) with affected population and ethnic minority are required when the activities involve
relocation, land acquisition, and ethnic minority.
Information disclosure. Disclosure of safeguard documents is required throughout the project cycle.
All the RAPs, EMDPs, and EMPs will be made available to the public in the local languages.
Disclosure of information in advance of at least 60 days before construction is considered a good
practice.
Attachments: (i) Maps – drawings; (ii) A copy of environmental certificated issued by local
environmental authority; (iii) Copies of some consultation meeting minutes including a list of people
participating in consultation meeting; (iv) Relevant Pictures and sketches.
23
ANNEX 8 - TOR for Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC)
General
In order to prevent harm and nuisances on local communities, and to minimize the impacts on the
environment during the construction of the civil works under the Distribution Efficiency Project,
Environmental Code of Practices (ECOPs) and subproject EMP (if available) have been prepared and
should be adhered to the Contractors and his employees.
The Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC)) is to provide professional technical services (“the
Services”) to help ensure effective implementation of the ECOP and subproject EMPs.
Scope of Services:
The general services to be provided by the CSC are to inspect, monitor the construction activities to
ensure that mitigation measures adopted in the ECOPs/EMP are properly implemented, and that the
negative environmental impacts of the project are minimized.
On behalf of the PMU, the CSC will conduct the following tasks:
- Conduct regular site inspections;
- Review the status of implementation of environmental protection measures against the EMP and
contract documents;
- Review the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures and project environmental
performance;
- As needed, review the environmental acceptability of the construction methodology (both
temporary and permanent works), relevant design plans and submissions. Where necessary, the
CSC shall seek and recommend the least environmental impact alternative in consultation with the
designer, the Contractor(s), and PMU;
- Verify the investigation results of any non-compliance of the environmental quality performance
and the effectiveness of corrective measures; and
- Provide regular feedback audit results to the contractor‟s Chief Engineer according to the
procedures of non-compliance in the EMP;
- Instruct the Contractor(s) to take remedial actions within a specified timeframe, and carry out
additional monitoring, if required, according to the contractual requirements and procedures in the
event of non-compliances or complaints;
- Instruct the Contractor(s) to take actions to reduce impacts and follow the required EMP
procedures in case of non-compliance / discrepancies identified;
- Instruct the Contractor(s) to stop activities which generate adverse impacts, and/or when the
Contractor(s) fails to implement the EMP requirements / remedial actions.
- For contracts that Site Environmental Management Plan (SEMP) are required, the CSC shall
provide the final review and recommend clearance of all Site Environmental plans which may
affect the environment. These include, but are not limited to: dredging areas, borrow pits and
disposal sites, worker‟s camp plans. The CSC will review and approve the SEMP presented by the
Contractors. Where these plans are found not to comply with the EMP, EIA or RAP, the CSC shall
work with the PMU and Contractor to establish a suitable solution.
24
- Addressing Complaints: Complaints will be received by the Contractor‟s Site Office from local
residents with regard to environmental infractions such as noise, dust, traffic safety, etc. The
Contractor‟s Chief Engineer or his deputy, and the CSC shall be responsible for processing,
addressing or reaching solutions for complaints brought to them. The CSC shall be provided with
a copy of these complaints and shall confirm that they are properly addressed by the Contractors in
the same manner as incidents identified during site inspections.
- Certification for Monthly Payments: The CSC shall confirm the monthly payments for
environmentally related activities implemented by the Contractor.
- Reporting: the CSC shall prepare the following written reports:
o Bi-weekly report of non-compliance issues
o Summary monthly report covering key issues and findings from reviewing and
supervision activities
o At the end of the project the CSC shall prepare a final report summarizing the key
findings from their work, the number of infringements, resolutions, etc. as well as
advice and guidance for how such assignments should be conducted in the future.
