envrpt - archives.ust.hk

HKUST Environmental ReportHKUST Environmental Report1999-2000

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3HKUST Environmental Policy

Introduction

Environmental Health and Safety Committee

1991-2000 HKUST Environmental Protection Summary

Energy Conservation and Building Services

Resource Conservation and Waste Reduction

Hazardous Waste Management and Minimization

Campus Development and Services

Administrative Green Initiatives

Student Activities and Student Affairs

Environmental Teaching and Research

Conclusion

Examples of Current Environment-related Research Projects(at end of 2000)

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HKUST Environmental Report

1999-2000

Dr Vincent G S Lo,Chairman,University Council

A key element of the

University’s policy is an

undertaking to minimize

the impact of its activities

on its surroundings and

on the environment in

general. Sound

environmental policies

are integrated into

everyday practice in

laboratories, classrooms,

catering outlets and in

halls of residence.

The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology is committed to

protect the environment and minimize the impact of all its activities upon

the local, regional and global environments, both directly and through its

influence on others, including members of the University community. In

this regard, the University will:

• Integrate environmental management policies and practices into

every level and every department.

• Contribute to a sustainable future by

- conserving natural resources.

- minimizing waste and pollution.

- improving energy efficiency and substituting for renewable

energy sources.

- avoiding use of hazardous materials and preventing damage

to either public or ecological health when the use of such

materials is unavoidable.

- conducting effective waste management and recycling

procedures.

- using recycled and recyclable materials where possible.

- increasing awareness of environmental responsibilities among

staff and students through staff development and training, and

through environmental teaching and research initiatives.

HKUST Environmental Policy

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1999-2000HKUST Environmental Report

This is the first report devoted entirely to environmental issues at the Hong

Kong University of Science and Technology. In previous years, information

related to the environment was included in the annual report of the Safety

and Environmental Protection Office. This document is intended to show

the status of environmental efforts through the academic year 1999-2000,

and to provide a framework for continuous quality improvement in the

overall program.

HKUST is a research and teaching university with a total campus population

of nearly 10,000 and a residential population of over 4,000. Given its size,

considerable environmental impact is associated with the university’s

operations. Large populations of people consume energy, food, and

materials, and the choices of energy, consumption efficiency, other products

(and their containers), and recycling and waste disposal procedures have

far reaching effects on sustainability, resource conservation and waste

minimization. Construction and renovation continue to add or improve

facilities, and both the new material and waste have an impact in the

HKSAR. Research and teaching use chemicals and materials of a broad

spectrum, and the products have impact as liquid effluent, air emissions

and municipal or hazardous waste. The report will bring together the efforts

of HKUST to address the local and global environmental issues related to

operations and will provide insight into the future direction of environmental

protection at a leading tertiary institution in Hong Kong.

R esearch and teaching provide new information and graduates as the

university’s major products. HKUST contributes to research in many areas

besides the environment, but we briefly overview environmental research

in this report. The university is a leader in Hong Kong in teaching and

research. Since some citizens in Hong Kong might say that our main product

is our students, this report also addresses the issue of environmental

awareness and understanding that HKUST students will take with them

upon graduation.

Prof Chia-Wei Woo,President

As a world-class

research university, on

the road to achieving our

mission of contributing to

the economic and social

development of Hong

Kong and the region, we

have a responsibility to ...

take all possible

precautions to prevent

damage to our natural

environment.

Introduction

4


1999-2000

Mr Paul A Bolton,Vice-President forAdministration andBusiness

Building a green

campus culture requires

not only committed

leadership from all three

Branches but also

innovative and sustained

effort from all members of

our campus community.

Together, we have

accomplished quite a lot

in the past few years.

Nevertheless we must not

be complacent as there is

still much to do in areas

of cleaning up and

preserving our

environment, minimizing

waste generation and

promoting environmental

awareness. I hope that we

can continue on our

path, with the goal not

only of making an impact

at HKUST but also setting

an example to the wider

community in which we

live.

Environmental Health andSafety Committee

The Environmental Health and Safety Committee provides university policy

for environmental protection issues. Specifically, the committee

• Recommends to the President or his/her delegated representative,

the Vice-President for Administration and Business (VP-AB), policies,

procedures and standards appropriate to contribute to the

community effort in the protection, preservation and improvement

of the general environment.

• Establishes polices and procedures under which the Safety and

Environmental Program will operate.

• Is regularly informed of safety and environmental protection plans

implemented by departments for reporting to the President or

his/her delegated representative, the VP-AB through the Director

of the Safety and Environmental Protection Office (SEPO).

• Appoints sub-committees or specialist committees as necessary to

address unique or extraordinary safety or environmental protection

issues.

• Prepares a yearly report for the President summarizing the state of

the University’s performance on safety and environmental

protection matters.

ChairmanMr. Paul Bolton, Vice-President for Administration and Business

MembersProfessor Nelson Cue,

Associate Vice-President for Academic Affairs

Professor Reinhard Renneberg, Professor Chemistry

Dr. Wan-Keung Wong, Associate Professor Biochemistry

Dr. John F. Porter, Assistant Professor Chemical Engineering

Dr. Ming Fang, Director Institute for

Environment and Sustainable Development

Dr. Arthur Lau,

Assistant Research Scientist, Applied Teachnology Center

Mr. Mike Hudson, Director Estates Management Office

Secretary and Ex-officio MemberDr. Joseph Kwan,

Director Safety & Environmental Protection Office

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5


Dr Joseph K Kwan,Director of Safety andEnvironmental Protection

What we want to establish

at HKUST is a practice where

environmental consideration

is a part of all campus

operations. As we are

involved in such diversified

activities we can make a

positive impact in so many

different ways. We hope that

our staff and students can

acquire first-hand experience

on how environmental

initiatives are integrated into

various operations; and

perhaps they can bring with

them these green practices

into our community to

further contribute to the

global mission of sustainable

development.

