er: extensive reading/effective reading
DESCRIPTION
Extensive Reading (in a foreign language) can be a wonderful way to practice reading. It also increases vocabulary, grammar, and listening and speaking ability. And learners enjoy the experience while the make progress. This is a highly visual PPT introduction to ER,TRANSCRIPT
ER: Extensive
Reading/Effective Reading
© 2014 Marc Helgesen [email protected] be used for not-for-profit educational purposes but please acknowledge the source.
Look at the notes for the slides for extra information. This version was modified to use in Indonesia. Some pictures were altered for modesty out of respect for the audience. If anything is not appropriate for your audience, feel free to modify it.
Most artwork from www.clipart.comUsed with permission.
Extensive Reading
Marc Helgesen© 2013
OK to use for non-commercial
purposes
E R
Extensive Reading
Effective Reading
reading a lot of easy, enjoya
ble books.
ER:
All you can…
Which gives pleasure long-term?And which is actually good for you?
Intensive Extensive
Slow FastSkill building Fluency building (skim, scan, study)
Test focus Pleasure focus
Intensive Extensive
Intensive Extensive
Intensive Extensive
Intensive Extensive
Intensive Extensive
Intensive Extensive
Intensive Extensive
Intensive Extens e
Slow FastSkill building Fluency building
Test focus Pleasure focus
Many classes lack
balance
Many classes lack
balance
What is
Extensive
Reading?
reading a lot of easy, enjoya
ble books.
ER:
The benefits of ER
Increasedreading
ability
IncreasedReading
ability
The benefits of ER
+ affect & motivation
IncreasedReading
ability
The benefits of ER
+ vocabulary
• Increased affect/motivation»
Elley ‘91, Cho & Krashen ’94, Rodrigo ‘95
• Improved vocabulary» Rodrigo ‘95, Haifiz & Tudor ’90,
• Improved listening ability IncreasedReading
ability
The benefits of ER
+ listening ability
IncreasedReading
ability + speaking ability
The benefits of ER
IncreasedReading
ability + spelling
The benefits of ER
IncreasedReading
ability
The benefits of ER
facilitates acquisition
The benefits of ER.
Your love life improves. Your skin clears up.You win the lottery.
You find the meaning of life. Or at least you could read about those things.
You lose weight.
reading a lot of easy, enjoya
ble books.
ER:
reading a lot of easy, enjoya
ble books.
ER:
reading Time spent reading.
not answering questionswriting reportstranslating
reading a lot of easy, enjoya
ble books.
ER:
a lot
a lot
reading a lot of easy, enjoya
ble books.
ER:
The macho maxim of reading
No reading pain,no reading gain.No reading pain,no reading gain.
ER
Easy is good
It is just like..
If the books are too difficult, it isn’t extensive reading.
Standing in a garage
does not make you a car.does not make you a car.
Easy is good
Easy is good
EasyComprehensible input (Krashen)
i + 1
Reading fluency level (Day)
i minus 1
Easy
…builds speed…builds fluency
…builds understanding
The need for speed
When
you
read
slowly,
one
word
at
a
time,
as
you
are
doing
now,
it
is
easy
to
understand
the
meaning
of
each
word,
but
it
is
very
difficult
to
understand
the
real
meaning
of
the
text.
When you read slowly, one word at a time,as you are doing now, it is easy to understand the meaning of each word, but it is very difficult to understand the real meaning of the text.
The need for speed
Read slowly
Don’t enjoyreading
Don’tread much
Don’tunderstandmuch
Read faster
Enjoy reading
Readmore
Understandmore
Note to teachers:“The need for speed” isAvailable in these languages atwwwerfoundation.org
EnglishArabicBahasaItalianJapaneseKoreanSpanish
How fast?
Based on the review of literatureon the issue of adequate readingrates, I have set class goals at 200 words per minute. This has proven to be a reasonable goal to
work toward without being too overwhelming to students. - Neil Anderson Brigham Young University Past President, TESOL
Easy is good
reading a lot of easy, enjoya
ble books.
ER:
enjoyable Their interests
Self-selectedLike L1 reading
reading a lot of easy, enjoya
ble books.
ER:
books How do we
bring the booksback to class?
SSRSustained
Silent Reading (You too.)
SSRSit
Still & Read
Instant book reportI read (am reading) a book called ____.It's a(n) _______________ (mystery, science fiction book,
love story, detective story, etc.)
It's about ______________.The main characters are ____________.
(names, jobs, personalities)
In the story, there was a problem. ____.
I liked/didn't like it because _______.
Marc’s note to teachers: if you are going to present this, I suggest you replace the previous slide with one about a book you’ve read recently.
• Thni
Thinktime
Thinktime
Thinktime
Thinktime
What do I want to say?
How will I say it?
Instant book reportI read (am reading) a book called ____.It's a(n) _______________ (mystery, science fiction book,
love story, detective story, etc.)
It's about ______________.The main characters are ____________.
(names, jobs, personalities)
In the story, there was a problem. ____.
I liked/didn't like it because _______.
Show a picture
Explain it.Partners, ask (5)question.
My top five• What are the five best books you read this term/year? Why?
My teacher Romeo
Myself Juliet
Want thesetask sheets?
Dictation
tinyurl.com/MHExRead
What about assessment?
ER is for reading practice.It isn’t always necessary
to assess them.