25
ANNEX 9:
Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOPs) for the Distribution Efficiency Project
The World Bank Operational Policy (OP) on Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) requires
environmental assessment (EA) of Bank-financed projects to ensure they are environmentally sound
and sustainable. EA is a process of analyzing potential environmental risks and of the identification
and adoption of measures to avoid or mitigate such impacts.
As a part of EA, the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a safeguards instrument that is
typically used in many projects and which consists of information on and guidance for the process of
mitigating and managing adverse environmental impacts throughout project implementation.
Environmental codes of practice (ECOPs) are mitigation measures for generic impacts from project
activities during the construction phase and are intended to be included in the bidding documents as
requirements directed to the construction contractor. ECOPs are not a formally recognized World
Bank safeguards instrument but their use, as part of an EMP, is a convenient and effective way to
ensure that generic and typical construction impacts are adequately mitigated during project
implementation.
If impacts require site-specific mitigation measures that are not adequately covered in these generic
ECOPs, they must be addressed separately in the EMP. These ECOPs also do not cover impacts from
worker camps (assuming they would not generally be needed for small urban works projects), impacts
from large works (bridges, tunnels, big roads). Social impacts caused by involuntary resettlement or
involving ethnic minorities are addressed in other safeguard instruments. The ECOPs cover dredging
operations producing relatively small amounts of sludge, whilst very large amounts or seriously
contaminated sludge would need to be handled through a separate set of procedures outside of the
scope of these ECOPs.
MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES DURING CIVIL WORKS CONSTRUCTION
Construction activities for small works governed by these ECOPS are those whose impacts are of
limited extent, temporary and reversible, and readily managed with good construction practices. The
environmental and social issues covered in this document are:
Dust generation
Air pollution
Impacts from noise and vibration
Water pollution
Drainage and sedimentation control
Management of stockpiles, quarries, and borrow pits
Solid waste
Chemical and hazardous wastes
Disruption of vegetative covers and ecological resources
Traffic management
Interruption of utility services
Restoration of affected areas
26
Worker and public safety
Communication with local communities
Chance findings
VIETNAMESE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
There are a number of Government of Vietnam (GoV) regulations, standards, code of practices, etc.
related to environmental and safety aspects that are relevant to construction activities and
environmental quality. The principal ones related to issues covered by these ECOPs are listed below
(not an exhaustive list):
Vietnamese Environment Standards: including standards on sampling and sample preservation;
analysis methods; standards on quality of air, surface water, groundwater, soils, standards on
emission, waste water, standards on dumps, and standards on incinerators. These include:
(i) QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: National technical regulation on Ambient Air Quality ;
(ii) QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT: National technical regulation on hazardous substances in
ambient air;
(iii) QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT – National technical regulation on quality of surface water
(iv) QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT: Water Quality: National Technical regulation on
underground water quality;
(v) QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT: National technical regulation on domestic wastewater
(vi) QCVN 03:2008/BTNMT: National technical regulation on the allowable limits of
heavy metals in the soils;
(vii) QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT: National Technical Regulation on Noise
(viii) QCVN 27:2010/BTNMT: National technical regulation on vibration
Basics for Safety/Construction: Location of the disposal sites and other use purposes shall be
agreed with the local authorities and all earth works shall comply with:
(i) Law on traffic and transportation No. 23/2008/QH12
(ii) Law on construction No. 16/2003/QH11
(iii) Decree No. 73/2010/ND-CP on administrative penalization security and society issues
(iv) Decree No. 12/2009/ND-CP on management of project
(v) Decree No. 59/ND-CP on management of solid waste
(vi) Decree No. 1338/NĐ-CP on technical guidelines for construction within weak
foundation area
(vii) Decree No. 22/2010/TT-BXD on regulation of construction safety;
(viii) Circular No. 12/2011/TT-BTNMT on management of hazardous substance
(ix) Decision No. 35/2005/QD-BGTVT on inspection of quality, technical safety and
environmental protection;
(x) Instruction No. 02 /2008/CT-BXD on safety and sanitation issues in construction
agencies
(xi) TCVN 5308-91: Technical regulation on safety in construction
(xii) TCVN 4447:1987: Earth works-Codes for construction
27
(xiii) Air, noise, and vibration control requirements stipulated in the TCVN4087: 1985-(Use
of building plants-General requirements);
Chance find procedure
(i) Law on Cultural Heritage (2002)
(ii) Law on Cultural Heritage (2009) for supplementary and reformation
(iii) Decree No. 98/2010/ND-CP for supplementary and reformation
MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
Non-compliance by the contractor could result in suspension of works, financial penalties, or other
penalties, as must be clearly spelled out in the EMP and in the contract.