Major Environmental Impacts

• Energy Consumption • Hazardous Waste Production

• Water Consumption • Municipal Waste Production

• Material Consumption • Wastewater Effluent

• Cooling Water Effluent

• Air Emission

Major Environmental Efforts from 1991 to 2000

Policy

• HKUST Environmental Policy

Management

• New campus development environmental planning

• Environmental design for elements of proposed new campus

building

• Environmental considerations in pest control

• Student leadership environmental orientation

Resource Conservation

• Working group on energy savings

• Energy performance contract

• Campus vehicle energy conservation program

• Paper use minimization by information technology

• Potable water conservation

• Reduction of disposable (non-biodegradable) containers from

campus caterers

• Reduction of paper towel consumption in campus facilities

Hazardous Material Minimization

• Use of micro scale experiments in chemistry teaching laboratories

• Chemical exchange program

• Use of “no-lead” paint on the campus.

Recycling

• Paper, plastic and aluminium can recycling program

• Laser printer cartridge recycling program

1991-2000 HKUST EnvironmentalProtection Summary

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6


1999-2000

Sustainable Products

• Purchasing policy for sustainable products

• Caterer use of biodegradable containers

Compliance

• Wastewater effluent licensing and monitoring program

• Hazardous waste management program

• Replacement of all CFC Refrigerants for campus chillers

• Replacement of all CFC fire extinguishers

Environmental Goals

Long Term

• Establish basic multi-disciplinary environmental education for all

HKUST students

Medium Term

• Provide environmental protection and waste management

clause(s) in all relevant contracts at HKUST

• Pursue creative financing for EMO-Development green

construction goals

Short Term

• Recycle campus food waste to local pig farmer

• Eliminate styrofoam “white” waste from all caterers

• Establish voluntary “Plant a tree for HKUST” program for staff and

students

Continuous Improvement Items

• Set targets and achieve further reductions in energy consumption

per capita

• Set benchmark and further reduce potable water consumption

rate

• Set benchmark and further reduce net chemical consumption in

teaching and research

• Further hazardous waste minimization by Chemical Exchange

Program

• Increase use of bona fide recycled paper at HKUST

• Increase recycling efficiency for paper, plastic and aluminum

7


The Estates Management Office (EMO) and administrators decided in the

beginning that HKUST would be an efficient energy consumer. Since 1994,

the Director of Estates Management (DEM) leads a Working Group on

Energy Saving to monitor energy use, reduce energy costs, adopt energy

saving measures, and manage the growth of energy consumption on the

campus.

Mr. Mike Hudson,Director of EstatesManagement

Almost everything we

do impacts on the

environment. From our

energy management

strategies to our CFC

replacement program,

from our waste reduction

and recycling initiatives

to energy efficient

building designs, from

our pollution controls to

our campus greening

efforts, the scope for

continuous improvement

seem limitless.

Environmental issues

have been forced to the

forefront of peoples’ minds

as both local and global

conditions deteriorate.

Reversing these trends can

only be achieved by

everyone, near and far,

working together towards

common goals. We have a

beautiful campus but

pollution respects no

boundaries.

Energy Conservationand Building Services

Typical Energy(Electricity and Town Gas) Consumption by Area

51%Academic Bldg

30%Central Plant Academic Bldg

2%Staff Qtrs10%

Student Housing7%

Canteens

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Energy Saving Measures

The Building Services section of the Estates Management Office (EMO-BS)

employed conservation efforts for the largest electrical load center - the

academic building. It studied conservation and energy saving for other

utilities in all campus operations. The electricity energy saving opportunities

include:

• Use air-conditioning and lighting more efficiently (use control

switching and sensors to avoid over-cooling, over-illumination,

etc.).

• Fine-tune the building schedule for

air-conditioning and lighting (timers,

etc).

8


1999-2000

• Control user requests for temporary lighting and power.

• Use energy-efficient appliances (flow-controlled fume cupboards,

compact lamps, etc.).

• Reduce solar heat load and cooled air leakage (add window blinds,

door gap seals, etc).

• Publicize energy saving awareness in campus publications and

an Energy Exhibit, use energy labels to remind users to switch off

equipment when not in use, keep air-conditioned area doors

closed, etc.

The utility fuel energy saving opportunities include:

• Adjust the hot-water supply temperature for low-pressure hot water

(LPHW) system.

• Adjust the chilled-water supply temperature for air-conditioning

and mechanical ventilation (ACMV) system.

• Use electric fan heaters for localized areas on cold days.

• Use dehumidifiers for localized areas in humid seasons.

• Fine-tune the operation schedule of the central LPHW and ACMV

systems.

• Fine-tune the dehumidification process of the central ACMV system.

9


Energy Performance Contract

A key component of energy reduction is the HKUST energy performance

contract. In August 1996, we signed the first Energy Saving Performance

Contract in Asia with the Energy Service Company (ESCO). ESCO obtained

a loan to carry out energy-saving capital improvements on our campus. If

the company meets its guaranteed energy-saving target during the five-

year contract period, HKUST will pay the ESCO an amount sufficient to pay

off its loan. The advantage of such an arrangement is that HKUST does not

need to come up with any up-front investment, which can be a major

hindrance to modification projects of this scale. Besides, the energy saving

performance of the project is guaranteed.

Improvements in technology and energy saving measures allowed HKUST

to further optimize the air-conditioning and lighting system. Energy-saving

electronic ballast and fluorescent tube assemblies were installed among

other technical innovations.

Our successful experience in Performance Contract drew attention from

many organizations in Hong Kong. Two years after the contract was signed

at HKUST, the first Energy Saving Performance Contracting Conference was

held in Hong Kong. Subsequently, the HKSAR government formed a

commitment to implement pilot schemes on performance contracting for

government buildings.

Energy Saving Achievements through 1999

The major utilities consumed by HKUST are electricity, utility fuel and water.

Of the university’s annual HK$39.6 million utility expense in 1994/95,

electricity made up 77% (HK$30.4 million for 51,700 MWHr); utility fuel,

22% (HK$8.7 million for 52,753 GJ); and city water, 1% (HK$0.5 million

for 124,500 cu. m.). The academic building is the major electrical load

center consuming 91% of the total 51,700 MWHr.

