epoch 1000 series procedure linear scan and c-scan
TRANSCRIPT
EPOCH 1000 Series ProcedureLinear Scan and C-scan
Presentation Contents Feature Overview
Beam Setup and Calibration: 0 Degree Linear Scan
Demonstration Procedure: 0 Degree Linear Scan
Beam Setup and Calibration: Angle Linear Scan
Demonstration Procedure: Angle Linear Scan
Beam Setup and Calibration: 0 Degree C-scan
Demonstration Procedure: 0 Degree C-scan
C-scan Setup: A-scan Storage and View
Feature Overview
Linear Scan and the EPOCH 1000i Linear Scanning is available as an option on the EPOCH 1000i instrument
– Ordering Information: EP1000I-ECSCAN (U8140141)
Linear Scans utilize a group of elements in a phased array probe to acquire multiple A-scans from the area under the probe
– The number of elements in a group is less than the total number of elements of the probe
– The A-scans are usually captured in sequence to provide an image of the area under the probe at one fixed angle
A common example is using a 64 element probe to pulse groups of 16 elements at a time
– 16 elements is known as the aperture of the scan
– Image is created by firing elements 1-16, then 2-17, then 3-18, etc
NOTE: For full linear scan theory, see the Linear Scan overview at http://www.olympus-ims.com/en/ndt-tutorials/instrumententation/sscan/
Linear Scan and C-scan Linear scanning allows the user to create a fixed-angle image the same size as
the probe width in one dimension
This is called an electronic scan because the pulsing sequence can create an image without physically moving the transducer
By moving the transducer perpendicular to the electronic scan acquisition, the EPOCH 1000i allows the user to create a C-scan image
– Combines mechanical scan and electronic scan
The EPOCH 1000i only offers manual C-scan, not encoded
Probe Compatibility The EPOCH 1000i is compatible with probes with up
to 64 elements
This 64 element compatibility is available on every EPOCH 1000i shipped in the past or future
The 64 element probe marketed with the EPOCH 1000i is the A12 style weld probe series transducer: 5L64-38.4X10-A12-P-2.5-OM (U8330593)
Other 64 element probes may be used after the wedge information is manually entered using the wedge/probe EDIT tool
Linear Scan and C-scan Sales Strategy Even with linear scan and/or C-scan capabilities, the EPOCH 1000i is still a
manual inspection instrument
Manual C-scans help provide information about a wide area of the test piece quickly through imaging, but still requires the user to manually prove up a potential defect
Target markets are:– Corrosion mapping– Delaminations in composites, plastics and other materials (aerospace)– Bond/Disbond applications– Weld inspection (fixed angle Linear scan at 45, 60 or 70)– Crack Detection (fixed angle Linear scan at 45, 60 or 70)
Beam Setup and Calibration:0 Degree Linear Scan
Required Equipment
Test Block– EP1000-PABLOCK-1 Phase Array
Aluminum Demo Block Couplant
– D-12 Gel Type couplant
Transducer and Wedge– 5L64-38.4X10-A12-P-2.5-OM
64 element PA probe
– SA12-0L wedge
Beam Setup Tool After attaching the 5L64-A12 probe, the Beam Setup menu should automatically
open– In the row Scan Type, select Linear Scan– Select the SA12-0L wedge from the wedge ID list– Adjust other parameters as below
Linear Scan Calibration
The calibration method for linear scans is nearly identical to standard calibrations.
Calibrate Velocity Calibrate Wedge Delay Calibrate Sensitivity
To initially set up the instrument for calibration:
Place the PA Demo Block on its side (flat bottom holes facing down)
Set RANGE to 2.000” Set GAIN to ~8.0 dB Set INDEX to 28
Velocity CalibrationTo calibrate for velocity:
Position the probe facing through a clean 1.000” thickness of the PA Demo Block
Set the Gate1 start and width to capture the first backwall indication
Under the PA Cal group, select the CAL Velocity Calibration mode
Press [P1] (Depth 1) to enter the first known thickness (1.000”) and press [Check] (Continue)
Position Gate 1 to read the second backwall indication
Press [P2] (Depth 2) to enter the second known thickness (2.000”) and press [Check] (Continue)
Wedge Delay CalibrationTo calibrate for wedge delay:
Position the probe facing through a clean 1.000” thickness of the PA Demo Block
Set the Gate1 start and width to capture the first backwall indication
Under the PA Cal group, select the CAL Zero Calibration mode
Press [P1] (Start) to enter the known thickness (1.000”) and press [Check] (Continue)
All required thickness measurements are capturedfrom the single backwall indication (some movement of the probe may be required)
Press [P2] (Done) to accept the measurements and complete the calibration
Sensitivity CalibrationTo calibrate for sensitivity:
Position the probe facing through a clean 1.000” thickness of the PA Demo Block
Set the Gate1 start and width to capture the first backwall indication
Under the PA Cal group, select the CAL GAIN Calibration mode
Press [P1] (Add) to begin the calibration process
All required amplitude measurements are capturedfrom the single backwall indication (some movement of the probe may be required)
Press [P2] (Done) to accept the measurements and complete the calibration
Completed Calibration
Demonstration Procedure:0 Degree Linear Scan
Zero Degree Demonstration Setup Place the PA Demo Block on its side with the three flat bottom holes (FBH) facing down
Place the 64 element probe on top of the block in the middle of the block, spanning the 3” height of the block
Set RANGE to 1.000”
Slide the transducer over the FBHs
Each FBH will appear individually (in succession)– Smallest will be closest to backwall reflection and show a lower overall amplitude response
– Largest will be closest to midwall and show a larger amplitude response
Zero Degree FBH Reflections
Small FBH
Large FBH
Backwall Reflection
Backwall Drop Out
Zero Degree FBH Reflections (cont.)