Contractors are responsible for implementation of ECOPs. The responsibilities for monitoring ECOPs
implementation are typically shared between the contractor, the PMU, and the Construction
Supervision Consultant (CSC). The Contractor‟s Work Plan should incorporate the guidelines
provided in these ECOPs as well as the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) created for the sub-
project. The designated Technical Officer(s) and Safeguards Officer(s) of the PMUs are responsible
for supervising the adherence to the agreed EMP by the selected contractor(s). The World Bank may
periodically supervise implementation activities of Bank-financed projects.
At a minimum, the contractor should prepare a monthly report on adherence to ECOPs which should
be submitted to the CSC and to the PMU. Project-specific or contract-specific reporting requirements
are described in the EMP. CSC is responsible for monitoring overall environmental performance of the
project and submit to PMUs quarterly monitoring reports.
28
ENVIRONMENTAL CODES OF PRACTICE (ECOPs)
ENVIRONMEN
TAL – SOCIAL
ISSUES
MITIGATION MEASURE VIETNAM
CODE/REGULATION
1. Dust
generation The Contractor is responsible for compliance with relevant Vietnamese legislation with respect to
ambient air quality.
The Contractor shall implement dust suppression measures (e.g. water spray vehicles, covering of
material stockpiles, etc.) as required;
Construction vehicles shall comply with speed limits and haul distances shall be minimized.
Material loads shall be suitably covered and secured during transportation to prevent the scattering of
soil, sand, materials or dust.
The Contractor shall be responsible for any clean-up resulting from the failure by his employees or
suppliers to property secure transported materials.
Exposed soil and material stockpiles shall be protected against wind erosion and the location of
stockpiles shall take into consideration the prevailing wind directions and locations of sensitive
receptors.
Dust masks should be used where dust levels are excessive.
- QCVN 05:
2009/BTNMT: National
technical regulation on
ambient air quality
2. Air
pollution All vehicles must comply with Vietnamese regulations controlling allowable emission limits of
exhaust gases.
Vehicles in Vietnam must undergo a regular emissions check and get certified named: “Certificate of
conformity from inspection of quality, technical safety and environmental protection” following
Decision No. 35/2005/QD-BGTVT.
There should be no burning of waste or construction materials or cleared vegetation on site.
Cement processing plants should be far from residential areas.
- TCVN 6438-2005: Road
vehicles Maximum
permitted emission limits
of exhaust gas.
- No. 35/2005/QD-
BGTVT on inspection of
quality, technical safety
and environmental
protection;
- QCVN
05:2009/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on ambient air
29
ENVIRONMEN
TAL – SOCIAL
ISSUES
MITIGATION MEASURE VIETNAM
CODE/REGULATION
quality
3. Impacts
from noise
and
vibration
The contractor is responsible for compliance with the relevant Vietnamese legislation with respect to
noise and vibration.
All vehicles must have appropriate “Certificate of conformity from inspection of quality, technical
safety and environmental protection” following Decision No. 35/2005/QD-BGTVT; to avoid
exceeding noise emission from poorly maintained machines.
When needed, measures to reduce noise to acceptable levels must be implemented and could include
silencers, mufflers, acoustically dampened panels or placement of noisy machines in acoustically
protected areas.