The university reduced utility fuel consumption by 50% (26,287 GJ in

1998/99, compared with 1994/95). Utility fuel expense decreased by

HK$3.5 million compared with 1994/95. CO2 emission was reduced by

812,000 cubic meters by not burning this amount of towngas.

10


1999-2000

However as the number of students grew and research activities intensified,

electricity demand at HKUST increased steadily from 1994 to 1998. Annual

consumption reached a peak of 62,500 MWHr in 1997/98 when the

number of FTE students approached maximum capacity. However,

electricity consumption decreased by 1.7% to 61,400 MWHr in 1998/99

compared with 1997/98. The net savings during growth was still HK$0.8

million with a reduction in CO2 from electricity generation of over 2,200

tons (CLP data). HKUST avoided additional electricity consumption of over

2,200 MWHr in 98/99 with retrofits from the Performance Contract.

T he energy management effort controlled the increasing electricity

demand. It was not until 1998/99, after growth and operation for nine

years, that a new power transformer was required for a zone in the

Laboratory Building.

Energy Saving Summary 1999/2000

Energy saving measures caused a decline in electricity and towngas

consumption during the year. The current estimate is that consumption of

electricity and towngas amounted to 59,800 MWHr and 21,500 GJ (2.6%

and 18% reduction, respectively), in 1999/2000 compared to the previous

year. The corresponding cost savings were HK$1.2 million and HK$0.9

million, respectively. CO2 emission from towngas consumption and electricity

generation was reduced by 146,000 cubic meters (3,100 tons). Performance

Contract contributions reduced electricity consumption by nearly 2,400

MWHr in 1999/2000.

(Price increase Electricity: +7.4% Electricity: +6.3% Electricity: +5.9% Electricity: +4.9% Electricity:0%over preceding year) Gas: +5.9% Gas: +5.5% Gas: +5.2% Gas: +4.8% Gas: 0%

(Consumption compared Electricity: +6.9% Electricity: +9.5% Electricity: +4.2% Electricity: +4.3% Electricity:-1.4%with preceding year) Gas: -3.8% Gas: -23.6% Gas: +11.8% Gas: -7.5% Gas: -43%

Total Energy (Electricity and Town Gas) Consumption and Cost Profilies

11


Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Control

To manage IAQ in offices and public places, the Safety and Environmental

Protection Office (SEPO) and EMO-BS conducted an air sampling survey in

1995 at selected campus sites and took necessary remedial actions. More

energy is not always required to maintain good indoor air quality. Some

areas with older ventilation systems may fail newer air quality requirements

and require fresh air adjustments. In other places, such as the library and

canteens, frequent door openings bring in sufficient fresh air that the

ventilation system may operate under CO2 sensor control instead of a fixed

fresh air intake rate. Energy saving and indoor air quality were both achieved

in different situations. In 1999, EMO-BS began regular air duct inspections

on the existing ventilation system. Maintenance was conducted on the

ventilation system to emphasize air volume measurement and flow

balancing. The efforts improved control of air quality and enabled reduction

in energy consumption.

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) Replacement

M any chlorofluorocarbon compounds used in air conditioning cause

ozone depletion in the earth’s upper atmosphere. The original HKUST project

design recognized this fact and provided special chillers at the time of

construction. These chillers can operate with a non-CFC refrigerant after

minor alteration. In 1997, EMO-BS retrofitted all chillers with more than

4000 kg of non-CFC refrigerant and arranged for environmentally safe

destruction of the older CFC material. At

the same time, more than 700 fire

extinguishers using ozone depleting

chemicals were replaced with those that

use non-CFC fire fighting agents. The

univers i ty a lso arranged for safe

destruction of these chemicals.

12


1999-2000

Resource Conservation andWaste Reduction

Hon Christine Loh,Member of UniversityCouncil

Efforts made to protect

the environment are

cumulative and every bit

helps. The first step is to

have a clear view about

our current operations so

that they can be assessed

and improvements

identified. This can be a

painstaking exercise but it

will be ultimately

rewarding. That is what

HKUST has tried to

accomplish. The efforts

made and enumerated in

this Report represent that

exercise. Human nature

is such that we will want

even further

improvements in the

future!

Reduction of Environmental Contamination

C ampus maintenance requires use of

environmentally hazardous materials for

cleaning, landscaping and pest control.

Contractors use:

• Pesticides

• Herbicides

• Fungicides

• Cleaning agents

• Paints

SEPO reviews the products and helps select the most environmentally

friendly materials that are practical. Contractors use only the approved items

and application control is monitored by Estates Management Office (EMO)

to minimize environmental impact.

Water consumption

The Campus has an area of 60 hectares, with 60% of the area landscaped.

The university uses an automatic wellwater irrigation system for the cultivated

area to reduce use of potable water. The irrigation system design reduces

waste in three ways:

• It is more accurate than hand watering.

• Drip hoses reduce water evaporation loss.

• An automatic rain detection system halts application during rainfall.

Paper consumption

• EMO changed to use of rolling paper toweling dispensers to

reduce paper consumption (recycled paper only).

• Paper towel consumption was reduced to 24,200 kg in 1999/00

from 38,500 kg in 1997/98 (37%).

• Toilet tissue consumption was reduced to 6,080 km in 1999/00

from 7,350 km in 1997/98 (17%).

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13


Reuse of Salvaged Materials

We reuse materials in four ways:

• Use salvaged materials from construction projects for campus

maintenance programs.

• Use grass cuttings for compost.

• Use chipped tree and shrub trimmings for mulch. Mulching

reduces irrigation water loss by evaporation.

• Sponsor a campus-wide garage sale twice a year (since 1996).

The event recycles consumer materials.

Recycling

The university has always collected paper for recycling. Paper recovery

rates increased from less than 1,000 kg per month at campus opening to

more than 5,000 kg in 1999.

EMO launched a campus-wide recycling campaign in May 2000. The

University Council Chairman, Dr Vincent Lo, Council Member, the Hon

Christine Loh, President, Professor Chia-Wei Woo, and the Student Union

President, Germaine Chan, officiated at the event. More than 200 blue

color-coded recycling bins were distributed on the campus prior to the

launch. The campaign produced dramatic results, and subsequent recovery

rates for paper now exceed 11,000 kg per month. Paper product recycling

is under review to further improve efficiency. The chart illustrates the paper

recycling program.