Rotate the probe 90 degrees so that the length of the probe is in line with the longest length of the block
Position the probe over the three FBHs
All three holes can be seen on screen at the same time at varying depths and amplitudes
Linear Scan Sizing Cursors
Since a zero degree linear scan shows true depth of flaws, as well as providing an electronic scan of indexes that properly scale the imaged defects, phased array sizing cursors can be used to establish sizing of flaws that are visible on screen
Press the FREEZE key
Use the PA Cursors group menu to adjust X and Y cursor positions
– P1 and P4 toggle the X and Y cursors ON and OFF
– P2, P3, P5, and P6 adjust cursor positions
To find the HEIGHT of the FBH– Position the Y1 cursor to intersect the peak
amplitude of the FBH indication
– Position the Y2 cursor to intersect the peak amplitude of the backwall indication
– Use the Y2-Y1 digital measurement to establish the height of the FBH
Y1 Cursor Y2 Cursor
Linear Scan Sizing Cursors (cont.)
Since a zero degree linear scan shows true depth of flaws, as well as providing an electronic scan of indexes that properly scale the imaged defects, phased array sizing cursors can be used to establish sizing of flaws that are visible on screen
To find the WIDTH of the FBH– Position the X1 cursor to intersect the
yellow amplitude area to the left of the FBH indication (-6dB point of image)
– Position the X2 cursor to intersect the yellow amplitude area to the right of the backwall indication (-6dB point of image)
– Use the X2-X1 digital measurement to establish the width of the FBH
X1 Cursor X2 Cursor
Beam Setup and Calibration:Angle Linear Scan
Required Equipment
Test Block– TB7541-1 IIW Block
– EP1000-PABLOCK-1 Phase Array Aluminum Demo Block
Couplant– D-12 Gel Type couplant
Transducer and Wedge– 5L64-38.4X10-A12-P-2.5-OM 64 element
PA probe
– SA12-N55S wedge
Beam Setup Tool After attaching the 5L64-A12 probe, the Beam Setup menu should automatically
open– In the row Scan Type, select Linear Scan– Select the SA12-N55S wedge from the wedge ID list– Set the Angle to 45 degrees– Adjust other parameters as below
Linear Scan Calibration
The calibration method for linear scans is nearly identical to standard calibrations.
Calibrate Velocity Calibrate Wedge Delay Calibrate Sensitivity
To initially set up the instrument for calibration:
Set RANGE to 9.200” Set GAIN to ~14.0 dB Set INDEX to 20
Velocity CalibrationTo calibrate for velocity:
Position the probe facing the radius of the IIW block
Peak up the radius reflection at Index 20
Set the Gate1 start and width to capture the 4.000” radius indication
Under the PA Cal group, select the CAL Velocity Calibration mode
Press [P1] (Depth 1) to enter the first known soundpath (4.000”) and press [Check] (Continue)
Position Gate 1 to read the 9.000” backwall indication and increase gain as necessary
Press [P2] (Depth 2) to enter the second known soundpath (9.000”) and press [Check] (Continue)
Wedge Delay CalibrationTo calibrate for wedge delay:
Position the probe facing the radius of the IIW block
Set the Gate1 start and width to capture the 4.000” radius indication
Under the PA Cal group, select the CAL Zero Calibration mode– Stay in Soundpath calibration mode
Press [P1] (Start) to enter the known soundpath (4.000”) and press [Check] (Continue)
Move the probe forward and backward to acquiremeasurements across all index points
Press [P2] (Done) to accept the measurements and complete the calibration
Sensitivity CalibrationTo calibrate for sensitivity:
Position the probe facing the small side drilled hole of the IIW block
Set RANGE to 2.500” and INDEX to 0
Set the Gate1 start and width to capture the SDH reflection across all index points
Peak up the SDH signal at index 0
Under the PA Cal group, select the CAL GAIN Calibration mode
Press [P1] (Add) to begin the calibration process
Move the probe backward and forward to acquireamplitude measurements from the SDH
Press [P2] (Done) to accept the measurements and complete the calibration
Completed Calibration
Demonstration Procedure:Angle Linear Scan
45 Degree Demonstration Setup Place the probe on top of the PA Demo Block on the opposite side from the cluster of
SDHs
Set RANGE to 5.000”
Slide the probe across the top of the block