- Rob Waring
Mental Rehearsal
Practice:speak silently or softly
Barrett’s TaxonomyLevels of comprehension
1 Literal (lowest)
2 Reorganization 3 Inference 4 Evaluation 5 Appreciation
A few questions about questions:
What arewe testing,
really?
Reading Comprehension Check:
The glorfs drebbled quarfly.
Reading Comprehension Check:
The glorfs drebbled quarfly.
Q1a. (grammar analysis)Which word is the subject?
A: glorfs
Reading Comprehension Check:
The glorfs drebbled quarfly.
Q1b. (grammar analysis)Which is the verb?
A: drebbled
Reading Comprehension Check:
The glorfs drebbled quarfly.
Q1c. (grammar analysis)What is the tense?
A: past (simple)
Reading Comprehension Check:
The glorfs drebbled quarfly.
Q1d. (grammar analysis)What part of speech is
“quarfly”?
A: adverb
Reading Comprehension Check:
The glorfs drebbled quarfly.
Q2. (meaning-based)What did the glorfs do?
A: They drebbled.
Reading Comprehension Check:
The glorfs drebbled quarfly.
Q3. (meaning-based)How did they do it?
A: Quarfly.
Congratulations
You correctly answeredquestions about a sentencethat has NO meaning.
Mental Rehearsal
Practice:speak silently or softly
Barrett’s TaxonomyLevels of comprehension
1 Literal (lowest)
2 Reorganization 3 Inference 4 Evaluation 5 Appreciation
Reading notebooksMy Reading
Reading for pleasureReaction Report - Basic
Include: • what the book was about • what you thought of it)
Write quickly.10 minutes or less.
What happened?------------------Your opinion:
Good Average Poor Good Average Poor
Reading for pleasureReaction Report – Draw a picture
1. Draw a picture of a scene from the story. Don’t copy a picture. Draw one from your imagination.
------------------2. Explain your picture. What is happening? What happened before this picture? What happened next?
3. Your opinion. What did you think of the book? Good Average Poor
A few questions about questions:
When do students see
the questions?
YOU THINK YOU’RE PRETTY SHARP. DON’T YOU
You may not be as sharp as you think
How many points were
on the badge?
FourEight SixWhat’s the point?
How many points were
on the badge?
Six
The answer:
Who is taller?
The purple clay figureThe white clay figure The yellow clay figureYour boss
Who is taller?
The white clay figure
The answer:
Who nods first?
The white clay figureThe yellow clay figure Neither They both nod at the
same time
Who nods first?
They both nod at the same time
The answer:
Was the time on the watch
accurate? Yes There was no watchWe have no
way of knowingYes, but only on
the west coast
Was the timeon the watch
accurate?
There was no watch
The answer:
A question about questions:
When do students see
the questions?
Before they read
Reaction Report - Your own questions
Before you read. Look through the book. Find 3 pictures. Write a different question about each. Write 3 questions.)• page Q1:
• page Q2:
------------------Your opinion:
Good Average Poor
After you read, answer your questions Reaction Report: What was the book about?
What happened?
Reaction Report - The story and you
Think about the story. What happened?What was the same as your life? Your character? Your dreams? What is different?. The story. My life.
------------------Your opinion:
Good Average Poor
Reaction Report - The story and you
Think about the story. What happened?What was the same as your life? Your character? Your dreams? What is different?. The story. My life.
------------------Your opinion:
Good Average Poor
How did you learn to read?
Extensive Reading & Listening
Use theCD/Mp3
Extensive Reading & Listening
Dramatic reading
Extensive Reading & Listening
Marc’s noteto teachers: For the next slide, I do a
dramatic reading as an example.
The next side is for Hitchcock’s Psycho.
Extensive Reading & Listening
Dramatic reading
Extensive Reading & Listening
Use theCD/Mp3
Extensive Reading & Listening
DVDsEnglish with
English subtitles
Extensive Reading & Listening
Extensive Reading & Listeningon the web
Music videos Youtube: lyrics
Music:videos & Google: “song title” lyrics
Internet resouceser-central.comvoanews.com
bbc.co.uk
3 Rules for ER
1. No dictionaries.2. If you don’t know a word, ignore
it.3. If it’s boring, stop reading.
Sakai KunihiroDenki Tsushin Univ., Tokyo
1. No dictionariesThey cause frustration.They don’t help you remember.
Choose books you can enjoy without a dictionary!
The baseball rule
Strike #1. Don’t worry.
Just skip it.
The baseball rule
Strike #2. Guess.
The baseball rule
Strike #3. Look it up in
your dictionary.
2. If you don’t know a word, ignore it!
Concentrate on what you DO know.Read faster, and read more.
Choose books you can enjoy skipping through!
3. If it’s boring, stop readingDon’t try too hard.There are many other books.Stop reading. Chose a different book.
www.erfoundation.org
Free. Available in
several languages.
DIY – Do it yourself. • Think of the ideas from today’s workshop.
• How will you use them in a class next week?
Comedian Groucho Marx:
- Groucho Marx
Outside of a dog, a book is man’s best friend.
a person’s
Inside a dog, It’s too dark to read
Why ER?Research is clear.
Statistics are convincing.Methodology is valid.
Research is clear. Statistics are convincing.Methodology is valid.
But most of us don’t teach research, statistics or methodology
We teach people.
Thank you.