14


1999-2000

Paper Recycling at HKUST

Contract cleaners collect aluminum cans on the campus. Previously, the

cleaners recovered aluminum cans from the general waste. The University

improved the collection efficiency by adding more than 40 Aluminum cans

recycling bins on the campus.

This effort and the launch campaign increased the level of aluminum can

recycling from about 1,000 cans per month at the beginning of 1999 to

more than 4,300 cans per month during the middle of 2000. The graph

illustrates the aluminum recycling program.

15


Standard Office Waste Minimization Practices at HKUST

Academic and administrative offices at HKUST practice waste minimization

in daily operation, including:

• Use of e-mail as alternative to paper

• Use of electronic data storage as alternative to paper

• Participation in the waste paper recycling scheme

• Participation in the laser printer cartridge recycling scheme

• Reuse of paper for internal documents

• Reduction of the number of photocopies

16


1999-2000

Hazardous WasteManagement and Minimization

*Calendar Year

Estimate*

Dr Joseph K Kwan,Director of Safety andEnvironmentalProtection

We do our best in

SEPO to serve the campus

community. We offer a

range of safety and

environmental related

services...However...your

active participation is

most crucial for achieving

the University’s goal in

maintaining a safe and

environmentally sound

campus.

Liquid Chemical Waste

In 1999, Safety and Environmental Protection Office

(SEPO) provided hazardous waste management

service to 102 laboratories and collected over 28,000

liters of liquid chemical waste. Each laboratory must

put their waste into proper containers, maintain the

waste log sheet and the waste collection area, and

request collection when ready. The program is

ongoing for 2000. The size of the program appears

to have reached a steady volume of waste as shown

below.

Liquid Chemical Waste Collection, 1994-2000

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17


Calendar Year

Calendar Year

Radioactive Waste

S EPO provides liquid and solid radioactive waste collection services to

laboratories using various radioisotopes. The radioactive wastes are then

disposed of according to the local Radiation Ordinance and subsidiary

regulations. The following chart depicts the amount of radioactive wastes

collected and disposed by SEPO from 1993 to 2000.

Solid Chemical Waste

SEPO collects and packages solid hazardous wastes for collection to meet

EPD guidelines. The nature of this waste requires more specialized collection

and handling. SEPO staff specifies or provides waste treatment where

necessary, and offers temporary custody and disposal service to departments

that require support. Solid waste is removed from UST according to EPD

guidelines.

Solid Chemical Waste Collection, 1995-2000

Radioactive waste collected and disposed, 1993-2000

18


1999-2000

The yearly volume of chemical waste has also been reduced by the use of

microscale experiments in the Chemistry Department teaching laboratories

since 1993. Microscale experiments consume 5-10 fold less chemicals than

traditional methods. To illustrate, the volume of waste from the teaching

laboratories with microscale experiments was 820L in 1999-2000. If

traditional scale experiments were in use, a conservative 5-fold increase

would make over 4000L, or 14% of the total waste for the year, a very

significant waste increase. The department will further reduce waste by

combining students into groups for the same experiments to reduce the

number of experiment sets.

Chemical Waste Minimization

SEPO conducts a waste minimization program at HKUST called the Chemical

Exchange Program (CEP). University members can use the internal web to

list any unused chemicals they have, and after safety screening, the

chemicals are posted on the SEPO web site. Any member of the university

can view the list and request the chemicals at no charge. The program has

grown and has been opened to responsible staff and faculty of other tertiary

institutions in Hong Kong. The program effectively minimizes waste, avoids

the hazards of treating such waste, and reduces input to the hazardous

waste program.

The chart summarizes CEP transactions to date, and estimates the value

of the chemicals taken by clients. The table does not include the additional

cost savings realized by avoiding waste disposal costs.

Chemical Exchange Program Transactions

Estimated Value(HKD)

Number ofChemicals Taken

Volume ofLiquid Chemicals(L)

19


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Ko Pik San Coral,Vice-President of HKUSTStudents’ Union, 2000-2001

Various environmental

protection programs have

been carried out in our

university. The effort put

in this area by our school

is significant. Debates on

the issue of environmental

protection have never

ceased, and are rapidly

increasing in the society,

however, they may still

appear to be less

important to the students.

Yet, great things are not

done by impulse, but by a

series of small things

brought together

progressively through

time.

Campus Services

During 1999 and 2000, Campus Services Office (CSO) worked with HKUST

contractors to create a more environmentally friendly campus. The main

initiatives were in catering services and transportation.

Catering Services

To reduce consumption of disposable containers (mainly styrofoam), CSO:

• Started a “Bring Your Own Cup” program at the Coffee Shop in

Spring 2000. Users who bring their own cups receive a discount.

By mid-2000, over 10% of the beverages sold were in the user

cups.

• Introduced sugar dispensers to reduce packet waste.

• Developed a plan for use of biodegradable food containers at all

catering outlets (replace all styrofoam containers).

• Provided a central dishwashing facility at the food court to

eliminate use of disposable items. Caterers were asked to cooperate

in the waste reduction.

• Modified all grease traps at the main catering outlets to improve

efficiency and meet kitchen wastewater standards.

• Centralized contracts and the cleaning frequency of grease traps

for better control.

• Started a microbial treatment program to reduce oil and grease in

kitchen effluent in mid 2000.

• Created a Fresh Air Zone (for non-smokers) at the outdoor seating

area at the Coffee Shop.

Campus Development andServices

20


1999-2000

Other Campus Services Initiatives

• Official vehicles on-campus are required to use unleaded fuel and

staff transport buses are required to turn their engines off while

waiting for passengers.

Future Campus Services Office Plans

• Adopt biodegradable take-away containers for all food and drinks.

• Recycle edible restaurant food waste to a local pig farmer.

• Require all catering tender bidders to submit their environmental

program as part of the tender.

CSO environmental projects generated campus wide support from users,

contractors and SEPO. This partnership will enable them to improve the

environmental program further in the coming year.