Each SDH will appear individually and move horizontally across the screen at varying depths
The cluster of SDHs will be visible at a depth of around 3.000”
45 Degree SDH Reflections
1 inch deep SDH
½ inch deep SDH
Cluster of SDHs
45 Degree Notch Reflections
Lay the PA Demo Block on its side with the FBHs facing down
Set RANGE to 3.000”
In the PA Probe group, use the BEAM tool to set the THICKNESS to 1.000”
Orient the probe so that the length of the probe is in line with the longest length of the block, facing the notches
45 Degree Notch Reflections (cont.) Move the probe forward and backward along the length of the block to detect
the corner trap of each notch– The corner trap will occur along the first leg indicator on screen
Position the probe so the probe front is just over the edge of the block and the side of the probe is aligned with the long edge of the block containing the notches
– Two reflections appear» Corner trap of notch
» Corner trap of edge
Move the probe from the side of the block to the middle– The notch corner trap drops out– The edge corner trap remains
45 Degree Notch Reflections (cont.)
Probe Position 1
Probe Position 2
1 2
Beam Setup and Calibration:0 Degree C-scan
Required Equipment
Test Block– EP1000-PABLOCK-1 Phase Array
Aluminum Demo Block Couplant
– D-12 Gel Type couplant
Transducer and Wedge– 5L64-38.4X10-A12-P-2.5-OM
64 element PA probe
– SA12-0L wedge
Beam Setup Tool After setting up the Linear Scan settings in the Beam setup tool, the operator
can also create settings for an associated C-scan– In the row Scan Type, select C-Scan– Adjust other parameters as below– NOTE: A-scan setup is covered in a subsequent section
Zero Degree C-scan Calibration
The calibration method for Linear C-scans is nearly identical to standard calibrations
Calibrate Velocity Calibrate Wedge Delay Calibrate Sensitivity
To initially set up the instrument for calibration:
In the C-scan group, press [P1] (Screen) Select A/L Vert Follow the procedure to calibrate a zero degree linear scan
C-scan Interface Overview
The C-scan group has several controls to set up the information acquired during a Linear scan C-scan:
SCREEN: Single or combination view of Cscan, Linear Scan, Ascan, etc
MODE: Starts or Stops the Cscan acquisition
SOURCE (P3): Measurement source for Cscan (either Amplitude or Depth)*
NEW SCAN: Clears current scan and begins a new scan
BEST FIT: Stretches the image to fill the screen
SOURCE (P6): Measurement gate used to acquire Cscan image*
*All source data is acquired regardless of setting, allowing the user to review other source data after the scan is complete.
Demonstration Procedure:0 Degree C-scan
Zero Degree C-scan Demonstration Setup Place the PA Demo Block on its side with the three flat bottom holes (FBH) facing down
Place the 64 element probe on top of the block in the middle of the block, spanning the 3” height of the block
Set RANGE to 1.000”
Turn Gate 2 ON
Set up the Gate start positions and widths as shown
Set SOURCE (P3) to Amplitude
Set SOURCE (P4) to Gate 1
Zero Degree FBH C-scan
Position the probe over the area with flat bottom holes (FBHs)
Press the [P2] (Mode) key and toggle to START
Slowly move the probe towards the edge of the block
After acquiring C-scan, use the [P2] (Mode) key to STOP the C-scan acquisition
Zero Degree FBH C-scan (cont.)
Live A-scan (even when Mode = STOP)
Amplitude C-scan of 3 FBHs
Linear Scan Axis (properly scaled)
Timed Scan Axis (NOT properly scaled)
Stored Source Data
After acquiring a C-scan, the user can adjust both SOURCE parameters to view other relevant C-scan data
Gate 1
Gate 2
Am
plitu
de Depth
C-scan Setup: A-scan Storage and View
A-scan Setup
Scan Direction: C-scan orientation
Save A-scan: Similar to A-scan storage for EPOCH XT B-scan– No Storage: No A-scan saved for reporting– Store on Alarm: Stores compressed A-scan whenever a Gate alarm is triggered
during C-scan acquisition– Store All: Stores all compressed A-scans during C-scan acquisition (limit TBD)
Active A-scan: Determines the mode of the live A-scan– Composite: Single A-scan view compositing all apertures into one view
» Index selection not available because all indexes are represented in live view
– Aperture: A-scan representing only the active aperture » User must select index in live screen