Avoiding or minimizing transportation though or material processing near community areas.
QCVN
26:2010/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on noise
QCVN
27:2010/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on vibration
4. Water
pollution The Contractor must be responsible for compliance with the relevant Vietnamese legislation relevant
to wastewater discharges into watercourses.
Portable or constructed hygienic toilets must be provided on site for construction workers. Wastewater
from toilets as well as kitchens, showers, sinks, etc. shall be discharged into a conservancy tank for
removal from the site or discharged into municipal sewerage systems; there should be no direct
discharges to any water body.
Wastewater over standards set by relevant Vietnam technical standards/regulations must be collected
in a conservancy tank and removed from site by licensed waste collectors.
Using techniques as berming or diversion during construction to limit the exposure of disturbed
sediments to moving water.
Before construction, all necessary wastewater disposal permits/licenses and/or wastewater disposal
contract have been obtained.
At completion of construction works, wastewater collection tanks and septic tanks shall be safely
disposed or effectively sealed off.
QCVN
09:2008/BTNMT:
National Technical
Standard on
underground water
Quality
QCVN
14:2008/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on
domestic wastewater;
QCVN 24:
2009/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on industrial
wastewater;
TCVN 7222: 2002:
General requirements
on centralized
wastewater treatment
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plant;
5. Drainage
and
sedimentati
on control
The Contractor shall follow the detailed drainage design included in the construction plans, intended
to prevent storm water from causing local flooding or scouring slopes and areas of unprotected soil
resulting in heavy sediment loads affecting local watercourses.
Ensure drainage system is always maintained cleared of mud and other obstructions.
Areas of the site not disturbed by construction activities shall be maintained in their existing
conditions.
Earthworks, cuts, and fill slopes shall be properly maintained, in accordance with the construction
specifications, including measures such as installation of drains, use of plant cover.
To avoid sediment-laden runoff that could adversely impact watercourses, install sediment control
structures where needed to slow or redirect runoff and trap sediment until vegetation is established.
Sediment control structures could include windrows of logging slash, rock berms, sediment catchment
basins, straw bales, storm drain inlet protection systems, or brush fences.
Site de-watering and water diversions: In the case that construction activities require that work be
carried out within the watercourse (e.g. culvert or bridge crossing construction, retaining wall
construction, erosion protection works), the work area must be dewatered to provide for construction in
dry conditions. The sediment laden water pumped from the work area must be discharged to an
appropriate sediment control measure for treatment before re-release to the stream.
TCVN 4447:1987:
Earth works-Codes for
construction
Decree No.
22/2010/TT-BXD on
regulation of
construction safety
QCVN
08:2008/BTNMT –
National technical
regulation on quality
of surface water
6. Managemen
t of
stockpiles,
quarries,
and borrow
pits
Large scale borrow pits or stockpiles will need site-specific measures that go beyond those in these
ECOPs.
All locations to be used must be previously identified in the approved construction specifications.
Sensitive sites such as scenic spots, areas of natural habitat, areas near sensitive receptors, or areas
near water should be avoided.
An open ditch shall be built around the stockpile site to intercept wastewater.
Stockpile topsoil when first opening a borrow pit and use it later to restore the area to near natural
conditions.
If needed, disposal sites shall include a retaining wall.
If the need for new sites arises during construction, they must be pre-approved by the Construction
Engineer.
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If landowners are affected by use of their areas for stockpiles or borrow pits, they must be included in
the project resettlement plan.
If access roads are needed, they must have been considered in the environmental assessment and
EMP.
7. Solid waste Before construction, a solid waste control procedure (storage, provision of bins, site clean-up
schedule, bin clean-out schedule, etc.) must be prepared by Contractors and it must be carefully
followed during construction activities.
Before construction, all necessary waste disposal permits or licenses must be obtained.