Campus Development

Site Pollution Minimization

The Estates Management Office-Development Section (EMO-Dev) uses

guidelines for all construction projects to achieve environmental goals. These

guidelines are listed below.

• Specify low emission (volatile organic compounds) paints or

adhesives in all campus construction;

• Ban the practice of burning site waste on campus

• Use diamond saws to cut concrete and specify dust abatement

• Use vehicle wheel washbasins at construction site entrances

• Prevent dumping of building materials into drains

• Strictly follow the Noise Control Ordinance

• Audit carbon dioxide emission data of building energy systems

• Examine facility life cycle cost before construction

• Use simple renewable source materials and avoid over-specification

21


Site Waste Minimization

• Require standardized materials and methods of construction to

simplify construction and reduce overall waste

• Employ term contractors to handle similar types of projects so

that construction waste is reduced

• Provide contractors enough time to salvage materials and

components for recycling, before demolition work begins

• Select development site with minimum environmental impact

• Protect existing vegetation during construction

Green Building Design Proposal for New Student Housing

• Position building to optimize solar orientation and access prevailing

breezes

• Develop shading strategies to minimize solar heat gain

• Minimize site formation work with compact building design

• Adopt modular design to reduce building material waste

• Model energy performance of air-conditioned space during design

to optimize mechanical systems

• Include easy access recycling center in design

• Restrict cut-and-fill operation to on-site movement

• Use salvaged building materials or those with high-recycled

content

• Use building materials that have the least greenhouse gas

emissions during production

• Reduce water consumption with water-efficient equipment

• Employ individual instant water heaters to reduce energy waste

and pipe material

• Avoid landfill expense with a site waste management program in

the construction contract

22


1999-2000

Administrative GreenInitiativesInformation Systems

E lectronic culture is universal at HKUST and is a way to advance

environmental efforts. Information technology (IT) has two roles to play,

(1) to promote environmental awareness on the campus, and (2) reduce

consumption of paper.

Environmental Awareness

S taff and students use the administrative intranet extensively and

Information Systems Office (ISO) uses the intranet to promote environmental

awareness. Pop-up windows with environmental messages are

automatically displayed during use. The messages encourage action and

are linked to environmental websites. We are exploring the attachment of

environmentally friendly messages to e-mails.

Environmental Savings

Electronic Messages

HKUST takes a leadership role to promote use of e-mail to replace paper.

Administrative memos, faculty lecture notes and handouts, and student

assignments, traditionally use paper. The university, however, uses e-mail

for mass notifications (all staff/students), to route information and action

matter, and for acknowledgements. This communication saves large

volumes of paper. In 1997 the University developed digital signatures and

certificates and is one of the first “Certification Authorities” in Hong Kong.

This means that what previously required a paper document and signature

can now be signed and sent electronically.

Electronic Forms

E -Form use at HKUST started in 1991. The General Estates Defect Reporting

Form is an example of the application. The service was introduced to

expedite problem reporting when the university took over its new campus

and is now in universal use. Ten years after introduction, the system handles

over 3,000 work requests a month.

23


Electronic Information

This system eliminated

• Paper registration for classes by students

• Paper grade reports to students at term end

• Paper copies of budget and financial reports

• Paper telephone directories (monthly update)

• Printing of class enrollment lists

• Paper confirmation of staff administrative matters

Purchasing

Purchasing Office (PURO) uses e-mail for all communication with internal

users and vendors. Campus members are encouraged to use e-mail only

purchase requests and quotations from vendors on low-value purchases.

PURO uses only recycled printer cartridges, and participates in the laser

printer cartridge recycling program and other “green office practices”.

• Buys recycled paper, printer cartridges, and bio-degradable

garbage bags for campus use.

• Identifies green vendors.

• Advises users on environmental issues when preparing purchase

specifications.

• Asks vendors if their items are designed and manufactured under

recognized environmental protection concepts.

• Provides vendors with common-use item information on the HKUST

website.

• Provides vendors with electronic product information.

• Is preparing an electronically accessible list of green vendors.

• Is developing an e-mall for campus procurement.

24


1999-2000

Student Activities andStudent Affairs

Professor ReinhardRenneberg,Chemistry, Member ofEnvironmental Health &Safety Committee

Without any doubt HKUST

is in the forefront of science

and technology developments.

Are our “main products”, the

students, prepared for the new

Millenium? Technically: yes,

they are learning cutting-edge

theories and practices. But

what about their

environmental, cultural and

social education? Are we really

developing open-minded young

adults who care about the

impact of science and

technology on society and the

environment? Every student

educated at HKUST should

leave here dedicated to the

mission of improving their

environment. ...I am confident

that the students who have

lived, studied and been

involved in a variety of campus

activities will leave our “Green

Campus” as the next pioneers

to spread the ideas and habits

they have learned at HKUST.

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Student Environmental Activities

Fostering a green culture among HKUST students is one of the main

areas of student activities. Working together with faculty and staff,

the student union takes on leadership to help promote environmental

awareness among the student population and to help with community

effort in improving our environment. Three student bodies have played

active roles in this regard: Green Melody, Nature Club and the

Promotion of Environmental Awareness Group.

G reen Melody was one of the first environmental promotion clubs

founded at UST. They aimed at spreading the “protecting our

environment” message among fellow students. They organized

activities such as cleaning up our neighboring beach and designed

an award winning environmental monopoly game.

T he Nature Club aims at raising environmental concern and

awareness among fellow students at HKUST. They have won the

Shell environmental award in support of their effort which included

holding an environmental camp, and organizing green speeches,

exhibition, and green tours. Through these activities, students had

opportunities to learn and live out environmental issues encountered

in our community.

The Promotion of Environmental Awareness Group is made up of a

group of Biology students and has been funded by the Environment

and Conservation Fund and the Woo Wheelock Green Fund. Its

mission is to promote a sense of environmental protection through

activities like seminars, slide shows, exhibitions in order to make the

public aware of our environment, its problems and solutions. They

have organized environmental days featuring topics such as paper

recycling, and nature appreciation, as well as tree planting trips.

