erikson's psycho-social theory of development
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FACILITATING LEARNING
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Module 4
Erikson's Psycho-Social Theory of Development
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• Erikson’s ‘psychosocial’ term is derived from the two source words – namely psychological or the root, ‘psycho’ relating to the mind, brain, personality etc. and ‘social’ or external relationships and environment, both at the heart of Erikson’s theory.
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• Each stage involves a psychosocial crisis of two opposing emotional forces. A useful term is used by Erikson for these opposing forces is ‘contrary disposition’. Each crisis stage relates to a corresponding life stage and its inherent challenges.
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•Erikson used the word ‘syntonic’ for the first-listed ‘positive’ dispositions in each crisis and ‘dystonic’ for the second-listed dispositions. Erikson connected them with the word ‘versus’.
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•If a stage is manage well, we carry away a certain virtue or psychosocial strength which will help us true the rest of the stages of our lives. Successfully passing through each crisis involve ‘achieving’ a ratio or balance between the two opposing dispositions that represent each crisis.
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•On the other hand, if we don’t do so well, we may develop maladaptations and malignancies, as well as endanger all our future development. A malignancy is the worse of the two, and involves too little of the positive and too much of the negative aspect of the task. A maladaptation is not quite as bad and involves too much of the positive and too little of the negative.
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The 8 Psychosocial Stages of Development
STAGE 1STAGE I
INFANCY
Psychosocial Crisis
TRUST vs. MISTRUST
VIRTUE
HOPE
MALIGNANCY
Withdrawal
MALADAPTATION
Sensory maladjustment
Too much TRUST
Too much MISTRUST
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STAGE II
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Psychosocial Crisis
AUTONOMY vs. SHAME and DOUBT
VIRTUE
DETERMINATION
MALIGNANCY
Compulsiveness
MALADAPTATION
Impulsiveness
STAGE
2
Too much AUTONOMY
Too much SHAME
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STAGE III
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Psychosocial Crisis
INITIATIVE vs. GUILT
VIRTUE
COURAGE
MALIGNANCY
Inhibition
MALADAPTATION
Ruthlessness
STAGE 3
Too much INITIATIVE
Too much GUILT
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STAGE IV
SCHOOL-AGE STAGE
Psychosocial Crisis
INDUSTRY vs. INFERIORITY
VIRTUE
COMPETENCY
MALIGNANCY
Inertia
MALADAPTATION
Virtuosity
STAGE 4
Too much INDUSTRY
Too much INFERIORITY
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STAGE V
ADOLESCENCE
Psychosocial Crisis
EGO IDENTITY vs. ROLE CONFUSION
VIRTUE
FIDELITY
MALIGNANCY
Repudiation
MALADAPTATION
Fanaticism
STAGE 5
Too much EGO IDENTITY
Too much ROLE CONFUSION
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STAGE VI
YOUNG ADULTHOOD
Psychosocial Crisis
INTIMACY vs. ISOLATION
VIRTUE
LOVE
MALIGNANCY
Exclusion
MALADAPTATION
Promiscuity
STAGE 6
Too much INTIMACY
Too much ISOLATION
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STAGE VII
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
Psychosocial Crisis
GENERATIVITY vs. STAGNATION
VIRTUE
CARE
MALIGNANCY
Rejectivity
MALADAPTATION
Over Extension
STAGE 7
Too much GENERATIVITY
Too much STAGNATION
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STAGE VIII
LATE ADULTHOOD
Psychosocial Crisis
INTEGRITY vs. DESPAIR
VIRTUE
WISDOM
MALIGNANCY
Disdain
MALADAPTATION
Presumption
STAGE 8
Too much INTEGRITY
Too much DESPAIR
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SUMMARY
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Prepared by:
Yves Arboleda Annalyn Tacardon Glynis Madet
Tnx a listening !!