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EPA/NOAA/NASA Air Quality & Climate Change:
Research & Applications————
Sept. 14-16, 2004
Sun-Earth Systems
Phil DeCola, NASA Research-Atmospheric CompositionLawrence Friedl, NASA Applied Sciences-Air Quality
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Sun-Earth Science Research Areas
Atmospheric Composition - provide direct observations of trace constituents and aerosols with previously unmatched vertical and temporal resolution and use in global models.
Climate Variability - provide improved characterization of direct aerosol forcing of climate & indirect forcing due to aerosol impacts on cloud properties.
Weather Research - provide improved knowledge of how atmospheric composition affects cloud formation, and also how zone observations can be used to improve weather forecasts
Ecosystems & Carbon Cycle
Water & Energy Cycle
Solid Earth Science
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitation
Reflection and TransmissionSurface Temperature
EvaporationCurrents
Upwelling
CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitation
Reflection and TransmissionSurface Temperature
EvaporationCurrents
Upwelling
InfiltrationRunoff
Nutrient LoadingSurface Temperature
Currents
InfiltrationRunoff
Nutrient LoadingSurface Temperature
Currents
Surface WindsPrecipitation
Reflection and TransmissionEvaporation
TranspirationSurface Temperature
Surface WindsPrecipitation
Reflection and TransmissionEvaporation
TranspirationSurface Temperature
Land
Ocean
Atmosphere
Studying Earth as a Complex System
Spaceborne Earth Observation Systems
Terra
Aqua
Grace
QuikScatSage
SeaWindsTRMM
Toms-EP
UARS
Landsat 7
SORCE
ACRIMSAT
EO-1
TOPEX/Poseidon
SeaWiFS
ERBS
Jason
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Research Priorities
Atmospheric Composition• Aura • CloudSat/CALIPSO • Temporal & Spatial observations (MEO, GEO, L1/L2)• INTEX
Climate Change• CCSP priorities: Synthesis and assessment reports• IPCC
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
NASA Applications: Notional Approach
Agencies with Decision Support toolsNASA and Research Partners
Data
Earth Science Models
Land Oceans Atmosphere Coupled
Earth Observatories
SatelliteAirborneIn Situ
Decision Support Tools
AssessmentsDecision-Support SystemsScenario Analysis
“Integrated System Solutions”
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Ecological Forecasting
AgriculturalEfficiency
Air Quality
Invasive Species
Aviation
Energy Management
CarbonManagement
Public Health WaterManagement
Homeland Security
Disaster Management
Coastal Management
Applications of National Priority
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
AgriculturalEfficiency
Air Quality
Invasive SpeciesHomeland Security
Disaster Management
Coastal Management
Applications of National Priority
Application Program Activities
- Evaluate potential for NASA Earth science products; determine partner interest
- Develop prototype products with partners; verify and validate ability or integration of Earth science products
- Document performance
- Support transition of products or techniques
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Air Quality Management
FY05+
- Increase focus on application of physical atmosphere and land-cover characteristics (obs. & model products)
- Aura data products
- Explore opportunities with: - WRF - Aerosols in CMAQ- O3 in forecasts- WRAP fire inventory
- Complete transition of PM data fusion technique
AQ Program Activities
- Forecasting - Planning- Compliance- Emission Inventory
Budget: ~$2.0 M (full cost)
FY03/04- Successful prototype of data fusion
technique for MODIS PM to support forecasting (NOAA, EPA, CIMSS). Transition in work.
- Work on O3 assimilations (EP-TOMS, GOES) for CMAQ boundary conditions
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Project Solicitation
Decision Support through Earth Science Results
Announcement: research.hq.nasa.gov/code_y/open.cfm
Solicitation Released Sept. 17th
Step 1 (Pre-Proposal) due Oct. 22nd
Step 2 (Final) Proposal due Dec. 17th
Proposals invited in two areas:-- Projects to integrate Earth science results into applications of national
priority, demonstrate prototypes, document performance. Integrate through existing/developing decision support tools.