Furthermore, they have held over 100 “Awareness of Environmental

Protection Seminars” at primary and secondary schools, and youth

and elderly centers to promote environmental consciousness. For

their effort, they received an award for the best environmental

education and community action project from the Environmental

Campaign Committee. Members also participated in the Inter-flow

Camp of Cultural and Environmental Study on Chang Jiang ‘2000.

25


Chan Chore Man,Germaine, President ofHKUST Students’ Union2000-2001

To me, the initiative in

environmental protection

among students, or even

Hong Kong in general, is

still in an early stage of

evolvement as compared to

developed countries. People

are aware of the impact of

pollution, but they are not

enthusiastic enough to take

action. This is a situation

the University is trying its

best to alter. There are

many projects and actions

on hand, and significant

improvements have been

made and are really

appreciated by the campus

community. However, to

sustain and to further these

achievements, a concerted

effort by students, staff and

the University management

will be needed. We have

taken a sizable first step,

and I am optimistic that we

will move ahead in even

larger strides.

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A ll in all, students at HKUST take active interest and leadership to promote

environmental awareness both among the student population and in the

community-at -large. They do it by learning new knowledge, sharing the

messages and living through environmental friendly practices.

Student Affairs

S tudent Affairs Office (SAO) raises the awareness of environmental

protection so students will develop a green attitude and will incorporate

environmental protection into their daily lives. SAO advises student

organizations about environmental issues and leads discussions about

achieving the goal of a green campus. Major efforts and programs include:

• Weekly dinners with student society representatives.

• Weekly Hall Forums held during the school year.

26


1999-2000

Future Plans

• Increase promotion of environmental protection with a training

booklet published for officers of student societies. SAO will extend

coverage of environmental protection in future issues.

• Ask the Students’ Union to brief O’ Camp organizers on the

importance of environmental protection.

• Include environmental protection activities in O’ Camps.

• Articles on environmental protection published monthly in “Bridge

Link”, a publication distributed to 3,000 hall residents.

• New Exco Night. An orientation program for new student officers

held annually to discuss campus life and how to run their societies.

• O’Camp Leaders Laboratory. An annual training program for

student leaders in orientation camps. SAO briefs the students on

minimizing waste during their planned camp activities.

• Encouragement to students to take environmental protection

seriovsly and to organize campus promotions.

• Recycling programs and garage sales in student halls.

• Energy and water conservation in student halls.

27


Environmental Teachingand Research

Dr. Ming Fang,Director of Institute forEnvironment andSustainableDevelopment

Environmental

protection is about

politics, economics, social

science, science and

technology. It is a part of

our culture. A university

has all these elements. It is

an ideal place for the

evolution of a new culture

with inherent

environmental features.

This experience can be

shared with the rest of the

society to make our city a

better place to live. HKUST

has a good start in this

direction, let us keep on

fighting for this goal.

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T ertiary educational institutes are in a unique position with respect to

protecting the environment. In addition to operational efforts to minimize

impacts to the environment, as described in previous chapters; we can

also contribute through our main products: new knowledge and well-

trained graduates. As a leading university with emphasis on science,

technology and management, HKUST has made significant contributions

in both of these areas.

Environmental Curricula

The following is a list of undergraduate and postgraduate curricula that

are either directly related to environmental protection, or have study streams

that focus on various environmental issues.

Bachelor of Science in Biology

Bachelor of Science in Chemistry

Bachelor of Engineering in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Bachelor of Engineering in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Master of Science in Biotechnology

Master of Science in Environmental Engineering

Master of Science in Environmental Science

Master of Philosophy/Doctor of Philosophy in Biology

Master of Philosophy/Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry

Master of Philosophy/Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Engineering

Master of Philosophy/Doctor of Philosophy in Civil Engineering

O ther than these major curricula, other departments, in particular the

Division of Social Science of the School of Humanities and Social Science,

also offer elective courses which address the interaction of science,

technology and the society, including the environmental impacts of

technological development. Relevant courses include Science, Technology

and Society; Environmental Policy in Hong Kong; Environmental Studies;

Business and the Environment; and Environmental Management, etc.

28


1999-2000

Dr. Gerald Patchell,Social Science

A university is more

than lectures and

libraries. It is a

community where

students form discipline,

values, and joys that

last them a lifetime. Over

the last few years the

university has made great

strides in creating a

“greener community.”

Environmental programs,

a management system,

leadership, and most

importantly student

interest are all coming

together. Much remains to

be done. We need to be

more daring, in building

a regenerative campus,

integrating

environmental awareness

into all our courses, and

sharing our

environmental knowledge

with the community. If

we, at this university,

don’t take up these

challenges, why should we

expect the people of Hong

Kong to bother?

MSc Program in Environmental Science and Engineering

The joint Master of Science (MSc) degree program on Environmental

Science and Engineering is an effort by at least six academic departments,

and offers a unique multi-disciplinary education to students, so that they

are equipped to handle complex environmental problems. HKUST has

arguably the strongest faculty team currently engaged in environmental

science and engineering in Hong Kong. The Environmental Science and

Engineering (ESCE) program is the most popular interdisciplinary program

at HKUST and is likely the best in Hong Kong at the graduate level. The

ESCE program has one of the most advanced curriculum types in the Asia

Pacific region and graduates have a knowledge base to enable them to

make valuable contributions to improve Hong Kong's environment. ESCE

students are highly motivated, and many are already engaged in

environmental work in industry, commerce and government bodies. Besides

the MSc program, ESCE also conducts workshops on issues focused on

local environmental concerns.

Engineering Student Safety Training

S EPO teaches a module of Environmental Protection during the

Engineering Students Safety Training (ESST), which is a graduate requirement

for all HKUST engineering students. This training has been provided under

the industrial training requirements of the Hong Kong Institute of

Engineering (HKIE) since 1996. The School of Engineering oversees this

mandatory training, which essentially ensures a fundamental appreciation

of environmental issues among all engineering students who may or may

not continue to study these issues in the rest of their curricula. The

Environmental Protection module surveys the major local and global

environmental protection issues, discusses the local environmental regulatory

framework, and also challenges the engineering students with advanced

concepts such as Industrial Ecology, Design for the Environment, and Life

Cycle Assessment, etc.