Measures shall be taken to reduce the potential for litter and negligent behavior with regard to the
disposal of all refuse. At all places of work, the Contractor shall provide litter bins, containers and
refuse collection facilities.
Solid waste may be temporarily stored on site in a designated area approved by the Construction
Supervision Consultant and relevant local authorities prior to collection and disposal through a
licensed waste collector, for example, URENCO in urban areas or local environment and sanitation
companies.
Waste storage containers shall be covered, tip-proof, weatherproof and scavenger proof.
No burning, on-site burying or dumping of solid waste shall occur.
Recyclable materials such as wooden plates for trench works, steel, scaffolding material, site holding,
packaging material, etc shall be collected and separated on-site from other waste sources for reuse, for
use as fill, or for sale.
If not removed off site, solid waste or construction debris shall be disposed of only at sites identified
and approved by the Construction Supervision Consultant and included in the solid waste plan. Under
no circumstances shall the contractor dispose of any material in environmentally sensitive areas, such
as in areas of natural habitat or in watercourses.
Decree No.
59/2007/ND-CP on
solid waste
management
8. Chemical or
hazardous
wastes
Chemical waste of any kind shall be disposed of at an approved appropriate landfill site and in
accordance with local legislative requirements. The Contractor shall obtain needed disposal
certificates.
The removal of asbestos-containing materials or other toxic substances shall be performed and
disposed of by specially trained and certified workers.
Decision No.
23/2006/QD-BTNMT
with list of hazardous
substance
Circular No.
12/2011/TT-BTNMT
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Used oil and grease shall be removed from site and sold to an approved used oil recycling company.
Used oil, lubricants, cleaning materials, etc. from the maintenance of vehicles and machinery shall be
collected in holding tanks and removed from site by a specialized oil recycling company for disposal
at an approved hazardous waste site.
Used oil or oil-contaminated materials that could potentially contain PCBs shall be securely stored to
avoid any leakage or affecting workers. The local DONRE must be contacted for further guidance.
Unused or rejected tar or bituminous products shall be returned to the supplier‟s production plant.
Relevant agencies shall be promptly informed of any accidental spill or incident.
Store chemicals appropriately and with appropriate labeling.
Appropriate communication and training programs should be put in place to prepare workers to
recognize and respond to workplace chemical hazards.
Prepare and initiate a remedial action following any spill or incident. In this case, the contractor shall
provide a report explaining the reasons for the spill or incident, remedial action taken,
consequences/damage from the spill, and proposed corrective actions.
on management of
hazardous substance
9. Workforce,
Camps and
Site
Managemen
t
Workers„ camps will be located at least 200 m away from schools and health care centres and not be
located on steep slopes. The workforce shall be provided with safe, suitable and comfortable
accommodations and safe portable water. They have to be maintained in clean and sanitary conditions.
Site offices, camps, mixing stations, and workshops shall be located NOT within 100m from any
water courses, 500 meters of existing residential area.
Engineers and workers shall register their temporary residence with the local authority.
Allocate officer to be the Contractor„s Workplace Safety and Environment Officer responsible for
environmental and safety issues including training for workers.
Septic tank toilets must be provided at all construction camp areas where there will be concentration
of labor.
First aid boxes shall be provided in each construction camp site.
10. Disruption
of
vegetative
cover and
The Contractor shall prepare a Clearance, Revegetation and Restoration Management Plan for prior
approval by the Construction Engineer, following relevant regulations. The Clearance Plan shall be
approved by Construction Supervision Consultant and followed strictly by contractor. Areas to be
Law on Environment
protection No.
52/2005/QH11
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ecological
resources
cleared should be minimized as much as possible.
Site clearance in a forested area is subject to permission from Department of Agriculture and Rural
Development.
The Contractor shall remove topsoil from all areas where topsoil will be impacted on by rehabilitation
activities, including temporary activities such as storage and stockpiling, etc; the stripped topsoil shall
be stockpiled in areas agreed with the Construction Supervision Consultant for later use in re-
vegetation and shall be adequately protected.