-- Projects to improve ability of Earth science organizations to identify and harness results of Earth science research. Primarily a “network-development” type of activity.
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Workshop Objectives
Research-- Integrated requirements for research and decision support
Applications-- Identify interagency priorities on air quality applications (use of satellite
observations and model outputs)-- support near & long-term program planning and budgeting efforts-- guide selection of projects received through “Decisions” solicitation
-- Project ideas for increasing role of satellite obs./model products of physical atmosphere characteristics and land-cover
-- Issues and problems associated with access, use, etc. of observations-- Opportunities to engage more non-Federal organizations and air quality
decision tools/processes
Combined priorities to present to the respective agencies, the community, and CENR AQRS
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Backup Slides
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Data
DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS VALUE & BENEFITSEARTH SYSTEM MODELS
EARTH OBSERVATIONS
Air QualityIntegrated System Solution
Observations
Predictions
• Aerosol Transport: GOCART• Global-Regional Assimiliations:
RAQMS• Atmopsheric Chemistry: GEOS-
CHEM• Emissions: SMOKE• Meteorology: MM5• Air Trajectories: NOAA-Hysplit4
• Aerosols: Terra, Aqua, TOMS, Aura, Aeronet, AIRNow, INTEX, CALIPSO, Glory
• Ozone & Precursors: TOMS, Aura, SAGE III, AIRNow, INTEX
• Trace Gases: Terra, Aqua, OCO• Clouds: Terra, Aqua, CloudSAT,
Calipso• Land Use/Cover: Terra, Aqua,
Landsat• Atmospheric Parameters: GOES,
POES, GIFTS, NPP, NPOESS
• Atmospheric state parameters
• Global-to-regional concentrations
• Emissions inventories• Regional-Global
transport• Trace Gas Sources• Aerosol properties• Ozone profiles &
columns• Global-regional
boundary conditions• Data fusion techniques• Ground-satellite data
comparison techniques
CMAQ (Community Mulit-Scale Air Quality modeling system)
AIRNow & AQI (Air Quality Index)
• Assess emissions control strategies
• Develop achievable SIPs(State Implementation Plan)
• Waivers to air standards
• Forecast transport of dust/pollutants
• PM2.5 forecasts
• Reduce lung-related diseases & premature death
• Reduce hospital admissions & use of medicines
• Reduce lost workdays and schooldays
• Improve visibility and reduce haze for tourism
• Improve resiliency of crops; increase yields
• Increase confidence in government
• Improve crop estimates
• Sensitive populations can change activities
International Treaties
WRF &
Air Quality Forecasts
Emissions Inventories
September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj
Mosaic Energy, water fluxesCENTURY Land change/carbonVolQuake Seismicity
HSPF Nutrient transportANIMO Soil nitrogen cyclePRMS Precipitation run-off
MAESTRO Canopy biomass
Catchment LSMSoil Moisture
Transport
LANDGTEC
Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Atmosphere
CAM/CCM Global climateGISS GCM Climate change
BEIS Biogenic emissionsMSISE Density, temperature
VAFTAD Volcanic ashPRECIS Regional climate
ATMOSPHERE
MM5Mesoscale
Meteorology
Aries/GEOSAtmos. GCM
ROMS Regional circulationMOM3 Multi-scale oceanCSIM4 Sea-iceNWW3 Global/regional waves
BOM Coastal & shelf seasGOTM Turbulence & mixing
OCEANS/ICE
Poseidon, HYCOMOcean GCM
LOIS Land-OceanHadCM3 Ocean-Atmosphere
COLA Atmosphere-Land/BiosphereZEUS, CCSM Land-Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere
COUPMODEL Soil-Plant-Atmosphere
COUPLED MODELS
AOMAtmosphere-Ocean
Integrating Earth System Models