Environmental Research

H KUST has several active centers of environmental research, and

researchers work on many environmental issues that are highly relevant to

Hong Kong and are also applicable at the global level. Examples span from

wastewater cleaning and recycling in the bleaching and dyeing industry,

restaurant wastewater, fuel cells for clean energy to alleviate urban air

pollution, use of municipal solid wastes for energy, to use of solid wastes

as construction material.

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29


The Pearl River Estuary Pollution Project (PREPP)

Center for Coastal & Atmospheric Research: Prof Jay Chung Chen

The Pearl River Delta region, as part of the South China Sea, has experienced

tremendous growth in the past few decades. The increased social and

economic activities have brought about serious deterioration of the water

quality due to pollutants discharged into the Pearl River estuary system.

The objective of PREPP is to use a combination of traditional and new

technologies to gain a solid understanding of the status of selected toxic

pollutants, sediment, phytoplankton and nutrient levels in the Pearl River

Estuary. Given the dramatic growth of industry and population in the area,

this information is urgently needed to ensure that government pollution

monitoring and control strategies are in line with the most serious threats

to ecology and human health.

30


1999-2000

F ield data are collected by shipboard measurements, shore-based sampling,

satellite remote sensing, and a coastal radar system. The data are then

subject to analyses by an integrated mathematical models system, which

include meteorological models and coastal ocean models. Data from both

the shore-based and the shipboard measurement are integrated with the

secondary data from public and private sectors for incorporation to our

real-time Geographical Information System (GIS).

The GIS water quality situation display provides real-time, tactical and

strategic information on the environmental quality of the waters in the

Pearl River Estuary. It gives both the spatial and temporal variations of the

measurements. These results can help us understand when harmful algal

blooms will occur, so that we can provide scientifically based biological

alerts. Field observation is also an important component of the PREPP.

Both shore-based and shipboard measurements provide real-time data on

the Pearl River Estuary.

Mobile Real-time Air Monitoring Platform (MAP)

Department of Chemical Engineering: Chak K. Chan

Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development: Ming Fang

The initiatives outlined by the Chief Executive, Mr. Tung Chee Hwa, in his

6 October 1999 Policy Address for cleaning up the atmosphere will

substantially improve the air quality of Hong Kong. The pending shift in

automotive fuel (from diesel to liquefied petroleum gas) is expected to

produce a significant change in atmospheric physics and chemistry.

Conventional air monitoring technology will not be able to track and study

these changes; research-grade methods and technology will be required.

The aims of this project are to design and build a Mobile Real-time Air

Monitoring Platform (MAP) to map air pollutant concentrations across the

territory and to measure some of the important physical parameters of

pollution. The data will permit researchers to track how the proposed air

pollution initiatives are progressing and to study the dynamics involved in

the anticipated changes. Once built, MAP will be used as a platform to

conduct exhibitions/demonstrations for schools and the general public.

The goal is to raise environmental awareness, interest and understanding

among the public by demonstrating MAP’s capabilities. High school students

will also get a chance to gain first-hand experience about state-of-the-art

air monitoring equipment through the traineeship program that will be

established.

31


Conclusion

Prof Chia-Wei Woo,President

“A sound safety and

environmental protection

policy begins with every

one of us...When all of us

take this responsibility

seriously, we will be able

to maintain a safe,

healthy and

environmentally sound

campus. A campus that

we can all be proud of,

and a high quality

campus that matches the

very high quality of our

staff and students.

”

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H KUST has made good efforts towards operating an environmentally

responsible tertiary institution. The achievements have been forged by the

effort and teamwork of many people from all parts of the university. Some

of the more visible tasks have been accomplished, but obviously many

issues remain to be worked on. The current position of environmental

leadership can be further improved by careful selection of future goals and

the clear communication of the intent and need for continuous quality

improvement in environmental protection and stewardship. All members

of HKUST will continue their effort to achieve further environmental goals.

This first HKUST Environmental Report is a status report, and is intended to

provide guidance so that we can consolidate our effort, and take the HKUST

environmental protection program to a new height in the coming years.

32


1999-2000

Examples of CurrentEnvironment-related ResearchProjects (at End of 2000)

Project Title

Indoor Air Quality

Quantification Of Volatile Organic Compound Emission Sources From

Mechanically Ventilated Buildings

Research And Quality Control Support For An Air Quality Survey For Nineteen

Covered Public Transport Interchanges In Hong Kong

Updating And Maintenance Of The Cooling Tower Geographical Information

System

IAQ Environmental Study

Development Of A Ventilation Control Strategy To Minimize Accumulation Of

Radon In Commercial Buildings Using Carbon Dioxide For Ventilation Control

Development Of An Advanced Ventilation Technology R&D Facility In Hong

Kong And China

Waste Treatment/Reduction

Toughening Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) From Soft Drink

Bottles With Functionalized Thermoplastic Elastomers

Environmental Applications Of Mesoporous Silica With Engineered Pore

Structure And Tailored Chemistry

Remediation Of The Aquatic And Atmospheric Environments By Advanced

Oxidation

Biodegradable Polymer Blends And Their Degradation Kinetics By Soil

Microorganisms

Production Of Pollution Treatment Chemicals From Seafood Shell Waste

Integrated Co-Combustion Cement Production Facility For Optimum Energy

Usage And Waste Minimization

Developing A Targeting And Optimisation Approach For Minimising

Wastewater From Process Industries

Environmental Toxicology

Metabolism Of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins In Mammalian Systems

