THE PRINCIPLES

OF ERGONOMICS

WAYS ON HOW TO PROVIDE EASY REACHES

INSIDE THE PRODUCTION:

1. PRODUCTION ISSUE- People uses an Stepstool in reaching an item in some occasions.

2. EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING- Long reaches are often underlying

reasons why people are working on awkward and contorted posture.

Principle 3Keep Everything in Easy Reach

GENERAL RULE :MAINTAIN THE REACH ENVELOPE

- Always bear in your mind that this envelope is semi-circle, not the rectangle typically used in work surfaces

DESIGN FOR A SHORT PERSON— In general, make sure

that shorter-statured people can reach

everything.

RULES FOR WORKSURFACES

• REARRANGE— The point behind keeping things in easy reach is not a hard concept to grasp.

• REDUCE WORK SURFACE SIZE— All too often, the worksurface is much bigger than needed.

•MAKE CUTOUTS— An increasingly common approach is to make a cutout in the work surface.

•USE SWING ARMS— Another way to bring items closer yetspare workspace is to use swing arms.

•TILT— When working out of boxes, it’s possible to use tilttables or stands or even to prop up the box on one end.

•REMOVE BARRIERS— Many reaches are caused by barriersthat can be eliminated or relocated.

NeverOverReachOrTwist !!

Principle 4Work at Proper Heights

• There are five categories of height mismatches. Each has its own set of common options of improvement.

1. OUT OF REACH FOR EVERYONE

2. OPTIMAL INDIVIDUAL HEIGHT

• Design for elbow height— Generally, work is best done at about elbow height, whether sitting or standing.

2a. CONSIDER THE EXCEPTIONS

— The nature of the work also affects the proper height.

2B. AVOID EXTREMES— When it isn’t possible to make every height ideal, it

may be feasible to avoid the extremes; that is, avoid working below knee level or above shoulder level.

3. ADJUSTING FOR INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

— Because people vary in height, good design often involves making height

adjustments in work surfaces. There are a variety of ways to do so:

3A. CHANGE THE WORK SURFACE

— The best approach is to adjust the height of the work surface itself.

3B. STAND ON A PLATFORM

• — It usually is impossible to raise or lower assembly lines or large pieces of equipment.

4. HEIGHTS OF MATERIALS

5. HEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS WITH EQUIPMENT