The application of chemicals for vegetation clearing is not permitted.
Prohibit cutting of any tree unless explicitly authorized in the vegetation clearing plan.
When needed, erect temporary protective fencing to efficiently protect the preserved trees before
commencement of any works within the site.
No area of potential importance as an ecological resource should be disturbed unless there is prior
authorization from CSC, who should consult with PMUs, and the relevant local authorities. This could
include areas of breeding or feeding of birds or animals, fish spawning areas, or any area that is
protected as a green space.
The Contractor shall ensure that no hunting, trapping shooting, poisoning of fauna takes place.
11. Traffic
managemen
t
Before construction, carry out consultations with local government and community and with traffic
police.
Significant increases in number of vehicle trips must be covered in a construction plan previously
approved. Routing, especially of heavy vehicles, needs to take into account sensitive sites such as
schools, hospitals, and markets.
Installation of lighting at night must be done if this is necessary to ensure safe traffic circulation.
Place signs around the construction areas to facilitate traffic movement, provide directions to various
components of the works, and provide safety advice and warning.
Employing safe traffic control measures, including road/rivers/canal signs and flag persons to warn of
dangerous conditions.
Avoid material transportation for construction during rush hour.
Passageways for pedestrians and vehicles within and outside construction areas should be segregated
and provide for easy, safe, and appropriate access. Signpost shall be installed appropriately in both
Law on traffic and
transportation No.
23/2008/QH12
Law on construction
No. 16/2003/QH11
Decree No.
22/2010/TT-BXD on
regulation of
construction safety
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water-ways and roads where necessary.
12. Interruptio
n of utility
services
Planned and unplanned interruptions to water, gas, power, internet services: the Contractor must
undertake prior consultation and contingency planning with local authorities about the consequences
of a particular service failure or disconnection.
Coordinate with relevant utility providers to establish appropriate construction schedules.
Provide information to affected households on working schedules as well as planned disruptions (at
least 5 days in advance).
Interruptions of water supply to agricultural areas must also be avoided.
The contractor should ensure alternative water supply to affected residents in the event of disruptions
lasting more than one day.
Any damages to existing utility systems of cable shall be reported to authorities and repaired as soon as
possible.
Decree No. 73/2010/ND-
CP on administrative
penalization security and
society issues
13. Restoration
of affected
areas
Cleared areas such as borrow pits which are no longer in use, disposal areas, site facilities, workers‟
camps, stockpiles areas, working platforms and any areas temporarily occupied during construction of
the project works shall be restored using landscaping, adequate drainage and revegetation.
Start revegetation at the earliest opportunity. Appropriate local native species of vegetation shall be
selected for the planting and restoration of the natural landforms.
Spoil heaps and excavated slopes shall be re-profiled to stable batters, and grassed to prevent erosion.
All affected areas shall be landscaped and any necessary remedial works shall be undertaken without
delay, including green-spacing, roads, bridges and other existing works.
Trees shall be planted at exposed land and on slopes to prevent or reduce land collapse and keep
stability of slopes.
Soil contaminated with chemicals or hazardous substances shall be removed and transported and
buried in waste disposal areas.
Restore all damaged road and bridges caused by project activities.
Law on Environment
protection No.
52/2005/QH11
14. Worker and
public
Safety
Contractor shall comply with all Vietnamese regulations regarding worker safety.
Prepare and implement action plan to cope with risk and emergency.
Preparation of emergency aid service at construction site.
Decree No.
22/2010/TT-BXD on
regulation of
construction safety
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Training workers on occupational safety regulations.
If blasting is to be used, additional mitigation measures and safety precautions must be outlined in the
EMP.
Ensure that ear pieces are provided to and used by workers who must use noisy machines such as
piling, explosion, mixing, etc., for noise control and workers protection.