Development Of A Simple And Rapid Toxicity Bioassay For Paralytic Shellfish

Toxins And Ciguatoxins In Seafoods

Development Of Sediment Toxicity Test Protocols Using Local Species

Provision Of Service For Study Of Physiological Response Of The Polychaete,

Capitella Capitata

Studies On Important Toxicants In Coastal Waters Of Hong Kong: A Risk

Assessment Approach

Environmental Chemistry

Ultra-Sensitive Determination Of Cyanide In Coral Reef Fishes

Chemical Analysis Of Water Soluble Organic Compounds In Atmospheric

Particles

Development Of An Aerosol Nitrogen Analyzer

Dept Principal Investigator

MECH CHAO, Christopher Y H






MECH WU, Jingshen

CENG YEUNG, King Lun

CENG YUE, Po Lock

CENG YU, Jian

CENG MCKAY, Gordon

CENG MCKAY, Gordon

CENG HUI, Chi Wai

BIOL HSIEH, Dennis P H


BIOL QIAN, Peiyuan

BIOL QIAN, Peiyuan


CHEM RENNEBERG, Reinhard

CHEM YU, Jianzhen

CHEM YU, Jianzhen

33


Project Title

Environmental Chemistry

Green Chemistry: Development Of Environmentally Benign Aqueous

Polymerization Systems For The Synthesis Of Amphiphilic Polyacetylenes With

Biocompatibility

Sampling And Determination Of Carbonyls In Air

Air Pollution

Provision Of Service For The Study Of Acid Rain In Hong Kong

Mobile Real-Time Air Monitoring Platform (MAP)

The Role Of Water-Soluble Organic Compounds (WSOC) On The Hygroscopic

Growth Of Atmospheric Aerosols

The Acidity And Gas-Particle Interactions Of PM2.5 Aerosols In HK

Air Treatment

Photocatalytic Treatment Of Air

Deodorization Of Indoor Air By VUV

Weather

Establishment Of A Real-Time Coupled Coastal Ocean-Atmosphere Prediction

System (COAPS) For The Pearl River Estuary And Southern China

Operational Windshear Warning System (Owws)

Investigation Of Issues In Intensity-Duration Relationships And Time Scale

Dependence Of Rainstorms In Hong Kong

Water Quality

A Study On Improvement Of River Water Quality Using Attached Media

A Drinking Water Research Program-Improving Pollutant Removal At

Treatment Facility & Assessing Quality Variations From Source To

Consumption

Waste Water Treatment

A Cascade Solar Powered Photocatalytic Reactor For Wastewater Treatment

Oscillatory Flow Photocatalytic Reactor (Ofpr)

A Systematic Experimental Study Of Wastewater Treatment By Catalytic

Oxidation

A Novel Photocatalytic System With An Aerogel Matrix Of Nanometer-Sized

Catalyst Particles For The Removal Of Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs)

A Preliminary Study Of Continuous Wastewater Treatment By Catalytic Wet

Oxidation In A Trickle Bed Reactor

Study On The Corrosion Effect Due To Increase Of Sewage Salinity In

Wastewater At Various Sewage Treatment Works

Feasibility Study Of Ozone Disinfection For Strategic Sewage Disposal

Scheme Stage I


CHEM TANG, Benzhong

CHEM YU, Jianzhen

IESD FANG, Ming

IESD FANG, Ming

CENG CHAN, Chak Keung


CENG YUE, Po Lock

CENG YUE, Po Lock

CCAR CHEN, Jay Chung

CCAR CHEN, Jay Chung

CIVL TUNG, Yeou-Koung

CIVL CHEN, Guanghao

CIVL HUANG, Howard J C


CENG YUE, Po Lock

CENG HU, Xijun

CENG YUE, Po Lock

CENG HU, Xijun

CENG YUE, Po Lock

CENG YUE, Po Lock

34


1999-2000

Project Title

Waste Water Treatment

Development Of An Approach To The Determination Of Waste Oil

Novel Membranes For Wastewater Treatment By Enhanced Pervaporation

And Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation

Minimization Of Sludge Production Through Energy Uncoupling In An

Activated Sludge Process

Effects Of Total Metal Concentration And Hexavalent Chromium On

Nucleated Precipitation Of Heavy Metals

Soil And Groundwater

Accelerated Inorganic Contaminant Transport Through Low Permeability Soil

Materials

Laboratory- And Full- Scale Study Of Permeable Reactive Barriers For Removal

Of Chlorinated Solvents In Groundwater

Investigation Of The Subsurface Contamination And The Effectiveness Of

Remediation Technologies Using Geotechnical Centrifuge Techniques

Others

Emerging High Impact Area Of Environment

Promotion Of Environmental Protection Awareness In Quality Education

Marine And Coastal Environment

Identification And Qualification Of Macrobenthic Samples

Dietary Uptake Of Major Metal Contaminants In Fishes Of Hong Kong Coastal

Waters

Geochemical And Physiological Controls Of Metal Bioavailability From

Contaminated Sediments In Marine Benthic Invertebrates

Larval Settlement And Metamorphosis Of Biofouling Invertebrates: Roles Of

Biofilm And Chemical Cues

Metal Bioaccumulation In Marine Bivalves From Hong Kong Coastal Waters

Molecular Probes For Red-Tide Forming Dinoflagellates Found In Hong Kong

Biodiversity Of Marine Fishes In Hong Kong Waters

Tai O Sheltered Boat Anchorage -Environmental And Drainage Impact

Assessment

Seabed Benthic Ecology Studies

Environmental Monitoring And Audit For Contaminated Mud At East Of Sha

Chau

Ecological Monitoring For Uncontaminated Mud Disposal

Environmental Monitoring For SDDS Stage 1 - Baseline Monitoring And

Performance Verification Trawling Surveys


CENG YUE, Po Lock

CENG YUE, Po Lock

CIVL CHEN, Guanghao

CIVL HUANG, Howard J C

CIVL LO, Irene M C

CIVL LO, Irene M C

CIVL LO, Irene M C

CENG YUE, Po Lock

BIOL YU, Albert C H

BIOL QIAN, Peiyuan

BIOL NI, I Hsun

BIOL WANG, Wenxiong

BIOL QIAN, Peiyuan

BIOL WANG, Wenxiong

BIOL WONG, Joseph T Y

BIOL NI, I Hsun

BIOL NI, I Hsun

BIOL QIAN, Peiyuan

BIOL QIAN, Peiyuan

BIOL QIAN, Peiyuan

BIOL NI, I Hsun

envrpt - archives.ust.hk

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