During demolition of existing infrastructure, workers and the general public must be protected from
falling debris by measures such as chutes, traffic control, and use of restricted access zones.
Install fences, barriers, dangerous warning/prohibition site around the construction area which
showing potential danger to public people (such as unfinished power pole foundation, high risk
electrical shock areas, etc.).
The contractor shall provide safety measures as installation of fences, barriers warning signs, lighting
system against traffic accidents as well as other risk to people and sensitive areas.
If previous assessments indicate there could be unexploded ordnance (UXO), clearance must be done
by qualified personnel and as per detailed plans approved by the Construction Engineer.
Instruction No. 02
/2008/CT-BXD on
safety and sanitation
issues in construction
agencies
TCVN 5308-91:
Technical regulation
on safety in
construction
Decision No.
96/2008/QD-TTg on
clearance of UXO.
15. Communica
tion with
local
communitie
s
Maintain open communications with the local government and concerned communities; the contractor
shall coordinate with local authorities (leaders of local wards or communes, leader of villages) for
agreed schedules of construction activities at areas nearby sensitive places or at sensitive times (e.g.,
religious festival days).
Copies in Vietnamese of these ECOPs and of other relevant environmental safeguard documents shall
be made available to local communities and to workers at the site.
Reduced playground space, loss of playing fields and car parking: The loss of amenities during the
construction process is often an unavoidable source of inconvenience to users in sensitive areas.
However, early consultation with those affected, provides the opportunity to investigate and
implement alternatives.
Disseminate project information to affected parties (for example local authority, enterprises and
affected households, etc) through community meetings before construction commencement.
Provide a community relations contact from whom interested parties can receive information on site
activities, project status and project implementation results.
Provide all information, especially technical findings, in a language that is understandable to the
Decree No.
73/2010/ND-CP on
administrative
penalization security
and society issues
36
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CODE/REGULATION
general public and in a form of useful to interested citizens and elected officials through the
preparation of fact sheets and news release, when major findings become available during project
phase.
Monitor community concerns and information requirements as the project progresses;
Respond to telephone inquiries and written correspondence in a timely and accurate manner.
Inform local residents about construction and work schedules, interruption of services, traffic detour
routes and provisional bus routes, blasting and demolition, as appropriate.
Provide technical documents and drawings to PC‟s community, especially a sketch of the construction
area and the EMP of the construction site.
Notification boards shall be erected at all construction sites providing information about the project, as
well as contact information about the site managers, environmental staff, health and safety staff,
telephone numbers and other contact information so that any affected people can have the channel to
voice their concerns and suggestions.
16. Chance find
procedures If the Contractor discovers archeological sites, historical sites, remains and objects, including graveyards
and/or individual graves during excavation or construction, the Contractor shall:
Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find.
Delineate the discovered site or area.
Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities
or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be arranged until the responsible local authorities or the
Department of Culture and Information takes over.
Notify the Construction Supervision Consultant who in turn will notify responsible local or national
authorities in charge of the Cultural Property of Viet Nam (within 24 hours or less).
Relevant local or national authorities would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before
deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would require a preliminary evaluation of the
findings to be performed. The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed
according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage; those include the aesthetic, historic,
scientific or research, social and economic values.
Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the responsible authorities. This could
include changes in the layout (such as when finding an irremovable remain of cultural or
Law on Cultural
Heritage (2002)
Law on Cultural
Heritage (2009) for
supplementary and
reformation
Decree No.
98/2010/ND-CP for
supplementary and
reformation
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archeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage.
If the cultural sites and/or relics are of high value and site preservation is recommended by the
professionals and required by the cultural relics authority, the Project‟s Owner will need to make
necessary design changes to accommodate the request and preserve the site.
Decisions concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by relevant
authorities.
Construction works could resume only after permission is granted from the responsible local
authorities concerning safeguard of the heritage.